Author name:
رنا طعيمة حسين الصافي
Supervisor name:
حسن عيسى الحكيم
University location:
Najaf
Abstract:
The geographical trace reflexes a clear presence of scope in the human societies not by its activity in giving of vitality but upon the daily lift items and in drawing of the lived nature frames , which had been divided in to two typs : (The Bedouins and the Urbans)but more of that , it acts to give ideological emergences for the worships reality which had inspired from the environmental world characteristic which surrounded the human.The examining look to history and geography of the Arab peninsula peoples worships discovers a united structure of the religion whenever we meet it as a pioneer cultural phenomenon , it is a hard work for imagine what should be impossible to imagine thepnviromental surroundings om which the human derives his survival elements , and the desire to change his secrets of his powers to bring their goodness or for fear of them.References and books of the history are full of a great deal of information which lies the light upon a nature of the pagan worships which had been founded by the human in the Arab peninsula with their final images , but the return with these worships totheir first original roots , and bringing out trace of the ideological culture in Wadi el - Rafidain upon these worships had been considered exciting subjects , besides that bringing out the Arab had adorned the stars which is un widespread with extent theirworship of the idols , and most of them were considered that they embodying the spiritual of the stars , and the Arab reached in to forming a durational trinity , transferring from adjacent experiments , and looking to the environment with vital characteristic , and scope of the assemble mental expression difference from the religious experiment and the appetence of the religious phenomenon in frame of (the belief , the ritual , and the myth).For whole that , the impulse was strong for me to study the subject by its description as a good ring include frame of the historical studies of the religious ideology and the environmental trace in life of the Arab before the Islam. Here , I must refer to a fact which had been considered as an obvious for every researcher it , difficulties and its special problems with the study's subject , it is necessary for the researcher who enters any door of the scientific research to surmunthese difficulties and problems then he passes them to reach to achieve what he aim to it from his scientific research. Some of the difficulties which I met through this thesis was the reference to study the ancient history , especially , the religious history of Wadi el - Rafidain to know the first principles of the ideological worship which springs from the geographical surroundings, and support them with the religions study of the Arab in the south , and the religions in middle and north of the Arab peninsula , plenty of tells and variousity of their sources drive me to necessity of deepen in their meanings and invent the mostacceptable of them , then and Ashoorian ages and its being as a religious system consists star banthium which extolled the astronomical planets. In the second chapter , I discussed the religious characteristic and satisfying the star Trinity (the moon , the sun , and Venus) in the southern Arabic region. The chapter mentioned two axises : The first exhibited effect of the nature revolution upon the religion , and the way of harmonizing of the politic with the spiritual side , and its rush from sanctifying of the natures elements to prevent the goodness , the ritual side of the religions had beenrepresented in the vows and the sacrifices , the united sides controlee upon the worships , this what had been cleared in the second research. In the third chapter , I put the light upon the religious believes in middle of the Arab peninsola.It consisted tow researches : In the first , I spoke about weathers of the Arab and their astromical interests , which directed their eyes to the sky's powers , then they followed the other nations to idolize these powers.In the second research , I followed through it the Jaheliah pagan roles but with their star roots , and embodying of these worships through the upper and the down Trinity principle and adoption of the vitality principle upon the external surroundings andmake it as hiden powers as it consists two personalities. The forth chapter had been set aside to study interact of the semi agricultural societies with the religion.It consisted two researches : The first research took care of the geographical reflections upon the religious life in Tudmor , and change of their worship in to worship in the base degree , besides that it represents of the fertility and the growth worship in Al - Anbat people.While the second research mentioned the urbans worships which depended upon the Trinity : (The God , The father Seed Marna (the Sun) , the mother Goddess (Mertin the Goddess) Venus , Bermerin the God (the Moon) , the holy side didn’t become out ofsanctifying of the natures powers among Al - Manathirah and Al - Ghasasinah. In Most of these mentioned worships , the religious impuls was prominent with geographical effect.The references and soureces of this thesis were various : They were from the holy books , the explicatory books , the biography books and the linguistic dictionaries , besides the historical references the geographical dictionaries , the poetry books andthe various modern historical references. This study had been led in to group of the results which I reached the they are asfollow : 1 - Variousity of the geographical trace did not effect to brand nature of the Arab life with the Bedouin characteristic and the Urban characteristic only , but framed their ramifying according to place and its requirements.2 - The ideological heritage in Wadi el - Rafidain country had roots which supplied with their giant storage worships of the sky and the nature (the external surroundings) in all parts of the peninsola , so worship of fertility and the natures factors (winds , rain , stars , sky) had been appeared with its first instinct , and since before the stone ages in worships of Wadi el - Rafidain , with increasing way , they blocked with star rush embodied with mythical cover , which tells about create of the atmosphere and beginning of the lifefrom uninfinity world , by act of the Gods and their star manifest ments. 3 - It drew attention of the souther Arab peoples minds for the agricultural nature of their lands , their ideas weaved star worships , starting from their reality and their agricultural environment the star Trinity (the moon , the sun and Venus) was a pioneer in their worship , besides another Gods as : Hadad (God of the air and the thunder , and fat Baal (God of the sky , and Munfuh) (God of the water and the irrigation)4 - The Arab became pioneers of the weather and the astronomic sciences after the Kildan and the Sabeaa , so they took from them these sciences and improred them until they attributed the acts to the stars without the creater , they said that our rain with weather so and so , they adorned the stars to get their blesses , and so they participated the other civilizations with these worships , the worship of the astronomic planets had been differed according to their acts differences in their life.
