Author name:
حيدر كريم هادي الشمري
Supervisor name:
علي محمد حسين الخالدي
University location:
Najaf
Abstract:
Al - Atheer (637 A.H.) The study reached many results which can be summarized as follows : Important critical issues attained great attention of bin Jinni, he was not confined to the theoretical aspect only, rather he dealt with the applied analytic aspect. In roost of these issues, his viewpoints were artistic.No less degree of interest was linguistic criticism also, he was not confined to the theoretical aspect, but dealt with the applied aspect, especially his opinions in linguistic criticism of word and structure. As for his rhetorical criticism, it is pretty good, though it is ambiguous in many places and had to be justified. In some other places, it was artistic, in which he depended on the Arab uses of eloquent art and rhetorical style as a critical criterion through which quality of poetry can be measured.The fourth chapter concluded that bin Jinni was one of the critics who are known of various critical methods. He was not confined to one specific method, and this refers to his ability and wide breadth in criticism. While the fifth chapter revealed that he is one of the critics who left great effect on the Arabic criticism, especially on the most outstanding critical movement in the history of the Arabic criticism, of which those aroused against Al - Mutanabbi. This is revealed through his explanation of his poetry, and his affection by three great figures of Arabic criticism who took from his researches, affected by his opinions, and make use of him in their critical discourse Ibn Jinni is one of the scholars who are known of wide knowledge in the Arabic language and its different sciences such as grammar, morphology, phonetics, dialects..... so on.In addition, he was writer, explainer and critic of poetry, especially that of al - Mutanabbi who has close relation with him. He explained his divan twice : the first, which is the greatest, is called "al - Fasr", and the second, the smallest, is "al - Fat'h al - Wahabi". Besides, he has many opinions and critical pauses distributed in his other works, especially "alKhasa'es". On this basis, came the research idea to shed light on an important aspect of bin Jinni i.e., his being one of the fourteenth century critics.Research plan required to be divided into five chapters preceded by a preface, and conclusion. As for the preface, it was about the nature of criticism during his age. The first chapter was devoted to talk about critical issues according bin Jinni, such as literary thefts, form and meaning, old and modem, poetry, religion, and morals. The second chapter studied linguistic criticism, and included poetic license, narrative, and measures of linguistic criticism. The third chapter was devoted to talk about rhetorical criticism, and included criticism of simile, metaphor, and metonymy, in addition to other critical styles such as renovation. The fourth chapter talked about the critical method of bin Jinni, while the fifth chapter discussed effect of bin Jinni on the Arabic criticism : his effect on the critical movement aroused against Al - Mutanabbi, and his effect on the Arab critics as Al
