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تلوث الترب في قضاء الرميثة وتاثيرها على الانتاج الزراعي : دراسة في جغرافية التربة == The Pollution Of Soils In Rumaitha City And Its Effect On The Agricultural Production : A Study In Soil Geography

اسم المؤلف: افراح هاشم فرحان كاطع المرشدي
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الله رحيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims at assessing the pollution type in the soil of the banks and Basins in Rumaitha city and its effect on the agricultural production. It is divided into three chapters : chapter One is devoted to investigate the natural Factors which are represented by (the location of the sample area, its geological and surface structure, climate properties, water resources, and natural plants) and humanistic Factors which are represented by (tilling and adjustment, irrigation, drainage and fertilization of the soil and the agricultural system). Chapter Two is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the sample area while chapter Three investigated the Geographical distribution of soil pollution in the city of Rumaitha in which it discusses the definitions of pollution, its causes and effects on the agricultural areas. Some samples of soil and water were gathered during the period of the study (2015 - 2016). The study has concluded the following : Chapter OneThe results of the analysis of the banks and basins soils structures has shown contrastive mixtures of mud, mud - silt, and mud - silt - mud. Also the Virtual and real density of the soil is variant in the banks and basins. Moreover, the value of the organic material and soil reaction, and the average of the positive and negative ions, are variant too. Chapter Two The study shows that the geographical and humanistic factors have huge effects on some of the physical and chemical properties of the soil of Al - Rumaitha city and its relation to the agricultural production. Throughout the geological structure, surface equability, climate properties, paucity and scatter of natural plants, the quality of irrigation water, and water and salinity grade, several aspects of soil construction were identified which are reflected on the real structure and density of the soil. Moreover, it contains organic materials, salinity, and Positive and negative ions which are intensive in the soil of the basins rather than the banks of the river. The human has a big negative influence on these properties because of his wrong agricultural methods which are represented by tilling the soil, excessive irrigation especially in the unsuitable periods of irrigation, following the traditional methods in irrigation, the Scarcity of broaches, the wrong use of Chemical and organic fertilizers pesticides. All of these factors helped in the process of soil pollution and the intensity of salinity and heavy materials.Chapter ThreeThis chapter is concerned with salinity and osmotic pressure and mutual sodium and positive ions such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, and negative ions like chlorine, sulfates, and bicarbonates as well as their importance to the plants. The role of the heavy factors to the developing plants appears during the germination, branching, flowering, and maturity stages and on the agricultural production as a whole. Although there are some factors of pollution, the soils of Al - Majid and AL - Najmi townships were the best in producing the various agricultural crops. While there is a decrease in production of Al - Hilal township especially on the banks of the river because they receive a lot of water pollution. It was also concluded that the soils of the banks are higher and better in their productive capability than the drains which are highly effected by the salinity and the intensity of heavy materials in addition to the bad management of the soil. The results of the analysis have shown that the city is copious with the various types of agricultural corps like grain, and vegetables. Sesame plant is the prominent in planting and production because of the suitable soil, and its capability to endure salinity which is scattered in farmlands.

تاثير العوامل الجغرافية في انتشار مرضي حساسية الجهاز التنفسي والربو في محافظة ذي قار == The Effect Of The Geographicl Factors In Spreading The Allergy Of The Respiratory System And Asthma In Thiqar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: عباس زغير محيسن المرياني
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The relationship between human and his environment in general and his health in special way, not generated during just past centuries, but it had its roots when the God created human on the earth. He is struggling to be adapted for his safety in the time that the environment is simple and uncomplicated either at the present time and under the industrial progress and environmental pollution situations, the human environment became complicated and health problems increased to be the main concerns of the complexity of the impact of seminars and scientific conferences. Perhaps say Legacy (Health is a crown on the heads of healthy people, just feeling by the patient) referring to particular importance of health. Respiratory disease considered as an environmental diseases that afflict a large portion of human society at different age groups, and quality. Wherever conditions were favorable for the human injury, he falls as prey on the impact of the disease. Respiratory disease, respiratory allergies and asthma has multiple causes, compatible with and due to the multiplicity of tissues and organs that being infections involved firstly, and for multiplicity of environmental factors that cause disease secondly. Human self - predisposing of allergies and asthma led to the respiratory infections irrelevant to the different environmental factors leading to the injury. Natural factors such as climate and its components have a direct or indirect effect. However, some human activity may result environmental changes such as air pollution that caused by gases and smoke particles that induce a negative impact on the respiratory system. These factors may initiate together interfering impact, creating a harmful atmosphere to human population in the absence of concern for the environment. Finally may reflected negatively on the health and human lifestyle and thus get many diseases, including allergy and asthma.The study is subjected to reveal the most prominent environmental factors (natural and human - making) that lead to the spread of respiratory illness (respiratory allergies and asthma) in the province of Thi Qar, and then find a correlation between them to show the temporal and spatial contrast as well as the identifying the demographic characteristics of infected people in correlation with by age and quality groups. The study is based on descriptive and statistical analytic approaches, which converts digital data into information for the purpose of the comparison and stand on the most important reasons that explain the change phenomenon in the time and place designated to serve the scientific research as well as that used observations and interviews for the purpose of collecting data and verifying their accuracy, especially for human side.This thesis considered as the first study interesting with geographical respiratory disease respiratory allergies and asthma distribution in Thi Qar province. It has been used a statistical ways and means to address the data to serve the research topic and on the basis that attended chapters as follows : The first chapter discussed the theoretical and organizational framework that included a range of environmental terminology and types of diseases and respiratory diseases, allergies and asthma.Chapter two contributes in the study of the environmental factors for the emergence of diseases, allergies and respiratory in ThiQar.Chapter three specializes in the study of temporal variation of the allergy of respiratory diseases during the period of 2004 - 2009 according to the following characteristics : - Annual changes to the allergies of respiratory diseases, asthma and its relationship to variable environmental factors. - Relationship of climate characteristics with seasonal variables for under study diseases.Chapter four interested in the following items : - Detection of spatial variation of infected people in related to diseases under study and the roles of environmental factors to show that variance. - The study of demographic characteristics (age and gender composition) of people with disease under study.

شط العرب : الخصائص الهيدرولوجية والاستثمارات المائية == Shatt - Al - Arab Hydro Logical Features And Water Exploitations

اسم المؤلف: صفية شاكر معتوق المطوري
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس | منعم مجيد حمد الحمادة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Shatt Al - Arab forms from the confluence of : rs main tributries the Tigris and Euphrates at Qurna. It occupies the lower part of the basin. It runs south - eastward to flow into the /\rab Gulf with 196 Km length and an average width of 500 m. The river depthvaries from 7 m at Fao to J 5 m in Basrah. Its total basin area is 909200 Krn2.The physical and human factors have agreate in flunce upon the geneual properties of water in the area. The geological struction itself has an influnce upon the river discharge throughout the seepage loses which take part in increasing the salt groundwater( approximately ( 8 - 64 ) m mhos I cm ) , in addition , the gentle slopes of the ground with an average of 0. 02 m I km decreased the river flow to ( approximately 0.55 m Is ).The dry climate with high temperatures approximately 24 , 8° C, low rainfall with an average annual of 142 mm and the interse evaporation 3090.51 mm , have their role in increasing the water losses from the river to 0.21 ~ill ion cubic meter ( bcm ).Furthermore , the human conditions inside and outside the country have their influnce upon the quantity and quality of water especially the upstream riparian basin states which take large scale development particularly in storage and irrigation. Also , the. traditional irrigation methods play a negative role in wasting and polluting water. Further , the increase in demanding wate1· for the different use aspects of improvements. The study of the hydrological properties indicate that the average water discharge reaches to 646 cumecs ( m3 I s ) ( 20.3 bcm ) for the period ( 1986 - 1998 ). Its water , discharge depends on its main tributaries : Tigris , Euphrates , Al - Sewib and Al - Eiz with an arerge annual of 168 , 151 , 105 , 222 cumecs Successively. It also depends on Al - Karon discharge with an average annual of 63 cumecs at present. The river discharge various yearly , seasonally and monthly depending on the water year properties , i.e. weather in is wet , neutral , or dry. Water levels vary also yearly ,seasonally and monthly depending on discharge and the influence of ebb and tide.The present study shows that Shatt - Al - Arab faces many problems such as the influence of storage projects and the exploitations of the upstream riparian states on water quantity and quality , the effect of different sorts of pollution. The area also suffers from lack of management staff in their duties and the absence of observation and association of the concerned authorities.Exploitation from all its sides proved that the present requirements controle 34.5 % of the available water. It was also revelied that the water budget in higher than the available water with an average surplus of 13.22 hem meanwhile , the area confronts future waher deficit as a result of the development in accomplishing irrigation and storage projects of the upstream basin states and Iraq which will reach to 82 bcm.

الاستقرار الريفي في قضاء شط العرب == A Stability Rural In The Shatt Al - Arab District

اسم المؤلف: لمى غازي عوفي التميمي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة التعرف على واقع الاستقرار الريفي في منطقة الدراسة والتي تحددت بقضاء شط العرب بحسب وحداته الادارية هي (مركز قضاء شط العرب، ناحية النشوة), اذ اشتمل القضاء على (39) مستقرة ريفية منها (18) مستقرة ريفية تقع ضمن مركز القضاء، و(21) مستقرة ريفية في ن | The aim of this research is to recognize on reality of rural stability in the ears of study, which located at Shatt - al - Arab according to its unit agnosticism, Which is (canton the Shatt al - Arab Center, Canton of Al - Nashua), Which includes (39) rural stable of which (18) are located at Canton Center, and (21) at Al - Nashua township, as Well as that the study improves that that influence 0f the historical dimension to the emergence of rural Settlements as the region Suffers to numerous administrative Changes as merging Al - Nashua township With all its settlements administratively With all Shatt - al - Arab in 1983 after that it Was belonged to Al Qurna township and thus prepare rural Settlements Served increased in the study area.......There are Several factors influenced the distribution of rural stability, including human and other natural and emerged three distributional patterns of Settlements served consisted linear pattern which forms the rate (64.1%) and the accumulated pattern by the rate (12.8%) and the dispersed patterns by the rate(23.1%) of the total numbers stable.The studies showed the variation in sizes settlements some of urban sprawl and its impact on reducing agricultural land area as a result of the process of saie of agricultural land and turn it into housing units resulting from population growth and family fission, as studies addressed the reason that led to the reluctance of farmers for agriculture and showed of farmers for agriculture. Population education, health and marketing as well as study the reality of educational, health and recreational services and the infrastructure as study followed uses of residential, agricultural, industrial and commercial land and therefore the study came out the conclusions aimed at the advelopmement of resistance spot and the advancement of the current betterment will be discussed and explained in detail through the chapters of the message

الوظيفة السكنية للمراكز الحضرية في قضاء المدينة == The Residential Function Of The Urban Centers In Al - Mdeyna District

اسم المؤلف: مريم خيرالله خلف
اسم المشرف: رعد ياسين محمد الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الوظيفة السكنية واحدة من الوظائف المهمة في المدينة كونها ترتبط بتجمعات سكانية كثيرة وكذلك تبرز اهميتها في مجمل الفعاليات والوظائف داخل المدينة فضلا عن اشتراكها مع بقية الوظائف في السيطرة على مساحة الحيز الحضري، كما انها تعنى بواحدة من اهم المتطلبات | The residential Function is considered as one of the important functions in the city ,Because : it is relates so many communities, as Its importance clearly appears in the whole activities and functions within the city, besides its participation with the other functions in controlling the area of the urban space. Residential Function is also concerned with one of the most important and essential human requirements that’s satisfy individual and family instincts, desires and privacies. Even if the city is devoid of some functions, we cannot imagine how a city without residence. Due to the increase of civilization around the world, the importance of residence was increases; Therefore the Residential Function occupies the widest area in all the cities of the world in comparison to what other functions occupy. The importance of the residential function appears from the ratio that occupies compared to the built area and the total space of the cite , But it may increase in the Developing Countries more than the Developed Ones, Because of lot of Specialists were interested in fields and cities’ variant scopes and the problems they suffer from ,They have been interested in the studies concerned with those problems and the attempt to find the properiate solutions. The Urban Studies is considered as one of the most geographical studies that dealt with Residential , due to its relationship with the population and the importance it has on the overall Functional activities in a cities as the industrial, commercial and service - ones. The thesis aims to study the residential function of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna District by following up the morphological stages those centers passed through, specifying the residential problem and the required methods to handle it. The study aims as well to reveal the residential structure of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and the contributed factors in forming the dwelling Fact whence the number of houses, their occupation degree and the constructional status of those houses, as well as to identify the reasons that make such cities unstable residentially, social and construction ally so as to state dwelling regions in it. Since there is no specialized urban studies handled the residential function in the urban centers of Al - Mdeyna district, this study adopt the obtained information from the field study represented by questionnaire, personal interviews and the visits to the related State offices.The nature of this study have required it to contain five chapters : Chapter One, deals with the morphology of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and give a historical background about the three centers , Chapter two handles the prototyped design that was drawn for the three cities and evaluating it. Chapter Three deals with the dwelling and city structures adopting a group of variables and criteria to highlight the dwelling districts reality and its locative contrast among the city parts; which, by the residential regions were revealed in the urban centers as studied in Chapter Four. Chapter Five concluded the study by addressing the residence problem in the city and the environmental issues the residential area suffer from, Reveal the reasons of the problem aggravation and the proposed solutions to handle that problem. Several conclusions and Recommendations concluded The Study.

تقييم كفاءة النقل البحري العراقي ودوره في التنمية الاقتصادية : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Evaluation Of Iraqi Maritime Transportation And Its Role In The Economic Development A Study In Transportation Geography

اسم المؤلف: نجم الدين عبد الله نجم الحجاج
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Maritime transportation is considered as one of the most important pillars of economy to any state in the world. It is an everlasting resource to that economy that support the treasury of the state. In addition, it is important to both international and internal trade. Ports are the contact points with other foreign states. They are transporters to different kinds of goods and products around the world. Besides, they help in mixing social and cultural relations among costal states and cities.Maritime transportation has pushed all states especially the developed ones to forward different types of investments in this sector due to the huge revenue. It is a useful resource if there is an appropriate economic, social and political climate. Some states rely about 70% on this sector as contribution to their income budgets.Maritime transportation in Iraq is not an exception, on the contrary, it contributes a great deal to the national budget. It contributes to the economic wheel of progress in the country. It is the vital vein to the different stuff of the whole trade. After 2003, there was a recognizable exposure to the world which resulted in overflow of various goods making use of the political change. About 85% of the different goods are imported through maritime transportation. it represent a lung to the country without which there would be a great deficiency.The study falls into five chapters, introduction, abstract, conclusion, and recommendations. Chapter One has two sections. Section one surveys the history of maritime transportation in Iraq. In section two we study the elements of the transportation(ship, road, port). Chapter Two deals with the natural and human resources that may affect the transportation. Chapter Three is devoted to the criteria of performance evaluation of maritime transportation in Iraq by applying these criteria on the elements of transportation. Chapter Four deals with the effect of transportation on the economic development. Chapter Five shows the present situation as well as the future expectation of maritime transportation in Iraq by forwarding future expectation from 5 to 10 years to arrive at changes and development that the transportation could witness

خارطة رؤيا المتغيرات البصرية الموزونة == Visual Map Of The Vision Variables Weighted

اسم المؤلف: امير عبد الرحمن محمود
اسم المشرف: علي عبد عباس العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الموصل
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الرسالة الرسوم البيانية ومفهومها واوضحت التراكيب والرسوم البيانية ذات الفائدة (المعبرة) والتراكيب البيانية عديمة الفائدة (غير المعبرة) وسبب عدم فائدتها في عدم قدرتها على كشف مجاميع المعلومات والمشاكل الموجودة ضمن الجداول البيانية وكذلك بين عدم صلاح | The letter included graphs and the concept and made it clear structures and graphs of interest (expressive) and compositions graphs useless (non - expressive) and the reason for not useful in their inability to detect groups of information and problems that exist within the charts as well as between the non - validity of the adoption of these structures in the decision - making processes to address problemsThe letter read to the concept of a map and a map of the perceived and through drawing and explanation qualitative maps. As well as between the drawing of maps that give an answer expressive and comprehensive maps, which suffer from a lack of clarification or that do not reveal all aspects of the problems they contain tables, graphs like graphs are useless. It was also in the letter columns to convert graphs to map aware depending on the data tables provided by the national report of the state of human development in Iraq for the year 2008. And to create columns and maps in the letter was used several computer programs including a program Microsoft Office Excel 2007 to create the tables and bar and also used the program Corel Draw X5 in the order of graphs and the display order of columns by the population and deepen beyond the average deficit for the purpose of showing the proportion of what you need provinces of facilities to raise the deficit in the services provided (education, health, housing, infrastructure) and the creation of graphs with standard compositions useful. The program was also used Arc GIS 9.3 in the creation and issuance of the maps of the letter and that mimic diagrams to clarify the issue of disability and the percentage of what you need from the provincial facilities.

توطن الصناعات النسيجية الرئيسة بمحافظة نينوى : تحليل جغرافي == Localization Of Textile Industry In Ninevah Governorate ( Geographical Analysis)

اسم المؤلف: احمد طلال خضر الطائي
اسم المشرف: محمد ازهر سعيد السماك
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الموصل
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يقصد بصناعة النسيج كل نشاط يؤدي الى تحويل الالياف والخيوط الى اي نوع من انواع النسيج المعروفة كالاقمشة والبطانيات والجواريب وغيرها.تتخللها عدة عمليات ابتداء من مرحلة تحضير الالياف ثم غزلها لتحويلها الى خيوط ثم مرحلة النسيج لكي تصبح منسوجات صالحة للاستخدا | This Reserch Aims To Study The Existing Situation of Textile Industries In The Governorate of Ninevah. This Industry Considers one of The Most Important Industries In The Governorate. Its Importance Comes From Provide The Clothes For Human.The reserch discussed the following sides : 1 - The Current Geographical Distribution for the Textile Industries in the Governorate of Ninevah.2 - The Factor Which Affected and affecting on This Distribution.3 - Distribution the probleme and Obstruction of the Textile Industries in the Governorate and presentation some solutions and suggestion to face all troubles and Obstructions then reduce it. the reserch depend on the practical study and the questionnaire from which took.about six months which depending on some data which available in the union of Industries and the directorate of the Industrial statstics department of ninevah the. study reached to the following result conclusion : 1 - the economic consideration ( raw materials and market ) playd big role in choosing the units location of this molustry to abtainless cost to transport the raw materials to the factories and transport the production to the market with less cost.2 - the study showed that the spatial concentration for the textile was in the right side from al - mosul city in ( al - sinaa al - kadima , al - eslah al - zeraee , al - agedat , al - mansur and wadee hajar ) and this concentration came in these regions for many factors such as the Governmental considrations and near from markets and the availability of workers and transeportation.

الصناعات الخشبية في مدينة كربلاء : دراسة في جغرافية الصناعة == The Wooden Industries In The City Of Kerbala

اسم المؤلف: مشتاق طالب صالح
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي | سلمى عبد الرزاق عبد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ركزت الدراسة باهدافها ومنهجها المستخدم على دراسة الصناعات الخشبية بفروعها الثلاث (صناعة الموبيليات، صناعة الابواب واطاراتها، صناعة اطارات الصور) في مدينة كربلاء مستهدفه دراسة واقع هذه الصناعة ومعرفة طبيعة انتشارها الجغرافي واهم العوامل التي اسهمت في توزيع | Study focused its objectives and the approach used to study the three branches of timber industry (industry Mobillat industry, doors and frames, photo frames industry) in the city of Karbala targeted study of the reality of this industry and knowledge of the nature of geographical spread and the most important factors that contributed to the distribution and analysis of such factors, the study was that there was a problem Variation in the geographical distribution of the timber industry in the city of Karbala and the differences and differences in the nature of the human factors. The hypothesis of the study it was noted by the study that there are many spatial and economic factors have had a clear impact in the distribution of the timber industry, in terms of production and vulnerability factors (capital, the number of workers, the market..) The approach was to rely on descriptive and quantitative analysis to verify the questions and access to the results, has been the use of statistical packages (spss) through which were used (Pearson correlation coefficients to examine the relationship between independent variables and the statement of strength and direction of the relationship between them, to test the Innova (Anova) to demonstrate the moral link, multi - regression analysis and test out the impact of independent variables in the dependent variable and testing the entry of independent variables in the equation predictive), the study found was a group of the most important conclusions : Focus timber industry in the sectors of the Old City and Al - Jazeera, which affected several variables varied in strength and influence and their relationship to each other endemic in the industry, including (capital market, labor), where the results of statistical analysis showed that the capital alone explained the image of the spatial variation Of the value of production in the old city and the number of workers in both sectors and Alhaidariya island, wood industries suffer from several problems, including : the poor storage of starting material and some types of poor and drop the ongoing power cuts have been enhanced using the study (33) a, (14) map (7) graphics, (17) picture

تطور النقل البحري لموانئ العراق (1950 - 2000) : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Development Of Sea Transport In Iraq Ports (1950 - 2000)

اسم المؤلف: علي حسين خميس حسن العنزي
اسم المشرف: حميد غالب عجيل السكيني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims at investigation sea transport in Iraqi ports during the period of 1950 - 2000. Geography of sea transport has not been given enough attention by the researchers in spite of its high importance. Needless to say that such studies will give clear insights about the dynamics of sea cleat in sights about the dynamics f sea transport as one of the most important human and social activities. Sea transport and coordinating the roles of the other sectors such as preparing these sectors and making them more capable of benefiting and developing the societies so as to serve the national economy. To achieve the aims of this research and to provide the proper solution and to provide the proper solutions for the many problems of sea transport and ports in Iraq, the researcher divided the study into four chapters. Chapter one presents a historical review of Iraqi ports since the first civilizations in ancient Iraq. Its also mentions the struggle among the other ancient civilization to control Iraqi ports up to the modern time. The chapter two also draws a real picture of every Iraqi port today. Chapter two tackles the human and natural effects that limit the activity and the direction of the sea transport coming to the Iraqi ports. Chapter three studies the naval services in Iraqi ports by highlighting the activities and the capacities of production in the establishments like wharves, warehouses stores, cranes and other means of transport in these ports. Chapter four deals with the movement and the direction of sea transport. This includes preparing ships, cargo movement inside the ports in addition to shedding light on the roles of persons as means of transport. The chapter also analyzed the role of the Iraqi ports in Iraqi foreign trade. It also discusses the spatial relations among the Iraq ports concerning the direction of transport, the trade transaction on the wharves, predicting the future potentials of the amount transported and the geographical. Location selected for constructing new Iraqi ports. The most important conclusions of the study are : 1. The different human and natural factors affect the Iraqi ports either positively or negatively. 2. The geographical location of Iraq ports that can serve Iraqi foreign trade. 3. Iraqi ports offer good naval services. 4. Political and economic affect the activities in the country highly affect the activities in the Iraqi ports to the extent that they can completely stop them. 5. Sea transport is one of the main components of the infrastructure and it is a basic element of Iraqi national economy

الصناعات الغذائية الكبيرة فـــــي العــــراق : دراسة في الجغرافية الصناعية == The Big Manufactures For Food In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: فارس مهدي محمد
اسم المشرف: عبد العزيز محمد حبيب العبادي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The purpose of this study is to analyse the establishing factors of the big feeding manufacture in Iraq and study its geographical cantext with an explantion and suitable resolution to its problems.The subject is chosen because there is no previous , independent and defailed , study in our country inspile of the fat that it is of high importance to us.The study falls into four chapters. the first is about the importance and the imporvement of the big feeding manufacture. The second is about the essence and the factores of the monufacturing establishment. The third is about the big feeding manufacture’s situation and its geographical distribution throughont our country ( 22 sectors of the big feeding manufacture are involved in the study ). The fourth explainsd the problems and provides the suitable solution to them. The study helps the researcher to arrive of furdamental conclusions. The following are the most important ones : 1. The big feeding manufacture has the great importance in Iraqi for it provides the individuals with the needed and basic materials. Such as to grind the seeds , Sugar , vegetable oil , and package.2. The big feeding manufacture has the greatest importance in comparision with the middle and smal feeding manufacture. This is because it provides the great amount of money.3. The big feeding manufacture has the greafast asnd the most important place within the others. That is , the number of the big feeding manufacture’s factories has increased to reach ( 192 ) up within the year ( 2000 ). These factopries are distributed throughout the ( 15th ) governments , including ( 20540 ) workers.4. The number of the special secfor factories has became ( 178 ) within the year ( 2000 ) including (8507 ) workers. While the number of the socialist secfor factories has became ( 13 ) , incl;uding ( 9543 ) workers. Finally the , the number of the mixed secfor factories has became ( 5 ) , including ( 2492 ) workers. 5. Throughout the study’s appliction during the year ( 2001 ) , it appears that the number of both factories and workers within the two sectors of the socialits and the mixed , is just the same of that of the Ministry of Planning manifestation , whereas the number of the special sector factories has became ( 328 ) - , including ( 21308 ) workers.6. Factors of astablishing manufacture have affected the industrial places , such as row materials , the government’s , politics , the location and other factors which have the great importancve in specifying the right industrial locations.7. The biog feeding manufature is focused within ther governments of Baghdad , Deyala m Wassit , Alnajaf , Kahrbalah , Meessan. Their percertages are ( 0.26 ; 0.03 ; 0.007 ; 0.003 ; 0.01 ; 0.02 ) perspectively , whereas there is no such focus within the governments of Basrah , Ninevah , Thiquari Babylon , AlQuadisea , Altaameem. Alanbar , Almuthena and Salahaddeen. Their pecenfages are ( - 0.09 ; - 0.0006 ; - 0.02 ; - 0.08 ; - 0.05 ; - 0.01 ) perspectively.8. The study reveals that there are manufactures that have strategic importance in Iraq , such as industrial oils , industrial sugar. Besides , these industries are in need for more improivement to get work again.9. There are industries that have a special importance within each government. such industries are considered the most needed manufactures for both socity and individuals , such manufactures are to grind the seeds , making ice , ete. 10. There are monufactures that are not found except within the government of wassil ( making the mite squeeze ) , or * making alcohol , local gum and cigar ) within the government of Baghdad. 11. Inspile of the fact , the time , that is allotted to the measuring of the complex growth of the big feeding manufacture , was very little , this little time has a chieved a considerable complex growth for both factories and workers.The complex growth percentage was ( % - 17.76 during the year of ( 1995 ) and it becames ( % 4.38 ) during the year of ( 2000 ) as for as factories are concerned , whereas for workers the percentage was ( % - 2.96 ) and becomes ( % 1.82 ). The same is true for the addition values ; production values and the needed materials for production.12. Many factories are chased because there are no row materials. Such factories are those which concerned with the vegetable oils and sugar. 13. The big feeding manufactures are suffering many problem especially those that are related to the row mateerials and their scarce , beside forcign compefition ; cutting electricity ; not many cool vehicles , ete.]]]

العلاقة المكانية بين النقل والصناعات التحويلية في محافظة صلاح الدين == Place Relationship Between Transportation And Transformational Industries In Salah Al - Din

اسم المؤلف: شبيب احمد علي العزاوي
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد دراسة العلاقة المكانية بين النقل والصناعات التحويلية من الاتجاهات الاكاديمية الهامة في مجال الجغرافية الاقتصادية في ضوء الاسلوب الوصفي والكمي الدقيق المستخدم للوصول الى العلاقة بين المتغيرات ووضع الحلول والمقترحات للمشكلات التي تعترضها، يضاف الى ذلك ا | Studying place relationship between transportation and transformational industries in Salah Al - Din from the academic important direction in the field of geography through using descriptive style and quantity to reach to the relationship between changeable then putting solutions and suggestion for the problems that confront it , adding to that using field style in studying medium and big industrial institutions in the geographical area in Salah Al - Din. Finding the relationship between land ways net and distributing the industrial institutions is the scientific aim which the study search for it in addition to the relationship between changeable of the study that connected with the area and the cost of transportation and workers and capital and the productive power in the governorate , while the research supposition came because there is mutual relationship between the capacity of land transport net and the transformational industrial institutions in Salah Al - Din research stages had passed to many steps like the stage of gathering in formation and data through office resources and filed visits which contain personal interview with relation in transportation and industry , them stage of handling these information and data through representing in schedules and forms and distribution maps. The research had organized through dividing it into five chapter as aim to achieve positive acceptable handling the problem, every chapter divided in to many topics one complete the other to answer research problem and it's method which the study introduction include it. The first chapter handled natural and human geographical properties which the study area distinguish by it and it's positive and negative effects on the sector of Industry and transportation. While the second chapter handled the types of land transportation road net in the governhorate of Salah al - Din and it's development since ( 1956 - 2003) center of types of ways of transportation where the main and sub and rural paved land ways in addition to the dust ways, also railway and it's development and effect in the transportation services , and transportation oil pipes and it's length and role in the industrial development. While the third chapter handled the development of industry in Salah Al - Din for the period ( 19580 2003) and clearing the structure of the industrial institutions and it's sizes in the governorate where the institutions were divided in to three sectors and they are the sector of food industry and the sector of chemical and petrochemical industry and construction industry and they are the well known sectors in the governorate in a clear way. While the fourth chapter included place distribution in the transformational industries in Salah al - Din and according to the three industrial sectors and it was clear through the distribution that there are districts centralize in it many industries like Samaraa and Balad while there are poor industrial districts like Dujil and Shirqat. While the fifth chapter the essence of the study handled the place difference for transport costs whether in area material or industrial products or in transforming power resources with clarifying the effect of costs in distributing industrial institutions and sign it. And through the study it had been clear that land roads have big effect in building industrial institutions in Salah Al - Din because the existence of main and sub roads following it appearance of the industrial institutions and most of the industrial institutions it's establishment came after constructing land roads. It had been notice that there are a big difference in the costs of transforming the main raw materials and in marketing the production and according to the location of the raw material and consuming centers in addition to the quality of transportation means whether in cars or trains or pipes of oil transforming. Through that the answer was clear about the main problem in the research that there are mutual relationship between transportation roads and the industrial institution in the governorate and there is an economical relationship between changeable which moved in it production elements. The study had reach to many recommendations like the necessity of care in transportation road net and developing it and supplying modern trucks and developed railways with supplying modern trains, and construct new ways for land roads and increasing bricks and cement factories in the governorate, the study had based to schedules and forms and maps which came to certify the adjective of supporting to clear the vision to the reader

الخصائص السكانية لقضاء المقدادية للمدة (1977م - 1997م)

اسم المؤلف: شروق عبد الاله حسين الدليمي
اسم المشرف: حسن محمد حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد قضاء المقدادية من الاقضية التابعة لمحافظة ديالى، ويقع على يسار نهر ديالى على بعد 35كم من مركز قضاء بعقوبة، يحدها من الشمال قضاء خانقين ومن الجنوب قضاء بعقوبة ومن الشرق قضاء بلدروز ومن الغرب قضاء الخالص. يضم التشكيل الاداري للقضاء كل من ( مركز القضاء

القوى العاملة الزراعية في محافظة ديالى : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Agrarian Manpower In Dayala Province : 1977 - 1997

اسم المؤلف: وسن شهاب احمد العبيدي
اسم المشرف: حسن محمد حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى تناول موضوع القوى العاملة الزراعية في محافظة ديالى خلال المدة ( 1977 - 1997 )، والتي تندرج تحت ظل الدراسات السكانية الجغرافية البشرية، وقد انتظمت الدراسة في خمسة فصول.الفصل الاول تناول الاطار النظري للبحث حيث بحث فيه مشكلة البحث وفرضيا | The study deals with agraian manpower in the province of Dayala, for the period 1977 - 1997, in the field of Geography of Population. Five chapters contain the whole work. The first chapter presents the theoretical frame of the study, namely; the research problem, the tested hypothesis, descriptive presentation of the study area, and assessing the related studies. The second chapter gives details about the used concepts, the development of agrarian manpower, its characteristics, and structure. The distribution of agrarian manpower over the land of the province was delineated in the third chapter, compared and judged against the distribution of other kinds of manpower. Physical factors that affect the distribution of agrarian manpower in the study area were dealt with in the fourth chapter. These factors were regarded as the responsible for the distinguished patterns. The fifth chapter emphasizes on human development in the province. The development indicators were looked at in close, especially education and sanitary conditions and there impact on the development of agrarian manpower. The rule of road network dose not ignored in this chapter.The study comes to a conclusion that : - 1 - Agrarian manpower in the study area was negatively grown during the period (1977 - 1987) (1.7 - ), then divert to the positive growth during the nineties (9.31).2 - The sex ratio indicates the surplus, and the increase, of the number of males compared with the number of females in the agrarian manpower throughout the study period (68.7%, 83.2%, and 84.7%).3 - Dramatic changes in the participation of different age groups in the agrarian manpower were took place. Such changes were highlighted in ratio from.4 - Agrarian manpower mirrored the political, economic, and social milieus.

التحليل المكاني لمرائب النقل في محافظة ديالى : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Spatial Analysis Of Transportation Garages In Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: وسام متعب محمد ياسين الباوي
اسم المشرف: خضير عباس خزعل التميمي | سامي عزيز عباس العتبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان موضوع الدراسة حول مراب النقل في محافظة ديالى على انها تمثل محطات بدا الرحلة ونهايتها متمثلة لحركة وسائط النقل الداخلي والخارجي اي النقل داخل كل قضاء من اقضية المحافظة والنقل خارج مركز القضاء وربطها مع الاقضية والنواحي المجاورة مع مركز المحافظة وكذلك رب | The subject matter of this study is about the transportation garages in Diyala province because they represent the beginning stations of the journey and the ending point , the movement of transportation means inside or outside of the district and linking the district with other districts and provinces especially with the capital Baghdad and the neighboring provinces like Kirkuk. Since this subject is lengthy and wide, thus, this thesis is limited to the main garages in each district because it is one of the active elements in the transportation web and this study is a detailed one about the place, total area of the lines working on the garages and the problems they are facing and making suggestion for possible future remedies to avoid the current mistakes.The study depended on different and various references : field study, statistical study which is represented by applying ((Waiting Lines Theory)) to the garages and the scientific references like Master and Ph.D. thesis, Arabic and foreign books, scientific magazines beside the published and unpublished reports and since the subject of the study is new therefore the researcher made a wide and a comprehensive field study for about three months from 1/1/2002 till 30/12/2002.The study contains four chapters : the first contains the transportation concepts while the second is about the geographic factors affecting operating the car road web in the province which represented by analyzing the natural factors (geographical area, elevations and surface contains, weather, water supplies) while the human factors are (people and their distribution and growth, the use of land). While the third chapter handles analyzing the structures of the garages in the province and the location of the garage and its uses. On the other hand, the fourth chapter tackles applying the ((Waiting Lines Theory))to the garages beside the conclusions and the recommendations

انشاء قاعدة معلومات مكانية لاغراض التخطيط وتقويم خدمتي الصحة والتعليم في مدينة المقدادية

اسم المؤلف: اسراء هيثم احمد صالح العبيدي
اسم المشرف: مضر خليل العمر | صلاح عبد الحميد صالح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:

واقع ومستقبل خدمتي الماء الصافي والمجاري في مدينة بعقوبة : دراسة في جغرافية الخدمات

اسم المؤلف: سعيد فاضل احمد
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:

مشكلة الملوحة واثرها في التباين المكاني للانتاج الزراعي في قضاء بلد == The Problem of The Salinty And Its Impact on The Spatial Variation of Agricultural Production in The District of Balad

اسم المؤلف: ياسين عبد النبي حمادة محمود الدليمي
اسم المشرف: ظافر ابراهيم طه ياسين العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد مشكلة الملوحة من اهم المشاكل البيئية المعاصرة التي باتت تهدد الانتاج الزراعي والانسان وتحد من نشاطاته وتطورها في الوقت الحاضر والمستقبل مما يتطلب الحد من تاثيراتها للحفاظ على مفردات البيئة، ونظرا لان هذه المشكلة اصبحت لا تقف حدودها على منطقة معينة او | The problem of saltiness is the most important problems in the contemporary environment which threatens the human beings and reduce their activity and its development now and in the future so we have to reduce its effects to protect our environment. Since this problem is not found only in this place or this country and its effect begins to appear generally in our country and specially in the area of the study , We choose this subject to the causes of this problem in the are of the study now and in the future. The climate in the area of this study is dry and semidry which is accompanied with different properties of soil and water and many problems which lead to the decrease of agricultural production and agricultural lands. In addition the use of different ways in irrigation, the bad quality of the systems of drainage canals and wide areas of agricultural lands are left as a waste land and not exploited. As a result there is increase in the salty lands and the expansion in the summer agriculture. All these elements help to expand and differ the appearances of saltiness in the area of the study. We depend on the statistics and the available information's and also we use maps and space photos to reach the Remote sensing for the salty areas and its geographical contribution. We put the successful solutions to reduce the effects of this problem depending on the international and Iraqi experiences which have been applicated to cure this problem and stop its effects on the environment now and in the future

الموازنة المائية المناخية في محافظة ديالى == Climant Water Balance In Diyala Governorate

اسم المؤلف: نزار رزوقي وهيب الزيدي
اسم المشرف: فليح حسن كاظم الاموي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study focuses on giving a clear picture of the reality of climate water balance in Diyala province through the relationship between the rainfall and evapotranspiration on the other hand.This thesis came four chapters , the first chapter which include the theoretical framework and a brief review of the most important of the previous studies that are relevant to the subject of study.The second chapter included the study of impact (astronomical location , geographical location , topography , albedo , vegetation ) on the climate of the study area and the study concluded in this chapter that these controls are heavily influenced by all elements of the climate of the study area.While the third chapter included guarantees the study of the impact of climatic elements ( solar radiation , temperature , relative humidity, rainfall, evaporation , wind , dust storms ) on the climatic water balance , as the study found in this chapter that all these elements affect , directly or indirectly values that water balance.While Chapter fourth included calculated values of each of the evaporation / transpiration and water balance climate of the study area , which has been a set of equations by which to found those values , namely, ( equation Ivanov , equation Khosla , equation Thornthwait , equation Cottajn , equation Billy - Chridl , equation Najib Khrovh ) was applied equations of their area of study and two ( equation Ivanov , and the equation of Khosla ) shows the application of both equations on the study area to found the values of the evaporation / transpiration inherent to the study area suffers from a significant rise in the values of evaporation as the annual average of those values according to Ivanov equation (3077,6 , 2627) mm , respectively, for the stations (Khanaqin , Al khalias). either in the equation Khosla , reaching values (1368,2 ,1278,2) mm , respectively, for the same stations.Either in calculating the values of climatic water balance equations for both equations negative results except in the month of January has recorded station Khanaqin positive result amounted to (10,2) in the equation of Ivanov , and (11,1) in the equation o Khosla

الوظيفة التجارية لمدينة بعقوبة ومجالات تاثيرها التجاري في محافظة ديالى == The Commercial Funtion Of Baquba City And Its Commercial Influence Spheres In Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: سعيد فاضل احمد
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This represents thesis independent study first job commercial city of Baquba.. and study followed the style " geographically " economically "to determine the extent of the central business district of central for residents of the city, and areas of influence commercial city of Baquba, in the territory of the administrative Diyala province , on the basis of administrative units , as well as studied the composition of trade of the city.The study rated " procedural " section of the business disciplines singular shops to ten commodity groups , three groups of commercial service and has the effect of spatial areas of study for each commodity group or service.The study was based on field work to obtain the data necessary , through four forms included the families of the city and county , traders and owners of commercial services organizations , and the aim was to follow two methods to obtain the data , namely : - 1 - Question families in the city and the province.2 - Q merchants in the city of Baquba.And followed the style " integral " to employ the results of questionnaires for the purpose of identifying and mapping the areas of influence of the spatial city of Baquba, in Diyala province.The study reflects the results of the quantity of these relationships , and adopted their own standards to determine the region for widespread heavy for the weak and adopted the method of isolines (ISO LINES) Alcartokrava representation in the areas of commercial impact , for groups of goods and services in the province of Diyala.The study included (40) and table (39) and MAP (27) and graphic form (12) and image (13) accessory.These study data that emerged from the study of the field and installed in their schedules and its Annexes , as well as the findings of , form the basis of important information and data for the purpose of planning for the commercial and economic activity for the city of Baquba and the administrative territory of Diyala province.

مشروع نهر العز : دراسة في جغرافية الموارد المائية == Al : Ezz Project River : A Study In Geography Of Water Resources

اسم المؤلف: حسن خليل حسن المحمود
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

مركزية موقع البصرة وهامشيته في صيرورة التاريخ : دراسة في الجغرافية التاريخية == Centralitv Of Basrah Location And Its Maruinalitv In Historv Process A Study Of Historical Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن علي عبد الرحمن الجادر
اسم المشرف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Basrah loc.ation has moved from one site to another. The movement of this location directed the course of the historical events because viewing the geographical location from different corners reveal various results which add to its dynamics. The flexibility of location helped in clarifying the geographical location and Its activity is one of the important factors in formulating the qualities and the morphology of the region and its effect on the human life and activities. These qualities and morphology emerges as results of its relations with the other geographical locations.The value of the geographical location may completely changes either towards improving or deteriorating which, in tum , means a maximum benefit or a maximum harm by the people.To achieve its aim, the study is divided into three chapters. The chapters are as follows : Chapter One tackles the concept of historical geography and it studies the geographical qualities of the city. The chapter concentrates on the location of Basrah and some of its natural qualities. Chapter Two deals with the historical events and their relation to the place in addition to the location response. Of the topics studied in this chapter aresequencing the historical events in the place and the way location of Basrah responded to the challenges of exploiting the historical events by the place throughout its history.Chapter Three discusses the spatial relations of the city of Basrah by studying the nature of these relations throughout the history of the city in addition to studying distribution of other centers that have spatial relations with the city of Basrah.

مدينة الفاو تطويرها الوظيفي وعلاقاتها الاقليمية == Fao City Its Functional Development A : Qd Regional Relatiollships

اسم المؤلف: محمد عنون مويش عبد الله السوداني
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1998
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims to analyze the functional structure of Fao City in order to evaluate its functional efficiency as an appropriate environement for its people.Fao City is different from other cities of Iraq, as it had developed in usual! conditions up to 1980, and was suddenly occupied and destroyed during eight years ending in 1988. In 1989, a new planned city of Fao was built by great efforts of thestate, which achieved most of their goals in only 123 days. The study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the general geographical characteristics in two parts, firstly, the physical features of site and situation which includegeological structures, to pography, climate, water resources, and soils. Secondary, popullation characteristics of the city and its and its region, inculding population growth, and sex, age, and economic structures of population.The second chapter examines the old city of Fao in two parts, the first one deals with the historical development of the city, and the second with its functional structure, which consists of the commercial, industrial, residential and service functions,as well as the regional relationships of the city. The new city of Fao is discussed in chapter three, to study the master plan, functional structures, and regional relationships of the city, and evaluating its functional efficiency.The last part of the study is devoted to the conclusion and proposals to develope the city and its region.Finally, it can be said that the present study may contribute to the urban and rural planning for Fao City and the region.

توجهات تركيا نحو اقطار الخليج العربي : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية

اسم المؤلف: عبد الزهرة شلش زامل علوان العتابي
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم المطلبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1997
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The geographical situation of Turkey and the Arab Gulf countries gives them a geographic - strategic importance that they attract the attention of the big forces of the world. Turkey is the ring that links Europe to Asia or the west to the East. The Arab countries have a. very vital position in the world. They extend to the r\rab Sea and the Indian Ocean. Moreover, this spot has the biggest reservior of oil and a huge abundance of capital.The study begins with a suppossition that bas the form of a question which is answered throughout the research. The question is : Do the Geof,rraphic factors have effects on the nature of Turkish appeals towards the Arab Gulf countries?The research uses the analytical and morphological methods, the historical incidents, the geogrr ~ckles the natureal components like the geographic. astronomical, continental and marine situation of Turkey and the six Arab Gulf countries (Sandia Arabia, United Arab Amarates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, m;, · ~ - T ' chapter studies also the surface of land, Geo1o,rraphica : f;[on'n.ate and water : resources of both regions. The second chapter deals wi~f;!.. •• components like the population, economy

سكان دول الساحل الغربي للخليج العربي : دراسة جغرافية ديموغرافية مقارنة == Population Of The West Coast States Of The Arabian Gulf A Geographical, Demographical Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
اسم المشرف: رياض ابراهيم السعدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1998
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تجارة العراق الخارجية غير النفطية للفترة 1975 - 1985 : دراسة في جغرافية التجارة

اسم المؤلف: كاظم عبادي حمادي الجاسم
اسم المشرف: سرى محمود المدرس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير التلوث الصناعي في التوزيع الجغرافي لامراض الحساسية والربو في محافظة البصرة

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن جري مردان الحويدر
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

الخدمات التجارية في مدينة الحلة == The University Of Basrah College Of Arts Department Of Geography

اسم المؤلف: فؤاد عبد الله محمد
اسم المشرف: مضر خليل العمر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Considerable interest was, and still is, given to the city by scholars of various sciences in general, and by geographers in particular, because of the great significance it has on people's life, evidenced in the functions and services it offers.In spite of the small space the commercial services occupy from the total area of the city, these services are deemed as one of the major pillars of the city. Also, the traditional function tbat is inherent in the primary evolution of large number of cities, besides seeking to meet the needs of people for commodities and services, particularly those used in final consumption, represents an important sophisticated aspect and economic support of the city. Being so, it would be natural for Hilla city to attract the attention of the scholars of geography due to its significance and particularity in this field that made it occupy and represent the centre of Middle Furat region.This Thesis is divided into Five Chapters : The first chapter discusses the historic background through three topics. The first topic deals with the location and its significance in giving the city special importance influencing its functional structure and thenature of the relations existing between it and the other places. The second issue tackles the historic evolution of the city in which light is shed on the historic stages through which the city of Hilla has passed and the tasks it fulfilled as a city of vital location. The third aspect looked into the historic development of the commercial function in the city across time stages and roles and discussed some factors that had a major contribution in the development of the commercial function. The second chapter dealt with the commercial services in the city, which formed an introduction to the subject of the thesis. In this chapter tradesmen were classified in the city, as well as classifying the wholesale trade to local and central categories. It also iscussed the fiscal services in the city and their influence on the maintenance of the commercial activity in particular, as well as studying the complementary services of commercial nature and their influence on maintaining the economic activity movement, in general, and the commercial activity, in particular.The third chapter dealt with tte usages of the C.B.D, in the city of Hilla through various topics. These topics included the definition of the central commercial area in accordance with known standards; the study of the commercial structure of the city; the emonstration of the hierarchical succession of marketing centres therein, whereafter the role and significance of each centre is illustrated in fulfilling the needs of the people; the of the city in which light is shed on the historic stages through which the city of Hilla has passed and the tasks it fulfilled as a city of vital location. The third aspect looked into the historic development of the commercial function in the city across time stages and roles and discussed some factors that had a major contribution in the development of the commercial function. The second chapter dealt with the commercial services in the city, which formed an introduction to the subject of the thesis. In this chapter tradesmen were classified in the city, as well as classifying the wholesale trade to local and central categories. It also discussed the fiscal services in the city and their influence on the maintenance of the commercial activity in particular, as well as studying the complementary services of commercial nature and their influence on maintaining the economic activity movement, in general, and the commercial activity, in particular. The third chapter dealt with tte usages of the C.B.D, in the city of Hilla through various topics. These topics included the definition of the central commercial area in accordance with known standards; the study of the commercial structure of the city; the demonstration of the hierarchical succession of marketing centres therein, whereafter the role and significance of each centre is illustrated in fulfilling the needs of the people; the study of the commercial usage in the basic designs of the city of Hilla and the comparison of such usage with the marketing facilities in a number of foreign (European) cities in order to realize the planning situation in Iraq and thereafter to bring about such facilities or marketing centres.Chapter four dealt with the geographical distribution patterns for four commercial categories. In this chapter grocery, ready made clothes, textiles and jewellery shops were chosen. By using quantitive techniques, distribution patterns for each category were arrived at, through which the significance of each category on the city life can be demonstrated and the places of their existence in accordance therewith. The chapter also compared a number of these categories with their counterparts in foreign cities, as well as intercomparing these categories with each other, so that the significance of individual category on the life of the city and people can be determined.The last chapter was dedioated to the method of shopping in the city. Quantitive techniques were used and the city was devided into statistical areas for the purpose of identifying the potentials of the shopping behaviour; to demonstrate the role and significance of each marketing centre in attracting people from the various parts of the city; to show the influence of a great number of variables and factors on the acquirement, by the city's dwellers, of a specific trend in shopping, whether from its main marketing centre or from its secondary marketing places. This work aims at reaching to a number of targets, These being : 1. To define the central commercial district of the city and the area of the commercial core therein in the light of a number of standards used in the urbanite studies such as the value of the land and the rates of rent.2. To reveal the state of things in the city, especially of its main commercial centre, and to follow up the movement of the commercial habilitation within the central commercial area and in the other sectors of the city.J. To dectate the shopping behaviour in the study area •

واقع التركيب التعليمي في محافظة النجف الاشرف للمدة 1997 - 2013 واتجاهاته المستقبلية == The Educational Structure Reality In The Governorate Of Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf For 1997 - 2013 And Its Future Tendencies

اسم المؤلف: هيلين محمد عبد الحسين البديري
اسم المشرف: حسين جعاز ناصر الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبحث هذه الدراسة في واحدة من اهم خصائص السكان وهي الحالة التعليمية , وتاتي اهميتها من كونها احدى المؤشرات الرئيسية لمدى وعي المجتمع ونضوجه الفكري , ومدى ادراكه لاهمية التعليم , وقد تناولت الدراسة التطور الكمي والنوعي للتربية والتعليم وتوزيعه الجغرافي ومو | This study tackles one of the main characteristics of population in Al - Najaf governorate which is the educational state. Its importance lies in being one of the main indications of the awareness of the society and its intellectual maturity and understanding the importance of education. This study tackled the qualitative and quantitative development of education and its geographic distribution. lt started from literacy and ended with the higher education and the variables affecting the educational structure. lt adopted the factor statistical analysis within spss program and the field and planning methods through auditing, observation and collecting data and analyzing them. The main resselts that the study reached are : - An increase in the number of the students within a short period as a result of an increase in the number of teachers and a lack in the number of school buildings and the financial resources. - Through the field study for 2013, it has been revealed that the percentage of the students enrolling in the study was %63 for both males and females and those who did not constitute %37, but that does not that they are literates because the percentage of literacy was %27.9. therefore, the rest %9.1refers to the rest of the population who are under five years as well as those who completed high schools and those who graduated from colleges. - It has been revealed through the field study that the percentage of the students in schools increases according to the region; in the rural area it reached %23 and in the urban areas it reached %77 of the population. - The percentage of literacy in 1997 in the study area reached %24.3 then it decreased a year after the other until it reached %27.9 according to the study results for 2013 of the population aging 15 and more for both sexes. The least percentage of the urban areas reached %20.7 and the highest literacy percentage in the rural areas was %42.3. - Four variables were determined that affect the educational structure of the population in the study area within SPSS program. Together, these variables explained %84 of the total variation that were used in the program, of these variables is fertility, female education, family income and work opportunities according to the results of the field study for 2013.The main recommendations that were listed in the study were : - The necessity for making the elementary, intermediate and also kinder garten education to be obligatory to decrease the difference between the children who enroll in the pre - school education and those who do not. - The difference in the percentage of the enrolment of males and females of the ages within the adopted educational level should be decreased. - Increasing the attention to the needs of the school buildings in the districts of the study area which will lead eventually to separate the schools with double shifts.

التركيب التعليمي في العراق : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Educational Structure In Iraq A Study In Population Geography

اسم المؤلف: لمياء احمد محسن مخلف
اسم المشرف: عباس فاضل السعدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على التركيب التعليمي العمري والنوعي والتوزيع البيئي واهم المتغيرات المؤثرة في التركيب التعليمي لسكان العراق والبحث عن عوامل تباين هذه التركيب فيما بين الوحدات الادارية للعراق والعلاقات المكانية التي تفسر هذا التباين وتوضيح هذه

الكفاءة والوظيفية لمدينة العمارة == The Functional Efficiency Of Amara City

اسم المؤلف: قاسم مهاوي خلاوي ناصح الزهيري
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to evaluate the functional efficiency of Amara city, to derennine the degree of efficiency of the functions performed by the city to its population according to the local and international criteria. The emphasis will be placed on the four main and vital functions, residential, commercial, social services, health, and education.The study area includes the build - up area of Amara by which is the primate city of its functional region, so Misan govemorate. The field - work is the main area to obtain data required by the study. A detailed questionaire was the most important procedure of that field - work, covering a sample of SoAI of the total population in the city, as well as interviewing many persons working in puplic and private establishments and other local people.The study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the general geographical characteristics, including physical ones of city site and situation, physical development, and population growth and structures.The second chapter studies the rendential function, including its development, classification of residential units, residential density, and the characteristics of residential structure.The third chapter is devoted to study the commercial function, including its development, commercial structure and the regional role of the function.The social services are considered inn chapter four, particulary education and health, including service development, thier geographical distribution, and the distribution of the persons working in the service establishment.Chapter five includes the study of the evalution efficiency of the previously mentioned functions.The study finally temllnates with a detailed conclusion followed proposals to develop the functional efficiency of Amara city.

الصراع الصومالي الاثيوبي حول منطقة الاوجادين : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية

اسم المؤلف: باسم نايف داود السعدي
اسم المشرف: عبد الحميد عبد المجيد القيسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1990
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

الخصائص الفيزياوية والكيمياوية للتربة في قضاء بعقوبة واثرها في زراعة الحمضيات وانتاجها

اسم المؤلف: سالم احمد محمد التويجري
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد عباس التميمي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد التربة من اهم مصادر الثروة الطبيعية ومعيارا حضاريا تقاس بها درجة رقي الامم وتقدمها , ولا يفوتنا ان نذكر ان الحضارات الزراعية العظيمة , اعتمدت في تطورها وتقدمها على التربة الخصبة الصالحة للزراعة ولا سيما حضارة وادي الرافدين والنيل وحضر موت في بلادنا

التحليل المكاني للاستثمار الزراعي في ناحية بحركة

اسم المؤلف: طلعت محمد طاهر عمر البوتاني
اسم المشرف: علي عبد عباس العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الموصل
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى ايجاد التباين المكاني للاستثمار الزراعي لناحية بحركة باستخدام اتحليل العاملي كوسيلة احصائية اذ تعد هذه المنطقة من المناطق المهمة في الاستثمار الزراعي وتعتمد بالدرجة الاولى على الزراعة الديمية كونها منطقة مضمونة الامطار يبلغ معدل الامطار

واقع الخدمات البلدية والمجتمعية في مدينة هبهب في ضوء التوسع الحضري للمدينة == The Reality Of Municipal And Community Services In The City Of Hibhib In Light Of Urbanization Of The City

اسم المؤلف: هدى قاسم محمد
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/AT2015/%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%89%20%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%20%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF.pdf
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المدينة كائن حي ينمو وينضج ويتكاثر وله عوامل عديدة تغذيه وتدفعه باتجاه هذا النمو فاذا ما توسعت المدينة وكبر حجمها واذا ما تلاشت ونعدم اثرها. يقف وراء ذلك جملة من العوامل والمستلزمات التي تعمل على نهوض وتطور المدينة وهذا مراكزت عليه هذه الدراسة وهو جانب من | City living organism grows and matures and multiplies has many factors fueled and driven towards this growth. If what the city has expanded and grew in size and if they vanished and no shortage impact. Behind it a number of factors and supplies that operate on the advancement and development of the city and this is what has focused upon this study an aspect of these factors, a municipal and community - based services that have a direct contact in the lives of the urban population and raise the city level and show their beauty and civilization and stability, has been shed light on what carried out by the municipality of cleaner and paving the streets and service parks, which are breathing city, and education and health services and assess the efficiency and the most important shortcomings and deficits in the provision of these services and the most important obstacles and problems encountered as well as the development and proposals of solutions and the addition of tables and ratios to do the work and the advancement of this service as it showed the indicators used to measure the efficiency of municipal services to the low level of efficiency of this service in the city of HIBHIB represented not street network efficiency in terms of tiling, furniture and neglect and lack of follow - up and ongoing MRO with existing streets where abound Altaksvat as it has been provided (10200 m / i) of streets paved of the city, while the form of disability ( 67 919 m / i), in addition to the lack of parks and gardens service efficiency as it has been providing space (11550 m2) out of space (181 450 m 2) as described Balrdaih from a sample of view, and this confirms the poor to provide this service and the dissatisfaction of the population about it and the performance of the municipality, either community services (health and education) were characterized by flexibility and efficiency between resources and population size, the study showed the absence of a current deficit of the two services and develop plans to avoid any shortfall or defect until 2030.

المجال الحيوي الجغرافي للعراق وتطبيقاته الجيوبولتيكية

اسم المؤلف: ضمياء حسين صالح الشمري
اسم المشرف: عبد الامير عباس عبد الحيالي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتناول هذه الدراسة عرضا وتحليلا لسياسات تطبيق المجال الحيوي في واحدة من المناطق الجغرافية المهمة لكل القوى العالمية والاقليمية وهي منطقة الشرق الاوسط وقد تم اختيار دولة العراق كنموذج تطبيقي للدراسة بوصفها تشكل واحدة من اهم القوى الاقليمية الشرق اوسطية ل

التحليل المكاني لتغير استعمالات الارض السكنية الى تجارية في مدينة النعمانية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Residential To Commercial In The City Of Land Use Change Numaniyah ( A Study In The Urban Geography )

اسم المؤلف: يوسف حران فارس حريز
اسم المشرف: عبد الجليل ضاري عطا الله السعدون
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة واسط - كلية التربية - قسم الجغرافية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعاني المدن اليوم من مشاكل كثيرة نتيجة للنمو الحضري السريع الناجم عن تزايد عدد السكان فيها وارتفاع المستوى الاقتصادي لهم والتطور العلمي والتكنولوجي وسعي المواطنين للحصول على الخدمات التجارية وتحقيق فرص العمل والاستثمار التجاري، والذي يؤدي الى تعدد الاستعم | Today , cities Suffer from many problems as a result of rapid urban growth resulting from the growing population in them and the increase of their economiclevel and scientific and technological development and the pursuit of citizens for commercial services and achieving employment and business investment, which leads to the versatility and diversity and overlap of uses within cities, and as a result of lack of proper planning for trading use in the basic outline of the city as well as the absence of control by the Directorate of the municipality, which led to a change in class of residential use for the benefit of commercial use clearly to the lack of hierarchy for commercial services in the city, especially in the central commercial area and main streets, secondary and some neighborhoods of the city, which in turn, contributed to a significant change in the category of residential use in these places in the city. This study aims to detect temporal and spatial disparities in changing the use of land residential to commercial use in the city NUMANIYA during the study period (2003 - 2013) and to identify the most important reasons for the occurrence of the phenomenon and the statement of positive and negative effects caused by these changes and of the effects (social, economic, environmental, architectural , traffic... etc.) that affected the urban landscape of the city, as well as recognize the reality of urban land uses in the study area, specifically the commercial use of them in particular for being a place of study.The researcher has adopted in the study of geographic analytical approach that looks at the spatial relationships of the phenomenon and determine the geographic factors affecting it, as well as some of the methods used for statistical treatment of the subject from different angles and aspects

التغير المكاني للسكان في البحرين للفترة من 1971 - 1991 == The Spatial Change Of Population In Bahrain Betwee11 1971 - 1991

اسم المؤلف: هدى داود نجم السعد
اسم المشرف: مصطفى عبد الله محمد السويدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The importance of the population studies has become greater in geographical, soial and economic studies in very quickly time. Studying the geography and the cience of population has become one of the basic methods in geograpgy and socioloy sinces, it can solve the recent problems by realizing and analysing them aswell as inding the rriost suitable answers for them, which are presented by the results of the opulation studies and its possiblities of applications in developing, economic, social nd development plans in many states especially those which are under going a connuous and fast changes, just like Bahrain and the rest of the Gulf Oil states.Bahrain can be considered as an oil state which population are greatly controlled y the political, economic and social factors, since the discovery of oil has made radical change, It has transfered the economy of such state from a conventional one epending on agricultul - .e : , and fishing to amodren one depnding on oil incomes and vestments As aresult, aforign labour has brough u to manage the developing moveent as well as supporting the shortage in national labour and contributed grealtlydeveloping these states.The foreign labour has helped in achieving the developing plans, but, it has left s veral demographic, social, economic and political influences on the population of e region, and their growth, construction, distribution and their movement. By conSfdering what is said above, the aim of this research is studying the population in ahrain whether they are native or not and the role of the spatial and natural moveent of the people in showing the spatial changes in the compartive census periods 71, 1981 and 1991 then analysing and finding their causes and motives according the geography of population.This desertation consists of four chapters. The first one deals with the population ovements of the people and its effect inchanging the number of the population.oreover, this chapter is divided in to two sections, the first one deals with the patns and motives of the residential movement in atheoritical approach, while the s cond section concentrateji on the directions of the coming migration to Bahrain by studying its development and trends a~d - it~ pla~or.mqEr, - The second chapter discusses the populatipn growth ¥1d 1~ts effect on the change of the population bulk in Bahrain by studying the development of the populati6n 9~f!' : jt1~,jilld clearing the rule of the natural enlargment of every clase of the Bahrai - 7ty in the population growth of the state. 1~7.third chapter deals with the influence of the spatial change on the population 1dis - t~gutiqn in the ·state by studying the spatial change and population distribbution d~fi~rrding on the standareds of relative and density distribution and Knowing the rcoet : itre of population and density as well as the actual distribution of population. . Moreover, the fourth chapter, sums up the major factors affecting the distribu; tioni·~f population in Bahrain by discussing them into two groups in order to show tHt : nattiral and human factors in distribution, besides the problem of redistribution'of people - in the state and applying its effects. 'Finally; the researcher puts the conclusionss he has found throngh stuying this subject - the most outstanding one of them is that the coming migration plays a fundemental role in changing the population bulk and spatial diffrences through the diffrent census periods - at the encl of the desert ation.

التركيب الداخلي لمدينة سوق الشيوخ وعلاقتها الاقليمية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

اسم المؤلف: صلاح هاشم زغير الهاشم
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to analyse the internal structure of Suq Al - Shiuikh City and its regional relationships.The study is divided into eight chapters, the first I one deals with site and situation of the City, to study the physical characteristics, including geological, natu - 1 ral vegetation and soil.The second chapter is devoted to study the historical development Of land USeB in the city, While the third one deals with the population characteristics of the city and its regionl including population grouth, population distribution and age, sex, and economic structures. The next chapters study the functional structure of the city. Commercial function in considered in the fourth chapter, industrial in the fifth, residential in the sixth and services function in the seventh one. In these four chapters activity and land u.se of each function are dealt with.

التباين المكاني للانتاج الزراعي في اقليم اعالي الفرات

اسم المؤلف: كمال صالح كزكوز
اسم المشرف: سالم سعدون المبادر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1990
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Second Chapter deals with the human factors related to workers, irrigation and the adopted means of it.The plants symbolized by big dams, drainage and the projects that deal with the agrarian refonns. It also deals with the ownership system and its affect on the agricultural product It has also some comments on the agricultural policy and the biological factors, transportation and marketing.As for the Third Chapter, which is regarded as the ma.in idea in this study, we see that it is specialized on studies of the agricultural product of the year 1988 to make it clear that the variance of places have something to do with the agricultural product, headed by classificqtion of the product and the scales adopted in some of the geographical studies.In this Chapter there are also studies on farming a and orchards as for their distribution on suberbs and the geographical factors behind that. At last this Chapter studies the agricultural changes between 1980 - 1988. This study aims to focus the place variance onagricultural production in Upper Euphrates region which consists the suberbs of Ramadi, Heat, Haditha, Aana and Al - Qaem.The region is situated in the western part of Iraq in Anbar Governarate which is about 29% of the survey of the whole Governarate. The survey of this region is regarded as 9.2% compared to the survey of Iraq.This region is suffering from a big problem which is the limited fertile land for agrivulture that does not exceed 1% from the whole survey of the land in the region.The study consists of.three Chapters. In the First Chapter, the researcher deals with the Natural factors affecting the variance of plance on agrilcultural products after flashing the light on studies concerning the place and the size of the region. The survey of the directorate and the important administrative development in the region In addition to the background on the surface, the climate, the soil and water resources that affect on the agricultural production.

اتجاهات وسرع الرياح السطحية في العراق == Directions And Velocity Of Surface Wind In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عزيز كوطي حسين الحسيناوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Among many other climatic elements, wind is the one of the most important ones for its an active role in specifying the nature of climatic features ; which consequently made it essential to study directions and velocity of wind both for meteorologists and climatologists as they cause a lot of weather changes such as those occurring to temperature, humidity and others. They - wind - lead, for instance, to rise temperature if they come from warm sides and decrease it in case they come from cold ones.If they were humid, they would cause rainfall over areas beneath and they also, in case of being speedy, cause dust storms of both kinds : sand and earthen ones.Wind affects many economical activities. They affect on determining the sites of industrial establishments and where its waste dumps should be located; on city construction and agriculture productivity along with exploiting wind in various fields such as using it in generating energy.The purpose of this research is to study directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq as far as its differences in time and place between the southern, northern and middle zones, and the one zone stations are concerned.A 30 years climatic cycle (1961 - 1990) was chosen to the amount of 12 stations distributed in the country as follows : - Zakho , Kurkuk, Suliamaniya, and Mosel stations for northern region - Khnakeen, Ana , Alrutba and Baghdad stations for middle region. - Al - Hai , Al - Diwaniya, Al - Nassiriya and Basra stations for southern region.The research included three chapters. The first one dealt with affecting controls on directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq. These controls were divided into stable ones : (locations as for latitude, topographic relief and water flats) and dynamic : (air pressure, air masses, weather fronts and weather highs and lows). The second chapter treated of wind ,directions in Iraq as to its differences in time and place according to circled - directions sectors. It was also possible to study the weather condition of the change of prevailing directions for chosen stations in the country. As for the third chapter, it was devoted to study the velocity of surface wind in Iraq and show its differences in time and place. It also studied the standard velocity registered in station during different years as well as the daily course of the velocity of surface wind in the stations of the study during January and July.In final, the research contained conclusions being reached through studying the subject of this research.

سكان محافظة القادسية : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Al - Qadisiya Governorate Population A Study In Population Geography

اسم المؤلف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
اسم المشرف: عبد مخور نجم الريحاني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

جوانب من النظام الحضري في محافظة ذي قار

اسم المؤلف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
اسم المشرف: مضر خليل العمر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم دور نهر ام المعارك في تنمية الموارد المائية

اسم المؤلف: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Water is considered as a strategic resource for economic development.Thus , Um Al - Maark possesses considerable development of water resources in the lower Euphrates basin. The river takes from the right bank of the Euphrates (10) kms downstream ofNasiriya with a total length of (108) kms. There are five canals branching from the right bank of the river each with a capacity of 25 cumers. The river controls 60 - 65 % (185) cumecs (5,82) bcm of the Euphrates discharge at Nasiriya ( 199) - 1998). Its water discharge is affected by seepage losses with (0.45 - 0.55 ) m3 I m1 I day and evaporation from the channel with (0.04) bcm, due to high average temperature (24.6) °C and very high soil permeability (15 - 43) m/d.Um Al - Maark plays a vital role in water resources conservation by controlling water distorted at the Marches and Arabian Gulf and directed to the western desert to irrigate (150000) ha. Furthermore, the river maintains the Euphrates and Shatt Al - Arab water quality by limiting the Marshes polluted wat : - r with an EC value (6) mmhos I cm which increased water 11 salinity of the river's at Qurna to ( 5.1) mmhos I cm during ( 1990 - 1992 ) COIDJ - 'dred to the previous salinity 0.96 ( 1967 - 1969). The water quality of the rivers has been decreased to (2.3) and (2.6) mmhos I cm ( 1995 - 2000) at Qurna and Maqil respectively, as a result of the implementation of Um Al - Maark, Saddam and Al - Ezz rivers.UM Al - Maark will be used as flood control system. It will be able to convert (508) cumecs from the flood water to the western desert as in 1988 and up to now to be used for irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge.These will maintain environment system. The ri·.'er promotes considerable economic and environmental developments forward by utilizing the desert virgin land with (150000) ha.The present irrigated land is (6250) ha, producing (3525) tons. This will L increase to (580800) tons/year with a net value of (77190) MIDS (38.6) M$Um Al - Maark is an important system for artificial groundwater rech?.rge in the Dibdibba area which has a rapid agriculture development affecting groundwater storage due to increasing demands and low natural recharge with (0.63) and (0.31) bcrn respectively. As a result the groundwater level decrease to (0.25) m I year and salinity increases to ( 0.28) mrnhos I cm I year. Therefore,Um Al - Maark is constructed to feed groundwater with (l.35) hem. This increases the groundwate r level and decreases salinity by (0.8) m/year and (0.4 )mrnhos /cm/ year respectively.Thus the river maintains water efficiency to cope with future development. Finally , to implement the river objectives the following measuresshould be considered : l. It is necessary to construct two regulators on Um Al - Maark and the Euphrates.2. An Authority should be established to be responsible for sand dunes control , lining canals,hydrological , geological , climate , soil and natural vegetation information.3. Effective irrigation methods should be applied. 4. High agriculture intensity should be used.5. Farm management practics regarding training , machinery , irriga.ion , ,drainage , fertilizer... etc should be enhanced.6. Water should be well distributed between the river canals and lining should be adopted7. Studies regarding water and land resources should be enlarged.8. Agricultural facilities such as roads , electricity , machinery , health centers and education should be considered.9. Vegetation cover should be improved.

تقويم مشاريع الخير الاروائية في محافظة البصرة == Evalution Of Al - Khair Irrigation Projects In Basroh Provi Nee

اسم المؤلف: صلاح مهدي عريبي الزيادي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي للامكانات الزراعية في قضاء ابي الخصيب وافاقها المستقبلية == A Geographical Analysis To The Agrarian Possibilities In Abie Al - Khaseeb Town An Their Future Horizons

اسم المؤلف: ابتسام كاطع خاجي اللامي
اسم المشرف: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: 14.haseeb t plant greens since they herp in developing the farmer's ihcome.I The umber of palm4rees was (2911999) in 1978 but it beca1m - - - f 845000) 1995 because of the Iranian aggression. The agraian post /offices co perated with the farmers for the replantation to be (924327) palm.tree/ n 2000 which represents (31%) in comparison with 1979. Th study ex~~~ the farmers' io.t.erlgi(ng, in planting diffj~t th typaj oft ees which ~e a.bsent before the flood 1969 which causes~ of most fthem,' the fanners neglect such type~ because they j~ided oth~r economi fields like petrol - industry and general services because of thetJt! hi h ffrcomefi; fr; - .>T e study expressed several problems which ~t the agrariam produc on and the agrarian developmen)e~pecially in Al - Seebah,lhese prob le 0 1. The salty soil and the neglected '&ard - er~ which ha~o systematic# irri ation and drainage cbnals and they contain thick needs and other pla ts which became the main reason to~ the negative influences up n the exploited gardens. 2. Th reduction of Shatt - Al - Arab water helps the salty water of Arab G If to l progress to reach at this area and influences the lands n gativelly. 3. T ere are se".ei;al - types of the biological factors /affect the garden c ops like the l : iushes and the other diseases.4. The expensive workmen in the field of agriculture.The study shows that there are various possibilites that have not f \'.. Y;q,, exploited yet to develop the agricultural production. There is Oi possibility to the h<;>~~ontal exp.Qnsion (84o/o) from the lands that can J;>e exploited amfthe exploitation of the salty soils in AJSeebah and v.,~,,l. lages lik~ Al - Fyadh, Al - baljania, Kut Al - Zain, AI - Mutua' and others1Moreover4 tlte production ability of the really ,e~polited areas can be lifted up through the use of scientific devices and the logical exploitation of water. Al - Seebah also should be developed and the population should be encouraged to return back : ' uv - - · 'L ~.. r)c'1\N\<v\f rfK 1After : ~ le~vi~gl ~( : : - a~e Iranian agrrission 1980J Jhe • government adopted a pseful agrarian policy included several strattgies like the director granting which aims at providing the healty house, to the farmers and the achievements of croping, purification of iITigation and the compensaition of the dead palmtrees and the development of the animals wealth.

تحليل العلاقات المكانية لخصائص السكان في محافظة ذي قار

اسم المؤلف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: علي حسن الخفاف
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1987
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study represents the first attempt for studying the population of Dhi Qar governorate. The study faced a nuznber of obstacles first of which was the administrative chaEges which this governorate has been witnessing.The following are the most important results we have arrived at in the study.1. Dhi Qar is one of the Iraqi governorates which has been characterised by population density during the period 1947 - 1977 where it has held either the fourth or sixth positive among Iraqi governorates.2. The poulation density of this governorate 1977 which was 45. 12.Pe ts on per kilometer was not distributed regularly to various parts of this place. This is due to the differences among the factors which affect the population distribution,whether they were natural or human factors •3. The dry climate in this governorate made the population depend in a limited manner on surface water and underground water. This distribution of the population was thus concentrated around the Euphrates and Al - Garaph rivers and also around the streams in addition to the dry edges of the marshes. 4. The rate of the population change in - this governorate was generally very limited throughout the years covered by the study. The highest rate which was 2.9%, occurred during the years 1947 - 1957. During 1965 - 1977 it decreased to become 1.9%.5. The results of this study indicated that the period 1978 - 1983 has shown a noticeable rise in the rate of natural increase. This goes in line with development of the medical or municipal services which have contributed a great deal in reducing the death rates.6. As for the structure of the popUlation, it is noticed that the geographical situation of this governorate in the sou thren part. of Iraq, away from the frontiers, has made all its population from the Arabs;only a limited number of other minorities is noticed here.7. The six rate in the governorate has increased for the behalf of the females. The number of in : nnigrants to the governorate during 1947 - 1977 should have been mainly from males who were after better chances for jobs.s. The community is Dhi Qar reflects the characteristics of youth. This would naturally affect any future positive changes such a phenomenon has been reflected in the population py : ramid where children and youth constituted 51,36% in 1977 and the rate of the disabled v1as 7 ,65% • 9. As for the distribution of the popUlation in the cities and the countryside the results of the four censuses done already showed a decrease in the number of people living in the cities during 1947 - 1977 although it has shown a noticeable rise during this period ra.Dging as follows : 15,65%, 18,65%, 27,62%, 39,71% respectively.10. The rural n<ture in this governorate has led to increase the rate of illiteracy which was 66,24% while it comes down to 53% in the other parts of the country.11. All the population of this governorate are Moslems.Since Islam encourages people to get married and bring children, the increasing number of people is expected. 12~ The results of the four censuses have shown that the circumstances of this governora.te make people leave for other parts of the country.13~ The countryside areas suffer from migration. The number of people registered in the four census shows no change or increase'.' 14. To take up its people in the future, this governora te should continue in growing its potentialities by reclaiming more lands, supporting agriculture developing new irrigation networks, and caring much for the animal resources. Winter tourism need to be backed up also.

المنطقة التجارية المركزية لمدينة الصدر : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

اسم المؤلف: اسامة حميد مجيد هاشم السلطان
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم الهاشم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التغيرات المناخية واثرها في تغير التركيب المحصولي في العراق == Climate Change And Its Impact On Crop Structure In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: فهد احمد فرحان العامود
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي | بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

صناعة تنقية وتحلية المياه في محافظة البصرة وافاقها المستقبلية == Indastry Of Purification And Desalination Of Water In Province Of Basrah And It'S Future Prospects

اسم المؤلف: رند عدنان ديوان السعيدان
اسم المشرف: فارس مهدي محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبين من خلال الدراسة ان صناعة مياه الشرب احد اهم الصناعات التحويلية وذلك لكونها تخضع لكل متطلبات الصناعة التحويلية حيث تبرز فيها كافة مقومات الانتاج الصناعي من اختيار الموقع الى احتساب الكلفة وتوافر المواد الاولية والايدي العاملة والعمليات الصناعية في مصا | The study shows that water drink production is one of the most important transformational industries since it yields all the requirements of the transformational industry that all constituents of the industrial production emerge beginning from the choosing of the site , the calculation of the cost , the availability of the raw material and workmen and industrial process that take place in the independent factories up to the emergence of the extrinsic or incidental productions and so on. Therefore this study which consiss of five chapters concerns this kind of industry. Chapter One tackles the following : on the introduction to the definition of water and water cycle in nature , the sources of water and water drink qualities and characteristics , the importance of water for humans , the pollution of water drink , and the seasonal and locational discrepancy of the pollution on water drink in the Governorat of Basrah and the impact of this pollution of the public health. Chapter Two is divided into two sections : section one deas with the historical development of the technicality water drink in the Governorat of Basrah while section two deals with the historical development of water drink desalination in the Governorat Chapter Three : Discusses that factors that establish the water drink industry in the Governorat and the imporatance of each factor and its impact. Chapter Four : Demonstrates the geographical distribution of the water drink industry in the Governorat of Basrah. It includes two sections , the first one deals with the geographical distribution of water drink in a province while the second section tackles the geographical distribution of water drink in asector. Chapter Five consist of two sections : The first one surveys the problems concerning the water drink industry in the Governorat while the secand tackles the future prospective of the water drink industry in the Governorat of Basrah. The study has arrived at the following results. The production of water in the Governorat of Basrah in simple traditional ways or methods are the accumulation and precipitation , filteration , sterilization by liquid and powder and chlorine while the desalination stations produce water through reverse ozoination. Water is being refined by ozonization and ultraviolet rays. The natural colonization factors especially that of weather , earth and geological structure , the increase and economic factors especially labourers , raw material , marketing , transportation , government policy and personal or individual desire have affected on limiting , the industrial site. Thus , there is a discrepancy between the geographical distribution of water refinery projects and desalination stations in the Governorat of Basrah. So , there are (132 ) projects for refinement , (12 ) of them are in Basrah district , i.e ; (9.09 % ) , (11) projects are in Abu - Al - Khaseeb district , i.e ; (8.33 % ) , (3) projects in Al - Fao district , i.e ; (2.27 % ) , (4 ) projects are in Al - Zubair district , i.e ; (3.03 %) , (39 ) projects are in Shatt - Al - Arab , i.e ; (12.12 %) projects some of them are in Al - Medyna district , i.e ; (29.54 %) , and ( 47 ) projects are in Al - Qurna district I.e ; (35.62 % ). As regards the private ( domestic ) desalination station their their number in the Governorat is (88) some of them are in Al - Basrah district , i.e ; about (20.45 %) , (8) are in Abi - Al - Khaseeb district , i.e ; about (9.09%) , (1) station is in Al - Fao district , i.e ; about (1.15 %) , (41) stations are in Al - Zubair district , I.e ; (46.59 %) , (2) statios are in Shatt - Al - Arab , i.e; about (2.27%) , (8) stations , same of them are in Al - Mudianya district , about (9.09%) , and (10) stations are in Al - Qurna district , i.e ; about (11.30). Regarding those of the government , their number in the government is (50) desalination stations , (7) of them are in Al - Basrah district , i.e ; about (14%) (2) stations are in Abi - Al - Khaseeb district i.e; about (4%) , (9) stations are in Al - Fao district , i.e ; about (18%) , (6) stations in Al - Zubair district i.e; about (12%) , (8) stations are in Shatt Al - Arab district , i.e; about (16%) , (11) stations are in Al - Mudianyia district , i.e ; about (22%) , and (7) stations are in Al - Qurna district , i.e; about (14%). The number of employees in the refinement projects is ( 1263 ) and the number of those in the desalination stations is ( 406 ). The area of the projects of the water drink refinement is ( 242466) millions square meter in the Governorat of Basrah while the area of desalination stations in the Governorat is (65353) thousands square meters. The production of water refinement projects is ( 735619.625 ) cubic meter /hour. The Basrah district takes over the first rank for the production whil is ( 313433.75 ) cubic meter/ hour ,i.e; (42.65%) of the sum total production in the Governorat of Basrah. Al - Qurna district takes over the second rank for the production whial is (118780.25 ) cubic meter/hour , i.e ; about (16.14%) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat while Al - Mudianya district takes over the third rank for the production whial is (96674.375 ) cubic meter , i.e ; (13.14 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Abu - Al - Khaseeb district takes over the fourth rank for the production whial is ( 64875) cube meter/hour , i.e ; ( 8.83%) of the sum total of the production in the Governorat of Basrah while Al - Zubair district takes over the fifth rank for the production whial is (61437.5 ) cube meter / hour , i.e ; (8.35 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Shatt Al - Arab district takes over the sixth rank for the production whial is ( 54768.75 ) cube meter / hour. i.e; ( 7.44%) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. While Al - Fao district takes over the seventh rank for the production whial is (25650) cube meter , i.e; ( 3.49 %) of the sum total The production of the desalination stations is ( 27585) tons/day. Al - Mudianya district takes over the first rank for the production is (8900) tons / day , i.e ; ( 32.25 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Al - Zubair district takes over the second rank for the production whial is (7349) tons / day , i.e ;(26.64 %) of the sum total of the production while Al - Basrah district takes over the third rank for the production whial is ( 4492 ) tons / day , i.e ; ( 16.28 %)of the sum total of the production. Al - Qurna district takes over the fourth rank for the production (4440 ) tons / day , i.e ; (16.09 %) of the sum total of the production while Abi - Al - Khaseeb district takes over the fifth rank for the production whial is ( 1684) tons / day , i.e ; (6.14 %) of the sum total of the production. Al - Fao district takes over the sixth rank for the production whial is (420 ) tons / day , i.e ; ( 1.52 %) of the sum total of the production while Al - Fao district takes over the seventh rank for the production whial is (300) tons/day , i.e ; ( 1.08 %) of the sum total of the production in the Governorat of Basrah. It appears that there have been a number of problems some of which concern the transportation degree (network ) and others concern the quality of water , the invested money , and the employees ( labourers ) , and some others concern the nature of production , the decrease of water levels , the increase of salt.The most important of these problems is the increase of salts for in (2012 ) it reaches the highest in Tigris , i.e ; (1239) milimose /cm on August. And it reaches in the Euphrates (2426 ) milimose / cm during March while salt reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( the center ) to ( 3561 ) Milimose / cm on October ; it reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( sehaan ) to (7246 ) milisome / cm during August while it reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( Al - Lebani ) to ( 4253 ) mi;isome / cm during August. The problem of the decrease of the water level is an effective factor on the process of water drink production that the river water decrease inside the Governorat due to multiplicity of banks and tanks established by the neighbouring countries. This leads to the decrease of water in the Iraqi rivers in a general and in the Governorat in particular. This causes the water to be salty and impure. This decrease also affects on the level of plunger or diver for many water pulling pipes of many refinement projects and consequently the refinement and pumping processes stop at these projects. Moreover , it appears that the problems of networks are considered as a main problem in the pollution of water drink in the Governorat of Basrah being old in age and undergoes constant breakdowns whial lead water greatly to be impure and polluted. Due to these results the individuals share of water in the Governorat of Basrah reaches (275 ) litre / day. These differed among districts that in Basrah district it reaches (239) litre / day , in Abi - Al - Khaseeb it reaches (317 ) litre/ day , in Al - Fao district it reaches (662) litre / day in Al - Zubair district it reaches (130 ) litre / day , in Shatt Al - Arab reaches (341) litre / day , in Al - Qurna district it reaches ( 445 ) litre / day , and in Al - Mudianya district it reaches ( 438 ) litre / day of the collected produced water in the Governorat
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