Show: 25 50 75 100 Results

Search results: 25 out of 1,839

فاعلية برنامج سكامبر التعليمي في تنمية القدرات الابداعية لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية == The Effectivity Of Scamper Education Program In Improving Creative Abilities Of Elementary School Pupils

Author name: دنيا رزوقي نجم
Supervisor name: مظهر عبد الكريم سليم العبيدي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الرسالة الى التعرف على (فاعلية برنامج سكامبر التعليمي) في تنمية القدرات الابداعية لدى تلميذات المرحلة الابتدائية باستخدام برنامج سكامبر(scamper)وتم التحقق من ذلك من خلال الفرضيات الاتية : 1 - لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0,05)بين رتب درج | Improving creativity of pupils is not an easy task, the biggest accusation to educational institutions is that they restrict the stimulus for exploration and creativity. Some critics, thinkers and professionals indicted schools of teaching pupils yielding and submission rather than the principles of thinking and creativity. Sociology scholars stated that the method of rewarding increases purity, repetition spontaneity or memorization but not encouraging fertility, productivity or creativity (Tartori&Qadhat, 2007 : 56). Moreover, Johns stated that creativity is not a singular gift enjoyed by a small group, but a collective ability in most of the people, it can be improved or suppressed prone to their individual abilities (Jabir, 1997 : 19).The study, which is entitled "The Effectivity of Scamper Training Program", aims at improving the creative abilities of elementary school female pupils via delineating the Scamper program. The method is verified through the following hypotheses : 1. There are no statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the controlling group pupils' scoresin the pre and post tests on Torrance's scale of creative abilities.2. There are no statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the experimental group pupils' scoresbefore and after applying the training program on Torrance's scale of creative abilities 3. There are no statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the controlling and experimental group pupils' scores in the post testaccording to Torrance's scale of creative abilities Furthermore, so as to achieve the aim of the study and its hypotheses, the researcher chose two tools that are; Torrance scale of creative abilities and Scamper educational program that are both adapted by the researcher. Torrance's scale, in its final form, comprised of 3 different activities. The first score is considered according to the additions set by a pupil to the activity and the suitability of the title test to the form she sketched. In addition, the training program is adopted to assure the study hypotheses. Sample of the study composed of (20) fourth elementary female pupils who are randomly distributed into two groups; experimental and controlling, with (10) pupils each. The experimental group is exposed to Scamper program for (8) sessions in (5) weeks, while the controlling group is left unexposed to a program. For the sake of data processing, a variety of statistic tools are applied as; Chi square, arithmetic mean, Pearson correlation coefficient, the T - test for two independent samples, Mann Whitney Test and Wilcoxon Test.With regard to the achievements of the study, the following results are stated : 1. There are no statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the controlling group pupils' scores in the pre and post tests on Torrance's scale of creative abilities.2. There are statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the experimental group pupils' scoresin the pre - test after applying the training program and the post - test.3. There are statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the controlling and experimental group pupils' scores after applying the program in favor of the experimental group.Results of the study show that Scamper educational training program if effective in improving the creative abilities of elementary school female pupils. In light of the study results and conclusions, the researcher proposed a number of recommendations and suggestions
Summary:
References:

التحكم الذاتي وعلاقته بادارة الانفعالات لدى طلبة جامعة ديالى == Self - Control Relation With Management Of Emotions Among Students The University

Author name: عمر محمود احمد
Supervisor name: هيثم احمد علي الزبيدي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: يعد متغير التحكم الذاتي(Self - Control) الذي يتناوله البحث الحالي بالدراسة من متغيرات الشخصية المهمة الذي يسهم في تحويل الانسان من كائن سلبي تتحكم فيه النزعات الداخلية والتنبيهات الخارجية الى كائن ايجابي فاعل يسيطر على كثير من اندفاعاته السلوكية والفكرية | The variable self - control (Self - Control), which dealt with current research study of important personal variables that contribute to the transformation of the human being negative tendencies controlled by the internal and external alarms to positive active object controls many Andfaath behavioral, intellectual and emotional. We find that the concept of self - control involved with the management of agitation Management of Emotions)) in the factors that determine success in life. The current research aims to revealthefollowing : 1 - measuring self - control among the students of the university. 2 - know the differences in self - control depending on the variable type (males - females). 3 - Measuring management of emotion among the students of the university. 4 - knowledge of the differences in the management of emotions depending on the variable type (male female). 5 - to know whether there is a relationship between self - control and manage emotions. Restricted to the limits of current research on the students of the University of Diyala in humanitarian and scientific colleges for the academic year 2013 - 2014 for the study of the morning. The research sample consisted of 600 male and female students. Has been building two measures (self - control) and (Department of emotions) The results of the current research as follows : 1. There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) in self - control. 2. There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) in the variable type and in favor ofmales. 3. There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) administration feeling. 4. There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) in the variable type and in favor ofmales 5. A positive relationship between self - control and manage emotions. In light of the results and conclusions of the researcher presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.
Summary:
References:

انماط الشخصية على وفق نظرية الانيكرام وعلاقتها بالتفضيل المهني لدى طلبة الجامعة == The Personality Types According To The Enneagram Theory And Relationship To The Career Preference For The University Students

Author name: صابر طه ياسين الجميلي
Supervisor name: خالد خير الدين ياسين الحمداني
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:
Abstract: ان التجاذبات العلمية لدى المختصين بعلم نفس الشخصية نتيجة لعدم كمال نظرياتهم باتباع بعضهم السمات في التنظير واتباع البعض الاخر الابعاد واخرون اتبعوا الانماط لدراستها وتفسيرها فما تلبث ان تولد نظرية الا وكان الاد والنقد اولى بها فانكشفت ماخذ تلك النظريات عل | The scientific talks with the specialists in the personal psychology as a result to perfect their theories in following some of them the features theorizing and followed the others the dimensions and others followed the forms to study and explaining them, thus as soon as birth a theory but the literature and criticism take it, so that theories faults on the surface, which the need leads to appearance of other theories maybe have with completeness and catholicity from the description, explaining, and measurement, the theory of Enneagram have (nineteenth classification for the personality forms) where precede to those characteristic as well as it is modern.In addition to the professional favoring is forming a big space from the students' life, so the psychologists intend to study it, the best measurement to that professional favoring with Holland's theory in the personality.The research society consist of (10421) from the Mosul university' students in the morning study and the sample of study contains of (600) students (male and female) choose them randomly (multi stages, and the classist random way) in (300) students (160) of them from the scientific specialization and (140) (from the humanitarian specialization) and (300) female students (172) of them in the scientific specialization and (128) (in the humanitarian specialization), the researcher depends on two tools are : measurement of personality forms according to the Ingram theory which prepared by researcher Abdulsaheb (2008) and the measurement of the professional favoring which built by the researcher, and testing from two measurements testing by the superficial and self veracity. But the fixity accounted by two ways are : (re - test way, and the internal uniformity way with using of Alfa Kronbach equation). The data had treated statistically using the statistical case for the social sciences using the tools and statistical Person linking's coefficient and Alf Kronbach's Equation and the T - test for the linking coefficient and Kay square.The results showed that the current personality forms in the university students as a whole and for both sex and the specialists is the reconciler, and the favourite jobs are the researching jobs with the sample together as well as with the females and students of the humanitarian specialization, and the realizing jobs are the favourite jobs for the males sample in the scientific specialization as well as on student of the scientific specialization, while the social jobs were the favourit with male in the humanitarian specialization in addition to the females in both specializations. But the linking relationship between the forms and professional preferences, maybe sometimes have sense and then its sense disappeared according to the change, explaining that the acceptance system in the Iraqi universities is accept sometimes in the professional environment (social, factual, traditional, risk) where the system is not accept in two professional environment (artistic, and researching).The recommendations in the light of the results, the researcher presents some recommendations, one most important of them is benefit from the two scales for many aims, and on develop the other forms together and in equally form according to what demand by the value system, and make the acceptance system in Iraqi universities consider the scientific basis when accept the students in the specializations by depend a development ways and modern techniques and put a personal code in the identity card.As well as to present some scientific suggestions for the future researches
Summary:
References:

اثر ستراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة في حل المشكلات لدى طلبة معاهد اعداد المعلمين == The Effect Of Meta Cognitive Strategies On Problem Solving Students Of Preparing Teachers Institutes

Author name: ذكرى عبد الحافظ عبد اللطيف
Supervisor name: رؤوف محمود القيسي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تتميز الحياة الانسانية بانها مليئة بالتغيرات التي يرافقها العديد من المواقف التي تتطلب اتخاذ القرارات وحل المشكلات ويعد حل المشكلات من اكثر اشكال السلوك الانساني تعقيدا واهمية. وهو من اكثر السمات المميزة للانسان عن سائر المخلوقات.ويعد مفهوم ستراتيجي | The concept of metacognitive strategies are considered a relatively recent concept, which had attracted great interest in theoretical and applied in the field of learning and considered one of the most important kinds of thinking in a letter that control the thinking process which affects the organization of all the other systems where it is to set objectives and take decisions and reaching solve problems by selecting any of the cognitive processes that the goal as the best and this type of thinking in higher levels of thinking and the most complex, It is considered planning as control and operations evaluation, it also contributes significantly to the development of the capacity of individuals to deal with the others thoughts of them and understanding the thinking of others.Human life is characterized as full of changes that have accompanied with many of the situations that require decision - making and Problem - solving is considered as one of the most complex forms of human behavior.It is one of the most distinctive features of the human thin other creatures. Metacognitive strategies thinking learning and training contributes to develop the capacity of individuals in dealing with the attitudes and awareness and the realization of types of behaviors that come from the individual and others as to the understanding of these strategies and their application is required to use techniques and problem - solving , strategies successfully. In addition to more control over thought processes awareness occur to the various aspects of the mental work metacognitive strategies, have a significant impact on successful learning, So confirmed by researches and studies on the importance of student learning to implement these strategies through monitoring and control, and controlling sources of knowledge. Hence the problem of current research in the necessary of using programs for metacognitiv strategies with the students of teacher's preparing institute training and effective utilization to become part of their ways of thinking which is reflected in a positive manner and conduct scientific research and education with children as the means of the transfer of knowledge and positive impact in the patterns of thinking among students as, it will contribute to the actively in the creation of new generations of arranged thinking and effective in solving the problems that face them and able to contribute to keep pace with scientific progress and knowledge. In order to achieve the goal of current research to know the impact of the metacognitiv strategies in problem solving with students of teacher preparing institute and according to the variable of sex the following assumptions were put : 1. There is no noticeable statistical differences between the average degree of the experimental group and control group average score in the post (subsequently) test to test problem - solving (heuristics, generate solutions, strategies)2. There are no noticeable statistical differences between the average degrees of the four groups in the difference between the previously and post tests to test problem - solving (heuristics, generate solutions, strategies).3. There are no noticeable statistical differences between the average degree of the Experimental group of Males and the average degree of the experimental group of females in the post test problems - solving (heuristics , generate solutions, strategies). Basic research sample consisted of (100) Male and female students from fourth classes teacher's preparing institute Experimental and Control are in the province of Kirkuk, they represent four research groups. Half males and half female, four sections ( 25) student female or student for each group was conducted parity between the four groups in the variables (age, intelligence, educational level of parents and previously reasoning test - generating solutions - strategies)Tests have been constructed to solve problems, they are : 1. Reasoning test and the final form is (38) item, apparent honesty and content validity and building have been extracted for it, and extracting reliability, with - test way and is (82%).2. Generate solutions test to be in final form of (15) item have been extracted and apparent validity and content validity and the coefficient constant was calculated in retesting to then reached to (84%) and with way alpha Kron Bach being (82%)3. Test Strategies are being final form of (30) item, and apparent validity and content validity had been extracted and construction, and reliability coefficient was calculated in the method of bringing the half retail to come to (84%) after correction equation of Spearman Brown.These tests were applied previously and re - test on the fourth groups. The two experimental groups, were submitted to the metacognitive strategies in the subject of educational Guidance by two classes per week for ten weeksThen treating the data by using the following statistical methods (Qai square ,te - test, Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance ,and Duncan test for multiple contracting)The Results the research came up with are the following : 1 - The superiority of two experimental tests in test of problem - solving (heuristics - the generation of solutions - strategies)2 - There is no noticeable statistical differences according to the variable of sex (gender) between the two experimental groups.These results reflected the impact of the strategies programs metacognitive strategies in solving problems and in accordance with the results of research the researcher has formulated a set of recommendations, including : 1 - Training courses are conducted to increase capability of the teachers in using metacognitive strategies throw program to train the educational staffs during service.2 - Paying care attention the articles to the teacher's preparing institute used for the scientific subjects that describes the concept of metacognitive strategies and how it is used by teachers and students. Also a set of proposals were put including the following : 1 - Studying the impact of training on metacognitive strategies in educational efficiency of teachers.2 - Studying the impact of the metacognitive strategies in the variables (innovation - scientific thinking - obtainment) with students of Teacher's Institute of both genders.
Summary:
References:

الاستقواء وعلاقته بتقدير الذات لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة == Bullying Behaviour And Its Relation To The Students Self - Evaluation In The Secondary School

Author name: احمد حميد عطوان جابر العبودي
Supervisor name: عبد القادر رحيم الانصاري
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي سلوك الاستقواء وعلاقته بتقدير الذات, والتعرف على الفروق الاحصائية في السلوك الاستقوائي على وفق متغير الجنس ( ذكور - اناث ) , والتعرف على مستوى تقدير الذات لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة , والتعرف على الفروق الاحصائية في تقدير الذات على وفق مت | The current work aims at investigating the bully behaviour scale and its relation with the self - evaluation, as well as recognizing the statistical differences concerning this type of behaviour according to gender differences (males and females). The study also focuses on identifying the level of self - evaluation among secondary school students and showing the statistical differences according to gender (males and females). The sample included in this study comprises 400 students (males and females) in the secondary schools. Those are chosen according to the level of their study and randomly in Karbala (2015 - 2016). To accomplish the aims of this work, the researcher has done the following : 1. Making a measurement for studying bullying scale including seven branches. The researcher has checked its differentiation strength for its points and its psycho - metric measurement, working out its face validity and construction validity. Also, reliability is worked out via testing and retesting using Pearson correlation coefficient and Alpha Cronbach's equation. The scale in its final state is composed of 34 points distributed to several domains ( the domain of body, the verbal , social , sexual, racial, electronic domains and possessions). 2. Adopting the bullying self - evaluation (2011). The researcher has enquired about its discriminatory strength concerning its points and its psychometric properties. The validity is inspected via two ways : face validity and construction validity. The reliability is gotten via testing and retesting as well as using Alpha Cronbach's equation. The scale in its final state comprises 18 points suitable to measure the students' self - evaluation in the secondary schools. The researcher has applied the two scales to the sample of the study. After analyzing and treating the data statistically using the following statistical methods : T - test for one sample, T - test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, Chi - Square, T - test to test the correlation. The researcher has concluded the following : 1. There is an inconsiderable bullying behaviour among the secondary school students. 2. There are statistical differences in practicing bullying behaviour in relation to gender and on behalf of the males. 3. The secondary school students have a high self - evaluation.4. There are statistical differences among the secondary school students in relation to self - evaluation attributed to gender and on behalf of the males. 5. There is a weak relation with no statistical evidence between bullying and self - evaluation. The researcher has suggested and recommended a number of future studies concerning the bullying behaviour and its relation to self - evaluation.
Summary:
References:

العنف الرمزي وعلاقته بالاحباط الوجودي لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية == The Symbolic Violence And Its Relationship To The Existential Frustration Among Secondary School Students

Author name: حنان عبد الله خباط
Supervisor name: رجاء ياسين عبد الله العبودي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: يكتسب البحث الحالي اشكاليته في ضوء تقصي مفهوم العنف الرمزي وعلاقته بالاحباط الوجودي اذ يعد العنف الرمزي من المشكلات الحديثة التي يعاني منها الفرد في الوقت الحالي. وتكمن اهمية البحث الحالي في تناوله لمرحلة مهمة من حياة الطلبة، وهي مرحلة الثانوية، وا | The research is acquires importance through the fact that concept of symbolic violence and its relationship to the existential frustrated, as the symbolic violence consider of the modern problems to the individual now. The significance of this research is deal with stage of the students life in ,So Symbolic violence is happening to the student when he or she is exposed to the situation of disregard, and despised by the teacher, family or society which leads to existential frustration, and the life has no meaning. Which breed has a sense of enthusiasm for study or work do not seem to have any clear purpose in life trying to achieve. All this creates a suitable environment for the case of symbolic violence that appear through signs and symbols, or through the exercise of arbitrariness and injustice against them and depredation freedoms and carelessness to their suffering.As existential frustrating happens when stymied the individual will because of the harsh conditions surrounding it , the many psychological pressures and crises of human exposure and the monotony of the surrounding environment are all reasons for the individual to live a life that lacks meaning and will.Identify the goal of the study : 1 - Symbolic violence among secondary school students.2 - Statistical differences in symbolic violence on according to the type variable (males - females) and specialization (scientific - humanitarian and second medium).3 - existential frustration among secondary school students4 - Statistical differences in existential frustration on according to the type variable (males - females) and specialization (scientific - humanitarian and second medium)5 - The relationship between the symbolic violence and existential frustration among student of secondary stage. The current research has been confined to secondary school students scientific and humanitarian fifth grade and stage of the second stage, Consisting of (400) students were selected With random way that disproporionate distribution of schools of the province of Babylon, amounting to ten secondary schools five males and five females.To achieve the objectives of research, the researcher make a measure of symbolic violence, which consists of three areas identified by the definition : a set of symbols and references and connotations, and the looting of freedoms and arbitrariness and tyranny hidden and disguised. The discriminatory power of the symbolic to measure of violence, which amounted to (55) have been chosen, the characteristics Alsekoumtrah that presented validity and reliability.For scale of the existential frustration the researcher depending the scale (Saadi 2009) for the non - existential furcation which consists of (45) points in its final image disruptive among five filed, the researcher extract validity and reliability.The two scale have been applied, after analysis and processing the date statically by using the Al Taiee test to one sample than to tow other difference the results were as the follow.1 - Members of the current research sample no suffering to symbolic violence.2 - The high school students differ in the moral significance of symbolic violence by type (males - females) and in side of females and specialization (humanitarian - second stage).3 - Suffering members of the current research sample from the existential frustration to the gender (males - females).4 - There is differences in the moral significance of the existential frustration according to the gender (males - females) to the side of females. 5 - There is no correlation between the symbolic violence and existential frustration.After extracting all the results the researcher produce sone of the conclusions, recommendations and uggestions
Summary:
References:

الاستيعاب القرائي وعلاقته باستراتيجيات التعلم والتفكير لدى طلبة مرحلة الدراسة الجامعية == Reading Comprehension In Relation To The Use Of Learning And Thinking Strategies By University Students

Author name: افياء سليم كاطع
Supervisor name: عياد اسماعيل صالح السامرائي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الاستيعاب بصورة عامة، والاستيعاب القرائي بصورة خاصة واحدا من العمليات العقلية المعرفية الاساسية التي تسهم بصورة مباشرة واساسية في عمليات التعلم والتعليم والتحصيل الاكاديمي والدراسي الجيد في مراحل التعليم المختلفة.وتعتمد هذه العملية على عدد من العملي
Summary:
References:

اثر الارشاد النفسي في تعديل الشخصية الانطوائية لدى طالبات مرحلة الدراسة الاعدادية : دراسة تجريبية

Author name: نادية عبد المحسن متعب العامود
Supervisor name: مها حسين يوسف سالم البدر
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Summary:
References:

اثر الارشاد الجماعي في غزو الفشل الدراسي لدى طالبات الصف الرابع الاعدادي : دراسة تجريبية

Author name: بتول بناي زبيري الكعبي
Supervisor name: قبيل كودي حسين
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Summary:
References:

التفكير الابتكاري وعلاقته بالعادات الدراسية لدى طلبة الجامعة

Author name: انعام قاسم خفيف الصريفي
Supervisor name: ابراهيم عبد الخالق رؤوف
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد التفكير الابتكاري عملية عقليه تتضمن القدرة على انتاج شيئا جديدا فكرا او عملا، وبدرجة عالية من المرونة والطلاقة والاصالة، وان العادات الدراسية تعد طريقة الطالب في ادراك المعلومات وتنظيمها وفهمها ونقدها وتحليلها واسترجاعها استعدادا للاداء الجيد والالمام
Summary:
References:

التسويف الاكاديمي وعلاقته باساليب التفكير لدى طلبة الجامعة == Academic Procrastination And Relationship To Thinking Styles Of Undergraduates

Author name: رحاب نوري لفتة العبادي
Supervisor name: زينب حياوي بديوي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على : - التسويف الاكاديمي لدى طلبة الجامعة. - الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في التسويف الاكاديمي لدى طلبة الجامعة حسب المتغيرات ( النوع - التخصص). - اساليب التفكير لدى طلبة الجامعة. - الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في اساليب التفكي | Title : (Academic Procrastination and Relationship to Thinking Styles of Undergraduates)Current research aims at : - Identifying academic procrastination of undergraduates. - Identifying differences in academic procrastination of undergraduates according to variables (gender and specialization). - Identifying the common thinking styles of undergraduates. - Identifying differences in common thinking styles of undergraduates according to variables (gender and specialization). - Identifying the relationship between academic procrastination level and common thinking styles of undergraduates. Research was conducted to a sample of Al Basra University undergraduates (males and females) according to specialization (i.e. scientific - human) for the academic year 2015 - 2016. For theoretical framework, it concentrated on the following two themes : 1 - Academic procrastination : concept, causing factors, and theories. 2 - Thinking styles : concept, kinds, and theories. Descriptive relational methodology was used to explore the relationship between academic procrastination and common thinking stylesacademic procrastination, and the development of thinking styles through including thinking skills in curricula. As complementary to research, suggestions were concluded for future study such as performing a similar study on a sample of undergraduates with low and high achievement levels. 1 - here were statistically significant differences at (0.05) between mean degrees of the sample according to gender, in favor of males. 2 - There were statistically significant differences at (0.05) between mean degrees of the sample according to specialization. 3 - There was an interaction between gender and specialization related to effects on academic procrastination. Other findings included : 1 - Research sample had more than hypothetical level of common thinking styles. 2 - There were statistically significant differences (at 0.05) between degrees of the sample according to gender in favor of males. 3 - There were no statistically significant differences (at 0.05) between degrees of the sample according to specialization. 4 - There was an interaction between gender and specialization in effects on the four common thinking styles.Moreover, it was found a significant correlation between academic procrastination and common think styles. Results are interpreted and discussed according to the adopted theory of each variable (academic procrastination and thinking styles). Additionally, the results were discussed in relation to literature. The researcher concluded some recommendations included : holding seminars and conferences to decrease academic procrastination and show its passive effects on undergraduates and all levels of society. Moreover, there should beFor procedures, the research was conducted to 800 undergraduates (i.e. 400 respondents as treatment and 400 undergraduates as control group), selected by random stratified method of University faculties.To achieve the goals, Academic Procrastination Scale (63 - items scale divided to behavioral, cognitive and emotional fields) was used; in addition to the translation and using Gregorc's Thinking Styles Scale (15 situations, with four choices per each situation; each respondents are free to choose 2 situations distributed to four fields : concrete sequential, concrete random, abstract random, and abstract sequential. External validity, structure validity indicators and discriminatory validity were considered for the Academic Procrastination Scale. As for Thinking Styles; external validity, translation validity and discriminatory validity were considered. In addition, stability of scales was confirmed through test - retest and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. To verify research procedures and results, the following statistical methodologies were used : (One - sample t - test, two independent samples t - test, two - way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's test for multiple comparisons, relative weight, standard error equation, and Pearson relation coefficient). Research concluded the following findings : 1 - The sample scored higher than hypothesis level in academic procrastination.
Summary:
References:

ما وراء الذاكرة وعلاقتها بالدافعية للتعلم لدى طلبة الجامعة == Meta - Memory And Its Relationship With Motivation For Learning Among University Students

Author name: سماء فالح غالي السبيلاوي
Supervisor name: عبد الزهراء لفتة البدران
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: يعد موضوع ما وراء الذاكرة من الاستراتيجيات المعرفية الفعالة التي تعمل على تحسين اداء الذاكرة، ورفع كفاءتها اذ تنمي عند الطلبة فهما ووعيا افضل عن كيفية عمل الذاكرة، والوعي باستراتيجيات التذكر المناسبة، والوعي بانظمة الذاكرة المختلفة، وذلك يساعد على انجاز | Meta - memory is considered as one of the effective cognitive strategies that work to improve the performance of the memory, where it grows students' understanding and awareness about the way the memory works and appropriate recalling strategies. This helps perform all cognitive tasks effectively. Thus, it impacts students' motivation to learn and perform. Through this research, we aim to identify : 1. Meta - memory among university students.Z. Motivation to learn among university students.3. The relationship between Meta - memory and motivation to learn.4. Statistically significance differences in the meta - memory scale among university students according to the gender variable (males - females).5. Statistically significance differences in the meta - memory scale among university students according to the stage variable (second - fourth)6. Statistically significance differences in the motivation to learn scale among university students according to the gender variable (males - females).7. Statistically significance differences in the motivation to learn scale among university students according to the stage variable (second - fourth).8. Statistically significance differences in the level of relationship between Metamemory and motivation to learn among university students according to the gender variable (males - females).9. Statistically significance differences in the level of relationship between Metamemory and motivation to learn among university students according to the stage variable (second - fourth).The research sample is (420) male and female second and fourth years students. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the researcher built a meta - memory scale depending on previous studies thattackled the topic. The scale was applied on the study sample (second and fourth years students). Depending on previous studies and scales, the researcher built another scale to measure students' motivation to learn because there weren't any scale that suits the study sample. The psychometric features of the two scales have been verified by the use of thefollowing statistical tests : (T - Test one sample, T - Test two independent samples, Z - test, Pearson correlation, Alpha Cronbach's formula). The following results have been reached at : University students have a good level of meta - memory.University students have a good level of motivation for learning.There is a positive relationship between meta - memory and motivation for learning among university students.There are no statistically significant differences in the level of meta - memory according to the gender variable (males - females).There are statistically significant differences in the level of meta - memory for second year students.There are no statistically significant differences in the level of motivation for learning according to the gender variable (males - females).There are no statistically significant differences in the level of motivation for learning according to the stage variable (second - fourth).There are statistically significant differences in the relationship between the two variables according to the gender variable for females at the expense of males.There are statistically significant differences in the relationship between the two variables according to the stage variable for the second stage at the expense offourth stage.At the end of the research, the researcher came up with a number of suggestions and recommendations.
Summary:
References:

الذكاء الثقافي وعلاقته بالاندماج الجامعي لدى طلبة الجامعة

Author name: نجلاء عبد الكاظم محيبس
Supervisor name: عبد المحسن عبد الحسين خضير
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: وقد هدف هذا البحث الى معرفة : 1 - الذكاء الثقافي لدى طلبه الجامعة.2 - الاندماج الجامعي لدى طلبة الجامعة.3 - العلاقه بين الذكاء الثقافي والاندماج الجامعي لدى طلبة الجامعة.4 - العلاقه بين الذكاء الثقافي والاندماج الجامعي لدى طلبة الجامعة على وفق متغيرات.ا - الج
Summary:
References:

اثر اسلوب التفاعل الاجتماعي في خفض قلق التدريس لدى طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة البصرة == The Impact Of Social Interaction In Decreasing Teaching Anxiety Among Students Of The Colleges Of Education Basrah University

Author name: اسيا صبري عبد الغني العبد الله
Supervisor name: بتول بناي زبيري
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: تعد مهنة التدريس واحدة من الوظائف المهمة في المجتمع. فالنظام التعليمي هو الاساس الذي يبني عليه المجتمع طموحاته وازدهاره ورقيه. اما المعلم فانه اهم العناصر التي لها دور فاعل في تطور النظام التعليمي. فعندما يقوم المعلم بالتدريس في الفصول الدراسية فانه | Teaching is one of the important carriers in the society. The educational system is the foundation upon which the society builds its ambitions, prosperity and development. As for the teacher, he is the most important of the factors that effectively impact the development of the educational system. When the teacher teaches study classes he faces and undergoes many pressures among which is worry. The teacher's anxiety during his presence in the classes contributes in creating many problems like; the effectiveness of class activities, their quality and the way they are conducted. Anxiety that is resultant of teaching appears clearly at the beginning of the teaching experience or before it. This appears on the student teachers at the colleges of education who suffer a lot from the problem of teaching worry. - Social interaction is one of the main processes in all the different society institutions; it works on building mental health of individuals. Mental health has a positive relationship with social interactions, where the person who has social interaction can control worry. Anxiety is one of the most famous psychological variables that emerged in the present century. Anxiety in general and teaching anxiety in particular is one of the most important variables that affect trainees in the professional preparation stage. The importance of teaching anxiety appears clearly among the students during the teaching practicum period for the first time. The teaching process represents a new experience for the teacher students. Joyce and Gift emphasize the importance of building a training program whose objective is to enable the student teacher to socially interact with the carrier and overcome the difficulty of the teaching carrier. American experimentalist sociologists have taken interaction as main variable in their experiments, for it suits their wish of objectivity, as it is a great understanding tool among those who study the operations of small groups whether they are at the factory or at the protected group. - This research aims at identifying the following : 1. Teaching anxiety among students of the colleges of Education at the University of Basrah.2. The impact of the social interaction method in decreasing teaching anxiety among students of the colleges of Education at the University of Basrah.The following hypotheses are based on this objective : • There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) in the post - test for the teaching anxiety scale in the experimental and control groups. • There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) in the (pre - test - post - test) for the teaching anxiety scale in the experimental group.• There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) in the (pre - test - post - test) for the teaching anxiety scale in the control group. - The basic research sample is composed of (845) fourth year students from the colleges of Education (college of Education for Human Sciences, College of Education for Pure Sciences, College of Education for Women, College of Education - Qurna, and College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences) at the University of Basrah. The experimental sample, (20) students, was chosen randomly from the college of Education for Human Sciences in the academic year (2015 - 2016). They were distributed randomly into two even groups, an experimental group and a control one. - To achieve the goals of the research, the researcher adopted teaching anxiety scale presented by (Parsons, 1973) (TCHAS (1)(29)) translated by Saied Aldhufri and Ayda Albosaidia (2009), and built a training program according to the social interaction method, it was composed of a theoretical side and a practical one depending on (R.F. Bales) theory of social interaction. - The researcher balanced the students of both groups in a number of variables (pre - test of the teaching anxiety scale, father and mother's qualification, age, gender). - The researcher investigated the validity of the scale and the training program through face validity method. The reliability of the scale was measured by Alpha Cronbach's formula. The scale's reliability was (0.80). The final form of the scale included 29 items (15 negative and 14 positive) and alternatives (Always, often, sometimes, rarely, never). Theoretical grading of the scales ranges between (29 - 145) points with a theoretical mean about (87). - The researcher used the following statistical means (T - Test one sample, Alpha Cronbach's formula, Mann Whitney Test, Wilcoxon Test). - The research reached at the following results : 1. Students of the colleges of Education at the University teaching anxiety where the mean obtained was a little lower than the hypothesized one.2. The results of the training program according to social interaction method showed that the program was effective. - In the light of the results obtained, the researcher concluded that : 1. The teaching anxiety scale (TCHAS (1) - 29) is effective in measuring teaching anxiety as previous studies had shown.2. The social interaction method is effective in decreasing the level of teaching anxiety among the students of the colleges of Education. - Depending on these results, the researcher recommended the following : 1. It is necessary to pay attention to the practical and training sides in the teacher preparation programs at the colleges of Education.2. It is necessary for the professors at the colleges of Education who supervise student teachers to advise them and decrease their fears and difficulties - The researcher also suggested the following : 1. Conducting a similar study to be applied to newly appointed teachers.2. Conducting a study to identify the hindrances of social interaction throughout the lectures at the colleges of Education
Summary:
References:

التفكير الحاذق وعلاقته باساليب معالجة المعلومات لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية == Smart Thinking And Its Relationship With Methods Of Information Processing At Secondary Schools' Students

Author name: هديل علي جبر الشمري
Supervisor name: سالي طالب علوان
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تحتل مسالة التفكير في علم النفس وفي العلوم الاخرى مكانة رئيسة لان مهمة التفكير تكمن في ايجاد حلول مناسبة للمشكلات التي تواجه الفرد في المجتمع والتي تتجدد باستمرار مما يدفعه للبحث دوما عن طرق واساليب جديدة تمكنه من تجاوز الصعوبات والعقبات وتقليص اضرارها ا | The case of Thinking in Psychology and other sciences has a great and a prominent place as the task of Thinking is concentrated in finding out suitable solutions for problems that Individual faces in Community which are renewed Constantly and continually that matter leads him to look for new methods that enable him overcoming difficulties and obstacles as well as to decrease their damages to the fullest possible extent.As nature of this era that we live in needs to untraditional Thinkers , needs to Smart Thinkers who are characterized with several skills that they can adapt with this dramatic change and with this rapid cognitive development.Smart Thinking presents great support and assistance for students in performing their duties in best manner , and leading them accessing new solutions and alternatives previously unknown when a problem happens, on other hand , it requires further experiences ,more training , and continuous education in order to be achieved well. It is so necessary to Invest students ' potentials in best ways and to shift methods of teaching from memorization and teaching into new methods that depend on teaching students how to deal with information and produce or reproducing accurate objective knowledge and to enable them to benefit from their studying so as to raise educational sufficiency. In accordance to what are said above , objectives of Thesis are determined in the following below points : 1. The level of Smart Thinking for Secondary Schools ' Students.2. Statistically significant differences in Smart Thinking due to the couple variables of (Gender - Branch).3. The level of Methods of processing information for the Smart Thinkers for Secondary Schools ' Students. 4. Statistically significant differences in methods of processing information due to the couple variables of (Gender - Branch).5. The relationship between Smart Thinking and methods of processing information for students of secondary schools.6. Contribution methods of processing information in Smart Thinking.The current research is determined in students of fourth grade in secondary school (morning Study) for both Branches (Scientific & Literary One) for schools that belong to Directorates of Education Karkh I in Baghdad Governorate for the academic years (2014 - 2015) For the purpose of achieving the objectives of Thesis , Researcher relies on the following : • Building smart thinking component of (60 items ) as the final paragraph, the researcher has extracted a measure of validity and reliability.• Adopting a Scale (1981, Schmeck) which is translated by by (Hamadi, 1997) for methods of information processing and is composed of four sub - scales and component of (43 items), the researcher has extracted a measure of validity and reliability. The researcher applies smart thinking measurement on the research sample amounting to scale (500) students were chosen stratified in random way then she applied the methods of information processing scale to students of thinking smart, which numbered (153 students) from the original research sample.The researcher found the following results : 1. The Preparatory fourth grade students have smart thinking.2. Female smart thinking enjoy a much higher degree than males.3. Scientific branch students enjoy thinking and much higher degree of smart literary Branch students.4. The Preparatory fourth grade students who have smart thinking are characterized by possessing methods of information processing.5. The lack of statistically significant differences among students in the fourth grade Preparatory of males and females in the methods of information processing.6. The lack of statistically significant differences among students in the fourth grade Preparatory of both scientific and literary branches in the methods of information processing.7. The presence of correlation between the methods of information processing and smart thinking.8. Contribute methods of information processing statistically significant contribution to addressing in smart thinking. In light of these results the researcher put forward a number of recommendations including : • The need to help students acquire methods information processing to suit modern requirements and to achieve the required smart thinking better level.• Increased interest in the educational system in the processing of students on the basis of how to think , and how to organize information. The researcher put forward a number of proposals including : • Conducting a comparison study on a sample of students (National School, Non - Governmental schools).• Conducting a study on methods of information processing and its relation to Cognitive beliefs.
Summary:
References:

التفكير التسلطي وعلاقته بعامل الشخصية (المحافظ - الراديكالي) لدى رؤساء الاقسام العلمية في الجامعة == Authoritarian Thinking And Its Relationship With Personal Factor Conservative - Radical) With Heads Scientific Departments In Universities

Author name: هاله رحيم عطية
Supervisor name: محمد سعود صغير الشمري
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: نجد من الصعب، ان تسير العملية التعليمية بشكلها الصحيح في اجواء تسودها حب السيطرة وفرض القرارات، وعدم المناقشة، والخوف، كما هو الحال لدى ذوي التفكير التسلطي في تعاملهم مع من هم اقل درجة منهم , وفي المقابل يكون على الطرف الاخر الاذعان والرضوخ والخوف وقتل ر | We find it really hard to walk the correct form of the educational process in an atmosphere dominated by love of control, impose decision ,lack of discussion and fear as the case with those who have the authoritarian - minded in dealing with those who are less degree of them, in return, the other side should be submission ,fear, and killing the spirit of creativity.Sometimes the condition experienced by human whether his own family upbringing or as a result of the conditions of society and its problems and fluctuations make him used to a certain pattern in his life does not depart from it perhaps out of fear of a result cant be tolerate or respect for the footsteps of their biggest in terms of customs, traditions, religion and thinking, while we find the owners of preservative personality in the contrast of the liberal person , who is more open, accepting the new, acceptance of modern views with the desire to get rid of restrictions and the unequal submit to the conditions of the usual and respect for the rights and values of work and equality between people regardless of considerations of sex, religion, profession and respect the right of others to choose the life style and behavior and accept mans rights in leadership and progress without assessing the progress of his right or even if they disagree with the view of the man himself or community.It is no doubt that the progress and development sought by man to achieve happiness depends on the pattern of thinking practiced by man in his daily life and dealing with the various issues and things , authoritarian thinking is an obstacle in the way of sound thinking because the owners of authoritarian thinking do not believe in borders either be with or against (white or black), does not tolerate other and limiting tolerance with their supporters in opinion and thought and thus create an atmosphere infused with fear ,submission and kill the spirit of innovation and experimentation and innovation in place that controlled by this type of thinking and this is incompatible with the laws of healthy life.Knowing the properties of people with different types of thinking if it was a relable basic in accurate predicting in types of thinking that are done by those people that differs in metal abilities and different ways of thinking in facing different situations.The individuals with personal conservative and radical have influence in dealing with the around them of individuals or group of people because of what they have of ideas and beliefs about things they believe in and the desire of applying it in various fields of life. thanks to likert for rumor this concept of the psychological heritage in his famous book on the measurement of trends which was released in 1932.as promised radical - conservatism (liberation) of vital topics in cognitive psychology and social. As for conservatives personality tends to maintaining the existing conditions or which used to exist it has the opposition to change opinion and religious beliefs, this kind of personality has thinking , behavior and personal character of appeasement. conservative people tend to be clinging to their beliefs and attitudes and find it really difficult to change, they prefer to deal with things that are proven and reliable ,tends to be traditional in their behavior, tend to accept the authority and respect it. they are stubborn in their ways and not irritable emotional response(costa&widiger,1994,3) liberals tend to be not restricted by law permanently and to look on the possibility of development and change. They prefer mysterious attitudes ,they love renewal change in work and life they are open - minded and mentally enjoy flexibly through their dealings with different positions.The current research aimed to identify the : 1 - authoritarian thinking among heads scientific departments.2 - radical - conservative personal factor among heads of scientific departments in universities.3 - the relationship between authoritarian thinking and the conservative - radical personal factor at the heads of scientific departments in universities.4 - the difference in relationship between authoritarian thinking and radical - conservative personal factor with heads scientific departments according to : - variable specialization(scientific - humanist) - variable service(long - short).The current study identified the heads of scientific department in universities for the year(2013 - 2014)the two scales was applied on the research sample which are (430)heads departments were selected randomly ,in order to achieve the goals of this research ,the research built a scale of authoritarian thinking and personal scale factor(radical - coservative)after determing the theoretical and identify areas that make up the authoritarian thinking and personal factor (radical - conservative) ,this scale of authoritarian thinking included 37 paragraph debloyed between four areas and the personal factor scale included (42)paragraph deployed.It was checked of its sacrometerian properties through getting the honesty and honesty of building as for the stableness , it was for both scale in re - tasting ,for authoreterian thinking it was (0,83)and personal factor personality (conservative - radical)(0,85).After processing the data statistically current research found the following result : 1. the heads of departments do not have the authoritarian thinking.2. the heads departments do not have conservative personalities they are radical.3. There is relationship between authoriterian thinking and personsl factor (conservative - radical) but its weak.4. there is no difference in relationship between authoritarian thinking and (radical - conservative)
Summary:
References:

التوقعات المستقبلية وعلاقتها بقوة السيطرة المعرفية لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية == Future Expectations And Their Relation To Cognitive Holding Power In Students Of Preparatory Stage

Author name: نورا حازم جواد
Supervisor name: لمياء ياسين زغير الركابي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: At present time, the world is witnessing un preceded change in considering future. As it is one of the things that form the major part of the challenge encountering societies. This situation requires a good knowledge about the abilities of society's members in order to make aims suitable to these members' abilities. Our success and our failure and the tasks we are to implement, all, depend on our being optimistic or pessimistic. The variety and abundance of capacities are not enough to achieve success in daily life, also, they are not enough to reach future ambitions, un less we have the suitable and enough amount of optimism. Each of us has his own problems that need effective and inventive solutions. This obliges us to use high0 order cognitive procedures suitable to resolve these problems. We need to have two types of cognitive Holding power (CHP) which is a learner's situation emerges from promoting learning position to the level of using cognitive procedures of first or second order. The first order of cognitive Holding power refers to a learner's position which entails their following regulations and qualitative procedures which the teacher chooses. As to the second order of cognitive Holding power, it refers a learner's positions which entails their performing their work by themselves and engage in the activities which require using different conceptions to discover strategies and solve all problems encountering the different learning situations. Preparatory level represents an important stage in individual's life because it is a basis from which he set out to study in college And to choose his scientific and professional future in accordance with the student's abilities in order to be scientifically qualified to serve their society in all aspects of life. So, because of the significance of the preparatory stage, all requirements which develop student's experience and skills should be fulfilled in cognitive holding power and all domains. Therefore the present research aimed to define the following points : 1 - Future expectations in students of preparatory stage (optimism - pessimism). 2 - Cognitive Holding power in students of preparatory stage 3 - The relationship between future expectations and the orders of Cognitive Holding power in students of preparatory school. 4 - The difference in relationship between future expectations and the orders of Cognitive Holding power according to the variable of gender (male - female). 5 - The difference in relationship between future expectations and the orders of Cognitive Holding power according to the variable of branch (scientific - literary). In order to achieve the aims of the research, two devices were used : the first future expectations measure which was constructed by the researcher. The researcher made sure of the validity of the measure by presenting it to many experts. After that the items were collected and analyzed. Then, the validity and the reliability of the measure were checked the final measure consists of (24) items the other measure was of Cognitive Holding power and the researcher adopted Stevenson's measure which consists two orders of Cognitive Holding power, the first order (FOCHP) and second order (SOCHP). This measure consists of (30) items. The validity and the liability of the measure were checked. The sample of the researcher consists of (400) students (male and female) in preparatory stage from AL - Karkh third directorate of educational. The students were randomly chosen. The research came up with the following findings : 1 - Students of preparatory stage have optimistic Future expectations; they are not affected by the standing situation.2 - The middle school students look alike in the level of thinking while they are in the learning environments are similar3 - The variable of future expectations is positively related to the variable of Cognitive holding power. 4 - There are no statistically significant differences between future expectations and Cognitive holding power (CHP) according to the gender variable (male - female). 5 - here are no statistically significant differences between future expectations and the first - order Cognitive holding power according to the gender variable. 6 - There are no statistically significant differences between future expectations and the second - order Cognitive holding power according to the gender variable. 7 - the specialty variable is not statistically significant on the two measure of the present research. In the light of the research findings many recommendations and suggestions were presented
Summary:
References:

الايحاء الذاتي وعلاقته بالتفكير الاستراتيجي لدى ادارات المدارس == The Autosuggestion And Its Relation With The Strategic Thinking Of School Leaderships

Author name: نور محمد جمعة العقابي
Supervisor name: غسان حسين سالم
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الايحاء الذاتي وعلاقته بالتفكير الاستراتيجي لدى ادارات المدارس) ويهدف هذا البحث تعرف : 1 - الايحاء الذاتي لدى ادارات المدارس.2 - دلالة الفروق في الايحاء الذاتي وفق متغيرات البحث المستقلة( النوع,العمر,المنصب ,الخدمة) 3 - التفكير الاستراتيجي لدى ادارات المدا | The present study aims at finding out : 1. The autosuggestion of the school leaderships.2. The difference in the autosuggestion according to the following variables : gender, age, the yeas of service, office (headmaster, co headmaster).3. The strategic thinking of the school leaderships.4. The difference in the strategic thinking according to the following variables : gender, age, the yeas of service, official title (headmaster, co headmaster).5. The relation between the autosuggestion (dependent variable) and Strategic thinking (independent variable). 6. The contribution of the strategic thinking (independent variable) in predicting with the autosuggestion (dependent variable) of the school leaderships.For finding out the aims, the researcher has constructed two scales, the first for autosuggestion and the second for strategic thinking. The validity and reliability of the scales have verified by statistical analysis sample that is (400). The sample has selected according to the stratified sampling method from two administrations from Baghdad governorate( Karkh\2 and Alrusafa\3).The results show that : 1. The school leaderships have autosuggestion.2. There are no statistically significant differences in autosuggestion according to the gender, age, and official title (headmaster, co headmaster), while there are statistically significant differences in autosuggestion according to the years of service and the difference in favor of (21).3. The school leaderships have strategic thinking.4. There are no statistically significant differences in strategic thinking according to the gender, age, years of service and official title (headmaster, co headmaster).5. There is relation between the autosuggestion (dependent variable) and strategic thinking (independent variable).6. The strategic thinking (independent variable) contributes in predicting with the autosuggestion (dependent variable) of the school leaderships.administering the scales on the pilot study sample According to the results the researcher gives the following recommendations : 1. Make use of the self - suggestion and strategic thinking scales by the specialist of the field as tools for identifying the self - suggestion and strategic thinking for another type of samples.2. Open extra - institutions for preparing efficient educational leaders for the Iraqi schools. These institutions aim at providing high quality educational leaders with special theoretical and practical preparations.The study comes with the following suggestions : 1. Studying the relationship between the self - suggestion and other variables such as : personality traits, job satisfaction, mindfulness, and the educational leading ability. 2. Studying the correlation between the strategic thinking and each of mental fatigue and the professional pressure. 3. Extending the present study into other samples
Summary:
References:

العبء المعرفي وعلاقته بالاتجاه نحو الهجرة لدى طلبة الجامعة == Mental Strain And Its Relationship With The Attitude Towards The Immigration Of The University Students

Author name: نسرين علي عبد الحسن الجيلاوي
Supervisor name: خلود رحيم عصفور
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: the appearance and increasing of the young immigration within 2015, the researcher intuition as a mother and part of the society, and the role of the psychological attitude in enabling the individual to make decision, in the light of all the above come up the need for studying this problem.The study aims at finding out : 1. The mental strain of the study sample.2. The differences in mental strain of the study sample according tothe gender, specification, the university, the study (private, not private), and if they have immigrated friends or relatives out of theIraq.3. The study sample attitudes towards immigration.4. The study sample levels of attitudes towards immigration.5. The differences in the sample attitudes towards immigration according to the gender, specification, the university, the study "private, not private", and if they have immigrated friends or relatives out of the Iraq.6. The relationship between the mental strain and the sample attitudes towards immigration.The mental strain is the direct influence of the mental fatigue that depends on the individual habits in facing pressures.The attitude towards the immigration is the extend of the preceding acceptance of the university students to immigrate the home and live out for long or short period after reaching complete conviction and insisting.The random stratified sampling method is used to select (300) students of (9) colleges from the university of Baghdad and the college of Dijala.For verifying the study aims the (GHQ - 12) scale has been translated to measure the cognitive load and a scale of attitude towards immigration has been constructed according to Osgood method. The validity and reliability of the scales have been ensured.After analyzing the data statistically, the results show that : 1. Decrease the mental strain of the study sample and decrease the level of anxiety, depression, and lack in trust, but there is an increase in the level of social difficulties.2. There are no statistically significant differences in the mental strain, its dimensions and the independent variables (gender, specification, the university, the study "private, not private", and if they have immigrated friends). However, there arestatistically significant differences according to the study type in the favor of not private universities.3. There are negative attitudes towards the immigration out the Iraq.4. Only (22%) of the sample have high attitude toward theimmigration and (78%) do not show clear attitude towards the immigration.5. There are no statistically significant differences in the study sample attitudes towards the immigration according to the independent variables.6. There is no relationship between the mental strain and attitudes towards the immigration out the Iraq.According to the results several suggestions and recommendations set forwards.
Summary:
References:

عسر القراءة وعلاقته بالصمت الاختياري لدى التلاميذ ذوي صعوبات التعلم في المرحلة الابتدائية

Author name: نداء عباس مطیر
Supervisor name: رنا عبد المنعم كریم العباسي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Difficulties of learning represent one of the problems that many individuals suffer from during their growth stage. Children who suffer from some of these difficulties possess abilities that cover weaknesses in their performance, for instance, they can tell wonderful stories, though they could not write. They could succeeded in performing very complex skills, even though they fail in following simple instructions. They seem like normal people, but they suffer from serious difficulties in learning some skills in school. Some of them cannot learn reading, some are disable of learning writing, and still others commit frequent errors and confront real difficulties in learning mathematics. Because these children succeeded in learning some skills and fail in learning other skills, they have a variance in their learning abilities. This variance is found between achievement and intelligence. Accordingly, experts indicate that the main distinguished problem in learning difficulties is the difference between performance and ability (Al - Khateeb, 1997 : 7).One of the difficulties addressed by the current research is the difficulty in reading (dyslexia), which is defined as the difficulty of the child ability and his disability in understanding words apart from defects in pronunciation.Dyslexia has caused the child many psychological and social problems. Some of these problems is the (volitional silence) which is regarded as one of the personal and behavioral disorders that impede the child from practicing his normal life and cope with the environment in which he lives. To the extent that the child refuses to speak in certain situations, although he speaks in others. Sometimes a child may be isolated or introverted.In order to know the relationship between dyslexia and volitional silence, the researcher has put forward a number of objectives : 1 - Dyslexia of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage.2 - Volitional silence of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage.3 - The differences in dyslexia of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage according to gender (male/female).4 - The differences in volitional silence of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage according to gender (male/female).5 - The relationship between dyslexia and volitional silence of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage.6 - The relationship between dyslexia and volitional silence of students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage according to gender (male/female).7 - The prevalence of dyslexia among students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage.8 - The prevalence of volitional silence among students who have difficulty in learning in primary stage.In order to achieve these objectives, there must be psychological scales for measuring the variables of the study, consequently, the researcher has adopted Davis scale (Davis, 1992) for dyslexia and Elis scale (Elis, 2008) for measuring volitional silence. The researcher has translated, adapted the two scales in line with the Iraqi environment and elicited the psychometric properties of the two scales.The two scales have been administered on a sample consists of (348) male and female students. They are chosen by using the randomcategorical method from students who suffer from difficulty in learning in the primary stage.The results are as follows : 1 - Students who have difficulty in learning suffer from dyslexia too much.2 - Students who have difficulty in learning suffer from volitional silence in general.3 - There are statistically significant differences in dyslexia according to gender for the benefit of males.4 - There are statistically significant differences in volitional silence according to gender for the benefit of males.5 - There is no correlational relationship between dyslexia and volitional silence.6 - There is no correlational relationship between dyslexia and volitional silence according to gender (the relation is statistically insignificant).7 - The rate of prevalence of dyslexia among students who have difficulty in learning is (16%), that is about (63) students from the total number of participants.8 - The rate of prevalence of volitional silence among students who have difficulty in learning is (21%), that is about (81) students from the total number of participants.In the light of the afore - mentioned results, the researcher has put forward a number of recommendations and suggestions for further studies.
Summary:
References:

فاعلية برنامج ليبمان لفلسفة الاطفال في تعليم التفكير عند تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية == Effecthvenes Program Lipman Of Teaching Thinking Skilles For Primary School Students

Author name: ميعاد غافل حمادي الهاشمي
Supervisor name: وحيدة حسين علي الركابي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يفرض القرن الحادي والعشرين متغيرات جديدة وعالم سريع التغير تغزو فيه المعرفة والتكنلوجيا مفاصل الحياة العامة وتطورات كبيرة في المجالات جميعها، وهذه التطورات ينبغي مواكبتها اسوة بالمجتمعات الغربية التي سبقتنا في مجالات التطور، الامر الذي دعا الى التركيز حول | The twenty first century imposes new changes and a rapidly changing world in which knowledge and technology covered all aspects of public life as well as giant developments in all fields. These developments must be coped with as it had been done by western societies who had preceded us in progress spheres, the thing that urged to focus on the ways of the thinking teaching. All this laid on education further essential and important burdens. Therefore, educational institutions must not only provide information but they also teach the ways of teaching to deal with various fields of life, and they must not turn the minds of learners into stores of knowledge, but they have to provide them with the keys to those stores and teach them how to utilize these information when needed.Reasoning thinking is considered as one of the advanced methods of thinking, and it is regarded one of the bases of knowledge development and intellectual progress. Logical processes help the individual to reach new conclusions of knowledge. When mind operates the reasoning process, it passes through steps similar to those of the scientific approach till reaching theories and laws. In reasoning, the individual gets the characteristics of the attitude depending on his previous experiences.This research aims at : Knowing the validity of a teaching - learning program lipman of teaching thinking skills for primary school students. The research sample consisted of (30) forth - primary - year students from the secand general directorate of education of Baghdad - Russafa (for the academic year 2014 - 2015). They were divided into an experimental and control groups after checking the variables of (intelligence, age, academic level of both father and mother, the marks obtained by the students and their general level). The researcher applied the test of the thinking skills which contien (16) queshins and for skills its (classifcayes,concolosun,comparative and askeds) ,to developed thiking skills of primary school student (forth class) and the psychometric characteristics were obtained for both of them. Then, the test and the program were applied successively on the research sample.The research tried to verify the following hypotheses1 - There are differences of statistical indication at the level (0.05) in thinking skills between the pre and post texts of the control group.2 - There are differences of statistical indication between the pre and post tests at the level (0.05) in thinking skills of the experimental group.3 - There are differences of statistical indication at the level (0.05) in thinking skills of the per and post test for both the experimental and control groups.4 - There are differences of statistical indication at the level (0.05) in thinking skills of the per and the reprived tests for the experimental group in the test of thinking.In order to verify the results of the research non - parametric statistical methods were used, and the outcomes showed that there were statistically indicating differences between the experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group and as follows : 1 - Accepting the zero hypothesis and rejecting the alternative hypothesis as the counted value was (3,432) and it was more than the (25) table value.2 - Rejecting the zero hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis as the counted was (36) and it was less than the (25) table value.3 - Rejecting the zero hypyhesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis as the counted value reached (0) which was less than the table value that reached (56).4 - Rejecting the zero hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis as the counted value reached (0,83) which was more than the criterion value of (0,60).In the light of the results, the researcher submitted a number of recommendations and suggestions
Summary:
References:

كشف الذات وعلاقتها بالشخصية غير المكتملة لدى طلبة الجامعة == Self - Recognition And It’S Relation To Uncompleted Personality For With University Students

Author name: ميسون علي حسن كاظم الزبيدي
Supervisor name: زهرة ماهود مسلم
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على : 1 - كشف الذات لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد.2 - الموازنة في كشف الذات لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد وفق المتغيرات الاتية : ا. النوع (ذكور واناث )‌ب. التخصص (علمي وانساني)3 - الشخصية غير المكتملة لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد.4 - الموازنة في الشخصي | The research aim to as below : 1. Defines self - awareness for Baghdad university students.2. The Balance in self - awareness according to the following changes : a - type (male or female).b - specialty (science or human science ).3 - defines uncompleted personality in students of Baghdad university The Balance in incomplete personality according to the following changes : - type (male or female).b - specialty (science or human science ).c - recognize the contributory percentage of incomplete personality (independent variable) in self - awareness (dependent variable ).to achieve this goals the researcher has applied measurements in both self - awareness and incomplete personality measurement in sample reached (500) university students , had chosen randomly from six colleges in Baghdad university after ensuring of measurement and their stability.after data treatment statically using T - test for one sample and two future samples , Correlation coefficient , Cronbach alpha equation , ‎Kurtosis , ‎Graphic analysis Two - way analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis.in light of what had reached from results it could conclude the following : that students of Baghdad university have self - awareness.There is no different between male and female in self - awareness , also no differences between science and human sciences in self - recognition.University of Baghdad students have incomplete personality.No differences between males and females in incomplete personality.Furthermore no differences between science and human sciences of incomplete personality.The incomplete personality as independent variable contributing to dependent variable of self - awareness and have inverse relationship means as incomplete personality increased there was decrease in self - awareness and vice versa.Recommendations. In the view of findings that research reached ,we recomlkmend the researcher by fellow : ? Working on apply a guidance scientific programs to work on scientific researches to decrease processing of unacceptable self - awareness and contacting incomplete personality. ? Current research shows that incomplete personality in contributing of self - awareness so we recommend the researcher to build personal researcher units and in guider centers that exist in private universities.? Make committee and workshops between instructors and university students about self - awareness and incomplete personality subjects. SuggestionsAs a Completing of sides that concern to this research , researcher suggests that : ? Make a similar studies to this research on many variances of social and levels and another scholastics grades ? Make a study involves a treatment program to treat students that have highly statement in incomplete personality.
Summary:
References:

دراسة مقارنة في الميول القرائية بين المستقلين وغير المستقلين نفسيا عن الوالدين من طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية == A Comparative Study In Reading Interests Between Independents And - Dependents Psychologically From Parents Of Preparatory School Students

Author name: ميثاق عيسى عبد الحسين الذهبي
Supervisor name: ماجدة هليل شغيدل العلي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اثبتت بحوث العلوم التربوية والنفسية ان الرغبات والميول والاتجاهات نحو القراءة تظهر في سن مبكرة من حياة الفرد، وتنضج في سن المراهقة ( مرحلة الدراسة الاعدادية ) التي تعد مرحلة الاقبال على القراءة وعلى تحديد ميول الفرد القرائية، بل كثيرا ما تحدد شخصيته كلها | Researches of educational and psychology sciences have explained that reading propensities and orientations. Only appear in the adolescence stage of life as this stage is considered to be the stage of interest in reading and the stage that determines the individual's reading orientations, rather , it forms in most cases his personality. Individuals very in the independence traits they have. The dependent behavior is remarkable in our society in young people. We can see it in family, at work or in learning. This dependence deprives the adolescent of the freedom of acquaintance even at a simple level. The problem becomes worse when individuals continue depending on those who are elder them. For the mentioned reasons, this study conducted a comparison in reading propensities between psychologically parents - independent individuals and psychologically parents - dependent individuals in students of preparatory school. The significance of this study can be summarized in the following points : 1 - In the scientific aspects The dealing with the two variable of the study (reading interests and psychological independence from parents) has it's scientific and theoretical importance for it explain the nature of comparing reading Interests between psychologically independents and Psychologically dependents from parents. And because this study is the first of it's type. As for as the researcher know and the scientific explanation of this study would reduce the dependence on researches conducted on other societies which differ from Iraqi society in their social phenomena comparison. 2 - In practical aspect : The results of this research will practical and applied type. It's findings will induce the educational institutions to do more in order to discover the causes of being in reading Interests and refraining from. 3 - The significance at the level of strategy and planning : the strategic importance of this research and it's significance at the level of planning are represented by what findings it reaches and by what it recommends and suggests. The findings of this research would help in lay out strategies of educational institutions. The research aimed at the following objects : 1 - Reading interests in students of preparatory school. 2 - Psychological independence from parents in students of preparatory school. 3 - The difference in Psychological independence from parents in students of preparatory school according to the variable of gender (male - females). 4 - The difference in reading interests between psychological dependent and independent students from parents of students preparatory school. 5 - The difference in reading interests between psychological dependent and independent students from parents of male students of preparatory school. 6 - The difference in reading interests between psychological dependent and independent students from parents of students female preparatory school. The researcher sample included (400) students (200) male (200) female they were chosen randomly from eight schools of Baghdad directorate of education / Rasafa 3 for the year (2013 - 2014). In order to achieve the aims of the present research, the researcher adopted reading interests scale (Addai and atia , 2008) and after analyzing the items by the relation of the item degree to the total degree of the measure. The final from of the measure involved (25) items.two kinds of validities were used : the apparent validity and validity of construction. The coefficient of reliability of reading interests was (0.73). This was conducted by Cronbach's Alpha. As for the re - test, the coefficient of reliability was (0.78). As for the second variable of the present research (the psychological independence from parents), the researcher construct a measure for the psychological independence from parents making used Hoffman's measure (1984). After conducting a statistical analysis on the measure items, the items which are not distinctive were dropped out. So the final form of the measure was consisted of (36) items. The researcher elicited the coefficient of reliability by Cronbach's Alpha (0.86) and re - test method (0.89). Two groups were taken (psychological dependent and independent from parents) for comparison in reading interest by using extreme comparison. The sample was divided into two groups, and then the two groups were compared with each other. The findings of the study : 1 - Students of preparatory school have reading interest. 2 - Students of preparatory school either were weakening, or, lack psychological independence from their parents. 3 - There is a statistically significant difference in independence from parents according to gender (male - female) favor of males.4 - There is a statistically significant in reading interests between psychological dependent and independent from parents of students preparatory school favor of the psychological independents from parents. 5 - There is a statistically significant in reading interests between psychological dependent and independents from parents of male students preparatory school favor of the psychological independents from parents. 6 - There is a statistically significant in reading interests between psychological dependent and independents from parents of female students preparatory school favor of the psychological independents from parents. At the end of the study, the researcher put for word recommendations and suggestion on the basis of the findings of his research.
Summary:
References:

التفكير الدوكماتي وعلاقته بالانطواء وتقدير الذات عند طلبة جامعة بغداد == Aldokmati Thinking And Its Relationship Balantoa And Self - Esteem When Students Of The University Of Baghdad

Author name: منى رحمن عبد الله الخالدي
Supervisor name: امل كاظم ميرة
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: شهد العالم ومنه مجتمعنا العربي تغيرات كبيرة نتيجة التقدم العلمي الهائل الذي ولد ثورة معلوماتية تناقلها الافراد في مختلف انحاء العالم عبر شبكة الانترنت، تركت اثارا بالغة العمق في تفكيرهم وتوجهاتهم على الرغم من الخصوصيات التي تتميز بها المجتمعات من حيث اطا | The world has seen and from our Arab significant changes as a result of scientific progress tremendous Born information revolution circulated individuals around the world via the Internet, have left traces extreme depth on their thinking and attitudes in spite of idiosyncrasies that characterize the communities in terms of their cultural, social and nature of education systems where, However, there were some aspects of transformation and change in various areas of life that had a direct impact on the construction of intellectual individuals, and which is no doubt that human beings look alike in respects morphological and biological see them disagree intellectually, everyone has ideas and values, especially distinguish it from others.This represents a problem in the building society, so what if the exposure of students to this case and in particular they are considered an important segment in any society, reliable in building a promising future, and is the mainstay of development, hence crystallized the problem of current research to find out whether students Aldokmati own thinking or not? The following specific questions : Is there a thought Dokmati when university students? Do you think the owners Aldokmati suffer from autism? Do you think the owners Aldokmati estimate them with high or low?.The importance of research is concentrated in that he addressed the university students who are educated class - conscious, as is the undergraduate stage study important and vital Situated in the educational ladder, and is responsible in the number of frames of human education to supplement the community members are complementary, Thinking Aldokmati have negative consequences on the individual and society, therefore, the scarcity of studies that dealt with Iraq this important segment of society and knowledge level of thinking Aldokmati then make the necessary attention to this aspect and study. Based on the foregoing objectives of the present research identified the following : 1. You know when you think Aldokmati university students. 2. You know statistically significant differences in thinking Aldokmati when university students according to gender and specialty.3. You know the level of convergence when university students.4. You know the level of self - esteem when university students. 5. disclosure of the relationship between thinking and all of Aldokmati introverted, self - esteem. In light of these objectives researcher identified a set of hypotheses seeks to statistically tested. To achieve the objectives of this study were prepared researcher gauges thinking Aldokmati introverted and self - esteem, as they meet the psychometric properties of reliability and validity, the research sample was selected from colleges, scientific and humanitarian affiliated to the University of Baghdad, and the way stratified random regular, reaching a sample based metrics (400) student and student, and applied them in successive measurements, the sample application has reached the final (300) students by (150) males and specialization (scientific - inhumane), and (150) females and specialization (scientific - inhumane). To investigate the objectives of the study addressed the researcher data statistically and found the following : For the first goal : they used the test t - sample one to know thinking Aldokmati when university students, reaching the value of T calculated (29.134), and this means that the degree of students above grade average theoretical , which confirms that they have to think Aldokmati. The second goal has been achieved through the use of analysis of variance showed the result of bilateral and there were no statistically significant differences in key variables (sex - specialization). The third objective : Use the t - test for one sample to know when introverted university students who have Dokmati thinking, since the calculated value of T (25,939), and this means that the degree of students score higher than the theoretical average, which confirms that they have introverted behavior. The fourth goal : Use the test t - sample one to know self - esteem when university students who own thinking Dokmati, reaching the value of T calculated (16,166), and this means that the degree of students' higher degree average theoretical, which confirms that they have appreciated the same. The fifth goal : achieved through : 1 - Pearson correlation coefficient to find a relationship between the scores of students in thinking Aldokmati and grades in convergence, the results showed that the value of the correlation coefficient is (0184), which is greater than the value of the correlation coefficient table - driven, and this confirms the existence of a correlation positive function, ie, the greater the thinking Aldokmati increased convergence when university students. 2 - Pearson correlation coefficient to find a relationship between the scores of students in thinking Aldokmati and grades in self - esteem, the results showed that the value of the correlation coefficient is (0153), which is greater than the value of the correlation coefficient table - driven, and this confirms the existence of a correlation positive function, ie, the greater the thinking Aldokmati increased self - esteem when university students. Depending on the results of this research, the researcher developed a set of recommendations and proposals
Summary:
References:

الحوار الفعال وعلاقته ببعض سمات الشخصية لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد == The Effective Dialogue And Its Relationship To Some Personality Traits Among The Students Of The University Of Baghdad

Author name: منى اياد هاشم
Supervisor name: زهرة ماهود مسلم
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Educational Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تزداد حاجة شبابنا الى الحوار الفعال في وقتنا الحاضر وذلك بسبب طبيعة العصر الذي نعيشه , اذ كثرت فيه مخاطر الغزو الفكري والثقافي فضلا عن ذلك تتاكد الحاجة الى الحوار بين افراد المجتمع لمواجهة كثير من قضايا المجتمع المعاصر في الميادين المختلفة سياسيا واجتماع | Our youth need to increase the effective and the activated dialogue at the present time because of the nature of the time in which we live , as the risks of intellectual and cultural invasion are being abounded.In addition to , the need to the dialogue is being confirmed and ensured , as well , between the members of the community " the citizens " so as to confront many of the issues of the modern society in various spaces such as the politically, the socially economically, culturally and the religiously fields.Meanwhile , The absence of effective dialogue or rejecting it will lead to many critical negatives such as the social and the cultural isolation as well as may cause coup inertia besides the ignoring of the mental abilities and may lead to be absent among others.Furthermore , we may face , during the Attributes dialog , unexpected interlocutors which may cause a tension between one of the two participants in the dialogue.As the difference in the dialogue is basically emerged from the differences in the characteristics of individuals , even if all the individuals are being agreed in the features , there will not be any need for the dialogue.The importance of the effective dialogue as it's being the most significant foundations of the social life and as one of the most importance and the most necessary one , as well , It's considered , additionally , one of the means for the individual in order to express his needs and desires in the same time. As well as , the effective dialogue is a means to raise the development of ideas and the experiences to be prepared for submitting.This Thesis aims to the following below : - 1. To identify the effective dialogue among the students of the University of Baghdad. 2. To identify some personal impressions like (harmony , the emotional stability, the control , the openness to the process of change , the mental satisfactory , then the consciousness). For the students of the University of Baghdad. 3. To identify the relationship between the effective dialogue and some of the personal impressions among the students of the University of Baghdad. 4. To Identify the rate of contribution for each personality traits " harmony , emotional stability, control , openness to change , mental competence and the conscience" " independent variables" in the effective dialogue (the dependent variable) among the students of the University of Baghdad.For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the Thesis , the researcher establishes two measurements to measure (the effective dialogue) and to measure , as well , the scale for (some personal impressions) , and after proving and making sure of the sincerity , the firmness and the powering discriminatory paragraphs which is applied and executed on the sample of (500) students , as university students were chosen a random way , with an equal distribution and by (8) colleges divided by four faculties scientific and four Humanitarian faculties from University of Baghdad. After the processing of the data statistically by depending and using samples T - Test for one sample , and the samples T - Test for two independent samples, as well as by relying on Pearson correlation coefficient, and the coefficient of Alvakronbach correlation coefficient ,in addition to the multiple regression analysis , the sprains, as well as the kurtosis, and the process of analysis for trio variance.This Thesis has reached to the following below results : First : In connected with the first aim : It's appeared that the sample of the research from university students have effective dialogue. Second : Regarding to the second aim : The results have showed that the sample of the research from the university students have features that Find all. Thirdly : Regarding to the third aim : - Results have showed the presence of statistically significant positive relationship between the effective dialogue and some of the personal impressions for the sample in a complete manner. Fourth : In connected with the fourth goal : - The results have showed that all the features and the charactestics that Thesis has dealt with have contributed and participated to the prediction of the effective dialogue for members of the research sample.In the light of the findings and the results of this Thesis , the researcher has offered number recommendations and suggestions : They are as below : The Recommendations : 1. Updating the curricula and teaching methods in the universities for the purpose of Undergraduate design activities and experiences as well that may participate in encouraging the development of the effective dialogue among the students of that University stage.2. Holding educational seminars , training courses and seminars talk for the university students. The Suggestions : - 1. Making and depending a study on the effective dialogue, and other psychological variables such as the creation , the academic achievement , the convergent and divergent thinking the social supporting and the styles of the leadership. 2. Making and depending similar studies for this research on the social strata and various or different professional and other stages of the study
Summary:
References:
1 ... 33 34 35 36 37 ... 74