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تحسين الفولتية وتقليل خسائر منظومة الشبكة العراقية باستخدام افضل جهاز FACTs == Improvement of Voltage Profile And Reduce Iraqi Grid System Losses By Using Optimal FACTs Device

Author name: سيف اسعد عبد الحسين
Supervisor name: رشيد حميد الربيعي | انعام ابراهيم علي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electrical Engineering Branch
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الغرض من هذا العمل هو تحسين الجهد والتقليل من خسائرالقدرة للشبكة العراقية ( 400kV ) عن طريق تركيب اجهزة ( FACTs ) في مواقع مختلفة تحت حالة خطا ومقارنة النتائج مع تلك دون وجود (FACTs) تحت نفس الظروف.تم تحديد الموقع الامثل للـ(FACTs) على اساس الخوارزميات | The aim of this work is to improve the voltage profile and reduces power losses of Iraqi (400kV) power grid system by installing Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System devices (FACTs).The optimal location of the FACTs device was specified based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization method and power system analysis toolbox ( PSAT) package, it was utilized to search for optimum FACT parameters setting and location based objective function that depends on the power and voltage as fitness.MATLAB (R2011a) was used for running both GA program and Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) version 2.1.6, Newton Raphson method also used for solving the load flow of the system and the Trapezoidal method for the non - linear differential equations.Two systems have been implemented in this work as follows; • IEEE - machine 9 - bus system.• INSGS 11 - machine 24 - bus, 39(400kV) overhead transmission line.The GA program is implemented on IEEE 9 - bus system, then after getting the appropriate results the same procedure repeated for the Iraqi grid system which is more complicated, its used to find the optimal location of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). The results obtained from GA have been compared with PSAT and showed that the installation of (UPFC) devices at the optimal locations of the Iraqi grid gives an improvement in the power losses and voltage after subjected to the three phase fault to ground at different locations and different cases (temporary fault, permanent fault).

نموذج مقترح للتعامل مع فشل العقدة في شبكة الاستشعار اللاسلكية == Proposed Model To Handle Node Failure In Wireless Sensor Network

Author name: مصطفى خالد مزعل
Supervisor name: ضياء جاسم كاظم
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contains many low cost and low power sensor nodes (SNs), these nodes may fail to communicate with each other according to some reasons such as battery lifetime, uncontrolled events or any surrounding environment actions which will lead to partition the network and reduce the Quality of Service (QoS) as well as the reliability and efficiency of the whole network. The motivation of this work was detecting these malfunctions using three approaches considered with two proposed network models : random distributed SNs and real model.Firstly, localization approach in WSN are discussed and verified using four classic localization methods to detect any failed SN, which are : Distance Vector (DV - Hop), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Time of Arrival (ToA) and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). These methods are analyzed and implemented for three different areas, each with three different numbers of SNs. All of them are implemented using MATLAB programming language. Secondly a known fault detection method called Distributed Fault Detection (DFD) discussed and implemented using MATLAB also, and a new method developed from this method named (MDFD) to overcome the disadvantages of DFD method. Finally the feature of the connectivity of the SNs themselves within the network is exploited by using two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol standards : Sleep Medium Access Control (SMAC) and Tune Medium Access Control (TMAC) protocols, then proposed a modified MAC protocol (MMAC) to enhance the most affecting factors of these two MAC standards such as energy consumption and latency. The performance analysis of these three MAC protocols is verified and simulated using a real model for Iraq, Baghdad, Al - Kadhumyah City, by Castalia 3.2 simulator also designed and implemented these three protocols using an iOS application by the XCode program for general application sensors especially for explosives detection sensors, Fido® X3 sensor proposed forthis application. Simulation results showed that the localization methods proved their ability to localize the failed SNs, but with impractical errors (about 23%) in results than the other approaches, and additional load effect on the network due to execute the localization programs separately before each node failure detection. The DFD approach applied with homogeneous WSNs only that contain only one type of sensors, its errors (starting from 25% for three SNs) was due to its algorithm limitations in using only half of the neighbor SNs, reduced in MDFD method algorithm in which all neighbor SNs considered to detect the failed SN reaching full detection accuracy but with latency tradeoff. The MAC approach is better than localization approach because there is no need to additional hardware for node failure detection; it is also better than DFD approach because it was applicable with both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous WSNs. The three MAC protocols succeeded to detect the failed SNs, but SMAC and TMAC had their tradeoff in energy consumption and latency, when SMAC had less energy consumption (69.62% than TMAC), while TMAC had less latency (27.58% than SMAC). MMAC is combining the advantages of both SMAC and TMAC that had a less energy consumption than that in SMAC by 54.16% and smaller latency than that in TMAC by 76.19% within a range of division index m : between 1 to 5.

مقترح بروتوكول توجيه الانترنيت الاشياء بالاعتماد على شبكات الاستشعار اللاسلكية == Proposed Routing Protocol For Internet of Things Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

Author name: عمر عبد الستار حماد
Supervisor name: ضياء جاسم كاظم
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The routing protocol designed for Internet of Things (IoT) systems has to be adapted with different applications requirements in order to enhance the performance of IoT applications. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis is proposing a routing protocol for wireless sensor network employed to serve IoT systems. A new IoT architecture was proposed with explaining the main functions of each layer forming the proposed architecture. The proposed routing protocol acted according to the tasks specified in this architecture. In addition, an IoT application was proposed to be applicable in some utility organizations. The link quality, node depth and energy were used as metrics to make routing decisions. In this work, different cases were proposed to exhibit the usage of these metrics and show the differences of using each of them, then examine different techniques which deal with link quality and the difference between using node - to - node link quality and end - to - end link quality. Improvements were added to the proposed routing protocol to achieve the perfect integration with suitable Media Access Control (MAC) protocol with taking into consideration the behavior of IoT application. Regarding this orientation, two approaches were suggested; the first includes the proposed routing protocol, application with high data rate and MAC protocol without sleeping capabilities; while the second approach included the proposed routing protocol, application with dynamic data rate and MAC protocol with sleeping capabilities. Comparison with other protocols was essential to show the improvements achieved by this work, thus protocols designed to serve the same purpose such as AODV, REL and LABILE were chosen to compare the proposed routing protocol with. To add integrative and holistic, some of important features such as actuating and mobility were added and tested. These features were greatly required by some of IoT applications and improving the routing protocol to support them made it more suitable for IoT systems. The proposed routing protocol was simulated using Castalia - 3.2 and all proposed approaches were examined to show the enhancement achieved by each approach. The results showed better performance when using end - to - end link quality. The results also showed the effect of MAC protocol if decreasing energy consumption was required. Sleeping MAC was the best choice when used with the proposed routing protocol while reducing the data rate. The proposed routing showed better performance than other protocols did regarding Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and latency. It preserved network reliability since it did not generate routing or data packets needlessly. Routing protocol with added features (actuating and mobility) showed good performance. But that performance was affected by increasing the speed of mobile nodes.

تصميم هوائي ضوئي يعمل ضمن نطاق تحت الحمراء الترددي باستخدام تقنية البلازمونك == Optical Antenna Design In Ir Range Using Plasmonic Technology

Author name: هادي كريم شمخي
Supervisor name: محمد ناظم عباس
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Optical antennas, resonant structures, which efficiently collect free - space light and focus it into a nanoscale volume using plasmonic, are indispensable in the burgeoning field of nanophotonics. In this work, resonance behaviors of the fundamental resonance mode of diabolo gold metal bar optical antennas were investigated. The relationship between the near - field enhancement, absorption, and scattering spectra of localized plasmonic elements was explored. It was found that as the waist of the diabolo gold metal bar optical antenna was reduced, optical energy absorption cross section and near field enhancement at resonance increased significantly. Also reduction of the diabolo waist width caused redshift of the resonant wavelengths in the spectra of absorption cross - section, scattering cross - section, and the near electric field. Oppositely, it was found that as the length of the diabolo gold metal bar optical antenna was reduced, optical energy absorption cross section and near field enhancement at resonance decreases significantly. Also reduction of the diabolo length caused blue - shift of the resonant wavelengths in the spectra of absorption cross - section, scattering cross - section, and the near electric field.Grating surface diabolo antenna design was proposed. It was found that grating superstructure perturbed the optical properties of SPPs (Surface Plasmon polarions) and enabled the control of resonance wavelength of the antenna. The grating reduced the power that flow out from the antenna and enhanced the localized electromagnetic fields intensity. The grating also increased surface plasmon currents because of the formation of bound surface states. As a result, the absorption spectra and near field intensity were enhanced but at the same time, the scattering spectra and the far field pattern were reduced.Titanium - Gold grating surface diabolo antenna was proposed. It was found that titanium metal strengthen the grating perturbation of the optical properties of SPPs and allowed wide range of wavelength shifting (3.5 ?m). Because Gold and Titanium have difference electrical resonance characteristics, less plasmon damping occurred, resulting in lower scattering efficiency and narrower plasmon line widths.Finally, system modelling and simulations is done by using electrical department super computer (24 parallel MP and 64 GB RAM) and COMSOL multiphysics 4.4 software.

تبؤ الاحمال الكهربائية للشبكة العراقية للمدة القصيرة باعتماد نظام المنطق الضبابي == Short - Term Electrical Load Forecasting For Iraqi Power System Based On Fuzzy Logic System

Author name: هدى منهي عبد العباس
Supervisor name: Firas Mohammed Tuaimah
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Load forecasting is used by participants in electric energy generation, transmission, distribution, and marketing for a variety of decision - making processes, such as economic dispatch, unit commitment, hydro - thermal coordination, transaction evaluation, and expansion planning. However, the need for accurate forecasts has intensified in the last decade due to the energy industry deregulation. Taking this into account as well as the rapid fluctuations in demand and abrupt changes in weather condition, access to reliable models for accurate forecast of load demand is essential. Due to the need for accurate load forecasts, numerous statistical and artificial intelligence methods have been proposed for the short - term load forecasting problem.In this study, the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) method, which is one of the statistical methods, and an Interval Type - 2 Takagi - Sugeno - Kang Fuzzy Logic System (IT - 2 TSK FLS), which is one of the artificial methods and an extension of the conventional fuzzy logic system, were applied. Developed models were trained using the genetic algorithm. With the purpose of an objective assessment, the available dataset was split into training samples (80%, ????????????) and test samples (20%, ??????????). The training data used in this study covered the period from January 1, 2012 to February 1, 2012 for winter season and the period from July 1, 2012 to August 1, 2012 for summer season. The actual load forecasting period started from January 22, till 28, 2012 for winter model and from July 22 till 28, 2012 for summer model.This work suggested two models; the first model was for hourly (24 hour) load forecasting for one day ahead and the second model was for one week ahead in hourly forecasting (from one until 168 hour). For each model, winter and summer seasons were presented. The Main average percentage error (MAPE) term is an index that provides information about the bias of the model and how close forecasts or predictions are to the eventual outcomes. Experiments conducted with real datasets for the Iraqi power system showed that IT2 TSK FLS models precisely approximated future load demands with an acceptable accuracy.The real data for Iraqi power system were taken from Iraqi Operation and Control Office which belongs to the Ministry of Electricity.A computer program, written in MATLAB programming languages, was developed to represent the proposed method.

تحسين تخطيط المسار للروبوتات المتنقلة والمستقلة بالحركة باستخدام خوارزميات الامثلية القائمة على مبدا التجمعات == Improvement of Path Planning For Autonomous Mobile Robots Using Population - Based Optimization Algorithms

Author name: فرح مهدي علي
Supervisor name: نزار هادي عباس
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Autonomous mobile robots are used in various applications such as dangerous regions. These applications demand robust and adaptable methods for path planning.Path planning optimization problem is a fundamental problem for robot navigation; its purpose is to find a collision - free path from the initial position to a target position. Many real - world optimization problems have become increasingly large, complex and dynamic, which require the development of methods and solutions whose efficiency ismeasured by their ability to find acceptable results within a reasonable amount of time.The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) algorithms are used for solving hard optimization problems, including path planning. BFO algorithm is a simple and powerful searching technique. On the other hand, Artificial Potential Field (APF) as a real time obstacle avoidance method is quite simple in theory, but it is easy to bring local minimum problem and failing to find a path in the narrow channel. Therefore, a method for hybridizing APF with BFO is introduced to make use of both methods' advantages. This thesis presents efficient and reliable four optimization algorithms to solve the path planning problem. The first two algorithms are developed based on ABC algorithm as global path planning; they specifically are modified version of ABC algorithm called Directed ABC (DABC) algorithm and a new fitness function added to ABC algorithm named Minimum Angles (MAABC) algorithm was developed. The other two algorithms were proposed based on BFO and APF algorithms as local path planning; they were namely improved versions of BFO algorithm with adaptive step size (ASBFO) algorithm and a proposed version of BFO algorithm with an adaptive tumble (ATBFO) algorithm.The developed algorithms were simulated using MATLAB R2011b package. The simulation results showed that these algorithms could find the shortest paths for even crowded environments. Moreover, these algorithmswere compared with other researchers’ work to evaluate their performance. Additionally, a comparison was made between the executing time of the proposed local path planning algorithms (ASBFO and ATBFO algorithms) and the real tracked military robot (e.g., Talon) to verify the capability of the proposed methods. Both algorithms achieved fast run time, approximately three times faster than Talon for complex environment, which made them practically efficient.

تمثيل وتنفيذ العاكس ثلاثي الطور رباعي السيقان بواسطة طريقة المتجه الفضائي بتضمين عرض النبضة == Modeling And Implementation of Space Vector PWM Four - Leg Three Phase Inverter

Author name: لؤي كمال عبد القادر
Supervisor name: فاضل عباس مهدي القرملي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis considers a three - phase four - leg inverter, which is used to supply unequal loads without using a transformer. In the literatures, a three - dimensional modulation technique, requiring complex mathematical algorithms were proposed for this kind of inverter. In this research a different approaches are discussed through two kinds of controller; first type is based on the separation control method of the fourth - leg of the inverter from the other phases for one type for modulation. This research applied to the three - phase inverter of the traditional SVM techniques avoiding the employment of complex procedures. The voltage modulation method based on a triangular carrier waveform for the three - phase four - leg voltage source converter. The four - leg converter can produce three - phase output voltages independently from the additional forth - leg. The proposed modulation method for the four - leg inverter is implemented with a single carrier by a simple useful “offset voltage” concept. The second type is equivalent to the so - called three - dimensional space vector PWM method, but its implementation is much easier. The simultaneously synthesized equations of the maximum magnitude of unbalanced three - phase voltage.The feasibility of the proposed modulation technique types verified by computer simulation and experimental results. These results show that both types of “Carrier - Based Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique” and “Three Dimensional Space Vector Modulation Technique” are easier implemented than conventional type by using microcontroller component (PIC16F874A/877A) instead of digital components (DSP & FPGA). So this thesis offers a prototype for this circuit with low cost and low harmonics, but with more complex control circuit.

الموقع الامثل للمعوض التزامني الثابث لشبكة الضغط الفائق العراقية باستخدام الخوارزمية الجينية == Optimal Location of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) For Iraqi National (400kV) Super High Voltage Grid Using Genetic Algorithm

Author name: حسن علي عبد المجيد سلبي البياتي
Supervisor name: Firas Mohammed Tuaimah
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Transmission networks of modern power systems are becoming increasingly stressed because of the growing demand and restrictions on constructions new lines. One of the consequences of such a stressed system is the threat of losing stability following adisturbance. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are found to be very effective in a transmission network for better utilization of its existing facilities without sacrificing the desired stability margin.The Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is a shunt device which employs one of the latest technologies of FACTS and power electronic switching devices in electric power transmission systems to control the voltage and power flow. The STATCOMregulates the voltage at its terminal by controlling the amount of reactive power injected into or absorbed from the power system.Whilst the Iraqi National (400 kV) Super High Voltage Grid System suffers from voltage stability problems because of the high variation in the reactive power conditions all over the year seasons. Therefore, this thesis proposed an application of the STATCOM devices to maintain the voltages within the specified limits and enhancing voltage stability for all seasons in the year, as well as reducing the apparent power losses. And in order to reduce therequired installation cost of the STATCOM devices, this performance has been done by using minimum possible size of the reactive power injected or absorbed by the STATCOM devices, while satisfying the stability limits.The benefit of the STATCOM devices depends greatly on how these devices can be placed in the system. The general problem focused in this thesis was how to optimally determine the locations and the sizes of the STATCOM devices that to be installed. For thatreason, it was decided to follow an optimization approach such as a Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is one of the heuristic methods to find the optimum location and the value of installed STATCOM devices.The Newton - Raphson load flow method, with the proposed approach has been examined and tested first on the 5 - bus IEEE test system; the results obtained encouraged us to implement the same approach on the 27 - bus Iraqi National (400kV) SHV Grid System.The real data for Iraqi network have been taken from Iraqi National Control Center (INCC), in the Ministry of Electricity.computer program, written in MatLab environment, was developed to represent the proposed method.

تقنيات النمذجة الذكية في تنبوء حمل الطاقة الكهربائية == Intelligent Modeling Techniques of Electric Power Load Forecasting

Author name: يونس محي نصيف
Supervisor name: حنان ميخائيل داود
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: As far as electrical power system is concerned, there has been a need to find out the future load in advance. Load forecasting has played an important role in the generation, transmission and distribution system planning. Load forecasting of future load demand is significant for an economic and secured operation of power systems. In general, the objective of high - precision load forecasting is difficult to achieve due to complex effects on load by a variety of factors.This thesis focuses on the study of long term load forecasting by using multiple linear regression (MLR) method and using different types of computational intelligence methods such as feed forward Neural Network with back - propagation (BP) tuning algorithm (FNN - BP), feed forward Neural Network with particle swarm optimization (PSO) tuning algorithm (FNN - PSO) and Elman Neural Network with back - propagation (BP) tuning algorithm (ENN - BP). Such forecasts will be highly useful in proper system planning and operations. The algorithms have been demonstrated using simulation programs in MATLAB environment.The usefulness of the five forecasting techniques was tested on a test system data for a Big Utility Company (Egyptian Unified Network). The obtained results showed that the ENN - PSO method takes advantage of accuracy and efficiency in prediction.The ENN - PSO method was performed using population growth data on the Iraqi National Grid for the duration from 2014 to 2030.

النظام المضبب للتحكم بمشكلة التزاحم لبروتوكول (التحكم في الارسال) في الشبكات المختلطة == A Fuzzy Based TCP Congestion Control For Hybrid Networks

Author name: سارة رعد قاسم
Supervisor name: زينب توفيق باقر
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is designed to deliver seamless and reliable end - to - end data transfer across unreliable networks and is offered connection - oriented, byte - stream service. The Internet’s TCP is probably the most widely used protocol; it is also the most carefully tuned since performance of Internet is largely based on TCP. However, throughput in TCP degrades notably when operated in erroneous networks. In erroneous networks, TCP misinterprets random packet losses and the subsequent packet reordering due to high bit error rate as congestion and invokes congestion control by triggering to fast retransmission and fast recovery, leading to under - utilization of the network resources and affecting TCP performance critically.Many proposals have been used to improve TCP performance in wireless networks. Most of these proposals were based on changing the TCP header and add more complications to the main mechanism. Means of improving performance of TCP over erroneous links were proposed using fuzzy controller in a simple manner (without changing the header) by tracking the delay and the frequencies of the occurrences of timeouts and triple duplicate acknowledgement (3dupacks) to differentiate congestion loss from bit error loss. The first proposal was FReno (Fuzzy+NewReno) but this new algorithm failed to achieve good efficiency. The second proposal was FVegas (Fuzzy+Vegas) and it also failed to improve TCP’s resource utilization. The third proposal was FWestwood (Fuzzy+Westwood) which significantly improved TCP performance. The proposed algorithm was compared against standard TCP variants for different error rates using OMNET++4 version 4.3.1 IDE simulator. FWestwood algorithm helped TCP to distinguish between congestion and packet loss and increase the performance in erroneous wired network, heterogeneous networks, wireless networks and mobile network. Results from simulations showed that in a congested network with (1% to 10%) of random packet loss rate, FWestwood achieved significant improvements in different erroneous networks over other TCP schemes. Also it achieved friendliness fair share of the link with other TCP standards.

التوزيع الامثل للمتحسسات في شبكة المتحسسات اللاسلكية باستخدام خوارزمية الامثلية المستوحاة من نظرية الاسراب == Optimum Sensors Deployment In Wireless Sensor Networks Using Swarm Based Bio - Inspired Optimization Algorithms

Author name: هيثم سعدون عفتان
Supervisor name: نزار هادي عباس
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The increased demand for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in different areas of application has intensified studies dedicated to the deployment of sensor nodes in the recent past. The deployment of sensor nodes required that some of the key objectives should be satisfied, which are the coverage ratio of the monitoring area and the lifetime of the network.In this thesis, a mathematical model to optimize the coverage ratio and the lifetime of network is developed to ensure a better utility of the WSN. The model is formulated based on several parameters such as the size of the monitoring area, network models, the total number of sensor nodes, visibility requirements, sensing/communication radius, etc.Popular swarm based bio inspired algorithms have been used to optimize the WSN deployment. The coverage optimization process has been carried out by single objective optimization algorithms such as the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, modified version of Particle Swarm Optimization called Discrete PSO (DPSO), Discrete Artificial Bee Colony (DABC) algorithm and a new proposed algorithm called Quantum Artificial Bee Colony (QABC). QABC is based on quantum physical concepts to improve the local search capability of standard ABC algorithm. Thereafter, a multi objective optimization algorithm has been utilized to optimize the coverage ratio and lifetime of WSN. The multi objective optimization has been carried out by Non - dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA - II). All of these algorithms are simple, effective and computationally efficient optimization techniques.The WSN deployment has been simulated using MATLAB 7.12.0 (R2011a) package, NetBeans 7.4 Java integrated development environments, JMETAL 4.5 and Java Universal Network/Graph (JUNG 2.0.1) frameworks. The computer simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm for coverage ratio maximization was up to two times faster than the others. Furthermore, the conducted simulation indicated that the QABC algorithm offered (6%) better solution in terms of coverage in comparison with the others in some cases. Also the results showed that the deterministic deployment can achieve up to (25%) better coverage ratio than the random deployment. In addition, QABC outperformed GA, PSO and ABC algorithms when applied to several test problems. Additionally, the results showed that the NSGA - II algorithm could effectively optimize the network lifetime and coverage ratio and produced good convergent solutions to the Pareto front and was uniformly distributed along it.

تقليل تموج عزم الدوران في طريقة السيطرة المباشرة لعزم الدوران للمحركات الحثية == Torque Ripple Reduction Based Direct Torque Control For Induction Motor Drives

Author name: حيدر سالم حميد
Supervisor name: Prof. Dr. J.H. Alwash | Hanan M. Habbi
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: التحكم المباشر لعزم الدوران هو اسلوب التحكم المستخدم في انظمة محرك التيار المتناوب للحصول على سيطرة عزم دوران عالية الاداء. محرك DTC التقليدية يحتوي على زوج من الـ ( hysteresis comparators)، حساب الفيض وعزم الدوران وجدول اختيارالـ ( voltage vector). يت | Direct Torque Control (DTC) is a control technique used in AC drive systems to obtain high performance torque control. The conventional DTC drive contains a pair of hysteresis comparators, a flux and torque estimator and a voltage vector selection table. The torque and flux are controlled simultaneously by applying suitable voltage vectors, and by limiting these quantities within their hysteresis bands, de - coupled control of torque and flux can be achieved. Conventional DTC drives utilizing hysteresis comparators suffer from high torque ripple and variable switching frequency. Several techniques have been developed to improve the torque performance. In this thesis, Proportional - Integral (PI) controller has been presented to improve the system performance which gives better torque and flux response and also reduces the undesirable torque ripple. The most common solution to high torque ripple and variable switching frequency is to use the space vector pulse width modulation (SV - PWM) that depends on the reference torque and flux. The reference voltage vector is then realized by using a voltage vector modulator.The conventional DTC and DTC with PI controller are implemented using Xilinx System Generator (XSG) for MATLAB/Simulink environment through Xilinx blocksets. The design was achieved in VHDL, based on a MATLAB/Simulink simulation model. The Hardware - in - the - Loop (HIL) method is used to verify the functionality of the Xilinx FPGA estimator. The results are obtained and compared with MATLAB/ Simulink results considering the implementation of the proposed model on the Xilinx NEXYS2 Spartan 3E1200 FG320 Kit. The simulations of the DTC - SVPWM were carried out using MATLAB/ Simulink simulation package. The design, implementation and simulation of the overall drive system is performed using MATLAB/Simulink program version 7.13.0.564 (R2011ba) and Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.2.

تطبيق الشبكة العصبية في تكوين الشعاع المتكيف لنظام الهوائي الذكي == Neural Network Application In Adaptive Beamforming For Smart Antenna System

Author name: سليمان احمد غازي
Supervisor name: عضيد حسن سلومي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: انظمة الهوائيات الذكية تعمل على تحسين الاداء وزيادة في السعة لانظمة الاتصالات المتنقلة. ويمكن لانظمة الهوائيات الذكية حل مشكلة نظام الاتصالات المتنقلة مثل التدخل في نفس القناة، والتاخير الحاصل نتيجة الانتشار والمسارات المتعددة التي تاخذها الاشارة عن طريق | The smart antenna systems are promise to provide performance improvement and capacity increasing for the base station of mobile communication systems. Smart antenna systems can solve the problem of mobile communication system such as co - channel interference , delay spread and multipath by an advance signal processing technology called beamforming. In this work artificial neural networks (Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) and feedback Elman Recurrent Neural Network (ERNN) ) are used for smart antenna adaptive beamforming for one and multiple targets.Neural network is used to calculate the optimum weights of antenna array to adapt the radiation pattern of the antenna array by directing multiple narrow beams toward the desired users and nulling interference or unwanted users. FFNN and ERNN are trained by supervised backpropagation learning algorithms, FFNN was trained by using Levenberg - Marquardt (lm),Resilient Back - Propagation (Rprop), Gradient descent with momentum and adaptive learning rate (gdx), Gradient descent and adaptive learning rate (gda) and biasing regulation(br), while lm and Rprop are used to train ERNN..The simulation results show that the best performance of smart antenna adaptive beamforming for one and multiple targets is obtained when the NN (FFNN and ERNN) trained by lm algorithm as compared with other algorithms, since it consider the fastest supervised training algorithm but with more memory requirement. Where the performance of FFNN training phase based (lm) algorithm for single target for five element uniform linear array antenna is [2.746641e - 14] at epoch 27 with best validation performance and best test performance approximately equal to the best training performance. While The performance of ERNN training phase based lm algorithm for single target is [1.121938e - 14] at epoch 38 with best validation performance equal to [1.682442e - 14] and the best test performance is [3.363946e - 14].The neural network model in adaptive beamforming are compared with smart antenna adaptive beamforming based on Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, and gave better performance than LMS.

حل سريان الاحمال وتحليل الاضطرابات في منظومات القدرة على اسس المنطق المضبب باستخدام دالة الكاوسين == Fuzzy Load Flow And Contingency Analysis Based On Gaussian Distribution System

Author name: یاسر فلاح حسن
Supervisor name: حسن عبد الله كبة
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis presented durable minimization method for solving the load flow problem and contingency analysis in on - line applications. Because the electrical power networks are complicated systems, traditional (numerical) minimization methods may encounter difficulties in solving the load flow problem and contingency analysis due to properties of the problem.Thus, the fuzzy logic applications represented by the fuzzy load flow (FLF) and fuzzy contingency analysis (FCA) methods share the best selection in - stead of the traditional methods because the artificial intelligence (AI) methods do not use the characteristics of the problem to determine the next sampling point. The obtained results are very accurate with outstanding computation time, which made the FLF suitable for real time application. In addition to these features, the FLF also able to solve load flow problem of ill - conditioned power system and contingency analysis efficiently.The FLF method using Gaussian membership function requires less number of iterations and less computing time than that required in the FLF method using triangular membership function.All the obtained results show that the computation time of the Fuzzy Load Flow (FLF) is less than the Fast Decoupled Load Flow (FDLF). Using sparsity technique for the input sparse matrix data without complicating the algorithm?s programs gives reduction in overall computation time and storage requirements. The contingency ranking process by calculating the active power and voltage performance indices (PIP and PIV) are required for real power problems and voltage problems respectively for two typical test systems being the IEEE 14 - bus and 30 - bus systems. The performance of the FLF and FCA was tested on two typical test systems being the IEEE 14 - bus and 30 - bus systems in addition to the 362 - bus Iraqi National Grid.

تحليل اخفاء الصور باستخدام الاحصاءات ذات المرتبة العالية == Image Steganalysis Using Higher Order Statistics

Author name: عمار موفق يعقوب يوسف دخان
Supervisor name: ماهر خضير العزاوي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الشبكات اللاسلكية متعدد الهدف باستخدام خوارزمية التكيف الجينية == Multi-Objective Wireless Networks Using Adaptive Genetic Algorithm

Author name: علياء عبد الحسين
Supervisor name: ابراهيم قاسم ابراهيم
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تحسين تخمين الموقع الزاوي للهدف باستخدام الخوارزمية الجينية == Improvement Of Target Angular Location Estimation In Track-While-Scan Radar System Using Genetic Algorithms

Author name: حارث ماجد صالح الدليمي
Supervisor name: وليد خالد محمد علي | محمود طاهر محمد علي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

ضغط الكلام باستخدام ترميز التنبؤ الخطي في مجال تحويل المويجة == Speech Compression Using Linear Prediction Coding In Wavelet Domain

Author name: مصعب تحسين صلاح الدين
Supervisor name: ماهر خضير محمود العزاوي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تصحيح الخطا لبيانات كلام مضغوطة بــ سيلب == Error Correction For Speech Compressed Data Using CELP

Author name: محمد حميد خضير الدركزلي
Supervisor name: خميس عواد زيدان
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تصميم ومحاكاة هوائي جزئي متعدد النطاق الترددي للاتصالات اللاسلكية == Design And Simulation Of Multiband Fractal Antenna For Wireless Communication

Author name: ماهر حسين حمد
Supervisor name: عصام محمود عبد الباقي | جواد كاظم علي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تحليل معالج نسبة الانذار الكاذب الثابت الابدالي المحسن (IS-CFAR) لمختلف حالات سوير لنك للاهداف الرادارية == Analysis Of Improved Switching Constant False Alarm Rate Processor (IS - CFAR) For Different Swerling Radar Target Cases

Author name: كريكور الكزاندر ارمايس
Supervisor name: وليد خالد عبد علي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

اداء تخمين القناة في نظام التقسيم الترددي المضاعف المتعامد المستند على ترتيب الحاملات الموجهة المقطعي عبر قناة الخفوت نوع رايلي == Performance Of Channel Estimation For (OFDM) System Based On Block - Type Pilot Arrangement In Rayleigh Fading Channel

Author name: فادية نوري حمادي النعيمي
Supervisor name: مها جورج زيا
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

خوارزمية اخفاء المعلومات الصورية معتمدة تحويل المويجة المتقطع والتشفير فائق الجودة == Image Steganographic Algorithm Based On DWT And Turbo Coding

Author name: عواطف علي جعفر
Supervisor name: رفعت طالب حسين | حكمت نجم عبد الله
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقويم اداء المرشحات لمنظومة كشف الاهداف المتحركة باستخدام خوارزميات مختلفة لازالة الاشارات المتغيرة وغير متغيرة غير مرغوب فيها == Evaluation Of MTI Filters Cancellation Using Different MTI Algorithms Against Non - Stationary And Stationary Clutter

Author name: علي خالد جاسم
Supervisor name: وليد خالد عبد علي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مشكلة نسبة قمة قدرة الاشارة الى معدلها في منظومة التردد المتعامد المتعدد التقسيمي وبعض حلولها == Peak To Average Power Ratio Problem And Some Solutions In Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing System

Author name: علي جليل طاهر سباهي الظاهري
Supervisor name: ماهر خضير محمود العزاوي
General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
Specific topic: Electrical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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