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تمثلات السلطة في شعر الجواهر == Representations of power in Al - Jawawhiri poetry

Author name: حيدر عماد مسلم الرماحي
Supervisor name: سامر فاضل الاسدي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: تتجلى اهمية الشاعر(الجواهري) بما خلفته تجربته الشعرية من وعي نقدي لدى النقاد، وليس من الناحية الشعرية وما تركه من منجز شعري فحسب؛ ذلك ان دراسة تجربته تحتاج الى وعي نقدي حديث عارف باصول الكشف والبحث عن المرجعيات التي اسندت تجربة الشاعر عليها بمختلف تجلياتها.ولابد من الاعتراف النقدي بان البعد الايديولوجي هيمن على كثير من المسارات الفكرية والادبية العربية عامة والعراقية خاصة، مما نتج عن ذلك هيمنة السلطة بمختلف انواعها على المشهد الادبي في كثير من مراحل الشعر العراقية، ولعل تجربة الجواهري غنية بتمثلاتها لانواع السلطة، وقد عبر عنها بما يناسب التنوع في المواقف والتجارب الشعورية.ومتلقي شعر الشاعر يرى انه تمثل السلطة بانواعها في اشعاره لاسباب عدة منها ما يتعلق بطبيعة الشاعر ومزاجه الثقافي والنفسي، ومنها ما يتعلق باسباب دينية، وبيئية، واخرى اجتماعية.ان موضوع (تمثلات السلطة في شعر الجواهري) جديرة بالدراسة، وتستحق البحث، ولعل ذلك عائد الى غياب دراسة تتناول تمثل السلطة بانواعها في شاعرية الشاعر، فعلى الرغم من كثرة الدراسات التي تناولت الجواهري، لاسيما منذ عام 2003 الى الان، فانها في معظمها لم تعتمد على الية الكشف وقراءة السياق السلطوي والزمني الذي تمثله الجواهري، ولقراءة ذلك السياق وتمثله من قبل الجواهري اعتمدنا قراءة نسق النص . لذلك فان دراسة تمثلات السلطة اتخذت لنفسها مسارا مختلفا، تمثل بالرؤية النقدية الكاشفة لما وراء النص، ولهذا سعينا الى الكشف عن ابعاد السلطة والانظمة المعرفية في النص، سواء اكانت سياسية ام دينية ام اجتماعية. وقد حرصنا في هذه الدراسة على اعتماد منهج النقد الثقافي مع الاستعانة باداة التحليل الادبي، وكان المنهج قائما على قراءة النص بالدرجة الاولى، مع الاستعانة - كلما دعت الحاجة - باقاويل الشاعر ونقاده في تحليل النص، شريطة ان نعتمد النصوص الشعرية التي تعبر عن تمثل الجواهري لانماط السلطة.وتشتمل الدراسة على ثلاثة فصول يسبقها تمهيد وتعقبها خاتمة. حاولنا في التمهيد (التمثل/السلطة/ الجواهري - مدخل تعريفي) ان نسلط الضوء على مفاهيم التمثل والسلطة وعلاقة الشاعر بها.فيما سعينا في الفصل الاول (تمثلات السلطة السياسية في شعر الجواهري) الى الكشف عن تمثل الشاعر لهذه السلطة ايجابا وسلبا من خلال مبحثين تناول كل منهما احد التمثلين، وتخصص الفصل الثاني (تمثلات السلطة الدينية في شعر الجواهري) ببيان تمثل الشاعر لهذه السلطة ايجابا وسلبا، في حين عني الفصل الثالث (تمثلات السلطة الاجتماعية في شعر الجواهري) بالكشف عن هذه التمثلات (الايجابية والسلبية) في شعر الشاعر، وجاءت الخاتمة لبيان اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها الدراسة.وليس لي الا ان اقف وقفة الامتنان والاحترام للاستاذ المساعد الدكتور سامر فاضل عبد الكاظم الاسدي، على جهده، وصبره القيم معي، وملاحظاته العلمية منذ بداية البحث حتى استوى على صورته النهائية، جزاه الله عني خير الجزاء. | The subject (representations of power in Al - jawahiri poetry) is worthy of study and worthy of research,Perhaps this is due to the absence of a study dealing with power of the various types of poet poetics,In spite of the many studies that dealt with Al - jawahiri, especially since 2003 to date, but most of them did not rely on the mechanism of disclosure and read the authoritarian context and time that is represented by poet Al - jawahiri poetry. Therefore, the study of the representations of power takes a different path for itself, which is a critical vision of the underlying beyond the text, and therefore we sought to reveal the dimensions of power and knowledge systems in the text, whether religious, political or social.In this study, I aim at adopting an inductive descriptive method in the whole research of the poetry of the poet. This study, after this introduction, includes a preface, three chapters and a conclusion.I tried in the preface (representations / power / poet) to highlight the concepts of representations and power and the relationship of the poet.In the first chapter (Representations of political power), I sought to reveal the poet's representation of this authority as positive and negative,The second chapter (Representation of the religious authority) is characterized by a statement representing the poet of this authority positively and negatively,While the third chapter deals with the reveal of ''representations of social power'' in the poetry of the poet and explain their positive and negative representations.The conclusion came to clarify the main findings of the stud

المكان في روايات انعام كجه جي == The place in the novels of Inaam Kachachi

Author name: نورة عباس علي
Supervisor name: حسن دخيل عباس الطائي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: A place is considered as a key element which connects directly with human life and has a great effect on human feelings, moods, strains and habits. The place has a great influence on the novelist because it has good and bad memories. So the importance of the past events including characters and events cannot be shown unless there is a specific place for them.This research paper is consisting of an introduction, content of three chapters, conclusion and references. The first chapter is about the associations of friendly place which has good and positive memories. It contains two topics : the first is about the meaning of the friendly place and it’s most important patterns while the second is about the clarification of the place familiarity containing three things that are, tolerance with the other one of different religion, work for the other (helping each other) and participating in the religious ceremonies among different people. The second chapter is about the associations of the adversarial place which has bad and sad memories. It consists of two topics : the meaning (concept) of adversarial place it’s most important patterns and the place violence (violence that happened in a place) which is clear in the novels of the novelist, Inaam Kachachi, in addition to the meaning of violence. The third chapter is about the associations of the place symbolic and cultural concepts containing two topics, the first is the symbolic place concepts like the title, the woman and the picture while the second is about the most important sides of cultural place like the language, folk songs, proverbs, clothes and food that connected with the human personality.

دراسات الدكتور شوقي ضيف القرانية في ضوء النقد الحضاري == Studies of Dr. Shawki Daif Quran in the light of Civilization criticism

Author name: حاكم فضيل عطيوي
Supervisor name: هناء جواد عبد السادة العيساوي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: استجاب الناس بمختلف اقوامهم، وعبر التاريخ لدعوات الرسل، ووقفوا منها مواقف مختلفة، وقرؤوا كلام الله الذي حملوه اليهم وكتبوه، وبدؤوا يتعلمونه، ويفسرونه، ثم ذهبوا فيه من بعد رحيلهم مذاهب شتى، فكانت استجاباتهم عرضة للاختلاف، والتعدد، وان كان ذلك بين الدين الواحد، فدفعتهم ضرورة التفاهم الى الحوار، والقبول بالوساطة؛ حينما ادركوا اختلاف فهمهم وتعدده، وربما حل محله الصراع، والصدام، والاقتتال، وبدافع المساءلة لدراساتهم الدينية، جاءت اهمية هذا الموضوع الذي يقدم نقدا حضاريا لدراسات احد الجامعيين العرب من الذين استجابوا لمعالم الحضارة الاسلامية، وابوياتها المعاصرة، فتمحورت حول القران الكريم، وما دارت عليه من خصومة بين الباحثين المسلمين، والمستشرقين، وما بين هؤلاء وهؤلاء من اختلافات حضارية، وموجهات مذهبية متعددة، فاختص الموضوع بدراسات الدكتور شوقي ضيف القرانية الذي امضى قسطا غير قليل من حياته في التاليف الادبي، والنحوي، فشمل دراسات مختلفة، ابرزها : الفن ومذاهبه في الشعر العربي، والفن ومذاهبه في النثر العربي، وكذلك موسوعته في تاريخ الادب العربي على اجزاء، وايضا في تيسير النحو العربي بعدد من الكتب، وتحقيق التراث العربي بعدد من الكتب، ثم قدم عددا من الدراسات القرانية ضمتها بعض كتبه، وهي : تحقيق "كتاب السبعة في القراءات لابن مجاهد" في عام (1967)، وتاليف "سورة الرحمن وسور قصار - عرض ودراسة" في عام (1971)، و" الوجيز في تفسير القران الكريم" في عام (1993)، و"عالمية الاسلام" في عام (1996) ، و"الحضارة الاسلامية من القران والسنة" في عام (1997)، و"محمد خاتم المرسلين" في عام (2000)، و"القسم في القران الكريم"في عام (2001) ، و"معجزات القران" في عام (2002)، ويمكن عد كتابه "تاريخ الادب العربي - العصر الاسلامي" في عام (1964) من الكتب المهمة في هذا المجال ايضا، فتضمنت هذه الكتب دراسات قرانية ذات استجابات ابوية حضارية يمكن دراستها نقديا؛ لذلك صار عنوان البحث "دراسات الدكتور شوقي ضيف القرانية في ضوء النقد الحضاري"؛ فكان التعامل معه هنا على انه كاتب ذو استجابة ابوية حضارية، ومن باب الوساطة النقدية الحضارية كانت ضرورة النقد الحضاري لاستجابته التي دعته الى احياء المكتوب الاسلامي، واصلاح المقروء الاستشراقي ؛ مما سيتضح اكثره في الفصل الاول المعنون بـ "النقد الحضاري، واضاءة تطبيقية "؛ الذي ضم اولا : مرجعيات النقد الحضاري، وهي المرجعية التاريخية، والمرجعية الفلسفية، والمرجعية الاخلاقية، وثانيا : مفهوم النقد الحضاري للبنية الابوية، وثالثا : المقدمات الابوية للدكتور شوقي ضيف، وهي : المقدمة المذهبية ، والمقدمة القومية ، والمقدمة الاحيائية، اما الفصل الثاني، فعنوانه : دراساته في علوم القران، وقد ضم توطئة اصطلاحية ، وعددا من الدراسات عالج شوقي ضيف في كل منها قضية من قضايا علوم القران، وهي التدوين، والترتيب، والجمع، ورسم المصحف،ونشاة التفسير، والمكي والمدني، والنسخ، والمحكم، والمتشابه، والاعجاز القراني، والقراءات القرانية، وعروبة القران، وكان الفصل الثالث : دراساته في لغة القران، وضم دراسته المعجمية ، ثم دراسته النحوية الذي انقسم على قسمين هما : القسم، والاساليب الاخرى، وان هذا الاجراء في تقسيم البحث اقتضته مادة البحث ومنهجه، وهو يسير مع تفاصيل الكتابة سيرا متسلسلا على وفق متطلبات علمية، وترتيبات منهجية ، ومن الجدير بالذكر هنا انه لم يتعرض لهذا الموضوع احد بدراسة مستقلة لا في العراق، ولا خارجه؛ لذلك حظي هذا الاختيار بالترحيب، والثناء من لدن بعض الاساتذة في الجامعات العراقية وشهادتهم، وقد واجهت اعداد البحث بعض الصعوبات، ابرزها : جلب المؤلفات من خارج العراق، وما تطلبه من وقت وجهد، واخيرا لا يسع الباحث الا تقديم الشكر الجزيل للمشرفة على هذا البحث الاستاذ الدكتورة هناء جواد العيساوي؛ لما قدمته من متابعة موضوعية ، ومشاركة علمية، داعيا الله تعالى لها بدوام العافية ، والتواصل لخدمة الانسانية ، والتوفيق لحسن العاقبة، والحمد لله رب العالمين | The book "The Book of Seven in the Readings of Ibn Mujahid" in 1967, and the composition of "Surat Al - Rahman and Sur - Qasr - Presentation and Study" in 1971, Al - Wajeez in the Interpretation of the Holy Quran in 1993, Islam in 1996, Islamic Civilization of the Qur'an and Sunnah in 1997, Muhammad Khatam of Messengers in 2000, The Quran in 2001, Miracles (2002), and his book "History of Arabic Literature - the Islamic Age" (1964) can be considered an important book in this field as well..Boot entitled to "the concept of cultural criticism, and applied lighting"; which included first : the concept of cultural criticism of patriarchal structure, and secondly : introductions Parental Dr. Shawki guest, namely : Salafi interpretation, and national literature, biome facilitation, and then divided his studies Quranic on two chapters, the first : His studies in Quranic sciences, has been included in preparation idiomatic, and a number of studies Shawki treated guest in each issue of the Koran science issues, namely blogging, combine, drawing the Ottoman, the Mecca and civil, copying, and arbitrator, and of Like, the miracle of the Qur'an, and readings of Quranic, and the Arabism of the Koran , and was the second chapter : his studies in the language of the Corner, included three studies are; his study lexical, and grammatical study, which was divided on two sections : Section, and other . methods, then his rhetoricalIt is worth mentioning here that this subject has not been subjected to any independent study either in Iraq or abroad, so this choice was welcomed. , And praise from some professors in Iraqi universities and their testimony, has faced the preparation of the research some difficulties, most notably : bringing the literature from outside Iraq, and the required time and effort.,It is worth mentioning here that this subject has not been subjected to one independent study, neither in Iraq nor abroad. Therefore, this selection was welcomed and praised by some professors in Iraqi universities and their testimony. The preparation of the research faced some difficulties, And the time and effort required

الظواهر الشفاهية والكتابية في القصيدة العراقية الحديثة رواد الشعر الحر انموذجا == The Orality And Literacy In Articular Modern Iraqi Poems Free Urease Pioneers as a Sample

Author name: احمد حسين حسن السعدي
Supervisor name: عبد العظيم رهيف السلطاني
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

الخطاب الشعري عند قاسم حداد طرفة بن الوردة مثالا == Poetic discourse when Qassim Haddad Ibn alwarda as amodel tarafa

Author name: علي سرمد حسين
Supervisor name: فرحان بدري الحربي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

الحجاج في ادعية اصحاب الكساء (عليهم السلام) == The Arguments in Prayers Owners of passivation (peace on them

Author name: سجاد عدنان كاظم الخفاجي
Supervisor name: ثائر سمير حسن الشمري
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: This research about the features of the Argument in the prayers clothing holders (peace be upon them) based on the Argument techniques that reveal the legal features of Belgium (Chaim Perlman) and his colleague (Albrecht Tiatika) hunters who wanted to develop the modern theory of accredited Argument in its origins on the heritage of the Greek especially inherited Aristotelian, but Do not go out of the context of its time, which Tatrh modernity, Vdersena Duas clothing holders (peace be upon them) according to Perelman theory taking into account the specificity of the speech Da'alia, and we divided the message on the four chapters with a boot and a conclusion.Vtnolna at boot three axes pave the way for the application of orbital theory in supplication, was the first axis of them looking for the features of the Argument, and the second looking for the features of the Argument when Chaim Perlman, and the third and last in the Search for the applied field theory Perlman in Duas clothing holders (peace be upon them), while chapters four search, we have considered the Argument technologies when Pearlman in supplication, was the classroom the first three are looking at connecting techniques.In the first chapter we discussed the semi - logical arguments : the contradiction and conflict, complying with the definition, and justice and comparison, and Altaadih and embedding. The second chapter we discussed the arguments founded on the structure of reality : the succession relations, and relations of co - existence, and dual arrangements and symbolic links. The third chapter we discussed arguments foundation of the structure of reality.The witness and example, and the example and the example counter, proportionality and metaphor, the fourth chapter in which we dealt with the second part of the Argument techniques : the arguments based on the season, and after Khtmana've mention the most important of our findings in this research, was the message approach is the technical approach which relies extrapolate texts, analyzing and extracting conclusions from them, according to Chaim Perelman theory

الصورة عند الجيلين الشعريين الستيني والسبعيني في العراق عقدي التشكل == The Poetic Image in Iraqi Poetry of The Sixteenths and The Seventeenths : The Decades of Formation

Author name: سامر عبد الكاظم جلاب الجوذري
Supervisor name: عبد العظيم رهيف السلطاني
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: The use of the image and the importance of such use in the making of poetry was tackled by many researchers. This study focuses on the employment of the image, as well, in the poetry of the sixteenths and seventeenths where the image manifests its ability to refer to what’s important outside the text.The thesis aims at showing the achievements of the poets in the mentioned decades in terms of the image, its sources and the methods through which the poets form their images. Another aim is to balance between the achievements and works of the two decades in terms of the image and its three dimensions that are mentioned to verify the hypothesis of the difference between the two decades, and consequently examining the accuracy of the predominant view that they are two different decades.Moreover, the modern understanding of the “image” includes its employment as a metaphoric device, or as a group of visual signs artistically displayed on paper. Knowing the importance of the literary device, poets used it heavily, whether sketched with language or designed with lines. To have perfect manifestation of the poets’ interest in this aspect, we focus on the theoretical achievements related to the poetic image of poetry of the two decades.Deciding the identity of poetry of the two decades mentioned is more like finding an identity for the cultural and aesthetic history of that time. Imagery is the essence of poetry which is an art in language different from that written in prose. Thus, studying this device, i.e. imagery, and researching its requirements and function is quite necessary. We adopt a descriptive analysis that takes into account the historical arrangement of the texts samples. While in analyzing the poetic texts (verses) we use the text analysis method where we observe the signs, their relations, and the image formation.The study falls in an introduction and three chapters and a conclusion that summarizes the most important of the results. The introduction sets the definition of a “generation” and the role of a generation. Moreover, Iraqi “generations” are specifically formed by decades, as will be clarified in detail later in the chapter.Chapter One tackles the source of imagery for poets of the two decades, which the researcher considers sufficient to shed light on the nature of imagery. Analyzing the poetry of that time shows important regional and cultural features, and the chapter was ,thus, divided into two sections.Chapter Two deals with formations of the image used intentionally by the poets. It falls into two sections, dealing with the single image and the complex image successively.Chapter Three deals with the significance of the use of image in the two decades of poets analyzed through the context of the poems.This study tries to comprehensively deal with the efforts in the poetic work of the two decades in an important area of research represented by the decade of formation; the artistic and technical decade rather than the historical one. It handles the poets who emerged in the early sixteenth and seventeenths. Those poets whose longing for individuality prompted them to form, through experimentation, a new vision which was partially or completely different from that of those who preceded them.The sample of the study includes poets from the two decades. The poets of the sixteenths are Fadhil Al - Azawi, Sami Mehdi, Hasab Al - Sheik Jaafar, Fawzi Kareem, Hameed Saeed, and Amal Al - Zahawi. While the poets of the seventeenths are Khazel Al - Majidee, Zahir Al - Jizani, Adeeb Kamal al - Din, Kadhim Jihad, Kamal Sabti, Hashim Shafik, Bushrah Al - Bustani, and Sajida Hameed.This study sets about new area of researching, it deals with the early formation of the two decades, identifying the beginning of each decade and paving the way for the researchers to take interest in the comparative studies to manifest the reality of the difference between all the poetic decades. Moreover, the study revises the misconception that a (decade) refers to a literary generation in only ten years. The study shows that a (decade) represents a stage of formation of a new literary generation rather than an end of one. The study emphasizes that the realization of literary generation does not necessarily occur at the end of one. The concept of a poetic work can develop continually through the historical ages and the next decades. Hence, the element of time and its role is intentionally employed in this study as it has a great influence on motivating the poetic development.Though I do my best in handling the topic, perfection is impossible, and I hope that I was able to precisely cover the whole topic and give answers for the main questions of the study and its hypotheses.The researcher would like to thank his supervisor Prof. Abdul Adheem Raheef Alsultani for his countless efforts to help and supervise. I can not find the words of thanking that suit his esteemed status. He was so generous in lending the researcher the chance to discuss and defend his point of view when he was ready to do. May God give him success to be a master, a father, and a prosperous figure in the science of the Arabic Language. I hope him the long and healthy life. His great efforts are the reason the research came out as it is today.

ثنائيات المكان في النص الشعري العراقي1990 - 2003 == Binaries place in the poetic text Iraqi (1990 - 2003

Author name: نبا علي حسين
Supervisor name: صفاء عبيد حسين الحفيظ
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: وانطلاقا من ان الشعر افق مفتوح وان استجلاء الماضي واعادة النظر فيه يمثل ابداعا, جاء موضوع بحثنا ليسلط الضوء على مدة زمنية مثلت اخطر الحقب في ادبنا العراقي المعاصر, لانها نتاج واقع سياسي مضطرب, غير مستقر, وفي هذه الحقبة الممتدة ما بين (1990 - 2003) جاءت التجارب الشعرية على نحو متفرد ومتميز في اعقاب تحولات سياسية واجتماعية وفكرية هائلة, ربما لم يشهد تاريخ العراق مثيلا لها من قبل, فكانت لشعرائها اراء مختلفة تجاه واقعهم, فنشا الشاعر محاصرا بالحروب والتشرد والحرمان, في ظل الحكم الدكتاتوري المناوئ له, فكان المثقف والاديب هو المتضرر الاكبر من كل هذا الاستبداد والبشاعة السلطوية, على الرغم من كونه الصوت المعبر عن ابناء وطنه المعاصرين له, وهذا ما انعكس في النصوص الشعرية التي نظموها, والتي نتجت في تلك الحقبة, فكانت محنته الواقعية, وقد جعله ذلك يولي الكثير من الدقة في اختيار الالفاظ والمعاني, فضلا عن ذلك تعبيره بصور ايحائية عما يجري في صلب واقعه, وهي بلا شك نصوص رصدت الظواهر التي خلفتها السلطة السياسية في حروبها وقمعها, وما نتج عنها من جوع وحصار, وقد صورت تلك النصوص ايضا مدى معاناة الشاعر جراء التبعات التي لحقته من السلطة اذ عانى تحتها الكثير من ويلات المطاردة والتهميش, ومثل هذه الظروف, منحت النص بعدا اوسع, وطابعا مختلفا عن غيره من النصوص.اما الدراسات التي تناولت او قاربت هذا المنجز الشعري العراقي فتمثلت في الرسائل الجامعية والدوريات, منها؛ دراسة الدكتور صفاء عبيد حسين الحفيظ في اطروحته للدكتوراه الموسومة بـ(الشعر العراقي الحر خارج الوطن من 1970 - 2003, دراسة موضوعية فنية) متحدثا فيها عن بعض قصائد هؤلاء الشعراء, ورسالة الماجستير التي تقدم بها الباحث سعيد حميد كاظم الموسومة ب(تجييل الكتابة الشعرية في العراق, بين التنظير والاجراء, دراسة في الجيل التسعيني),ورسالة الباحث سلام سلمان الربيعي الموسومة ب(ثنائية المواجهة والهروب في الشعر العراقي الحديث من 1990 - 2003, دراسة بنيوية تكوينية) في المدة الزمنية نفسها, ورسالة الباحثة سالار سليم الموسومة ب(شعرية التضاد في نصوص الجيل التسعيني العراقي في عقد التسعينات) ايضا تحدثت عن البعض من قصائد هؤلاء الشعراء, وهناك بحث نشرته مجلة القادسية للعلوم الانسانية للباحثة نهى حسين كندوح بعنوان (تحولات المدينة في شعر التسعينات, شعراء العراق انموذجا) تطرقت فيه الى مجموعة من هؤلاء الشعراء, وتقف اهمية الدراسة في كونها محاولة متواضعة لدراسة ثنائيات المكان في النص الشعري العراقي الحديث بوصفه بؤرة الانفعالات ومنطلق الافكار, والعواطف, كالخوف والاطمئنان والحلم والضياع والسعادة والشقاء, مع اثره الكبير في رسم معالم الشخصية التي يحتويها, اذ اصبح يضطلع بموقع خاص ومتميز, ينهض بالنص بشكل اجمالي, فضلا عن علاقة المكان بالانسان اذ يعد انعكاسا لسلوكه ونظرا لطبيعته كونه حاملا للالفة والعداء, وقد عرضنا في دراستنا هذه كوكبة من الشعراء الذين لم يسلط عليهم الضوء كثيرا, ممن شردوا عن اوطانهم لسبب او لاخر, او ممن بقوا يصارعون الظلم والهزيمة داخل هذا الوطن, ومما يجدر ذكره اننا قد عالجنا النص الشعري معالجة موضوعية, يضمن ذلك تتبع المكان في النتاج الشعري مع اهتمامنا باختيار النصوص التي تناولت المكان بصوره الواضحة, وحسب ما تقتضيه مفردات الدراسة, ولم نعتمد على كثير من تلك النصوص الشعرية التي لا نجد فيها مبتغانا؛ لان الهدف من وراء هذا البحث, هو الوقوف على المكان عبر ما انتجه الشعراء من نصوص ابداعية خلال المدة المحددة, اعتمادا على ما ثبت من تواريخ الطبع, او ما اثبته الشعراء من تواريخ لانجاز نصوصهم, وفي ذلك احتكمت الدراسة في تعاملها مع النصوص الى المنهج الفني والتحليلي.وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث ان يقسم على اربعة فصول يسبقها تمهيد وتتلوها خاتمة عرضت في التمهيد رؤية لمفهوم الثنائيات في الدرس النقدي الحديث, وتتبع مسيرتها عند النقاد والباحثين, وكيف استثمرت في مجالات الحياة كافة. وابراز دورها في انتاج بلاغة النص والكشف عن جمالياته, مع تناول الشاعر لها في بيان معظم تمظهراتها الفيزياوية واظهار دلالاتها في صورها الحية المتمظهرة في (الاليف/ المعادي) و(المغلق/ المفتوح) و(الساكن/ المتحرك) و(الحاضر/ الغائب), وخصصت الفصل الاول لدراسة الثنائيات الضدية التي يخلقها المكان, تحت عنوان (المكان المغلق والمفتوح) حيث تجلت فيه علاقة الذات مع المكان وطبيعة هذه العلاقة من حيث التالف والتضاد, وتوزع الفصل على مبحثين, تناول الاول المكان المغلق والمفتوح ودرس الثاني المكان المظلم والمضيء.وقد درست في الفصل الثاني الثنائيات المكانية على مستوى الانشداد اليها والابتعاد عنها تحت عنوان (المكان الاليف والمعادي), وقسم على ثلاثة مباحث تضمنت (البيت واللا بيت) و(القرية/ المدينة) و(الوطن/ المنفى) بوصف هذه المتعارضات المكانية الثنائية حاملة لصفات المكان الاليف والاخر المعادي, وتضمن الفصل الثالث دراسة (المكان الساكن والمتحرك ) , بتمثلاته وتصوراته فجاء على مبحثين المكان (الساكن/ المتحرك) والمكان (العتبة/ الواصل).وعرضت في الفصل الرابع (المكان الحاضر والغائب), وتخصص هذا الفصل بالمكان الحاضر الواقعي الذي يشهده الشاعر بحقيقته والاخر الغائب الذي لا يعيشه الشاعر حقيقة, وانما يكون حاضرا على المستوى الذهني للشاعر, وضم ايضا مبحثين هما (الحاضر/ الغائب) و(الهنا/ الهناك).واخيرا لا بد ان اشير الى صعوبة واجهتني تتعلق بعملية الحصول على المجاميع الشعرية لهؤلاء النخبة من الشعراء, لاسباب منها ان اغلب النصوص الشعرية طبعت على طريقة الاستنساخ وباعداد محدودة جدا, فضلا على كون البعض الاخر منها قد طبع خارج البلاد, ونفذت اعدادها مما تعسر علي الحصول عليها الا الى بعض منها مستنسخا. ومن الصعوبات التي واجهتها ايضا التفاوت الحاصل بين تواريخ كتابة تلك النصوص في المدة (1990 - 2003), وتواريخ نشرها بعد سنين لاحقة, فلا بد من التنويه الى ان هذه الدراسة قد اعتمدت على تاريخ كتابة تلك النصوص وليس تاريخ نشرها في مجموعات شعرية بعد انقضاء تلك الحقبة. ولا يسعني الا ان اتوجه بالشكر للعلي القدير على توفيقي في هذا الجهد البحثي وتمكيني منه,وبالامتنان الوافر لاستاذي الفاضل الدكتور صفاء عبيد الحفيظ المشرف على الدراسة, الذي كان له الفضل في تثبيت خطواتي الاولى في البحث وتمهيد الطريق امامي, باشرافه الدائم واعادتي الى الجادة البحثية, عند كل زلة قلم او لبس لغوي او معرفي فجزاه الله عني خير الجزاء | The subject of the place is binaries in the poetic text of Iraq for the period (1990 - 2003) a new phenomenon has not been studied before at these poets. We had a real geographical place across binaries several of them (closed / open) and (pet / opposed) and (static / mobile) and (present / absent) after a preliminary summary of the concept of diodes in general, and how the promised structural pillar head rested on the existence, in communication and human perception, and stand at the dimensions of the aesthetic, intellectual and humanitarian and how I took her role in literature and represent the position of the Iraqi poet in particular, through Manifestation in scientific efforts to critics of Arab and foreign intellectuals, and what is signified by the juxtaposition and parallels and contradictions relationships .The place had the largest share of these diodes, especially those that depend on the polarity and the interview between places, inside Iraq and place poetic text that instance these opposing diodes in the text is where the perceived physical geographical dimensions of the various forms and effects of structural Structures rising on jarring parties significance of poetry heavy.And achieved those spatial diodes basic artistic value on the ladder of poetic values consisting of the structure of the poetic text and producing means where taken by the poet strategic component chairman in the construction of the poem, sung by cargo - bearing tension and contrast and depth, underlying reality tragic disputed, where it formed a feature of the poet attributes, and expressed its conflicts Life and dispute direction of reality.After induction for this product poetic Iraqi We found may illustrate the troubled Language and respected symbols, mystery and blades, as well as on the nature of melancholic camp on the realism of their experiences, was the phenomenon of diodes good representative of such painful impulses, intense and difficulties Wounding that reality, it was an important clue reveals a poetic text and aesthetics and a dramatically reactions and radiation aesthetic in the formation painting the noodles with a statement that deep connection between man / poet and objective place as a sense of authentic and deep in the human conscience, in the same owner satisfaction and tranquility as a result of which there is the carefree life requirements, or may leave a negative impact bad at the same static of what might happen to him as hostile and cruelty and the destruction. Lead aversion to that place and try to leave it and keep away from him.It was found through this research that the Iraqi poet in the period between 1990 - 2003 has employed the phenomenon of spatial diodes like other literary phenomena to show the psychological state of the poet and show purposes and to stand then it took carries place (Dream) at the same wherever he goes, and this became the place is not geographically, but it means he has everything, which has not been achieved with the others of poets that emanated from the real and inherent in its homeliness

الالوهية في المتن السردي الرافديني : دراسة مضمونية == Metn narrative Mesopotamia study of substance

Author name: هبة محمد صكبان خنجر
Supervisor name: جاسم حميد جودة
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: سجل تراث وادي الرافدين موقف الانسان ازاء الوجود مصحوبا بالرهبة والدهشة والاستفهام، وصاغ اسئلة مصيرية حول الذات والوجود تكررت عبر الازمنة وتسربت الى ثقافات وحضارات متجاورة ومتباعدة، فكان هذا التراث بطريقة او باخرى قد اثر في صياغة المناخ الثقافي لمنطقة الشرق الاوسط القديم وهذا ما اكدته الابحاث المقارنة في ان اغلب المعاني التي شكلت شبكة القيم في الحضارات ترد في اصولها الى المعاني التي انبثقت من حضارة بلاد وادي الرافدين. لقد اودع الانسان العراقي القديم وعيه لعالمه في منتجه الادبي وقدمه في اسلوب ادبي رفيع متخم بالرموز العميقة شكلت اوليات المخيلة الاجتماعية، وهذا ما جعل تراث وادي الرافدين دائم الخصوبة والغنى عبر الازمنة ومنفتحا على القراءة والتاويل. سعت الدراسة الى ان يكون المتن العراقي القديم هو مدار اشتغالها وقد اجتهدت في تحديد الثيمات القارة التي شيدت هذا المتن فركزت على مسالة الالوهية، اذ وجدتها المحور الذي تحرك على وفقه الفضاء الثقافي، فالصراع بين الالهة هو صراع حول السلطة، وقد حقق هذا الصراع استقطابا بين طرفي الصراع، صاغ الى حد ما وحرك معاني المتن الادبي، فشكل انساقا مخفية تدير حركة المعاني وتوزيعها، كما واشرت على لحظات التحول من طرف الى اخر وما يترتب على هذا التحول من ادارة دفة المعنى وتقويضه في دلالته المباشرة ليحمل ضده المخفي في داخله، بحسبان النسق صوتا مخفيا يصاحب النص يفضح انتهاكه للحقيقة . ويكمن سبب اختيارنا لهذا المتن كونه يجمع مادة متنوعة وخصبة تمتد لفترة زمنية تكشف مختلف الثقافات والعادات والديانات والطقوس الرافدينية فضلا عن كونه يحمل امكانيات قرائية وتاويلية متعددة ومختلفة. وعليه توزعت الدراسة على تمهيد وثلاثة فصول : سلط التمهيد الضوء على تسمية بلاد وادي الرافدين، والادب الذي ظهر في المكان الجغرافي المحدد على وفق هذه التسمية، واهم ابواب هذا الادب وكتابه. حمل الفصل الاول عنوان : التاسيس لالوهية الانثى وتجلياتها في المتن السردي الرافديني، وقد توزع على مبحثين : المبحث الاول : اوليات وعي الالوهة المؤنثة : وفيه تم رصد ابجديات تاسيس الوعي بالوهية الانثى، وقد وجدت الدراسة ان سبب الالوهية يعود الى التشابه بين الانثى(المراة) والطبيعة، كمراصد تسرب النسق الذكوري لاصل الخلق الاول الذي كان خاصا بالانثى ومحاولته سلب صفات الالوهة المؤنثة. وحمل المبحث الثاني عنوان : الصياغة الانثوية لفضاء ملحمة جلجامش : ووجدت الدراسة ان المراة قد حافظت على وظيفتها الخالقة في الملحمة على الرغم من ان الملحمة تسجل صعود الثقافة الذكورية، وكشفت ان الرجل عاجز عن التخلي عن المرجعيات الامومية ولاسيما في الوظائف الحساسة. اما الفصل الثاني فقد حمل عنوان : التاسيس لالوهية الذكر وتجلياتها في المتن السردي الرافديني، وقد توزع على مدخل ومبحثين : حمل المدخل عنوان : الصراع الرمزي بين الثقافتين الامومية والابوية. وتناول المبحث الاول : لحظة الصراع ومشهد العنف الذكوري : اذ سجل اللحظات الاولى للصراع بين الالهة الذكور والالهات الاناث، ومراافق ذلك من صور العنف المبرمج ضد الالوهة المؤنثة، ابتداء من تشويه الاصل الاول للخلق (المؤنث)، وصولا الى قتل هذا الاصل وازاحته، ومن ثم الوصول للهيمنة الذكورية على المشهد الديني والسياسي . اما المبحث الثاني فكان بعنوان : صعود الثقافة الذكورية والغاء الرمز الانثوي : وهو يمثل المرحلة الثانية بعد قتل الالهة الام وازاحتها عن مشهد الخلق، فقد سعت الالوهة الذكورية الى سلب الرموز الانثوية مثل التاج والصولجان، او قتل كل رموزها كما حصل مع خمبابا والثور السماوي .اما الفصل الثالث فقد حمل عنوان : التحول الثقافي وانتصار الحضارة الابوية، وقد توزع على مبحثين : المبحث الاول وتناول : الهيمنة الذكورية والتحول في اسطورة التكوين والخلق، رصد سمات التحول في النص الاسطوري المتمثل بصراع الالهة بعضها مع بعض والانتقال من الالوهة المؤنثة (الامومية)، الى الالوهة المذكرة (الابوية)، وتجاوز ذلك الى تحول كافة نواميسها وادواتها ورموزها الى رموز بطرياركية. اما المبحث الثاني فقد حمل عنوان : الهيمنة الذكورية والتحول في ملحمة جلجامش رصدت ثيمات التحول والاستلاب في النص الملحمي المتمثل بصراع الالهة مع انصاف الالهة والبشر ومحاولات الالهة المؤنثة، استرجاع مجدها واعادة انتاج خطابها ولكن بادوات ذكورية ومرجعيات انثوية بحتة. ثم ذيلت الرسالة بخاتمة تضمنت اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها . اما اهم الصعوبات التي واجهتني في عملية البحث والدراسة فهي تناثر المتن في مصادر ومراجع عديدة فضلا عن ندرة توافرها في المكتبات العامة | History heritage of Mesopotamia human attitude towards the presence coupled with awe and wonder and question, and coined the fateful questions about oneself and being repeated across time and spilled into the cultures and civilizations contiguous and far between, it was one way or another this heritage has influenced the ancient cultural climate of the Middle East formulation and this has been confirmed by comparative research in most of the meanings that formed a network of values in the cultures are reflected in assets to the meanings that emerged from the civilization of Mesopotamia.Old Iraqi man has filed consciousness of his world in the literary productive and foot in a high literary style is replete with symbols formed deep social priorities of the imagination, and that's what made the heritage of Mesopotamia lasting fertility and richness through time and open to the reading and interpretation.The study sought to be the old Iraqi tenderloin is over functioning has worked hard to identify themes continent which constructed the Metn focused on the issue of divinity, as I've found the axis that moved on and the jurisprudence of the cultural space, conflict among the gods is a struggle for power, and this conflict has achieved polarized between parties to the conflict, coined somewhat and move the meanings of literary antecedent, He formed echelons hidden manages the movement of meanings and distribution, as I pointed out on the moments switching from one party to another and what the consequences of this shift from the helm of meaning management and undermine the direct significance to carry him hidden inside, punctual layout voice accompanies the text is hidden exposes violating the truth.The reason we chose this Metn bringing together a diverse and fertile stretch material for a time period reveal different cultures, customs and religions and rituals Mesopotamian as well as a literacy holds the potential of a number of different interpretive. Thus the study were distributed to pave and three chapters : Boot shed light on naming Mesopotamia, and literature that appeared in the exact geographical location according to the label, and the most important doors of this literature and writing.Download the first chapter title : Incorporation and the female manifestation of divinity in the Metn Mesopotamian narrative, it has been distributed to two topics : First topic : the priorities of the awareness of the divine feminine : and it was monitoring the ABCs establish awareness of a female divinity, the study found that the cause of divinity goes back to the similarities between the female (women) nature, as Layout male for the origin of the first creation, which was a special a female leakage monitoring and attempting to rob qualities of the divine feminine .His second section title : drafting female to space the Epic of Gilgamesh : The study found that women had maintained its job creative in the saga, although the saga recorded rise of patriarchal culture, and revealed that the man is incapable of abandoning references maternal especially in sensitive jobs.The second chapter titled : Incorporation of the male deity and its manifestations in the Metn narrative Mesopotamian, was distributed at the entrance and two sections : Download entrance Address : symbolic of the conflict between the two cultures maternal and parental. And eat the first section : the moment of the conflict and a scene of male violence : the first moments of history of the conflict between the gods of male and female gods, and the accompanying images programmed violence against the divine feminine, starting from the first origin of the creation of distortion (feminine), leading up to the killing of the asset and dislodge, and then access to the dominance of the male on the religious and political landscape.A second section was titled : The Rise of a male culture and the abolition of the female symbol : It represents the second stage after the killing of the mother of the gods and dislodge them from the scene of creation, the divine masculine sought to rob the feminine symbols, such as the crown and scepter, or kill all the symbols, as happened with Khmpapa bull heavenly.The third chapter titled : cultural transformation and the triumph of the patriarchal civilization, has been distributed to two sections : The first topic addressed : male domination and transformation of the myth of Genesis, creation, monitoring attributes the shift in the legendary text of clash of gods with each other and the transition from the divine feminine (maternal) to divinity note (parental), and beyond that to shift all Noamesha, tools and symbols to Boutryarkah symbols. The second topic was titled : male dominance and a shift in the Epic of Gilgamesh spotted theme transformation and alienation in the epic text of clash of gods with the demigods and humans and attempts gods feminine, retrieve its glory and reproduce speech but tools masculine references feminine purely.Then appended to the letter included the conclusion the most important findings. The main difficulties that I faced in the process of research and study, they are scattered in the Metn many sources and references as well as the scarcity of availability in the public libraries

الحجاج عند الشعراء السود حتى 656 هـ

Author name: نورة محمد عباس
Supervisor name: محمد شاكر ناصر الربيعي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

الصمت فــي القران الكريم == Silence in the Qur'an

Author name: Mahdi Abdul Amir tempted Alktrani
Supervisor name: عباس محمد رضا حسن البياتي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: He studied the Koran objective and technical studies and many rhetorical, and the major themes and topics and the overall junior and detailed and textured and similar and other topics which are innumerable.The silence is part of these topics, and penetrates deep down, this means that talk of silence is to talk about important aspects of the book described a spokesman for the right of, and did not Koranic studies were represented in theses or others have dealt with this aspect of research and Signifying by according a literary approach and the vision of the Koran, and did not turn to him as a spectacle - silence - combines integrated scattered on the subject of study and academic research until Almighty God inspired him to consider, and search, and the stand has in his hands to see genders and secrets.Silence is the language has its own expressive on the level of literature and art in all genders, Silence is not merely tolerated or putting it off as that comes to the mind of some, or is the absence of impact or influential, but it is the presence of a conscious high language, and has a function tag and semiotic in the text, Hesitation and silence for two seconds before the word Yes, makes it stronger than it is without it.This thesis has been under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Mohammad Reza Abbas al - Bayati, who was supervised by her people and giving them too much time and effort bumper, in the Department of Arabic Language in the College of Education and Human Sciences at the University of Babylon.The plan, which went out in search has been split to pave and three chapters and a conclusion. .Boot on the rooting of the concept of silence included by reference to language books and dictionaries, rhetoric, literature, theater, novels, philosophy, and then exit the definition of idiomatic procedural, adopted by the researcher and the study constructing chapters. . In the first chapter split talk at the entrance and three sections, eating entrance silence its true sense is known, and divide it into silence involuntary ensure its first section, and the silence of involuntary ensure its second section, and spoke the third section about the silence of the silent picture painted by the Koran world and the Hereafter scenes.The second chapter is divided at the entrance and three sections also, eating talk about the flesh silent and its importance, functions and subscription tandem in word and movement language of the entrance, and arbitrary signifier and the signified in acoustic and silent language, and in the first part dealt with the implications of head movement silent, face, eye, and the second section talked about the hand and their implications, and the third section talked about the body and do sitting and implications. .The third chapter to talk about the language of silence inside, and split at the entrance of the three sections, the first section for brevity and deletions occur, and the second section of silence for the narrative, and the third section for semantic silence.Came Conclusion to talk about the most important outcome of the research.Finally, I ask God Almighty Aziz to guide our steps and to help us to please Him and his service, and to make this work purely

شعرية العنونة عند الشعراء الرومانسيين : دراسة سيميائية == Peotical titled with in Romantics Aletter produced

Author name: نهى محسن عبد الكاظم الاعرجي
Supervisor name: حسن دخيل عباس الطائي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: العرب ولا سيما الرومانسيين في نهايات القرن التاسع عشر وبدايات القرن العشرين ، بعد تاثرهم باساليب الشعر الغربي، وقد كان لهم السبق في ترسيخ موضوع عنونة القصائد الشعرية في الشعر العربي الحديث، وهو امر لم يلتفت اليه الشاعر العربي قبل ذلك التاريخ. فالشاعر العربي القديم لم يعن بالعنونة، فكانت القصائد انذاك تعرف من خلال حرف رويها، او مطالعها، او المناسبة التي قيلت فيها، او مضمونها. الا ان الشعراء الرومانسيين احدثوا نقلة نوعية في هذا الميدان باختيارهم عنوانات معينة لقصائدهم، يميزون من خلالها قصيدة عن اخرى، ويمنحونها هويتها المستقلة، ويغرون المتلقي بقراءتها، فضلا عن كون عنوان القصيدة علامة تحيل على موضوعها، ومفتاحا يفتح القارئ من خلاله مغاليق النص الشعري، وبوابة يسبر من خلالها اغواره.وعلى الرغم مما بذله الشعراء الرومانسيون من جهد كبير في التفنن في عنونة قصائدهم بعناوين تستحق الدراسة والتحليل، ولا سيما تلك التي تكون لغتها منزاحة، وفيها شيء من الغرابة والمفارقة، لم يلتفت احد من الباحثين الى دراسة هذا الموضوع، لذا عقدت العزم على اختياره موضوعا لبحثي ودراسته عند ابرز شعراء الرومانسية في الشعر العربي الحديث، ولا سيما شعراء ابولو الذين عملوا على ترسيخ الرومانسية وانضاجها، فبلغت على ايديهم اوج ازدهارها، في حين اخترت من شعراء المهجر ايليا ابي ماضي الذي اثبت براعة في انفتاح نمط جديد من الرومانسية تتداخل فيه النزعة الرومانسية مع الفلسفة، فجاء برؤى جميلة في في موضوعات التفاؤل والتشاؤم والتامل في الكون والحياة والنفس الانسانية. وقد رايت ان عنوانات قصائد هذه النخبة من شعراء الرومانسية كفيلة باعطاء صورة واضحة عن شعرية العنونة في شعرهم، فاجتهدت في مقاربة عنوانات اخترتها مختلفة في بنيتها التركيبية، وفي وظيفتها، وفي دلالتها، واثرها، في موضوعات الرومانسية المتعددة، ولا سيما تلك العنوانات التي تستفز المتلقي، وتثير الفضول في نفسه، فتغريه بقراءتها وفك شفراتها. وقد قامت المقاربة على وفق معطيات المنهج السيميائي، بوصفه المنهج الانسب، وذلك لما يختزله العنوان من دلالات مختلفة تمنحه شعرية خاصة , وذلك في محاولة لفك شفرات عنوانات القصائد التي تم اعتمادها في الدراسة. على ان ذلك لا يمنع من توظيف بعض المناهج الاخرى كالمنهج الوصفي او المنهج التحليلي.وقد اقتضت المادة العلمية ان يكون البحث على ثلاثة فصول تعقبها خاتمة. فقد جاء الفصل الاول تمهيدا في العنونة ومصطلحات النقد ) في خمسة مباحث، فتابعت في المبحث الاول العنوان في التراث العربي : القران الكريم ، والشعر العربي بعصوره المختلفة، فاشرت الى افتقاره الى عناوين تسم قصائده. وتناولت في المبحث الثاني العنوان ماهيته ووظائفه، واختصت المباحث الثلاثة بمصطلحات النقد، وهي على التوالي : مفهوم الشعرية، ومفهوم السيميائية، ومفهوم الرومانسية. على ان هذه المصطلحات هي من المصطلحات التي يتم تدوالها في دراسة وتحليل اي من النصوص الادبية سيميائيا . وارتبطت هذه المصطلحات مع بعضها لتشكل قاعدة الانطلاق نحو دراسة العنوانات المنتخبة. وقد اختص الفصل الثاني بدراسة بنية العنوان في الشعر الرومانسي، فجاء في مبحثين : تناول المبحث الاول بنية العنوان المفرد، فيما تناول المبحث الثاني بنية العنوان المركب.واما الفصل الثالث فدرست فيه موضوعات العنوان الرومانسي دراسة سيميائية، فجاء تحت عنوان (العنوان علامة دالة على موضوعات الرومانسية)، وقد توزع على ثلاثة مباحث بحسب الموضوعات التي تحيل اليها العناوين، وهي على التوالي (الحب والطبيعة والتامل ) مستشهدين بامثلة مما انتجه الشعراء الرومانسيين من عناوين تجسدت من خلالها تلك المصطلحات النقدية التي اشرت اليها في الفصل الاول. وقد توج البحث بخاتمة تضمنت اهم النتائج التي توصل اليها.وقد قامت هذه الدراسة على مصادر اساسية من اهمها عتبات جنيت من النص الى المناص لجيرار جنيت , وعلم العنونة لعبد القادر رحيم , والسيموطيقيا والعنونة لـ جميل حمداوي، وغيرها من المصادر التي اغنت البحث بمعلومات قيمة. وقد واجهت الباحثة بعض الصعوبات التي تطلبت جهدا وعناء اضافيا , ومن هذه الصعوبات عدم الحصول على المصادر الاساسية الا بعد جهد ومشقة, وقد تهيا لي استاذ مشرف يمتلك سعة في العلم والمنهج وسعة الصدر , وافاض علي بعلمه وملاحظاته السديدة التي قومت البحث فله مني جزيل الشكر والتقدير واسال الله ان يمد في عمره ليفيد منه طلبة العلم .وفي الختام اسال الى الله تعالى ان يجعل هذا الجهد المتواضع معينا لمن سيضع بحثا مماثلا او يقرا السميائية من زاوية اخرى وعليه توكلت واليه انيب | The titled poetic in the poetical texts for the romantic poets tried to be away from the styles of poetry which are dominated and affected by the western poetic styles . It works with its critical new theories ,so the romantic poets had their new approach taking in their consideration the focus on the title is a it is a unit of the poetical texts units .The most recognized things that they had reached during the searching rip are : 1 - the Arabic poetic heritage doesn’t care about the title, so it gives substitutes for it in the Arabic paganism poetry or even at the early era of Islam .so under this state, the title still absent and it didn’t have any attention until the end of 19th century and beginning of 20th the century.2 - the romantic poets were offered by the western texts styles and they took that on their texts trying to be nearby through extracting those styles - which were in the western text - to the Arabic texts to break classic Limits which were put by the Arabic poets as means for their texts. The romantic poets tried to exchange that.3 - the romantic poets succeeded in styles and dealing with the texts titles so according to this concept, so the subject content requires dividing the search into three chapters, preceded by preface and followed by conclusion .the preface came under this tit le : (The Title in the Arabic poetry triage ). The first chapter came under the title : (Titling and Critic Issues ).In it , there is approaching for the terms : ( The title : its meaning and its importance , poetical , Romantic ) . The second chapter came under the title : (the title constructing in the romantic poetry and its function ) .It included two subjects (the constructing content of the title ) And (the romantic title function c) The third chapter which is known by ( subjects of the romantic title , study ). In it , there is a concentrating on all of : (love and nature and medication ) then I mentioned - at the end of the research - the conclusion which contained the most important results which are achieved through the search. At last there is a list of the resources and references and a summary in English Language.

الفضاء الشعري عند العرجي (ت 120هـ) == A thousand Jewish people believe When General Raji (T 120 e)

Author name: نور عبد الستار عباس ابراهيم
Supervisor name: امل عبد الجبار كريم الشرع
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين، وخالق الانسان، ومعلمه البيان والصلاة والسلام على نبيه محمد(صلى الله عليه وعلى ال محمد وصحبه اجمعين) وبعد.. ان مفهوم الفضاء الشعري واحد من اهم المفردات التي دار حولها خلاف في تحديد مفهومه ،وقلت الدراسات التي تختص به في شعر الشعراء مقارنة بالدراسات التي تهتم بالرواية فمن اجل ذلك قمت بدراسة الفضاء في شعر العرجي الذي قلت الدراسات التي تناولته فلست ازعم اني اول من تناول العرجي بالدراسة فهناك رسالة (سرى سليم عبد الشهيد المعمار)(البناء الفني للعرجي) فهي وواضح من عنوانها دراسة فنية وسبقتها دراسة رافعة سعيد السراج التي اختصت بدراسة العرجي من زاوية حياته وعصره فقط، لكني اقول باني اول من درس الفضاء عند هذا الشاعر الاموي ،فهو قد انماز بفضاء جميل من الامكنة والازمنة التي تفرد بها وان كان في بعض المواضع سار على نهج سابقيه لكنه اضفى عليها من شخصيته واسلوبه الذي تفرد به، دراستي لم تخل من الصعوبات لكنها لم تكن كبيرة فمن بين تلك الصعوبات هي ترددي في اختيار المنهج الذي اعتمد عليه في التحليل لكن استقر تفكيري على ان اقوم بدراسة هذا الموضع على وفق المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. جاءت هذه الدراسة في ثلاثة فصول،فالفصل الاول يختص بفضاء الشعري الزماني فقد انقسم هذا الفصل على مبحثين تناول المبحث الاول الفضاء الزماني في المنظور النقدي،والمبحث الثاني تناول الفضاء الشعري الزماني بعدا جماليا،اما الفصل الثاني فاختص بدراسة فضاء الشعري المكاني وانقسم على ثلاثة مباحث تناول المبحث الاول الفضاء المكاني في المنظور النقدي ،اما المبحث الثاني فتناول الفضاء الشعري المكاني بعدا جماليا ،اما المبحث الثالث فتناول البعد النفسي للمكان ،اما الفصل الثالث فاختص بدراسة التشكيل الفني للفضاء هاجس الزمن نموذجا ويشمل الظعن ، الطلل ، السجن ، المراة وختم البحث بقائمة باهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها وقائمة بالمصادر والمراجع ومخلص للبحث، واخيرا اتقدم بالشكر الجزيل والثناء الجميل الى استاذي المشرفة (دـ امل عبدالجبار الشرع) واخر دعوانا ان الحمد لله رب العالمين | Praise be to Allah and peace and blessings be upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace be on Muhammad and companions) and. ..The concept of poetic space is one of the most important vocabulary that House disputed in the conceptualization and differed in defining what is included mtkhts time without place? or a place without time? it proliferated on it and each supports the view argument or evidence, this problem started in the novel by the hair, and then began studies on the study of the poetic space.The main reason that prompted me to choose this topic further study is to prove that the poetic space not limited on time without a place or location without time it includes Monday and extend to include vision and motivation that made me choose alarjie group and single him in this study because the poet say studies haven't addressed the study singled out space when this poet, only letter (Sri Salim Abdul Shahid architecture) (technical construction llargi) are clearly entitled technical study and the earlier study said Sarraj whose specialized crane Study of alarjie group in terms of his life and his times only, in order to point out that the alarjie group as other poets the RPR in a beautiful space, places and times that their uniqueness, though in some places went to approach of his predecessors but he gave it a personality and style of the uniqueness and for this and that I wanted to do this study.My education was not without difficulties but not large among those difficulties are choosing the frequency approach adopted in the analysis but settled thinking I study here the descriptive analytical but it comes out in some few places linked to the semiotic and reason back to the researcher who saw the need for diversity in order to get better vision.This study came in four chapters, the first chapter in the time it has split this chapter three detectives first episode dealt with the concept of time in terms of linguistic and philosophical, religious, and section II dealt with dual time and includes two night and day and bi - past, present and fertile and arid binary, either section III specialized study method is the accessor and the anticipation and narrative styleChapter II dealt with the study of the image has divided the two sections address the first spatial image of Islam to the Hijaz and the image of women in society, either section II dealt with the spatial image of nature, both silent and animated and color picture.Chapter specialized study place has split into three detectives first episode dealt with the concept of place of linguistic and philosophical and literary cash, either section addressed the types of place I gave up studying two types of pet place (House) and place Maadi (prison) either section II dealt with the aesthetic dimension of space (capillary altelal) and psychological dimension of the place (alienation), chapter IV dealt with the study of revelation has divided the two sections deal with the first episode of natural vision included see altelal and see the animal and rational vision of either section II dealing with frivolous and political vision Human vision and the two see each other and seeing, and seal with a list of the most important findings and a list of sources and references and dedicated to research

جدل العام والخاص في شعر رشدي العامل == THE ARGUMENT OF THE GENERAL AND THE PARTICULAR IN RUSHDI AL - AMEL'S POETRY

Author name: راسم احمد عبيس الجرياوي
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم محمد الزرقاني
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: فقد حظي المنجز الشعري للجيل الخمسيني في العراق باهتمام بالغ وعناية فائقة وحفاوة كبيرة من النقاد والدارسين والباحثين المختصين بالشان الادبي بوصفه علامة فارقة وسمة بارزة ومميزة للحياة الادبية في العراق في تلك الحقبة التاريخية المهمة، لما انماز به ذلك النتاج من مواصفات موضوعية وتقنيات فنية وسمات اسلوبية حتمت على النقاد ان يقفوا امامه بالاجلال والاحترام والاعجاب والانبهار والانكباب عليه دراسة على نحو الوصف العام السطحي تارة او القراءة الفاحصة والتذوق المتاني والغوص في ابعاده الفنية العميقة تارة اخرى، ومن ثم مقاربتها في ضوء المناهج النقدية الحديثة المختلفة، فضلا عن استيفائها للمحاكمة والمساءلة في اطار المقولات الفلسفية والتصورات المعرفية الحديثة. وارتكازا على ذلك فان اختيارنا للمقولة الفلسفية (جدل العام والخاص) ليس من باب البذخ الثقافي او التبطر المعرفي او الثراء الفكري، وانما ينبعث من الواقع الجديد ورهاناته ومعطياته، وضرورة التعاطي الجاد مع حاجاته والاستجابة الواعية لمتطلباته في محاولة منا لمواكبة عجلة التطور في ميدان البحث العلمي التي تحتم علينا تحديث منظومتنا المعرفية والثقافية لتنسجم مع ممارساتنا المعرفية.وقد شابت الدراسات السابقة للشعراء العراقيين توجهات ايديولوجية بالدرجة الاساس، ايديولوجية بوصفها العام التي لا تتصل بتوجه سياسي اذ توزعت بين انتقاء الشعراء المدروسين، وانتقاء الطريقة التي يتناولون بها شعرهم. ولقد خسر اولئك الشعراء الذين تبنوا توجهات غير ايديولوجية جماعية وايديولوجية في ان، ومنهم الشاعر (رشدي العامل) الذي تبنى في شعره ايديولوجية جماعية وايديولوجية شخصية، اما العامة فقد تجلت بتوجه وطني وما يعج به من ارهاصات، واما الشخصية تجلت بقصائده التي خص بها زوجته وابنه بوصفه منتميا للحب في هذا السياق. ويبدو ان الدراسات السابقة لم تستطع مراعاة هذا التشابك بين الخاص في شعر رشدي العامل والعام فيه، اذ كانت تشدد على الخاص تارة وعلى العام تارة اخرى. والحق لا يمكن لايما دراسة ان تصل الى نتائج دقيقة من دون ان تراعي هذا التشابك بين جدل العام والخاص في شعره. ويعد رشدي العامل واحدا من الشعراء الخمسينيين الذين عاصروا جيلين اولهما : جيل السياب، وثانيهما : الجيل الستيني، وهذا التعاصر بين الجيلين اعطى لرشدي العامل ثقافة واسعة واكتراثا شعريا كبيرا، ولكن على الرغم من وقوعه بين جيلين الا انه بقي يعاني الاهمال والتجاهل ويرزح تحت وطاة النسيان وعدم الاكتراث ويئن من شدة الغبن والظليمة ولم تسلط عليه الاضواء كما سلطت على الشعراء الرواد والاجيال التي تلتهم، الامر الذي دعا بعض النقاد الى اطلاق تسمية (الجيل الضائع) عليهم من مثل (سعدي يوسف، وحسين مردان، ويوسف الصائغ، ومحمود بريكان، والفريد سمعان... وغيرهم)، وهذا الضياع دعاني الى تعقب شعر رشدي العامل وانارته واظهار سر جماله، ومن هنا تاتي اهمية الموضوع، يزاد على ذلك هو ان رشدي العامل لم يكن معروفا عند الكثير من الباحثين، وهذا ما زادني اصرارا وحرصا على ابراز شعره ودراسته، حتى انني لم اكن اعرفه الا بعد ان طرحه علي استاذي المشرف، فقد ذهبت وبحثت عنه لاتعرف عليه وعلى شعره فوجدته شاعرا عراقيا مبرزا حتى ان بعض النقاد يعده من الشعراء الرواد، وقد عاش حقبة ثقافية مزدهرة، وقد عثرت على ثماني مجاميع شعرية له، فضلا عن قصائد متفرقة لم تنشر لا في المجاميع الشعرية ولا في المجموعة الشعرية الكاملة التي طبعتها (دار المدى)، وكانت مبثوثة في الصحف والمجلات فضلا عن امتلاكه كتابات نقدية كانت مبثوثة في الصحف القديمة، وهذا الامر اعطاني حافزا وشجعني على لمس مواطن الايجاب والسلب في شعره، اما السبب الاخر هو قلة الدراسات التي تناولت شعره بالتعقيب والدراسة مقارنة باقرانه؛ لان اغلب الذين يدرسون الحقبة الخمسينية يركزون على الشعراء الرواد، ومن ثم ينتقلون الى الشعر الستيني، اما جيل العامل فلم يلتفت اليه الا قلة وهذه القلة لم تركز على شعره ولكنها تنظر اليه نظرة عابرة خاطفة، عدا ثلاث رسائل درست شعر الشاعر وكان فيها جهد يحمد، كانت الاولى (شعر رشدي العامل دراسة لغوية)، والثانية (الرومانسية في شعر رشدي العامل)، اما الثالثة (نحت في ضباب، شاعرية رشدي العامل).اما موضوعنا فتكمن الصعوبة فيه؛ لاني لم اجد رسالة او اطروحة او كتابا يدرس (جدل العام والخاص) وهذا جعلني الاقي صعوبات جمة، فضلا عن قلة المصادر التي تناولت رشدي العامل ما عدا اشارات مبثوثة في بعض المصادر، اما الصعوبة الاخرى فتكمن في كتابات العامل وكتابات النقاد الذين تعقبوا شعره بالدرس والتحليل، وتكمن صعوبة تلك الدراسات والكتابات في انها منشورة في الصحف القديمة في السبعينيات والثمانينيات فضلا عن مطلع التسعينيات، وهذه الصحف لم اعثر عليها الا بعد عناء وجهد كبيرين. اما المنهج الذي اعتمدته في دراستي فهو المنهج التحليلي الذي يعتمد على تحليل النصوص وابراز ما فيها من جودة وجمالية، فضلا عن المنهج التاريخي والنفسي لما لهما من اثر في اظهار فنية الشاعر. وقد اشتملت الدراسة على اربعة فصول مسبوقة بمقدمة وتمهيد ومنتهية بخاتمة تضمنت اهم ما توصلت اليه من نتائج وقائمة بمصادر البحث ومراجعه. اختص التمهيد ببيان مفهوم الجدل لغة واصطلاحا واراء الفلاسفة والكتاب فيه فضلا عن تعقب تطور الجدل في العصور الادبية. وبين ايضا مفهوم العام والخاص لغة واصطلاحا واراء الفلاسفة والنقاد فيه، مردوفا بتاسيس نظري جمالي لمفهوم العام والخاص. اما الفصل الاول فكان بعنوان (العام والخاص في الموضوع الوطني في شعر رشدي العامل) وقد ضم توطئة بينت فيها نبذة عن الوطن ومفهومه وكيف تطور عبر العصور وكيف كان يطلق عليه قديما. وقد ضم ثلاثة مباحث، الاول : الثورة، والثاني : الغربة، والثالث : السجن والظلم. وجاء الفصل الثاني بعنوان (العام والخاص في رومانسية رشدي العامل الشعرية) وتضمن ثلاثة مباحث، الاول : الحزن في شعره، والثاني : الحب، والثالث : الطبيعة.وكان الفصل الثالث بعنوان (العام والخاص في حضور المراة في شعر رشدي العامل) وقد اشتمل على مبحثين : المبحث الاول : المراة الحقيقية ضمن ثلاثة محاور : ا - المراة الزوجة.ب - المراة الام.ج - المراة الحبيبة. والثاني تناولت فيه المراة الرمز. اما الفصل الرابع والاخير فكان بعنوان (العام والخاص في توظيف التراث في شعر رشدي العامل) وقد اشتمل على توطئة بينت فيها مفهوم التراث وماهيته عند الشعراء، ومن ثم قسمته الى ثلاثة مباحث، كان الاول بعنوان (مرجعية التراث الديني)، وتضمن كل ما له علاقة بالدين من مثل القران الكريم والحديث النبوي الشريف واهل البيت (عليهم السلام) والصحابة، والمبحث الثاني فكان بعنوان (مرجعية التراث الاسطوري)، اما الثالث فكان بعنوان (مرجعية التراث الادبي). ولا ادع قلمي يفارق يدي حتى اذكر باعتزاز كبير استاذي المشرف الاستاذ الدكتور علي ابراهيم محمد الذي قوم بدقته وملاحظاته هذا العمل، باذلا في سبيل ذلك وقتا وجهدا طيبين، فاسال الله ان يجزيه عني افضل الجزاء.واخر دعوانا ان الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على النبي الهادي الامين واله الطاهرين | Each historical stage and era has its own cultural discourse which suits its proposals, cognitive tools which cope with its bets and achievements, and logic which suits its orientations. A good proof of this established eternal fact that is deeply rooted in the human mental frame is examining the innovative texts by using new philosophical ideas and modern literary criticism tools which prevail our culture.Development, modernization and renewal are characteristics of life in all its aspects and fields. Thus, all the aspects of life, whether material or morale, are subject to this eternal inevitability and are governed by this omnipotent logic. Therefore, the inquest of innovative texts by using modern philosophical ideas and criticism tools has become an urgent need and necessity which neither represents one of the forms of inevitability that no one can escape its fangs and grip nor avoid its dominion.Depending on what has been mentioned earlier, the researcher's choice of the philosophical (the Argument of the General the Specific) is not a kind of cultural splendor. Instead, this choice has been motivated by the new life or reality in all its bets, the necessity of the serious treatment of its needs, and conscious response to its demands in an attempt to cope with the wheel of development in the field of scientific research which necessitates the modernization of our cultural and cognitive systems to match our new pursuits.Rushdi AL - Amel is one of the poets of the fifties who are contemporary to two generations of poets : the generation of the pioneers and the generation of the sixties. This has given him wide education and great interest in poetry. However, unlike the pioneers and the following generations, AL - Amwl has remained unknown and the lights have not been shed on him. For this reason, some critics call AL - Amel and other poets like Sa'diYousuf, Hussein Marwan, Yousuf Al - Sa'gh, Mahmoud Braykan and others "the lost generation." It is this loss that makes the researcher follow Al - Amel's poetry to shed light on it and highlight its beauty. In brief, the reason behind choosing this topic is that researchers, the cultured and even the specialists do not know Rushdi AL - Amel. In fact, researcher himself didn't know about AL - Amel before suggesting the topic by Prof. Dr. Ali Ibraheem and Prof. Dr. HasanDakheel Al - Ta'i. As for which is based on analyzing texts in addition to the historical and psychological method which are necessary for showing the techniques used by the poet.The study has been divided into four chapters preceded by a preface and introduction and ended by the conclusions.In the preface, the researcher explains the linguistic and technical meanings of the concept of argumentation, and follows the development of argument in literature. In addition to this, the linguistic and technical meanings of the concepts of the general and the particular, the opinions of philosophers and critics have also been tackled. The first chapter is entitled (The General and the particular in the topic in Rushdi AL - Amel's poetry) includes a preamble and three sections : the first is specified to the Revolution in AL - Amel's poetry; the second is about alienation while the third is about imprisonment in Rushdi's poetry.The second chapter is entitled (The General and the Particular in Rushdi AL - Amel's Romantic Poetry). It includes three sections. The first is about sadness, the second is about love while the third is about the nature. The third chapter which is entitled (the General and the particular in the presence of the woman in Rushdi AL - Amel's Poetry) is divided into two sections : the first section is about the true woman and it includes three axes : a. the wife b. the mother c. the beloved. On the other hand, the second section is concerned with the symbol of the woman.As far as the last chapter is concerned, it is entitled (the General and the Particular in the Employment of the Heritage in Rushdi AL - Amel's Poetry). It is composed of three sections : the first is about religious heritage, the second section is concerned with the legendary heritage while the last deals with the literary heritage.Finally, the study has come up with the following findings : 1. Argument is the dispute between two issues so that each person tries to defend the issue which he or she adopts by strong evidence.2. In the era of evolution, the argument has disappeared and the word (logic) has been used instead of it. But philosopher Kent has brought it to life again with an additional meaning.3. The general and the Particular are present in every phenomenon and they are strongly related to each other to the extent that the general cannot be known without studying a large number of particular instances.4. Rushdi AL - Amel is one of the poets who love their country very much because of the injustice and the oppression which he has been subject to.5. Most of poetry which deals with alienation is concerned with internal alienation which governs the general external.6. The poet's experiment in prison has given him poetic richness and provided him with a chance of meditation and mental motivation.7. AL - Amel's romantic is near to realism and pun at the same time.8. Love in AL - Amel's poetry is not for the beloved. It is symbolic love for the country and childhood. It is spiritual love and not physical.9. It is found that the poet's relation with the "wife" woman is personal and not general.10. The "beloved" woman has been given greater attention in Rushdi AL - Amel's poetry than the other aspects. 11. Rushdi AL - Amel tries earnestly to make use of the poetic heritage from different generations, as well as making use of western poetry.12. It is found that AL - Amel has drawn from others and tried to modulate what he draws to serve the context of his own ideas

اخبار ابي تمام واخبار البحتري لابي بكر الصولي ت335هـ : دراسة تداولية == Abu Tamam’s and Al - Bahtari’s events by Abu Bakr Al - Suli,335 AH. A pragmatics study

Author name: رحيم جبر حسون
Supervisor name: يحيى حسن خضير
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The pragmatic approach is the best method for all studies concerned with the communicative way, because it does not care about the formal or constructive study of the discourse, but rather examines all the aspects and circumstances that accompanied the appearance of such a discourse, for reading a systematic reading that surrounds everything related to the composition of discourse. As the speech is not limited to study the language itself and for itself, but taught the language two levels : 1 - Apparent level : It is related to the words and structures.2 - The hidden level : the state of psychological, social and cognitive ...., and from both levels consist (strategy) of the speaker, addresser and text.A - The speaker : It refers to what is expressed by words and structures to convey his intention, which is called (implicature)B - To addresser : because of the strategy of interpretation and explanation, to know the intended speaker (implicature)C - Text : Including the ideologies that contribute to the change of the situation. In these three strategies, the concept of "power" is created. This concept can only be achieved if the parties to the communicative process (the speaker and the communicator) share the common information and knowledge, The eloquence of (epistemological) references should be well - known for (the speaker and the communicator), so that they don’t fall into the illusion.This research (Abu Tamam’s and Al - Bahtari’s events by Abu Bakr Al - Suli,335 AH. A pragmatics study) consists of three chapters : • Chapter One : (argument) and it includes (intention of argument, the relations of argument and witnesses of argument)• Chapter Two : (the conversational implicatures, cooperative principles the principle and its relation to politeness - Presupposition and intention - Signs.)• Chapter Three : (the research as a literary genre, Speech acts, linguistic methods).

اثر شعر عنترة بن شداد في شعر المتنبي : دراسة تاريخية في الرؤية والتشكيل == The effect of the poetry of Antara bin Shaddad in the poetry of Mutanabi A study of consistency in vision and formation

Author name: سعدون خلف عزر
Supervisor name: عبد الحسن علي مهلهل
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Mutanabb's poetry in vision and composition , the research came out with the following points : 1) Some of the text that influenced by Al - Mutanabbi invested them in more than a position as a foucs illuminated because of their effect on the part , to another one , so as to install them in mind due to the twin of his anticipation and wished on updating them.These updating texts are a try to achieve the goals through which .2) Al - Mutanabbi had deepen his vision in amplifying The Egoism (Al - Ana),whether the poetior the praised's Egoism(Al - Ana) influenced by Antra Ben shaddad's Egoism.This Egoism tra can be transcended the cuttent reality through the legendary as it was not a mirror to reflect the reality and transfer only ,but suggests another reality.As it wasn't easy to great and propose a new reality, he had amplified (Al - Ana) the Egoism for a legendary or semi - legendary hero to fit his goals and means of achieving them .3)Death and acknowledgment of its inevitability come as objectively equivalent to victory and challenge ,as death is one in battle or on the bed . Hence, the poet started defying , drawing the features of the hero who iskilled in a battle and gives all the values of masculinity in it. His speech in this regard is provocative in order to fight in order to fight injustice and his rejection of submission in all its forms , especially since the Abbasid state weakened till its weakness appeared in its division into states .4) Al - Mutanabbi believes that the belonging to the family or to the tribe doesn't get up to the sword and spear , so as to be clearly similar to Antra in this field .Stressing that weapons of fighting is the true descent of man and be has invested Antra's hybrid vision.The essence of man is his actions not his figure. And then he deepened the belonging to the Arabs to face the foreign invasion to be a comprehensive speech in the incitement to fight.5) The similarity of Al - Mutanabbi with Antra appears in the formation poetic where, I studied the text for both of two poets separately without paying attention or reference which relate the two poets according to mix the vocabularies of love and spinning which made the rhythm of everyone not stable , then to form a legendary picture to face a fact that can't be got rid of unless by the picture , in which Al - Mutanabbi had shown such a picture of a fighter's ethical and features. That hero who smils in spite of the death which surrounds him and it is a replica of the influential picture .6) The similarity of Al - Mutanabbi with Antra Ben shaddad in in pithiness filed can be come in two observation, first for supporting his text objectively through protesting to emphasize his vision and second Artistically according to eudden technics to arouse the studier , and thestudier's arousing might be in investing vocabularies and styles of amazing beauty. So Al - Mutanabbi renews the effective text to suit his anticipations in that field.7) The similarity of Antra's with Al - Mutanabbi's text's one more wrathful them general ones. He tended to intensive his text or a poem or a comprehensive vision from Antra's , and summarized it in one or two verses . This comes from his ability of creative from one side and to secret from other side , because he lived a criticized moments which regarded the similarity as a theft at the time. The process of short hand helps him to make the secret.What in indicates to the successful of the poet is that the ancient studies which is countoured with thefts and the modern that is contoured with similarity , didn't see his similarity with Antra Ben shaddad either in one or two verse which took from the postdated to the previous .8) It seems that Al - Mutanabbi has a criticism vision with profile deliberative. He chose the effective text to show for the reader that Al - Mutanabbi is the effective himself and Antra is the influenced. He realized that the content of the text is preexisted in language and meaning .

صورة الكواكب والنجوم في الشعر الاندلسي عهدي الطوائف والمرابطين == The image of planets and stars in the Andalusian literature Trendy sects and Almoraben

Author name: عبير حسن مكحول العبادي
Supervisor name: حسين مجيد رستم الحصونة
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

صورة المراة الجنوبية في روايات شوقي كريم حسن == Image of Southern Woman In The novels of Shawki Karim Hassan

Author name: كفاح حسين عبد الله
Supervisor name: مصطفى لطيف عارف الحسيني
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

خطاب الامام الرضا (عليه السلام) : دراسة في الاقناع == Al - Imam Al - Ridha's Speech : A Study in Persuasion

Author name: حسين جويد منخي
Supervisor name: حامد علي غيلان
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

بنية القصيدة في شعر قيس لفتة مراد : دراسة تحليلية == The structure of poem in Qais lefta Murads Poetry Analytical study

Author name: رياض ماجد مفتن
Supervisor name: علي حسين جلود الزيدي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The poetry entered into the lives of most people and dominated their various aspects. Anis became their unity and obsession that they could not tolerate or abandon under any circumstances and throughout the generations in the history of human civilization. Poetry was the world of the soul, the teacher of inspiration and the focus of human groups. Poetry poetry and the poet to be the best messenger to perform his mission. From here the building of the poem was the most prominent window to raise the awareness of the apparent and the inner and to get the emotion by discovering the texts, which in turn reveal the worlds of the poet and stand on the degree of poetical, as it is - the construction of the poem - a cornerstone of the pillars of poetic work, and through this construction closes the curtain to reveal the secrets of beauty with Every attempt to probe the texts of these texts and their content of emotional or symbolic language, the parts through which the text, including the intertwined and continue to achieve the unity of the poem and named them to the top, along with poetic poetic work. The study uses the analytical method, as well as the use of many procedural tools, to detect the poetry of the text or effectiveness, depending on different approaches in order to integrate the image of monetary research. Our study of the poet does not seek to advance procedural laws, that is, to confront the literary text with preconceived notions or to formulate it within the limits of a narrow theory, as we made the text a start or a specific pathway, which is a mechanism for studying with it. The researcher has faced many problems, the most serious of which is the absence of specialized studies on the production of the ***************************************************** C poet. We have only observed some articles that do not exceed two articles on the Internet. The authors of these two articles were not presented in systematic form or rather these studies were not in the process of monetary equivalent, The most important of his poetic texts were in a raging conflict with the neglect, exclusion and absence that the poet faced throughout his life. This letter is the first of its kind in terms of the poetry of Qais Left Murad and his study Ademia, as well as the difficulty of obtaining Diwan (songs Hallaj) only after great suffering and effort upright, the fact that this Court represents an important turning point in the life of the hair measured gesture Murad mystic and philosophical. The basic sources adopted by the research are the writings of the poet Qais Lefta Murad, and the book of aesthetics of contemporary poetry. Taha Wadi, and the levels of poetic construction at the time of Muhammad Ibrahim Abu - Sunnah d. Shukri al - Tawansi, and the construction of the poem in the ancient Arab criticism (in the light of modern criticism) d. As well as the letters and explanations that dealt with the subject of the structure before, as well as rely on many of the sources called by the research to add to the texts of halo of beauty and to be the starting point of the researcher along the research and its various paths, and citing the views of adults academic critics and others to fill the gaps in research , And to move the other messages after these sources of priorities of researchers, Vtnh as factors to support the results of the conclusions of this study and the formulation of the c Introduction : The importance of the subject and the significance behind the study of the poet, the methodology used, and the sources that were helpful for the views expressed by the researcher supported, as well as the problems presented to the research.omprehensive language of the word. The preface includes the translation of the poet Qais Lefta Murad and his life and literary beginnings and highlighting the migration from his city to Baghdad reinforced by the statements of those close ***************************************************** D to him and these words found scattered between the sources of resources that dealt with Nasiriyah from a historical point of view rather than literature on the one hand, on the other hand, (Structure) and we knew in the language and terminology. The first chapter deals with the external construction in the poetry of Qais Lefta Murad divided into three sections. The first topic dealt with the title : The title we took from it is a new structural landmark that joins the series of features that constitute the external construction of each poetry text. And the poet has the obligation to be a solid text subject to the beauty of the texts and the delinquency to the heart of the reader and what is accustomed to ears and eyes, and sensing in a manner appropriate to the size of the hair and its high position, the third topic : it came to include (cut poetry) Every aspect of the hair in the hair Qais gesture Murad. In the second chapter, the internal structure consists of three sections dealing with the first topic (drama structure) as it expresses the universal character of the poet and his integration into the society and addressing his issues and attention to them as an integral part of the universe. Here is the integration between self - awareness and collective awareness. The symbol is a phenomenon that abounds in the poetry of Qais Lefta Murad despite the directness that prevails in most of his texts, but he refers to it and tries to prove to the reader that there are things that he can not reveal and the reader to examine these texts and find out what is behind them. Arusah briefing, as well as the definition of the personalities referred to or directly, including the texts of poetry. The fourth chapter is the rhythmic structure. It consists of two sections dealing with the first subject : the outer rhythm and weight guarantee. We presented the percentage of the weights according to their use by the poet and we adopted the percentages in the statement of the poet's use of these weights starting with the most common ***************************************************** E weight and ending with the least common in his poetry. And the effect of this on the psyche's psyche. We have found the rhyme with the most common rhymes in his poems based on the percentages as well. The second section is devoted to the internal music (Repetition, rotation, response of miracles on the breasts) supported by the poetic evidence that attests to its presence and intensity in the poetry of Qais Left Murad, and carried out by these musical phenomena in the performance of meaning, but there is manipulation in the process of study "Repetition" classical style of the usual (character, or word or sentence), as we studied in accordance with an updated method linked directly to the meaning of the study will show more when reaching it. We can not note that the researcher in some of the citizens of the letter was not parallel between the chapters and the length of the study, because the study does not depend on some things on the length or short, there may be a wide topic for many pages or requires the researcher to lengthen to show his goals, Few pages are sufficient to be in the final form, and then they do not have to be extended and divergent in matters far from the field of study. The researcher also repeated some texts in different places of the letter, to the clarity of the position of the witness more than others. This study coincides with what can be accompanied by each study of shortness, and bear what can be borne by each study of objections, especially in the first way, we follow the previous studies with extreme caution stand in the most important, we make it a lighthouse to guide him in public to finally reach something we think of this Nima from God, and if we sin, we are human beings and infallibility are always disobedient to the human soul, especially in this field, the literature accepts all the possibilities and the text imbued with multiple readings, but I tried and saved my best in it.

بنية الخبر في كتاب (عيون اخبار الرضا) للشيخ الصدوق (ت : 381هـ) == Structure of news in the book "Euyun Ahkbar AL - Ridha" by Sheikh AL - Sadooq(381 A.H.)

Author name: اسيل سالم كاظم
Supervisor name: عبد الحسين عبد الرضا العمري
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: بعد، تتحدد ماهية البحث في سعيه لدراسة كتاب (عيون اخبار الرضا)، الذي وضعه ابو جعفر محمد الصدوق، وهو من علماء الشيعة في القرن الرابع الهجري، ويمثل كتابه هذا من كتب الاخبار الاساسية لدى الشيعة، وتاتي اهمية البحث من رغبة الباحثة في معرفة بناء الاخبار في هذا الكتاب، وطبيعة موضوعاته، وقد كانت تقف وراء هذه الرغبة اسباب اخرى، في الكشف عن مكونات بنائه، والمنطق الداخلي لنصوصه السردية، والقبليات المتحكمة في توجيهها، وثاني الاسباب ان اخبار الكتاب تجمع ما بين الاخبار الدينية والتاريخية وقد قيلت باللغة الفنية في اغلبها، فكانت ذات صياغة بلاغية؛ وذلك انها استعارت التخييل والمجاز في الكتابة، وهذا احد المسوغات المهمة .وفي حدود علم الباحثة لا توجد دراسة او بحث خصص لدراسة الكتاب سرديا، او بحث مكونات البنية السردية فيه، ولان البنية السردية تبحث في المكونات الثلاثة : الراوي، المروي، المروي له، وما يلحق بهذه المكونات الاساسية، فان المنهج الذي اعتمد عليه البحث هو منهج يهتدي الى ما قدمته الدراسات السردية الحديثة من ابحاث مهمة، ان الابحاث التي قدمها تزفيطان تودوروف وجيرار جينيت وجيرالد برانس هي المرتكز الاساس في البحث، وكذلك ما قدمه عبد الله ابراهيم في دراسة السرد العربي.يتكون البحث من تمهيد ومقدمة وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة، اما التمهيد فقد عرضنا فيه لعدد من المفاهيم الاساسية التي يعتمد عليها البحث مثل المتن الحكائي والمبنى الحكائي .اما الفصول فقد تكون كل فصل من ثلاثة مباحث استوعبت موضوعاتها ، ففي الفصل الاول تكلمت على التفاعلات النصية واثرها في كشف بنية النص، وفهم ما غمض منه، وما احتاج الى تاويل، مثل العنوانات والتداخل النصي بين نصوص الكتاب والنصوص السابقة عليه مثل القران الكريم والشعر.وفي الفصل الثاني درست الراوي والمروي له، وبدات بالسند بوصفه مجموعة من الرواة والمروي لهم في الوقت نفسه، والطريق الذي اوصل الينا هذه الاخبار، ثم جاء الكلام عن الراوي ووظائفه في المبحث الثاني، وفي المبحث الثالث وقفت عند المروي له ووظائفه.وفي الفصل الثالث افردت له (بناء الحدث)؛ لاهميته واتساعه، وقد خصصنا المبحث الاول للشخصية بوصفها عنصرا حيويا داخل البنية السردية، ولا يستغني عنها السرد، ثم خصصنا المبحث الثاني لـ (بنية الخبر)، الذي قسمناه على (بنية الخبر البسيطة)، و(بنية الخبر المركبة) فهناك اخبار ذات بنية بسيطة في احداثها، وشخصياتها، وهناك بنية تنشا على الجمع بين هذه البنيات البسيطة او التضمين فتكون لدينا بنية مركبة، ثم المبحث الاخير من هذا الفصل جاء للفصل بين الخبر الواقعي والخبر التخييلي بوصفهما انماط الخبر في عملية ارسال المروي، وعملية التلقي وما يصحبها من توقعات وافاق الفهم. واخيرا لابد من تقديم كل الشكر والعرفان الى المشرف الاستاذ الدكتور عبد الحسين عبد الرضا العمري، فله الفضل في اقتراح الموضوع، ثم له الفضل مرة اخرى، فقد وقف بجانبي طوال ايام البحث، وكان يقوي من همتي وتفكيري، ويوسع من افاقي نحو الافضل، كذلك اقدم شكري لاساتذة قسم اللغة العربية, كلية الاداب / جامعة ذي قار، وشكري لكل من وقف بجانبي، مع وفائي لاساتذتي وكليتي التي فتحت ابوابها لكل ما ابحث عنه في المعرفة والحمد لله اولا | The thesis looks for in the study the book ''Euyun Akhbar AL - Ridha''.The writer of book is ''Abu Jaafer Sadooq''who is the one from scientists of AL - shayehe in the fourth century (A.H.).The book represents the basic news of AL - shayehe. The importance of research is the researcher's desire to know the structure of news and the subject of book. There are many reasons to study this book : the researchers don't care about the contents of book. The news of book collect between the religious news and the historical news that described in technical way. The thesis includes of introduction , preface, three chapters and conclusion. Also, every chapter includes of three sections. The first chapter includes the reaction of texts, their effect in the structure of text and understanding the text. Everything needs to interpretation between the texts of book and previous texts like the Holy Quran and poetry. The second chapter comprises the narrator and the listener. So, it explains ''AL - ssund'' which means the groups of narrators and the listeners. Also, it includes the functions of the narrator and the listener. At the end, the third chapter comprises the constructing of event of news and the personality of news . It includes the types of structure news. They are divided into the simple structure of news and the complex structure of news

الاتجاه الاجتماعي في النقد العربي القديم : دراسة تحليلة == The Social Trend in the Ancient Arab Critical Discourse

Author name: هديل قديم جري
Supervisor name: عباس جخيور سدخان الوائلي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: In poison of Allah Al - Rahman aalrHymaalHmd llh the raising sky wear of intention, fastener of the land in stake, on where height rises, liked where all breath resorts and trivial, does not know him her the hearts in assumption, his insight followed her the eyes in glancing, all statement rose about refuted, waaHtjb about all recklessness and cash.The prayer and the peace on source of the flags and the arbitrator, and return aalxlaay'q and the nations, her kindness the favor, and the informed flag, gentleman Arabic waale'jm, Mohammed Bin Abdullah is messenger represents me, and evidence from Allah executor, ibex of the suns the horoscope, and the illuminative moons, aalttaaabe'yn in sect gentleman of the character, his the publishers for debt followed his family and his friends benevolent from cobra and fasted wllh witnessed.After.Perhaps the statement : Indeed all what the human exports from social statement yjaanb the correctness, followed ye'aaks aalmHjt, so the human being says sentenced reveals you the society and their verb, his effect in circumstance and his submissions of facial paralyses, and what that to mSdaaq for truth for as long as her believer felt and horses weak that the human social being originally normalized him, delivers, and grows, and salutes in light of society, evaluates in him with family froze him, and children financed him the approach portrayed from social various, so different beatings from the interaction straighten in with them, divides w'iyaahm their share from the life, on relationships from the cooperation reconciled once, and the fight is last once, different in disagreement social domains of Al - Hayat numerous, religious and political and artistic also, so the art clarified mSdaaq for the social human, and straight excuse thereon, mouth hairy to image For the society who dismisses in him, and e'aaksCmirror his of circumstances and his situations, and civilization hairy 'inmaa structure on basis from says him and last basis from the statement in him, shown opinions refuges of the correctness and last shown refuges of the multiple and wrong, so if the hair was social, so his cash is likewise also, so there social in the speeches hairy and the cash also, from here idea of the letter came, to brands on after that entitled (the social direction in the money letter old.So to the Arabic cash acquired in many from studious which aamaaTt aallthaam about a lot of the monetary sides which gathered in her raved the inherited cash, who important distances for Arabic nature Al - Hayat discover and ways lived her and her culture, disassemblies of mirror reverses some truths aalmDmrt which already does not request her the passing recipient in the reading, to ends reading requires mtme'nt examiner to Arabic builder Al - Hayat establishes and her culture which designating sides sanctify blessing valuable and the concepts which guarantees in her Arabic and be proud in her wytwaarthhaa the Arab across the centuries, then Al - Hayat was social upright on nervous, and the type, and the ethnic affiliation and the glory in the ratios and the clean blood and the white color the uncles from liabilities the mixture with separation the last people, and hence then abundance for him raved distinguished his the social identity and the standing and the occurrence on the protection about road of affiliation for this nervous, As opposed to her loss so pulls from him this identity and indeed the vagrancy and the ritual consecrations from her protection will be destiny from rebels on her and her laws underestimate in, for that this composition and the laws whether ethnic values were moral mother of assimilation deterring first for the human Arabic for the prevention without spreading of the fsq waalfjwr in the society, because the importance which acquired in her the social laws assimilation date of the affiliation who results him the individual from her , weak including on look Arabic and their thought and their fanaticism to the bases divideDwhich the constitution idealizes first enemy committed to her and upright on accomplishment her, and in this so indeed the stop astride aalmskwt about him in the cash waalmxbw' from impact working social on a lot of the monetary arbitrators which inheriting her the ignorant critics from the era is navel while after him from the eras so assimilation of holy became be necessary aalaaHtdhaa' in him, weak dominant on operation receiving some The money letters, and that in returning some her in intellectual control the inclination and the scholastic affiliation in him.wwqd idea of the searching required division of the letter to three chapters, precedes her our facilitating of taking in him , the problematic term and the understandable speech monetary , and her hill is included end to worries what reached to him the letter from results.The chapter first address in (the class society ) and four topics came in, apparent reasons class in the Arabic society stand on, and her impact in course deviation the cash about the objectivity, produced her the color, and the lineage , and the profession , and the social standing.As for the chapter second losing cares in (the moral society Arabic and favored her on the cash so joining of four topics : The topic first : The flirtation in viewed the cash 'alaajtmaae'y , and the topic second : The satire in viewed the third cash social , and the topic : The truthfulness and the lie in social , viewed the cash and fourth : aaltksb in social viewed the cash, then the criteria were which dealt from during her with this directions self of importance big on tasting the critic and his wisdoms his arbitrator on the hairy purpose.The chapter came third entitled ( customs and traditions gathered ) then nature required studious his division to topics, first of them image aalmmdwH aalaanmwdhjyt heritable, as for second so social taking of image the woman between the reality waalaanmwdhj hairy.EStudies on the method depended in analytic integral who includes many from the methods aaltHlylt social blessing and my breath and cultural.Sources of the searching and his varied returns between old , towards book the songs , and the hair and hairy , and virility hairy , and indentical so around hairy waalmwshH and the chief and changes her , and modern which aatk'at on her in evidence directions of sight of some researchers and their monetary , opinions from her : Book date of the Arabic cash old for the doctor Taha Ahmed Ibrahim and hairy aalSe'aalyk in the era ignorant for the doctor Yousef xlyf , and book of the orders cultural for the doctor Abdullah aalGdhaamy and changes her from the books which reported from her in studies.Nevertheless the work raved the difficulties do not breach from; Because of accurate nature the research and the deep sight to social given of the direction across attempts his evidence and his consolidation in the monetary opinions.To is smooth Allah on us in who helper is for me on accomplishment the work raved, so the thanks all thanks for mn hand of the aid extended for me, special their professorial blessing in the male the professor the helpful doctor grim jxywr aalwaay'ly, losing was eye on the searching saahrt, refines, and revises, and arranges, corroded the searching in substance straighten up his, so his role idealizes in her the letter on all minutes, method, and scientific substance, his wonderful favor about effort in choice the term and the arrangement left.Sleeve relative to the male of grateful all 'al'astaadh Mohammed light of Yousef, losing was aid for me in what took him Allah cut the all welfare of the retribution meant.The seal fulfilled ... Works do not call in raved aalkmaal, so he llh unifies him, according to hit while Hrrarth in him that I potentialbleacher exerted, service for language Arabic and gathered and the scientific research, so indeed hit while hit, so your lowness by virtue of Allah, and indeed was second so sustained, and praise be to praise be to God of god of the scientists firstly and last.

الحاكمية في فكر الامام علي (عليه السلام) : دراسة في ضوء الانساق الثقافية == MAGISTRACY IN THE THOUGHT OF IMAM ALI (AS) IN THE LIGHT OF THE CULTURAL PATTERNS

Author name: عبد الامير دلي مجباس الزيدي
Supervisor name: وليد شاكر نعاس الرفاعي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:
Abstract: MAGISTRACY IN THE THOUGHT OF IMAM ALI (AS)Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon the master of the messengers and his purified progeny and companions .Magistracy or assuming power has been one of the topics that attracted the attention of man throughout ages and it has been the focus of his thought and most engaging concern because of what this issue has been characterizedwith as regards its being the source of the misery or welfar and happiness of the society ; hence it has been realistic and a living matter or affair which is inevitable and unavoidable. Chapter two is entitled "manifestations of the magistrate" in which the researcher dealt with, in a critical study, important issues in the Islamic history such as allegiance in addition to practicing the magistrate by Imam Ali(AS) and those who preceded him as well as those who came after him.Chapter three carries the title ' patterns of conformity and differences" in which the researcher dealt with the extent of the conformity of the magistrate practices with the Islamic revivalistic constructive project within the historical, patrimonial and juristic patterns of Imam Ali (AS) and other rulers.A conclusion has been annexed to the research in which most of the findings and general and specific outlines have been included in addition to a comprehensive bibliography of sources and references.The conclusion of our prayer will be : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds! These steps have been accompanied by a series of difficulties distributed between the topic difficulty and the abundance of the scientific material which the thesis haswithin this framework.The structure of the research required that it contain(s) a preface and three chapters followed by a conclusion . The preface has been devoted to highlighting the broad concepts of magistrate and cultural criticism .The chapters have been as follows : The title of chapter one is " scope of identity" in which the researcher has dealt with the nature of the pre - Islam Arab incubator socially, religiously and economically. Later on the well - known changes took place on the Arab field after the advent of IslaDespite the difference in people's thought , religion, culture and the discrepancy of their languages, magistrate remained an obsession irking those who incline towards it and sacrifice everything to have it in his command and to sit on its throne.So it is conspicuous that the study of this topic is of great significance especially in an era or epoch which represented the first dose for that age : an age in which the flame of assuming power glowed , specifically in the thought of a man whose period of governance was full of hidden patterns or formats not yet revealed neither by history books nor ancient critical studies.In this person , practicing magistrate varied according to philanthropy, religious culture , knowledge of the basics of religion and the extent of consistency with what religious law2 and custom through the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his purified progeny).

شروح بردة البوصيري في الدرس الادب القديم حتى نهاية القرن الثالث عشر الهجري

Author name: عقيل عبد الحسن جبر الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: ياسر علي عبد سلمان الخالدي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:
Abstract: Burd s explanations represent the flower of literary production throughout the ages because of the rare literay news linguistic rhetorical and critical contents and the meanings of the meanings of the poem the poem contains high - level literary profiles characterized by its classification and each according to its orientation and do ctriue whether linguistic or literary or Sophia has been formulated by us a wonderful art from and easy to understand and to acquire meanings arranged alogical arrangement easy to the recipient after viewing annotions printed and compositions vision for directions statement of their efforts to cashin this regard divided the study to boot and three chapters unprecedented an interoduction to ensure the boot life al bosairy and his poem albordatalked about the circumstances which was born in which the poem and its importance at critics also ensures boot explicits of the borda best known their order time also ensures agreat annotations any reasons called explicits to explain the poem albordaDiscussed in the first chapter direction language in three sections were section I recently about oriented grammar which included the efforts of explicits grammatical section ll was recently about oriented morphological guarantee the correction explicits and their impact on alborda as for section lll talked in it for oriented semantic because examined in this section contents read that referred explicits and its effect in construction of the poem And chapter2 themed direction the include three investigation of the first of meanings studies the meanings rhetorical which goes out to the question and meanings that goes out to appeal and meanings rhetorical which goes out topray for deletion as for section 2 was informed the statement because examined the analogy in ......... section 3 talked about science budaiya as guarantee the most prominent methods … received the poem that referred… then came the third chapter entitled direction cash and ensures three sections I was on the construction of the poem as contents of the beginning and good getrid conclusion of the poem as it is anovelpillar of the basicbused upon …. In section 3 tallked about the issues of cash other studied the phenomena of music and quotation …. The introduction and conclusion included the most prominent findings of this study ,and proven tributaries

الاخر في شعر ابن هانئ الاندلسي == The Other in the Poetry of Ibn Hani' Al - Andalusi

Author name: حسن هادي منشد
Supervisor name: ستار جبار رزيج
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:
Abstract: The topic of my thesis (The Other in the Poetry of Ibn Hani' Al - Andalusi(died 362A.H)) which is one of the topics that emerged as a result of the evolution of life and its expansion . The subject of the other which is prominent these days is the most widely researched among scholars . After the expansion of the Arab ego , it began to aspire to the non - Arab other. Comparisons have been conducted between this ego and the other especially the Roman and the Persian ones.The term , therefore, has emerged as a relative changing concept; its connotations were varied : it denoted all that which was different from the self such as man in contrast to woman, Arab in contrast to non - Arab and the slave in contrast to the master.This study has dealt with the other in the poetry of Ibn Hani' Al - Andalusi. The latter has addressed the other whether hostile or friendly, agreeing or differing with that other. The image of the other has , therefore, been coloured according to the multiplicity of colours of the life of the poet who touched upon the manifestations of the hostile other since the very beginning of one's life as represented by the Omayyad other ; consequently , his sect and religious belief lead him to clash even further . He has faced the Abbasside and Persian other. It was not only this : the poet formed an image for the other different from the hostile image which is the image of the other compatible with his ego or self . The poet has crowned all this with various meanings the most conspicuous of which were the praised other , the woman and the lamented other .The poet did not stop at this point ; rather he tried to form an image for the other through his self because the cultural heritage stored by his self and which was the best aid for him in highlighting the image of the other through the technique of symbolization and mythology which have been employed to uphold the image of the praised. These mythological symbols have represented the other for the poet's self.The research have arrived at the following conclusions : 1. The images of the other in the poetry of Ibn Hani' Al - Andalusi were varied in their being human and non - human and this other may agree or disagree with the self because the self composing poetry has varied as regards acceptance and rejection and reflected the psychological aspects as represented by the ego of the poet.2. The image of the praised other has occupied a wide space of the poets product and this image has carried meanings with numerous forms which became apparent in describing the other/ the praised through epithets revealing the poet's admiration of this other and in which the other embraced the self on the one hand and a close contact and solidarity between the characteristics of the other/ the praised and its religious sect on the other. Therefore, the ego and the other the praised representing the religious faith became compatible .3. The poet depicted one of the levels of the other compatible with the ego and that depiction was the woman in contrast to man . This woman was not separated from him (the man) and the concentrations of the loved woman the other was predominant in his poems whether in his introductions or within his poems and may be a felt reality or imagination . The other depiction was of the mother as in his lamenting of J'afar's and Yahya's mother and it seemed it was an influencing factor in the ego of the poet because he saw in her the mother of which the poet was deprived throughout .4. The research has concluded that the other , the lamented has been represented by the poet through Imam Hussein( peace be upon him) : an expositions which had a dimension for the individual and the Shi'a collective ego because he has depicted the dimension of the Omayyad hostility for the Shi'a aspect of self through depicting Karbala calamity which carried a positive landmark or fingerprintsss in the poet's product , thus it was an expression of the ego or the self
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