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تاثـير بـعـض الـعوامل الـبـيـئـية عـلى نمـو الاحياء الدقيقة في بعض القاعات الانتاجية لمصنع ادوية سامراء == The Effect of Some Ecological Factors On The Growth of Microorganisms In Some Production Units In Sammara Drug Industry (SDI)

Author name: خالد محمد عباس

Supervisor name: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: تم دراسة الظروف الطبيعية الموجودة في القاعات الانتاجية لمصنع ادوية سامراء من خلال العوامل البيئية التي شملت الحرارة، والرطوبة النسبية. وشدة الاضاءة واعداد حجم الدقائق العالقة في الهواء وتاثيرها على الاحياء المجهرية الموجودة في القاعات الانتاجية حيث تم اخذ | The natural environmental conditions existing in the production units of Sammara drug company have been studied. Environmental factors included, temperature, relative humidity, light intensity as well as number and size of suspended particles in the air. From December 2006 through June 2007. 87 sampling visit was made during which 384 swabs were collected from three production buildings : Ibn - Hayan, Ibn - Sina and Al - Zahrawy. Results showed that at different temperature levels during this study dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony in two buildings Ibn - Hayan and Ibn - Sina, was observed, whereas the dominance of fungal colony over bacterial colony in Al - Zahrawy building was noticed. While the effect of relative humidity on microorganisms showed that in Ibn - Hayan building at low relative humidity (41 - 53%) the dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony whereas the dominance of fungal colony on bacterial colony at relative humidity (53 - 62%). While in Ibn - Sina building bacterial colony dominante fungal colony except at high relative humidity (63 - 73%), where the fungal colony dominance. The same pattern have shown in Al - Zahrawy building at low relative humidity less than 51% while fungal colony exceeded bacterial colony at high relative Humidity. Result of the effect of light intensity showed that the low light intensity have greater effect on fungal colony than bacterial colony this clear in Ibn - Hayan and Ibn - Sina buildings whereas increases in light intensity showed the reverse while the low light intensity in Al - Zahrawy building shown different effects which the dominance of fungal colony over bacterial colony. This perhaps reflects the different species of fungal colony in production units.The effect of the number and the size of 0.3 micron of particulates on bacterial and fungal colony was also examined. It has been noticed that the dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony until the number of particulates 49000/foot3 in Ibn - Hayan building, while fungal colony appeared in most swabs in Ibn - sina building, but dominancy for bacterial colony. While in Al - Zahrawy building the swabs showed clear appearance for fungal colony, but some swabs shown high bacterial growth. The effect of 0.5 micron particulates showed that the dominance of bacterial colony with increased number of particulates in Ibn - Hayan building. The same pattern was shown in Ibn - Sina building, while in Al - Zahrawy building it has been the dominances of bacterial colony until 15000/foot3, but with increase in number fungal colony appear very clear. The following bacteria and fungi were identified during the course of this study; Staphylococcus, E.coli and a low genera of fungi like Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor. It has been shown by the collected swabs that the contamination with bacteria and fungi of drug production units never exceeded the standard limits set by the company except in very rare occasions the high contamination rate occurred in the hands of workers and delivery boxes in Ibn - Sina building.

تقييم بعض المؤشرات المـناعية للتفاعلات الالتهابيـة المتـرافقـة مـع الاصابة بطفيلي الاكياس المائية == Evaluation of Some Immunological Parameters Associated With Echinococcus Grunulosus Infection

Author name: حارث برع حسن علي الاوسي

Supervisor name: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة ديالى وشملت الدراسة 184 عينة من الاشخاص الاكثر تعرضا للاصابة بمرض الاكياس المائية. وبعد الكشف تبين ان 16 منهم تاكدت اصابتهم بالاكياس المائية في كل من الكبد والرئتين (12, 4 مريضا على التوالي) وقد تم تسجيل بعض المعلومات من كل | The present study was carried out in Diyala province, and included 184 samples at risk of infection with hydatid cysts. The diagnosis obtained that there were 16 infectied individual with hydatid cysts in liver and lung (12, 4 patients, respectively). Some information were recorded for each individuals. The study included 24 healthy individuals as control. Immunological test was carried out for each group. The results obtained that the rate of infection was higher in female (4.9%) compared with male (3.8%). The highest rate of infection was in 31 - 40 and 41 - 50 age groups and there was no significant difference among age groups. According to occupation there was no significant difference and the student shepherds were not infected with hydatid cyst. When investigation of risk factor, the result showed that (3.26%) of infected individuals were contact with animals while those who eat vegetables were higher (5.43%). The liver was the first infected organ according to distribution of infection in body follow by lung with 75% and 25% respectively and there was no significant difference. According to cytokines, IL - 4, IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10, the study were higher in infected individuals compared with non infected and there was significant difference at 0.001 p.value. There was no significant difference in means of IL - 4 and MIP - 1? in both sexes but there was significant difference in IL - 17A and IP - 10 between males and females. The study showed that there was significant difference in IL - 4 according to location of infection and it was higher in lung compared with liver. No significant difference in IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10 was shown according to location of infection

دراسة تاثير الملوثات المنبعثة من المركبات على الاشخاص في شوارع مدينة تكريت == Study The Effect of Pollutants Emitted From Vehicales Upon Blood of Workers In Tikrit City Streets

Author name: رغد مقداد محمود الحمداني

Supervisor name: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي | صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: استهدفت الدراسة الحالية التي جرت في شوارع مدينة تكريت قياس تراكيز بعض الغازات المهمة التي تطرحها المركبات الى البيئة وهي احادي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكبريت (CO, CO2, SO2) وكذلك دراسة نوعية مياه الامطار المتساقطة على منطقة ا | The current study which takes place in the main streets of the city of Tikrit, aims at measuring the concentrations of some essential gases which are emitted by the vehicles of the environment. These gases include Monoxide Carbon, Dioxide Carbon and Sulfur Dioxide (CO, CO2, SO2). This study also aims at investigating the quality of rainwaters which are falling on the area of the study, and conducting some biological tests for them. Moreover, this study aims to identify the effect of vehicles productions upon blood physiology and the construction of some persons who are dealing with them. The samples have been collected during September 2010 till May 2011, and then classified in terms of age and duration of exposure. Alsuqoor Village represents the control group. A sample has been collected from healthy, non - smoker males. The concentrations of some polluted gases emitted from exhausted vehicles are identified. They are significantly high in comparison with the control group and during the whole chapters of the study. The highest level of pollution value is recorded by the gases (CO, CO2, SO2) and at (p< 0.05) level in Albasha Street during the Autumn, whereas the lowest value is recorded in Alzuhoor Street, during the Winter ( ). In addition, some of rainwater characteristics have been measured such as, (Ph, electrical m and the amount of plankton in water). The obtained results show that there is a significant decrease in PH concentration and a significant increase in EC concentration. Moreover, results indicate that the highest concentration of the clot material is in Alarbaeen Street ( ) whereas, the lowest concentration is in Alzuhoor Street ( ). The level of some rare elements has been measured in the blood serum of those who are exposed to (lead, cadmium) and in different periods of times. A significant increase is recorded in the levels of those elements, in comparison with the control group (ps 0.05). As for effect of blood components of those who are exposed to pollutants, the concentrations of both (Hb, Pcv) have been decreased with an increase in the concentrations of (the number of red and white cells and ESR) in comparison with the control group at level (P<0.05). It is also noticed that there is a significant increase in the number of the neutral and acidic white blood cells with a significant decrease in the number of the moral white blood cells at the lymph cell, in comparison with the control group. Results also show that there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of each (Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Lipoproteins with low density LDL) with decreased concentrations of (High Density Lipoproteins HDL) whereas, there are no significant difference in the concentrations of (Low density Lipoproteins Very high density VLDL). Concerning the concentrations of (Urea, Uric acid, Kreatenin) there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in comparison with the control group and for all the groups of the study. The pollutants have an effect upon the average number of enzyme in the blood serum. There is a significant increase in the average of the enzymes that carry amino (ALT, AST) an enzyme phosphate in comparison with the control group. The study has also shown a significant increase in the Monoaldehyde level MDA and decrease in the glutathione level, under the effect of various pollutants. It is noticed that the blood components as well as the biochemical variable are greatly affected as the period of exposure extended and these biochemical variables become very great. Therefore, most of the differences are existed in the third group whose ages range between (40 and 49) with 9 years of work, followed by the second group whose ages range between (30 and 39) with 7 years of work. Then comes the first group whose ages range between (20 and 29) with 5 years of work, in comparison with the control group

دراسة وبائية لبعض مسببات الاسهال من الاوالي الطفيلية في المرضى المراجعين لمستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت مع دراسة تجريبية لتاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات Lantana camara عليها في الفئران المختبرية == Epidemiological Study For Some Diarrhea Causes From Parasitism Protozoa For The Patients That Attended General Salahalddin Hospital In Tikrit With Experimental Study For The Effect of Alcoholic Extract From Lantana Camara Plant On It In Experimental Mice

Author name: رواء محمود هاشم

Supervisor name: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من 2010 /11/1 الى 2011/11/1.وتضمنت فحص 1002 عينة من غائط مصابين بالاسهال تراوحت اعمارهم ما بعد الولادة الى اثنتي عشرة سنة من العمر راجعوا مستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت. اشتملت الدراسة على جزءين تمثل الجزء الاول بدراسة وبائية، ت | This study made on the period between (1/11/2010) to (1/11/2011) that included testing (1002) diarrhea patients excrement samples, their ages were between after birth to twelve years that had attended General Salahalddin Hospital.The study included two parts. First epidemiology study, collecting samples and making the laboratory tests that accomplish with 2 methods, the direct method and deposition method to detect the percentage of infected by some parasitism protozoa that cause the diarrhea according to a lot of standards that included, age, sex, class, nature of suckle, number of family members, the source of water, mother education, sequence of the child in his family and the season of infection, the laboratory test assured that from the total (582) , (58.08 %) are infected with parasitism diarrhea compare with other diarrhea cases that was (420) , (41.91%) and reached to the following : - The infection with E.histolytica diarrhea was (492), (%84.5) and infected with G.lamblia diarrhea was (90) , (15.46%). Number of infected males with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows(8.24%)(46.39%) and infected females with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows (7.21%) (46.39%).The highest infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was the ages between (4 - 6)years and the percentage was as follows (4.81%, 29.89%). The highest infection with amebic tissue and G.lamblia parasitism that came from country were (9.10%, 60.82%) also noticed that the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (29.8%, 36.5%) for the children were infected with G.lamblia parasitism. And for children that infected with E.histolytica parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (4.29%, 36.5%). The percentage for infants for the first 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (7.73 %), (41.2%). The percentage for infants above 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (9.10%) , (48.96%) also noticed the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the river is the water source, the percentage were as follows (8.59 %), (51.54%). And the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the pipes system is water source the percentage were as follows (6.87%), (23.98%). the infection were very high with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that lives within crowded families, the percentage was (12.54%), (55.67%). and the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism according to the seasons was dissimilar, and the highest recorded infection with E.histolytica parasitism in winter as follows (35%) and the lowest infection was (11.3%) in summer. Meanwhile the highest infection with G.lamblia parasitism (8.41%) in summer and (1.20%) in autumn.The second part studied the effect of alcoholic extraction from lantana camara plant on growth of E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism on mice. The effect was obvious for the alcoholic extraction for the mentioned plant for all extraction on the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism in general, but the most effectiveness extraction to destroy the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was 1000 mlm/kgm from the alcoholic extraction for the plant lantana camara

دراسة نسجية فسلجية لتاثيرات خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لنبات ورد لسان الثور في فعالية الغدة الدرقية في ذكور الارانب البيض == Histological And Physiological Study On The Effects of Uranyl Acetate And Aqueous Extract of Borogo Officinalis On The Activity of Thyroid Gland In Albino Rabbits

Author name: علا صالح علي الجميلي

Supervisor name: كوكب سليم نجم القيسي | منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة، للتعرف على تاثير خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لورد لسان الثور Borago officinalis (Borage) معا وكلا على انفراد في ما ياتي : - 1 التركيب النسجي للغدة الدرقية. - 2 مستوى هرمون T3و T4وTSH. - 3 معايير الدم (التعداد الكلي لخلايا الدم ال | The aim of this study was to determined the effects of uranyl acetate and aqueous extract of Borago officinalis(Borage) alone or when they are given toghther the following : 1 - The histological structures of the thyroid gland.2 - Serum concentration T4, T3, TSH Hormones.3 - The blood parameters (WBC, PCV, Hb, Platelet and ESR). A total 30 mature males(Albino Rabbit) were used in this study, and their weights were recorded before and after the experiment. Animals were divided into five groups and administrated by using oro - gastric tube and included these following groups : 1 - (G1) which was given drinking water and considered as control group. 2 - (G2) group treated with uranyl acetate which was given orally only (50mg/kg body weight) for one month.3 - Group G3 which was treated with uranyl acetate with the same concentration used in (G2), then just after one hour they were post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage (adose of 5 ml concentration 10%).4 - (G4) group of animals treated with aqueous extract of Borage and adose of 5 ml concentration 10%.5 - (G5)which was pre - treated with uranyl acetate with concentration similar to the dose in (G2) for after one month, then post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage at a dose 5 ml concentration of 10%.At the end of the experiments (one month) blood sample was drawn by heart puncture and then ansethized by using ether, animal were killed and thyroid gland prepare for histological study. The following results were recorded : 1 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the mean of animals weight (G2, G3, G5) while there are no significant differences in the (G4)as compared with G1.2 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of (Hb, PCV) of group G2 where as group G3 showed no significant difference.While group G4 and G5 showed decreased as compared with G1.3 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of WBC in (G2, G3 and G5) while G4 showed no significant difference as compared G1.4 - A significant increment (p<0, 05) in the (G2, G4 and G5) while G3 there are no significant difference as compared G1.5 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of platelet in (G2, G3and G4) while there are no significant differences as compared with G1.6 - A significant increment (p<0.05)T4 hormone level, in the (G2, G4) while G5 showed a significant decreased where as G3 showed no significant difference as compared with G1.7 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the T3 hormone level in the (G2, G4 and G5) while there are no significant differences in the G3 in comparison with G1.8 - A significant decrement (p<0.05)in TSH hormone level in the G2 while no significant changes in the (G3, G4) and a significant increment in the G5 in comparison with G1. Histological results of thyroid gland 1 - A degenerative changes were observed in the epithelial tissues of thyroid gland in the (G2) due to direct effect of uranyl acetate and loss of cell style aggregation in addition to infiltration with inflammatory cells, with loss of depletion of colloid from thyroid follicles.2 - G3 showed normal thyroid cells and thyroid follicles filled with colloid fluid as compared with control group.3 - The result of histology examination of thyroid of group have shown presence of some follicles that contain colloid while ether lack theis colloid.4 - Characterized thyroid follicles cells (G5) lining simple cuboidal tissue but it contains more than one row of cells, suggesting a hyperplasia, but these effects are less negative compared with (G2).From this study we can concluded that uranyl acetate have negative effect on thyroid cells and the chemical substance of aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis inhibit the negative impact of uranyl acetate on thyroid cells in awide aspects of this study, and the aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis have high effect in regulation of thyroid function

دراسة التاثير المثبط لبعض المستخلصات النباتية على بعض الفطريات المرضية == Study of The Inhibitory Effect of Some Medicinal Plants Extracts On Some Pathogenic Fungi

Author name: شفاء طيار جعفر العساف

Supervisor name: صالح عيسى محمد الجبوري | عبد الكريم سليمان حسن النعيمي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: اظهرت دراسة التاثير المثبط للمستخلصات المائية والكحولية لاربعة نباتات طبية هي النعناع بنوعيه (Horsemint, Spearmint) والسعد (Nutgrass) والحبة السوداء(Black Cumin) على بعض الفطريات الممرضة المعزولة من حالات مرضية مختلفة، من بين (63) عينة مرضية اخذت للدراسة | Study of inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of four medicinal plants, spearmint, horsemint, nutgrass and black seed (black cumin), against some pathogenic fungi isolated from different clinical cases, showed that (12) cases from (63) cases were positive and Candida albicans was more frequent (41.67%) followed by Aspergillus fumigates and A. niger (16.67%) for each one.The study at inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts against the isolated fungi, showed that aqueous extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was more effective, and inhibited growth of the fungus A. fumigatus (87.5%) followed by the aqueous extract of black seed (25 mg/ml.), nutgrass and Spearmint (30 mg/ml.) for both, which inhibit the fungal growth (81.25%).Aqueous extract of Horsemint (30 mg/ml.) was the best one, which inhibited the growth of A. niger completely (100%); Aqueous extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was more effective against the fungus candida albicans, and the inhibition zone diameter was (13 mm.).The study of inhibitory effect of alcoholic extracts against the isolated fungi, showed that alcoholic extracts of black seed (10 mg/ml.), Spearmint (15 mg/ml.) and Horsemint (30 mg/ml.) were The best against A. fumigatus and inhibited its growth completely (100%).Alcoholic extracts of black seed (15 mg/ml.), Spearmint (20 mg/ml.) were more effective against A. niger, and inhibited its growth completely (100 %); Finally, alcoholic extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was the best one against C. albicans, with inhibition zone diammeter (19 mm.).Testing of inhibitory effect of some chemical antifungal agents against the isolated fungi showed ketoconazole at concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5) mg/ml. inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus (100, 93.0, 90.0) % respectively. Also ketoconazole at concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5) mg/ml. inhibited the growth of A. niger (100, 95.0, (93.0)% respectively. Nystatin; at concentration 100 I.U/Disc (0.06 mg/Disc) inhibited growth of C. albicans with inhibition zone diammeter (15 mm.).

التشخيص الجزيئي للخمائر والاعفان المرافقة لمخلفات الطيور وتقييم كفاءة بعض المستخلصات النباتية ضد خميرة Cryptococcus == Molecular Identification of Molds And Yeast Associated To Birds Wast And Evalution Efficiency of Some Plant Extract Against Cryptococcus

Author name: رسل عصام علي الظاهر

Supervisor name: زيدان خليف عمران المعموري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Science For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية عزل وتشخيص الاعفان والخمائر المرافقة لمخلفات الطيور باستخدام بعض التقنيات المظهرية والجزيئية. كما تم اختبار فعالية المستخلصات المائية لنبات وعرك لوية والقرنفل والبابونج في تثبيط نمو خميرة Cryptococcus neoformans.تم جمع 190 عينة من م | The present study aimed to isolation and diagnosis the molds and yeast from birds extract by use some of phenotype and molecular techinces. As well as the aqeous plant extracts of clove and Germin Chamamilla and east indian scrow tree.to inhibition Cryptococcus neoformans growth there is about 191 isolate was been collected from Babil and Karbala included 30 isolate (10 isolate hand printing and 10 isolate from ambiend air of bird brought zone, and 10 isolate from cough of men they are dealing with birds in pitry dish containing SDA media. The other 161 isolate was been collected from the wet and dry bird extract from the different environment.Culture method was used in the diagnosis as CHROMagar media to diagnosis Candida spp. Also used the haemolysis test of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster yeast and phospholipase and Urease test of Cryptococcus neoformans yeast.And used the molecular methods as DNA extraction and used PCR technice by use universal and specific primers.Results of analysis isolation and diagnosis showed that the maximum of present appearance was for Candida spp. 45.34% and molds Rhizopus sp. appearance percent 27.32% and frequency percent 28.21% and 3.65% consequently M. ornithogaster appearance percent 4.96% and frequency percent 35.77% while the other molds and yeast have appearance percent between 0.62 - 19.25% and frequency percent between 0.07 - 19.75% and the result of CHROMagar for Candida gives different color C.albicans was green color and C.krusei was pinki color.Cryptococcus showed apositive result in phospholipase and Urease test. haemolysis test of Macrorhabdus yeast was positive the hot aqeous plant extracts of clove and Germin Chamamilla and east indian scrow tree have the activity to inhibit the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans, but the more activity was east indian scrow tree with concentration 4%.The pair primer CAP60 succesful to diagnose Cryptococcus neoformans It was 603bp and primer AGY1\Sm2 successful to diagnose Macrorhabdus yeast

دور الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus والجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus في وبائية بعض الامراض الطفيلية من اوالي الدم والانسجة في مدينة تكريت وضواحيها == The Role of Mus Musculus And Rattus Norvegicus In The Epidemiology of Some Blood And Tissues Parasite Diseases of Protozoa In Tikrit City And It'S Districts

Author name: شيلان قادر صادق الصالحي

Supervisor name: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة في مناطق وبعض اقضية محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة من كانون الاول 2006 الى الفترة تشرين الثاني 2007، وتم فحص 200 نموذجا من الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus و50 نموذجا من الجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus جمعت من ثماني مناطق وهي حي شيشين وحي الجمعية | The study was carried out in various regions of Selah El - Deen from the period 12 - 2006 to 11 - 2007. In this research a total of two hundred Mus musculs and fifty Rattus norvegicus from eight regions of Selah El - Deen area, namely, Sheshen area, Al - Jamiea area, Al - Sikak area, Al - Kadisea, Al - Alban Factory, Al - Dor, Samara and Al - Alam were investigated. The examination results of the brain, liver, spleen and blood smears of each rodent were showed 4 species of parasitic protozoa : 1. Toxoplasma gondii : This species found in Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).2. Leishmania spp. : This species found in Rattus norvegicus only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).3. Eperythrozoon coccoides : This species found in the blood of Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (1.5%).4. Encephalitozoon cuniculi : This species found in Mus musculs with the percentage of infection (3.0%), and in Rattus norvegicus with the percentage of infection (4.0%).The percentage of infection in Mus musculs was (6.5%) but the percentage of infection in Rattus norvegicus was (6.0%).Encephalitozoon cuniculi appeared in a high percentage of infection in both Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus.The experimental results of heart and lungs tissues for all rodents studied was negative. The statistic results showed no significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Mus musculus.There were no significant difference in percentage of infection between collection area of Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between collection regions of Mus musculus.The seasons of year had no significant difference on the percentage of infection with Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between the seasons of year in Mus musculus.Rodents sex showed no significant difference in percentage of infection in Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus

انتشار القراد الصلب Ixodidae : Acari وعلاقته مع بعض الاوالي السبورية في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمدينة تكريت == Bovine'S Hard Ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) And Their Relation With Some Haemosporian Parasites In Tikrit Rural Boundaries

Author name: الاء عماد توفيق التكريتي

Supervisor name: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: تناولت الدراسة الحالية مسحا للقــراد الصلب المتطفل على الابقار في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمركز مدينة تكريت وللفترة من 1/10/2010 ولغاية 30/7/2011، وقد جمعت العينات من مناطق العلم والبو عجيل وعوينات والمحزم. اختير لاتمام هذه الدراسة مضيف واحد هو الابقار لما له | Ectoparasitic Ioxdae (hard ticks) of cattle were surveyed from five rural stations near by Tikrit city/Iraq since 1st. October 2010Till 30 th. Jully 2011. The sampling stations as fellows : Alam , Albo - Ajeel, Ewanat and al - Mahzam.It he neer chosen only oneHost which is caw.The tick speciemens were collected from one to foure - year cattle host with both sexes. It was found that theHost was infested with two ixodid species ; Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Boophilus annulatus. H. anatolicum anatolicum was the dominant one in all the survey stations.It has been recorded in this study which carry for the first timprovince of Salah EL - Din on tick and disease which is transmittd. The species of Hyalomma anatolicum represent a high percent of infection in the province. As well as the present study showed the presence of relation between temperature and infection by ticks. This study showed that the ticks were aparasitic on ears, nipples and percenal regoin.In comparison between (67.16 %) to (47.82%) for Alam and Al - Mahzam respectively. The presence study included also Exploring the parasitic disease transmitted by tick, That shown infection of cows by three type of parasite which are Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma from both sex. where Theileria recorderd the high percent (54.65 %) fllowed by Anaplasma ( 23.97 %) and last percent Babesia (13.77 %). while mixed infection the ratios were (50.68 %, 34.24 %, 15.06 %) respectively.

تحضير مركبين نانويين هجينين من الكلورهكسدين وحامض التانيك وتحديد فعلهما المضاد للاحياء المجهرية المعزولة من مرضى الحروق في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة == Preparation of Two Nanohybrid Compounds From Chlorhexidine And Tannic Acid And Determination Their Antimicrobial Activities Against Microorganisms Isolated From Burns Patients In Sacred Karbala Province

Author name: نورس مجيد حميد الخفاجي

Supervisor name: علي عبد الكاظم الغانمي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Preparation-of-Two-Nanohybrid-Compounds-from-Chlorhexidine-and-Tannic-Acid-and-Determination-Their-Antimicrobial-Activities-Against-Microorganisms.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة عزل وتشخيص اهم انواع البكتريا المسببة لاخماج الحروق كما تضمنت ايضا تحضير وتشخيص مركبين نانويين هجينين احدهما من المطهر كلورهكسدين والاخر من حامض التانيك. تم تقييم الفعالية التثبيطية للمطهر النانوي المحضر اعلاه ضد البكتريا المعزولة في هذه | This study included the isolation and diagnosis of the most important species of bacteria responsible for the infection in burns. It also included the preparation and detection of two hybrid nano compounds, one of them from the disinfectant chlorhexidine and the other from the tannic acid. The inhibitory activity of the nano disinfectant was assessed against the isolated bacteria in this study also, the antioxidant activity of the hybrid nano tannic acid was identified and the results showed the following : 1 - As a total 32 samples were taken from burned patients hospitalized in the burning ward Imam Al - Hussien medical city in Sacred Karbalaa governate. It had been obtained 8 isolates (34.78) % from Pseudomonas spp., 7 of them were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one was P. oryzihabitans , 4 isolates (17.39) % were Acinetobacter baumannii, 4 isolates (17.39) % were Klebsiella pneumoniae, and one isolate (4.34) % of Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Serratia liquefaciens and Chryzeobacterium meningosepticum and two isolates (8.69) % of Staphylococcus aureus in addition to one isolate (4.43) % from Candida guilliermondii yeast.2 - Chlorhexidine disinfectant and tannic acid were used in preparation of the two hybrid nano compounds after intercalating each of them on layers of double hydroxide (Mg/Al - LDH). FT - IR spectrum studies has shown the appearance of specific chemical groups and the disappearance of others while the spectrum of x - ray(XRD) has shown the appearance of new levels of diffraction in the spectrum of the hybrid nano disinfectant Mg/Al - CHX - LDH and the spectrum of the hybrid nano tannic acid Mg/Al - TA - LDH as compared to the spectrum of the Mg/Al - LDH, which indicate that the two prepared compounds under study is a nano hybrid compounds. Results of the scanning electronic microscope has shown, the change in the shape of the surface of the nanohybrid compounds that prepared above as compared to the layer of double hydroxide. It turns out from the results of the examination with the use of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), that the diameter of the particles of hybrid nano disinfectant and hybrid nano tannic acid were (121.66 and 77.70) nm, respectively. 3 - The inhibitory activity of the hybrid nano disinfectant Mg/Al - CHX - LDH and the free disinfectant (Free CHX) has been studied and the results revealed followings : a. The hybrid nano disinfectant has the highest inhibitory activity against the two bacterial isolates P. aeruginosa (11 and 23 - A) with an inhibition diameter of 24 mm for each, while the inhibition diameter for the free disinfectant was 23.5 mm against the isolate P. aeruginosa 4 - C.b. The hybrid nano disinfectant showed the highest inhibitory activity against the two isolates A. baumannii (16 - A and 31 - A) with an inhibition diameter of 18 mm for each, while the highest inhibition activity for the free disinfectant was against the isolate A. baumannii 22 - B with an inhibition diameter of 19.5 mm.c. The hybrid nano disinfectant showed the highest inhibitory activity against the isolate K. pneumoniae (16 - B) with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm, while the highest inhibition activity for the free disinfectant was against the isolate K. pneumoniae 15 - B with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm also.d. The highest inhibition activity for the hybrid nanoic disinfectant against each of bacteria P. mirabilis and E. coli with an inhibition diameter of 23.5 mm, while the highest inhibitory activity for the free disinfectant was against the bacteria E. coli with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm, while the bacteria C. meningosepticum was the least affected among the other types of the isolated bacteria with an inhibition diameter of 8 mm and it was resistance to the hybrid nano disinfectant.e. The highest inhibition activity for the hybrid nano chlorhexidine was against the isolate S. aureus 21 with an inhibition diameter of 28.5 mm, while the highest inhibition activity for the free chlorhexidine was against the isolate S. aureus 22 - A with aninhibition diameter of 31.5 mm.f. The inhibitory activity of both the hybrid nano and the free disinfectant against C. guilliermondii yeast was closely to each other with an inhibition diameter of (28 and 29) mm, respectively.4. The study of antioxidant activity confirmed the following : a. Using free radical scavenging method, the IC50(Half maximal inhibitory concentration) value against ABTS free radical were at 10 µg /ml for free tannic acid while it was at 125 µg /ml for the hybrid nano tannic acid Mg/Al - TA - LDH.b. Measurement of ferric ion reducing power revealed that free tannic acid had reducing power greater than that of the hybrid nano tannic acid

تاثير نقص البروتين في بعض التغيرات النسجية والسريرية والوظيفية في ذكور الفئران البيض == The Effect of Protein Deficiency In Some Clinical, Histological And Physiological Changes In Male White Mice

Author name: نسم عماد دايم الفؤادي

Supervisor name: فاضل فرهود مكي الجبوري | هاشم محمد عبد الكريم العلاق

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Science For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: The present study is designed to know the effect of protein deficiency on mice males through study the clinical histological changes of some organs including (liver, kidney, stomach and testes).In addition of study the blood and biochemical parameters, where they were sheltering animals in the animal house of the branch of physiology / College of Veterinary Medicine / University of AL - Qadisiya and the number was 90, all of the mice are males and age (28 - 30) days kept for two weeks before starting the experiment for the purpose of acclimatization was given during this period, diet control, then the experiment began between 01/05/2014 until 19/2 / 2014, and at weights ranging from start racing experience between 17 - 18 g, all in a period of growth.These animals were divided into three groups, each group contains 30 mice, first group (control) was give 18% total protein contains animal protein 7%, while the second group was given 13% total protein contain 3.5% animal protein, and the third group was given 10 % total protein without any animal protein for different period as follow (15, 30, 45)day.Experiment takes study of changes in body weight of animals and some selected organs also study histological changes for studied organs, also physiological blood parameters such as PCV, Hb, GCS and TSP.Results showed significant decrease (p<0.05) in weight body rate of animals, also in the rate of selected organs means compared with control group. The second treatment for 45 days most significant in decreased of body weight and organs weight if it compared with first treatment in all periodsHistological procedures showed that clinical and histological changes are graduated by the severe of protein deficiency and period of time. The histology investigation for liver showed that congestion of blood vessels accompanied with dilation of central vein and portal vein, and necrosis of the hepatic cells and destroyed the general total structure of liver. The section of kidney showed that necrosis and destroyed in renal tubules and epithelial cells in the lumen of tubules and bleeding in renal tubules and clear shrinkage in glomerulus. There are histological changes in stomach by necrosis and desquamation for gastric cells in both period (30, 45) days, while there are no histological clinical changes in both doses in period (15 days) for exposure. Histological sections of testes showed induction inhibition of spermatogenesis and desquamation of germ cells and congestion in the interstitial tissue and dilation of lumen of seminiferous tubules in both periods (30, 45) days, while there is no any changes in both first and second treatment in period of (15)days.In contrast, the hematological parameters showed that the concentration of Hb, PCV significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood of treatment animals which correlated with protein deficiency compared with control group, and the second treatment for (45) days showed the most significant in the parameters compared with the first treatment and for all periods.Biochemical tests obtain significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood glucose level in both treatment first and second in first period. Also the results showed that no significant increase in first treatment in both periods (30, 45) days compared with control group, while there is significant increase in the level of blood glucose in the second treatment in both periods (30, 45) days compared with the control group. Also did not score a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the total serum protein in thefirst treatment in the first period (15) days, compared with the control group, and found a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the first treatment in the two periods (30, 45) days compared with the control group, while found a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the total serum protein in the second treatment period (15, 30, 45) days compared with the control group.It can be conclusion that the exposure for protein deficiency due to clear clinical histological changes for studied organs and some changes in some hematological and biochemical parameters in white mice which treated with protein deficiency which it causes these symptoms

دراسة تاثير الذيفان حال الدم الفا المستخلص من بكتريا Echerichia.coli في فعالية واستجابة الخلايا المناعية == Study The Effect of The Alpha Hemolysin Toxin Extracted From Echerichia Coli In The Activity And Response of Immune Cells

Author name: وقار عدنان حمدان الكبيسي

Supervisor name: ذكرى عدنان جواد المسلماوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية محورين الاول الحصول على عزلات من بكتريا E.coli من المرضى المصابين بخمج السبيل البولي اذ تم الحصول على اربعة عزلات من بكتريا E.coli من مختبر الصحة العامة في كربلاء، وعزلة من بكتريا E.coli من براز شخص سليم من مستشفى الاطفال في كربلاء و| The isolation of E.coli bacteria from patients with urinary tract infection, Four isolates were obtained from the public health laboratory in Karbala, and isolation of E.coli bacteria from the feces from healthy person and S.aureus from the public health laboratory, on the basis of microscopic diagnosis and biochemical test isolates were confirmed diagnosis.This axis also included the investigation of the ability of four UTIs isolates to produce the toxin qualitatively on blood agar and measuring the diameters of hemolysis and quantitatively by measuring the amount of hemoglobin released from the RBCs.The toxin (hemolysin) was extracted from the most efficient isolate, after the cultivation in the chemically defined medum (CDM) The highest dilution gave hemolytic activity on blood cells 1/32 (320 units / ml), but after sedimentation, dialysis and freeze - drying found that (1 / 64) caused hemolysis of 50% of the blood cells compared to the standard curve.The results of this study, indicated that the role of the toxin (Hemolysin) in the pathogenecity and virulence of E.coli, lowered the lethal dose (LD50) of the bacteria which decreased from (107 × 3.16 cells / mL) to (106 × 2.34 cells / mL).The second axis included the study of the immune responce included : Studying the effect of the toxin on the immune cells isolated from the peritoneum of the mice through its effect on viability of these cells, using the concentrations of the toxin that showed the hemolytic activities (100, 90.70, 50.25) %, as well as determine the effect of the toxin on the phagocytosis S.aureus process in different periods The study found that the toxin effect on the immune cells depends on the concentration used.The low concentrations of the toxin, which showed hemolytic activity (25%) did not affect the viability of immune cells and their ability to phagocytosis where the results of the statistical analysis showed no significant difference (0.05 <p) in comparison with control, while high concentrations of the toxin showed effects on the viability of immune cells and on phagocytosis where statistical analysis significant difference (0.05> p) compared to control treatment, and the results showed that the effect of the toxin on the phagocytosis depended on the concentration and time, where phagocytic Index decrease with dose and time.It was estimated the level of cytokins (IL - 1B, IL - 2, IL - 6, TNF) in plasma were estimated for mice injected with sub lethal dose 50 (106) of the non hemolytic E.coli isolated from stool and another group which injected with LD50 of the toxin (25%) and a third group were injected with a mixture of bacteria the toxin in addition to the control group injected with normal saline, The level of cytokins during different periods of time (6, 12, 24, 48, 72) hour were estimated, where it was found that the sub LD50 of the non hemolytic E.coli had no effect on the level of TNF while sub LD50 of the toxin had no significant effect as well as the doses of the mixture in comparison with control treatment while the other cytokins, Results showed little rise in the level of IL - 1? in mice injected with non hemolytic bacteria and when the injection with sub LD50 as well as two doses mixture was large, as well as the case for IL - 2 and the IL - 6, but in different proportions, from this we conclude that the toxin stimulates the liberation of the IL - 1 and IL - 2 and the IL - 6 from immune cells, but does not affect the TNF.

دراسة تصنيفية لعويلة الخنافس البرغوثية Alticinaeمن عائلة Chrysomelidae ورتبة غمدية الاجنحة Coleoptera في بعض محافظات العراق == Taxonomic Study On The Flea Beetles (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae : Alticinae) In Some Provinces of Iraq

Author name: رغد عـبيد خضير

Supervisor name: سعدون ابراهيم اسماعيل

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Basic Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

الخصائص التشريحية والتصنيفية لانواع مختارة من ذوات الفلقتين البرية النامية في محافظة ديالى == Anatomical And Taxonomical Attributes of Wild Dicots Selected Spesies In Diyala Pravince

Author name: ضفاف خليل سلام البدري

Supervisor name: علي حسين عيسى الموسوي | محمود شاكر رشيد الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

تطبيق بعض طرق حفظ الحشرات على حشرة المن == Applicating of Some Methods of Maintainance On Aphids

Author name: ضياء عباس عبد الرضا الزيادي

Supervisor name: عبد المحسن حسين مؤنس

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

دراسة انتشار الحيوانات الابتدائية الرئيسية المسببة للاسهال بين المرضى باستخدام الطرائق المجهرية والجزيئية في محافظة بابل == Prevalence Study For Main Protozoa Diarrheal Agents Among Patients By Using Microscopically And Molecular Methods In Babylon Province

Author name: ميس كاظم عليوي

Supervisor name: احمد خضير عبيس الحميري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Science For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية خلال المدة من تشرين الاول 2014 الى شهر شباط 2015 حيث تضمنت هذه الدراسة فحص 987 عينة براز (اطفال وبالغين, ذكورو اناث) بطريقة الفحص المجهري المباشر و96 عينة موجبة فحصت عن طريق تقنية تفاعل سلسلة متعدد البلمرة. للمرضى المصابين بالاسهال و| The current study during period was conducted from October 2014 till February 2015 examination of 987 stool samples for direct smear method (Lugol's Iodine, Normal Saline (0.9%) for detection of the following parasites G.lamblia, E.histolytica while using floatation methods and Ziehl - Neelsen method (Malachite green) for detecting the Cryptosporidium spp. by using light microscope) and 96 positive samples from these samples examined by polymerase chain reaction technique PCR. For patients infected with diarrhea (children and adults, male and female) who attended to Babylon maternity and children hospital and specialized Marjan Hospital for Internal and Cardiac Diseases in the Babylon province as well as primary health care and private clinics. The age ranges from(Less than one year - 31and more).The current study showed the rate of infection with parasites that causative of diarrhea47.3% (E.histolytica, G.lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp.) was 26.4%, 17.9% and 3.7%, respectively.They were examined by a direct smear method to detect the trophozoites, cyst and oocyst phases of these parasites. The highest rate of infection by microscopic examination was in the rural area 67.2% in comparing with city that was 32.9%. Also the highest rate of infection among males was 51.5% in comparing with females 41.2%. It has been recorded that the higher rate of infection was 76.1% in the age group (16 - 20) years while the lower infection rate was in the age group (26 - 30) years that was 22.8%. It has been observed significant differences in infection rates at the (P ? 0.05). The present study recorded difference in the rates of parasitic infections according to the presence of animals in houses, the high rates of infection where with those have animals in their houses 51.2% while the lowest rates of infection where with those not have animals in their houses 38.9%.It has been observed significant differences in infection rates at the (P ? 0.05). This study reveals a difference in parasitic infections rates, according to the level of education the head of household, and found that the highest rate of infection for those with the head of the family is non - educated or illiterate 48.3%, while the rate of infection was declined with head of the family who get primary education level 46.2%. It had recorded the highest infection rate in October 63.8%, while the lowest percentage was in February 27. 6%. It has been observed significant differences in infection rates at the (P ? 0.05). In the present study Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to 96 positive results in direct smear methods to detection the main parasitic diarrhea agent. It had recorded total of infection rate of 43.4% (31.3%, 28.1% and 2.1%, respectively). Depending on PCR technique showed the highest rates of infection was in the male 36.7% while the lowest rates of infection in females 30.6%. It had recorded the highest rate of infection in the rural areas 45.3% in comparing rate of infection in the urban areas 25.9%. The present study recorded the highest rates of infection were in the (16 - 20years) age group 46.2%, while the decline in the rates of infection was in the (21 - 25years) age group 16.7%. Also it showed the highest rates of infection were in the presence of animals in the houses 36.1% while the lowest rate of infection where there were no animals 31.4%.It has been observed significant differences in infection rates at the (P ? 0.05). The study found that the highest rates of infection for those with the head of the family is non - educated or illiterate 38.9%, while the rate of infection declined with head of the family who got Academic education level 33.3%. Also it had recorded the highest rate of infection in November (2014) 42.1%, while the lowest rates percentage was in December (2014) 23.1%. It has been observed significant differences in infection rates at the (P ? 0.05). Through the current study it was concluded that the prevalence of the parasites that cause diarrhea in the Babylon province are very highly when detection microscopic examination and PCR method, comparison with previous studies and rural area highest rates of infection from urban area.

دراسة جزيئية ومناعية لطفيلي اللشمانيا الجلدية Cutaneous Leishmania في المحافظات الوسطى والجنوبية == Molecular And Immunological Study of Cutaneous Leishmania In The Middle And Southern Provinces

Author name: ازهار موسى جعفر الموسوي

Supervisor name: علي حسين الكبيسي | مهدي حسين العمار

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Rp-Molecular-and-Immunological-study-of-Cutaneous-Leishmania-in-the-middle-and-southern-provinces-.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The study includes distribution of the Cutaneous Leishmania in some governorates in Iraq. Specimens are included cases of outpatients in hospitals like : Al - Karamah, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Al - Hilla Teaching Hospital, Al - Hussein Teaching Hospital and Ein Altamer General Hospitals in Kerbala, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Al - Najaf, Al - Karamah and Al - Zahraa Teaching Hospitals in Wasit, Al - Diwanyia General Hospital. Al - Hussein General Hospital in Al - Nasiriya, Al - Smawa General Hospital, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital and Al - Qurna General Hospital in Al - Basrah during October 1122 to march 1121 Cutaneous Leishmania is consider a major problem that faces the patients because it causes deformities in the infection region. The study includes 330 cases of skin ulcer in which 225 of them were microscopically positive. Parasitic growth was done using two types of cultural media NNN and RPMI - 1640.The results have shown a considerable difference between male and female in which male was significantly exceeding 131) %22.11 (and female was 94) %72.44 (and 139) %72.44 (of outpatients from rural areas increased in numbers from outpatients of urban areas, and only) %12.11(from urban areas.The number of ulcerations in body has exceeded infection, that means more than one ulceration in male 83 (85%) and for female 41 (62%), and concerning infection in three or four ulceration, it is approximately equal and normally distributed on face areas 99 and a percentage of (44%) then lower arms are 92 and a percentage of (40.80%) and the upper parts are 33 and a percentage of (14.66%). Also, one infection was recorded on The study shows that 46 patients in a percentage of (%20.44) having a dry infection; whereas 179 patients (%79.55) having the wet type.For accurate diagnosis of Leishmaniaa species distributed in Iraq, PCR Was used technique and diagnosed two types of Leishmania parasite that causes the illness. A band in a length of 560 bp in 186 samples related to Leishmania major and the band sample was 750 bp related to 39 Leishmania tropica.Through studying the samples in Kerbala City, the number infected samples were 125 for the years of 2010 - 2011 the actuality is (73) infection and (52) infection from 2011 - 2012 in a ratio of (58.4 % and % 72.7 accordingly) in different inhibited areas in the governorate in which (51)) %71.2 (was in Ein Al - Tamir Suburb, and 29 cases of) %11.1 (in Al - Husseinya Suburb, as well as 17 cases of (13.6%) in Al - Hur Suburb, 16 cases) %21.2 (in the south quarters and 7 cases of (5.6%) in the north quarters and only 5 cases of (4%) in the city center.The molecular diagnosis in Polymerase Chain Reaction for Kerbala governorate samples have shown 31) %17.2 (of L.tropica, 22) %24.7(of them were male and 9 of) %4.1 (of them were female. L. major was 94 of) %42.1 (in which 55 of) %77 (were in male and 39 of) %12.1 (were in female.The immunological study for the patients serums with L. major by ELISA technique has significantly shown raised values of IgG and IgM during infection in comparison with the control group, then it declines slowly after treatment in which IgG was in ratio (1811.1 ± 523.1 mg/dl), and IgM was in ratio (166.7 ±23.6 mg/dl). Also, in L. tropica - IgG was in ratio (1722.1 ± 524.0mg/dl) and IgM was in ratio (25.3±182.9mg/dl) in comparison with control specimens, and then the ratios have declined after treatment dosages with Pentostam drug.The cellular dynamics values have shown an abstract increase in which interferon - gamma (IFN - ?) in infected patients with cutaneous L. major were (221.1±2.2mg/dl) which declined after treatment abstractly to (7.12±1.1mg/dl) as well as for L tropica (22.1±7.2mg/dl) which shows no significant abstract difference after treatment with control.An increase appears in cytokine IL - 10 that reached in L.major (122.1±8.2mg/dl) and after treatment was (8.11±2.2mg/dl) and in L. tropica was (222.1±2.2mg/dl) with no significant abstract difference after treatment with control specimen.As a simple attempt to find a vaccine for Leishmania disease a Lipophosphoglycan was isolated and purified as known factor for promastigot stage. The vaccine injected for two groups of Bulb mice in a concentration of purified vaccine (L.majorand Ltropica) to study the immunological response by detecting the Lymphocyte Transformation assay, the Delayed Type Hypersensitivity test and the PhagocytosisIndex.In lymphocyte transformation the ratio of L. tropica was % 7.2 and for L. major was % 21.7 and there is significant difference by P? 0.05 in comparison with control specimen in which its ratio was %7.4, and for Delayed Hypersensitivity test study the average foot thickness injected with vaccine and the other foot which injected with phenol - saline solution - only (1.11 ± 2.12ml) for the first group and (1.21 ± 2.72) for the second group, and for the control group it has registered (1.77± 1.15 ml) with a considerable difference of P? 0.05. By calculating the ratio of Phagocytosis Index cells, it was 17% and 27.6% for the first and second groups while for the control group it has been reaching 9.10%. Therefore, we can get advantage from these values as indicators for the rule of vaccine in the immunological response and triggering of vaccine idea for this disease.

بعض التاثيرات الفسيولوجية والنسجية للمستخلص الكحولي لنبات القطب في اناث الارانب المصابة بداء السكري == Some Physiological And Histological Effect Of Alcoholic Extract Tribulus Terrestris In Diabetic Female Rabbits

Author name: سارة غازي عبد الكريم الزوري

Supervisor name: فريال عبد المناف المهداوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تقيم الفعالية المضادة لبعض انواع البكتريا الممرضة الناتجة من الزيوت الثابتة المستخلصة من بذور بعض نباتات مختلفة == Antagonistic Activity Evaluation Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria Of Fixed Oils Extracted From Different Plant Seeds

Author name: رانيا صبري حسن القريشي

Supervisor name: ليث محمد جواد الشماع | حارث جبار المذخوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تاثير الكاينتين وحامض السالسيلك في تحمل نبات العصفر (Carthamus tinctorius L.) للاجهاد الرطوبي == The Effect of Kintein and Salicylic acid in Carry Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)of Drought stress

Author name: رويدة محسن حميد

Supervisor name: هناء حسن محمد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Basic Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تاثير الهليوم نيون ليزر(632)نانومتر والضوء الاحمر والعوامل البيئيه على العوامل الفسلجية وتكاثر اسماك الكارب ا لاعتيادي Cyprinus carpio == The Effect Of Helium-Neon (632nm) Laser ,Red Light Exposure And Environmental Factors On Physiological Parameters And Spawning Of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio)

Author name: لظى محمد عبيس الوطيفي

Supervisor name: مؤيد جاسم العماري | علاء طارق شاكر الحسناوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية لاجناس العشيرتين Phalarideae وArundineae من العائلة النجيليةGramineae (Poaceae) في العراق == A Morphological and Anatomical study of some genera of gramineae (Poaceae) in Iraq

Author name: رقية فاضل حبيب خليل العيفاري

Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خضير البيرماني

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Science For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Babylon

First pages:

دراسة مورفولوجية لحبات اللقاح في انواع ذوات الفلقتين البرية النامية ضمن نطاق مجمع الجادرية / جامعة بغداد == Morphological Study of Pollen – Grains In Wild Dicotyledones Species grown In Baghdad University Campus / Jadiriya

Author name: اسراء عبد الرزاق مجيد الدبيسي

Supervisor name: علي حسين عيسى الموسوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

التاثيرات الوراثيه الخلوية وموت الخلايا المبرمج للسيرمايد في الخلايا السرطانية للخطوط الخلوية و الحيوانات المختبرية == Cytogenetic And Apoptotic Effects Of Creamide On Cancer Cells (In Vivo And In Vitro)

Author name: مثنى ابراهيم ملك البدري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Diagnostic And Genetic Study On Local Isolates Of Streptomyces

Author name: سعاد عبد الهادي الحلو

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: English

University location: Najaf

First pages: