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الصنعة البلاغية في الصحيفة العلوية : دراسة تحليلية == Rhetorical workmanship in AL - Alawiya script

Author name: دعاء حلاوي محمد العويدي
Supervisor name: امل عبد الجبار كريم الشرع
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: The Duaas of imam Ali which represented in Alawiya Leaf of the master of the believers imam Ali Bin Abi Talibs’ Duaas are considered as important documents about his religiousness and connection with his God “Allah”. We have studied these blessed Duaas with a rhetorical study which deals with the words of the master of the trustees who makes it in a wise and rhetorical form, producing professional and perfect speech.And this is not weird in front of his rhetoric, because nobody heard such a meaningful speech and perfect content better than the words of the messenger of Allah (pbuh) except the words of imam Ali the master of the eloquence. Our study of this case, which was an area of argument among the old and modern scientists in criticism, had a variation of opinions between supporter and non - supporter, but we have studied this case from the creative and rhetorical side that was used by imam Ali (pbuh) for molding his expressions and its components which depend on the fluency, perfect meaning, and its perception to the minds, and that is one of the characteristics of the craft (craft of the rhetorical speech), and nobody could make this happen (craft of Duaa) better than Ahlulbait (pbut). This research included a preface that I deal with the definitions of the Leaf in language and idiom, the studies which occurred on the Alawiya Leaf and its issues, the number of Duaas in it, and the style of imam Ali in that blessed Duaas. The chapters were divided into three sections, the first section is about the rhetorical craft, which consists of three parts the first one (craft in language and idiom, and critical and rhetorical opinions on it) the second part had the term of Duaa in language and idiom, and the importance of Duaa) the third one had the style of imam Ali (pbuh) and his craft. The second and the third chapters I explained the Duaas through the rhetorical analysis : The second chapter (verbal craft) was divided into five topics (Alliteration, Antithesis, Saj’, Quotation, and Repetition) respectively.The third chapter (abstract craft) was divided into four topics (Simile, Metaphor, and Metonymy). At the end I’d like to thank my God Allah for his help to accomplish this work - if I am right, then this kindness is from Allah, and if I am wrong, that’s my fault - .We thank god in our last invocatio

الراي غير المستحسن في التوجيه الصرفي == Opinion is not recommended in the exchange guidance

Author name: ماجد محمد كاظم عمشان
Supervisor name: امين عبيد جيجان الدليمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, praise be to Allah, who taught by the pen, Taught man that which he knew not, and prayers and peace be upon the best of His creation and the most eloquent of Baldhad pronunciation of the Prophet Secretary Mohammed bin Abdullah and his family who go God bless them abomination and cleanse them cleansing, and his companions Almentajabin the good guys, and after : It is no secret to the specialists in the Arabic language as the science of discharge from the great importance of high and prestige among Arab science, not how it is Arab balance, and its known origins of the word of Arabs from appendages entering them, so this flag needs all the Arab people of whatever needed, but this science has not exhorts including DAI its flag as of study and research; Perhaps the reason for this is due to the rigidity of this science and the difficulty and accuracy, and this is witnessed by senior scientists, the son of harvest : (said (but this kind of knowledge of what was elusive difficult begun before knowing as such, then Ji after; to be Alartaad in as a footstool to enter it)), says the son of a bird in it : ((I would not see grammarians may Habera for ambiguity aware discharge, abandoning authoring the classification, only a few of them)) Adding to this science complex and the difficulty of some of the morphological views and the summer is stated or arbitrariness or weakness, and so the words and phrases that indicate disapproval of these views, and that's what prompted me to highlight those views, Ali pay some of the views of others is advisable that burdened this science and has been compounded by complicated convened by, so I decided to go into the SINGLE CAB this research, which they called (opinion is not recommended in morphological guidance).I did not find - within these Aldrash - that none of the scientists have stated disapproval of the opinion of the views and what I found is the words and phrases indicating disapproval toward saying : it Tklfo weak, not Bmtin, far away, the view, the likelihood of a consensus I do using preference such as their saying : this is the first, which I measure, as is well known, the likelihood of a consensus indicates a lack of desirability of the opinions of others. Since the objective of this study is to address the concept is not necessarily words that there is a text of the disapproval is enough to understand the words of the world, it is advisable not opinion from the views of any word or phrase that indicates that.I found that the balance of morphological What is the only way educational brief knows whereby the learner conditions of speech of originality and increase vowelization and modify and when we say that the balance of morphological know Him letters appendages of assets does not understand this it is he who reveals that even recognize the letters appendages by rules and principles exhaust Proof of this is that we can not weigh the floor only after knowledge assets letters of appendages by the disposal of those rules and then comes the role of morphological balance to deliver that information to the learner Ba_khasr phrase

ردود الشهاب الخفاجي (1069 هـ) النحوية في حاشيته (عناية القاضي وكفاية الراضي) على ابي حيان الاندلسي (745هـ) == Responses AI - Shihab al - Khafaji (1069 AH) In his entourage (the attention of the judge and the adequacy of Radi) syntactic at Andalusian Abu Hayyan (745 A) Grammatical study

Author name: رغد فيصل غازي حسين الياسري
Supervisor name: وائل عبد الامير خليل الحربي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: All praise is Allah, the Lord of all worlds, the prayer and peace upon the prophet Mohammed the informer and the faithful advisor and upon all his honorable and good relatives and his selected followers, so : The Quran remains affluence the flux, constantly tender does not expire wonders and does not create a large number of post, it has alternated it understood at the scientists of different backgrounds and persuasions, The grammar take care of it , than rhetorical and was considered by the interpreter, and hopes, stopping him speaker, and reported him to landscapes and writer, did not prevent one of them and his response, but all of THEM he found the finish, and carried about giving the secretariat Remember of wrongdoing and slippage, they return to Safe officer (grammar) to achieve what he sought, to the status of this science of Galilee, which takes us mist where the word of God spokesman and his heart conscious - Imam Ali y and where his disciple Aldua'ly - in order to request a great reward from God with reflection in the Koran I had the privilege to serve as arbitration - and I am inferior to that - in my studies : Responses AI - Shihab al - Khafaji (1069 AH) In his entourage (the attention of the judge and the adequacy of Radi) syntactic at Andalusian Abu Hayyan (745 A) - Grammatical study - . Necessitated the nature of the research that builds on the three chapters preceded pave highlights something of a biography of social and scientific Shihab focusing on the interests of grammar, it is a multiple concerns, including the moral and doctrinal, and his works, the value of his entourage, and the profile of the scientific status for those who confronted Shihab to reply (Abo Hayyan Andalusian), and the methodology of Shihab in its responses to it, and recite these chapters finale included the most important results of the study, and a list of Brackes that drank them this message, and the first chapter included matters where Shihab's response to Abi Hayyan in contacts, with two sections , Pena at first, the responses in Lifting the monument and traction motif and then banned them from the exchange, the second in building them.We have dedicated the second chapter of the responses in the acts, the issues went be divided into two sections the first is the action of the verb in terms of necessary and infringement, cosine and decreases, and the decrease and increase, taking into account the order of acts which in terms of disposition and inertia, while the second section was in the express act and direct, taking into account his time in the ranking, followed by starting the past tense.The third chapter in the responses of Shihab in glitter letters, as well as contain two sections, the first in Conjunction traction and the second in another character is mentioned in the first.The approach adopted in the edit Applied issues of the responses described analytically boot differed patterns from issue to issue, according to the consequences of the nature of the response Shihab, sometimes grammatically depends incorporation grammar of the question, and sometimes linguistically if its mouth in a statement meaning or significance, or a prelude readings retransmitted reply, and the latest styles so that the dispute simplifies directly in matters that branched where the dispute.The analysis is based upon the statement that tolerate deliberate composition of the object inflectional mentioned parsed the Koran. Displays after the opinion of Ab1 Hayyan and meet him cold Shihab, who often have a three - pronged Authority (Zamakhshari and oval opinion Shihab) and by virtue of his explanation Oval student Scout interpretation, are discussed his evidence after the breakdown of the stand when the pursued them or when you are derived by the opinion of painstakingly balancing views modernists in attempt weighting between the opinion of Abi Hayyan and Shihab.I extend my sincere gratitude After God of His attributes to disclose a nominee and that the people of this hard work and time great teacher supervisor Dr. Wael Abdel Amir Khalil. Parts of Me God richly rewarded.Our last supplication is all praise to Allah, the Lord of all words and prayer and peace be on the faithful prophet and all his honorable relatives.

نظرية معاني النحو بين المنهجية والاجرائية في فتوح الغيب للطيبي (ت : 743هـ)

Author name: احمد جاسم محمد
Supervisor name: دريد حسن احمد الصالح العبيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Prophets and Messengers, Our beloved prophet, Muhammad, and his family and companions ... and after : After looking at what has been written about the Arab prose, it was formed with the vision of a researcher, that the Arab prose has suffered in the long eras of the symptoms of pens seekers, and the departure of most of the studies to the hair, remained many aspects of prose hostage stomachs of old books.This study has teamed in the preface, three chapters, introduced the concept of the boot image in graphic language, when critics, old and modern, and the definitions of terms title, he knew the term efficiency, art and prose. Then singled out the first chapter aesthetics graphic images, has been divided in three sections : the first of which dealt with the aesthetics of simulations images in the messages and speeches and signatures. While addressing the second topic aesthetics of metaphor in the letters and in speeches and signatures. And the third on the aesthetics Alknaiah images in letters and speeches and signatures as well. The second chapter Me examine the effectiveness of the image in the embodiment of the moral perceptions, has been split on the three sections : . The first dealt with the effectiveness of image simulations in the embodiment of the moral perceptions in the letters and speeches and signatures. The second section has been allocated to the effectiveness of the metaphor in the embodiment of the moral perceptions in the letters, speeches and signatures. The third section dealt with the effectiveness of the images Alknaiah in the embodiment of the moral perceptions in the messages and speeches and signatures. Chapter III was devoted to the study of the effectiveness of graphic image in the diagnosis of inanimate objects and moral perceptions, it has been split on the three sections : . The first dealt with the effectiveness of simulations images in diagnosis in the art of the messages and speeches and signatures

الدرس اللغوي عند الدكتور عبد الكريم مجاهد : عرض وتقويم == The linguistic lesson in Dr. Abdul Karim Mujahid / presentation and evaluation

Author name: رنا علي حسين
Supervisor name: يوسف خلف محل العيساوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and his family and companions and those who followed them with charity to the Day of Judgment.Knowledge of Arabic science that guided the attention of the mother from early to all of them and the extrapolation and classification and recovery and investigation (early and won the extraction of assets and graduation, the late won the acceleration of assets and construction.And this message stands at the knowledge of the flags of modern Arabic, which is (Professor Dr. Abdul Karim Mujahid), who knew his research and useful investigations, which touched the constants and controls of the science of Arabic, and is evidence of the methods of the people of this science, and their ways to build knowledge, And their methods in analyzing the way the Arabs in their tongue and their speech and methods of writing speech and uses, and the realization of the purposes and verses and address their philosophy in exploring the causes of linguistic phenomenon and the extraction of assets and explanations, and set them in laws easy to pick up and rely on.This thesis contains an introduction, a preface, and five chapters, and its conclusion. The preface was titled (Prof. Dr. Abdel - Karim Mujahid : his biography and its course). The first chapter, entitled : Prof. Dr. Abdul Karim Mujahid, Translation, included three investigations.The first is his method of authorship, the second is his methodology in the investigation, the third is his method of translation, while the second chapter is entitled "Fundamentals of grammar".The Holy Quran is the main source of modern and honorable words of the Arabs.The third chapter was entitled "Authenticity of the Grammar" and included four topics : the Syriac role, the Greek role, the Indian role, the expression and the issue of vulnerability.The fourth chapter includes the linguistic study. And it is in two sections : the first included the word and the meaning and the second phenomena to dialect. The fifth chapter is entitled "The study of the sciences", which is in three subjects. The first one includes the subject of linguistics and other sciences, the second includes linguistic duplication, and the third is the Arabic lexicon. And then the conclusion in which I summarized the most important findings with an annex to the documentation, with a list of sources and references are many and varied

الاحالة واثرها في تماسك النص احاديث الدعاء فــي الصحيحين انموذجا == And their impact on the coherence of the text The hadeeths of du'aa 'in the Sahihin are examples

Author name: رند قيس هادي
Supervisor name: هناء محمود اسماعيل
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, the house of the book with a clear Arabic tongue, and prayers and peace be upon the honorable messengers, Muhammad and his clean family, and his companions and the people who followed their guidance and followed them to the Day of Judgment.The language of the Holy Quran is preserved forever and ever. When our former scientists realized this close connection between the language and the true religion, they turned their attention to its collection, and its origins and elements were destroyed. They studied and categorized it based on the sources of this main language, namely : - The Holy Quran. - The Hadith. - And the words of the Arabs Alshasha (poetry and prose).However, the second source (the Hadith) did not enjoy what the other two sources (the Holy Quran and the Arabs) have received from research and study. Therefore, some researchers in modern times have directed their efforts towards the language of Hadith, The purpose of this thesis was to link the second source of the Arabic language (Hadith) with one aspect of modern text science, and to study a textual phenomenon in the hadeeth of the Prophetic Prophets.The study of text is a series of evolutionary and methodological developments in the study of language, a new form of dealing with the linguistic phenomenon, a modern vision of the human tongue, and a new approach that stands at the most important criteria of text formulation. It studies the language as a whole unit rather than successive sentences. To find rules and mechanisms in which the text of speech is proven, and its parts are connected to one another, using the contextual structure that guides these texts in some cases.As well as the reasons for the cohesion of this text or that, and coherence, and the tools and means that contributed to the achievement of this coherence.So I wanted to apply a phenomenon of the phenomena of this modern science, namely, "the phenomenon of referral" in the Prophet's Prophetic Traditions, the title of the message : (Referral and its impact on the cohesion of the text (Ahaadeeth du'aa

كلام الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) : مقاربة تداولية

Author name: عماد طالب موسى جاسم
Supervisor name: عادل نذير بيري الحساني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

التمرد في الشعر العربي في العصر الفاطمي : دراسة تحليلية == Rebellion In Arabic Poetry In The Fatimi Era (Analytic Study)

Author name: الاء خليل جوده عبد الخفاجي
Supervisor name: محمد حسين عبد الله المهداوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Life in general, and especially literature, flourishes in the Fatimi era and it becomes like that of Baghdad due to the special attention it gains from Fatimi caliphs and their ministries who try to make all things suitable for poets. This gives an opportunity to let them rebel and go beyond what is acceptable in order to be famous and to show their inner suffering for others. This makes the researcher eager to investigate such topic and to highlight the most important features of this era. The title "Rebellion in Arabic Poetry in the Fatimi Era" first submitted by Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hussein AlMahdawi and he is the person who makes me notice its importance and novelty. Moreover, the researcher intends to study such important era because she found that this era does not get sufficient attention from researchers. Another reason that makes this study significant is that the researcher does not find a scientific study aims at shedding light on rebellion phenomenon in Arabic poetry in the Fatimi era and studies its types and features.The present study consists of four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion and bibliography.The introduction divided into two sections. The first devoted to study the important features of the political, social, and cultural aspects of life of the Fatimi state. The second section studies the concept of rebellion.The first chapter, which entitled "the social rebellion", studies the most the most important features of social rebellion and it consists three sections. The first devoted to diversion and obscenity, while the second section investigates tipple. The third section sheds light on amatory speech concerning boys not girls. The topics of the three sections represent the negative behavior of rebellion against society.The second chapter, which is devoted to psychological rebellion, divided into three sections. The first one studies alienation. The second sheds light on sarcasm of oneself and the third studies narcissism.The third chapter highlights the political and religious rebellion. This chapter contains two sections. The first studies the political rebellion while the second deals with religious rebellion.The fourth chapter devoted to the technical study and it contains two sections. The first studies the structure of poems at that period and the expressions used to show rebellion and the wide use of verbal sentences in the poems that deems to express rebellion. The second section deals with artistic features of the poems at that period and what types of expressions used and how the poets employ the narrative manner to show rebellion.The researcher follows an analytic method to analyze the poems and texts representing rebellion in this era. The researcher relies on a number of references among them are books of literature, history, many divans of Arabic poetry and many other references which study the phenomenon of rebellion besides many theses, dissertations, periodicals and websites.

التبادر واثره في تحديد الدلالة القرانية == The Coming And Its Impact In Determining The Quranic Semantics

Author name: مهند عبد مسلم كمر الكعبي
Supervisor name: سلام موجد خلخال الزبيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله على نواله، والصلاة والسلام على محمد واله... وبعدلا يخفى ان اهمية البحث الدلالي تظهر في الدراسات القرانية اكثر من غيرها، لقداسة النص بعده مصدر التشريع الاول للمسلمين، ووفرة المادة العلمية التي قدمها ويقدمها المشتغلون في التفسير وعلوم | Praise be to Allah on order, prayer and peace upon Mohamed and machine. And afterThe importance of semantic search appear in Quranic studies than others, for the sanctity of the text after the first legislation source for Muslims, and abundant scientific material presented by engaged in interpretation and Quran Sciences.For the sake of research regarding the Qur'an for desired interest to complete the journey in which our scientists scientific written evacuation, my master, and with the aid of Professor Dr. Adel Nazir Al - Hasani, who suggested the study regarding the coming, my directions and my Advisor Dr. Salam sire anklet Zubeida, after searching and checking desire met scientific expertise, the topic chosen (the coming and its impact in determining the Quranic semantics).After familiarization with aspects of the topic began developing a plan for this study in order to reach the desired results and are : 1. the first chapter is an introductory chapter, entitled (the coming concept), which introduced the term origination unit, used and received, and balanced with his modernist language and terminology its edge.2. Chapter II (the coming semantic in single words) trying to prove emerging when commentators in determining significance on two levels : the first Quranic semantic relations, and the second word.3. Chapter III (the come and compositional semantics) of the coming roses field installation and text.4. search finale and included the most important findings of the research. Consistent with the above, this study is a descriptive study and with the aid of some modern language curricula. And I am obliged here thanking Allah the Almighty - - on unbelievers and prefer my apprenticeship on tutors completely honorable, were a great help and bolster me in my career, especially them my professor just Nazir Hasani idea searching, father guides Dr. Salam Al - Zubeida, them me Kiss boy bar for father's hands, and paid homage to the parking in front of the student teacher. Finally, I hope that I have been able with I is what I, and my summary, ask Allah to match me with you, inspires me in view. And bless to thank Allah.

البحث الصوتي في كتاب الكناش لابي الفداء الايوبي (ت732هـ) == The Phonological Search In Al Kinnash Book By Ibi Al Fida'A Al Iyobi Born 732 H.

Author name: علي عزوز دغيم عبود
Supervisor name: محمد حسين علي زعين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic language has got great efforts to keep its pronunciation clear from all types of deviations. These efforts relate to the beginning of Islam in the Arab homeland. The Holy Quran was a reason for establishing new sciences that Arab had no idea before. These included all known language aspects : phonology, morphology, syntax, and terminology. Efforts of earlier Arab scholars concerning phonology were of remarkable achievements in the language lesson. They did so in order to serve their language. So, they took care with its sciences and searched its secrets and essence. Thus, they provided us with huge linguistic heritage and from this heritage they produced pure Arabic linguistic science which was about to complete the phonological theory to them. The phonological study obtained much importance in studying Arabic. This is simply because studying phonology is the first step for any study since it deals with the smallest unit in the word structure which is the raw material for human speech. Among those who worked too hard to serve this beautiful language and supplied their opinions explicitly or implicitly was ' EmadAldin Abu Al fida'a Ismael Ibn Al Melik AL Iyobi'. That seems clear in his book entitled ' Al Kinnash in the Two Arts Syntax and morphology', since it is obligatory to investigate this language and choose from it what can serve it and push it advanced. We relied on our search on Al Kinnash book in the Two Arts Syntax and morphology, reviewed by the doctor Reyadh Bin Hassan AL khewam without the reviewed copy by the doctor JoudaMebroukJouda. The study contained three chapters, each has two sections following an analytical descriptive approach concerning displaying Ibi Al Fida'a's saying to the preceded scholars : the supporters and the opponents. The old and the modern references that deals with this subject were adopted. In this respect, we mention ' Al Mufesal' book and ' Al Mufesal ' interpretation as well as modern linguistic references. The study reached to some results. The most important of these results is that Abu Al Fida'a was characterized by simplicity of expression, clarity of systematic of sounds in clear constructions aiming to clarify and manifest the issue in a purest shape. The general method that Abu Al Fida'a adopted is connecting between choosing and selecting. It also depended on special terms such as saying, mentioning, recalling, and judging. we also find that his opinion followed three sides. Sometimes, we find that he supports the scientific opinions, or he denies them, or he mentions the conflict among the grammarians themselves from one side, and between the grammarians and the readers from another side without showing any comment or a special opinion that recognizes him from others.

اثر المثال المصنوع في التحليل النحوي في كتاب الخصائص لابن جني (ت392هـ) : دراسة تحليلية == The Constructed Example And Its Influence On The Semantic Analysis, " Al Khasais" Book By Ibn Jinni ( Born392 H.) As An Example

Author name: حسين داخل مرزة الاسدي
Supervisor name: خالد عباس حسين السياب
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The constructed example and its Influence on the Semantic Analysis, " Al Khesais" book by Ibn Jini ( born392 H.) as an example. "Al Khesais" book is one of the publication that searched the origin of Arabic. Since Ibin Jini was talkative, he used to resort to the constructed example. He tried to find reasons that led him to employ the constructed grammatical example and its influence on grammar issues in"Al Khesais" book with presence of the witness. The study plan consisted of a preface preceded by an introduction, three chapters followed by conclusion that contained the most important results. The study ended technical indices. The preface has two sections. The first is an overview on the constructed example, linguistically and terminologically. It was ended with non - grammatical dimension which was implied in some constructed examples. The second dealt with method followed by Ibin Jini concerning features of the constructed example. The first chapter was entitled " introducing and delaying". It was divided into three sections. The first mentioned introducing and delaying in the nominal sentence and its similarities. The second mentioned introducing and delaying concerning the verb, subject, its auxiliary, and the object. The third discussed introducing and delaying in different grammatical concepts. The second chapter which was entitled ' deleting and ellipsis" Was divided into three sections too. The first discussed issues relating to the active and the deleted. The second maintained issues concerning the mentioned active. The third had issues in noun deleting. The third chapter dealt with " different linguistic issues". It is divided into two sections. The first discussed issues relating to nouns while the second dealt with issues relating to the letters. The following points have been drawn : 1.Implying the constructed example in the grammatical lesson is a basic step forward to minds till reaching understanding. That's because it is a required method works to facilitate meaning comprehension for Arabic grammar learners.2. Ibin Jini worked for agreeing between the constructed example may be considered as the only means that Ibin Jini used in the light of the constructed example in this respect touched the language articulation reality and not that said by the speaker.3. The constructed example sometimes expresses its owner's thought. He either states his grammatical school or about an opinion he worked hard. Thus, the example will be a prominent sign and clear title referring to his owner's thought pointing to that base.4. The constructed example used by Ibin Jini took grammatical dimensions - in some issues. The example expressed ideas of society. The social context factor was important for its complexity as the verb ellipsis not in order and denial that the social context displayed. Therefore, the grammatical constructed examples are regarded a source for the linguistic use that express ideas of society. Be these examples and others, Ibin Jini could accord between the grammatical thought and the social context.

الفاظ الطبيعة في شعر الاحوص : دراسة ومعجم

Author name: ماجد هاشم نعمة البهادلي
Supervisor name: علي جاسم سلمان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تشكل حكايات بخلاء الجاحظ وتحليلها وتاويلها == The Stories Of Bigeye Analysis And Interpretation

Author name: اشواق عبد الكريم محسن
Supervisor name: صلاح كاظـم هادي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This reaearch deals with many questions most important of that is an ability to practicc a sort of the criticism or repeat reading the old texts as AL - Bukhala'a , so from this reading to the beautiful semantics and ideaulgy or what deal with it.This studding contain tudy story a sit a known literal sort Jahadh'sstorys came an expression sort deal with Jahadh's affect on the current problems.We wish from this study to reach to how to from groub , the textal mixing and interval organize which consisting the story cal building for AL - Bukhla'a.This subject come from the storys representing.The spot of what Jahadh think as well as , Jahdh represents one of the Arab famous persons and a critical litteral presnts , we must stop on him.This study depends on an introduction text , three section end ending , we submit in an introduction storys articles and their relation with the current , The first section is under title forming story of Jahdh , the second research deals with forming AL - Jahadh's storys and the third research deals with the shapes of this story , But the second section is under analyzing of AL - Bukhala' storys and its title deals with the sort of the story and litteral sorts deals with the text space place attendance and time , the third reach represents AL - Jahdh's title explain Jahadh's storys and the section consists of two research , the first is under title the missing text in Jahadh's , the other one is what its consisting on this story as it represntng as mark

مكاتيب الرسول (صلى الله عليه واله وسلم) للشيخ علي الاحمدي الميانجي : دراسة في ضوء علم لغة النص == Letters Of The Prophet Mohammed (P.B.U.H) : A Study In The Light Of Language Texts

Author name: مؤيد جاسم محمد حسين
Supervisor name: رجاء عجيل ابراهيم الحسناوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: All the praises and thanks be to Allah, Allah's best blessings and prayer upon the prophet Mohammed and his family peace be upon them No doubt that the verbal lesson witnessed great development in the second decade of twentieth century when it was involved in the scientific field. Since that time, this lesson developed and became ( linguistics) a sample for all social sciences due to its developed curriculum, presented procedures, and establishing a term. Connecting linguistics with science led later to appearing new fields that scholars had no idea about such as sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, histolinguistics, geolinguistics, etc. Later on, attempts of movements from describing the sentence and its parts to describe the whole text appeared, which was known as linguistics. This made us choose this subject in the light of texts as knowledge branch. The prophet's (p.b.u.h.) letters are considered as important text in language learning. This is in addition to be a mine for a lot of vocabulary and standard styles. The current study tried to discover the contexts of these letters through the texts. this is done by making them a center to connect and negotiate between the readings and opinions of the past and the present readings. This happens to create a textual environment suitable for intervening and mixing between heritage and modernism employing them in studying texts modernly. The study also tried to deepen the general understanding for these texts, not only as linguistics texts but also for being a fertile area for activating between these texts procedure and their listeners; as well showing their activation extents with the cultural and social contexts that participated in their production. After this detailed explanation for the text that we tried to apply on our Islamic heritage sample, it is useful to end our study with these results : 1.there are some devices that took part in the prophet's (p.b.u.h. ) letters harmony such as reference with all its types, substitutions with all its types connecting with all its types.2.Variety of reference devices in the prophet's (p.b.u.h. ) letters like pronouns, demonstratives, relative pronouns and comparative devices led to weave referential threads where the referring and the referred to are applicable. This also participated to evoke the listener and motivate his attention to the spiritual relations which in turn led to working his mind between the former and the later.3.the pronoun had the great influence in the harmony of the prophet's letters for their fair for what they referred to due to the referential matching between the referring and the referred elements. They also achieved text brevity by not repeating the names that mentioned already through pronouns.4.demonstratives highly participated in harmony relations of the prophet's (p.b.u.h.) letters texts through its spread in the texts to include a subsequent group of sentences that carried news and time challenges.5.relative pronouns participated in harmonizing prophet's (p.b.u.h. ) letters with other harmony devices when they made conceptual link between what precedes and follows the relative pronoun by compensating what they referred to.6.comparative devices do not differ from pronouns and demonstratives in its harmonizing task by joining the former with the later.7.substitution in the prophet's (p.b.u.h. ) letters is considered a means of economy in language use; this makes text procedure avoids repeating same phrase. It permits keeping the meaning continuous and subsequent in the reader's memory without a need to declare it again

نقد النقد في الدرس النحوي الحديث == Criticizing Criticism In Recent Grammar Lesson

Author name: علي جبار خضير
Supervisor name: رعد هاشم عبود العبودي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic is an honest language, God honor it by setting down His final rules, on the chest in His best creation and secretary. So, Arabic is the link between the law of God and people, and also the human tool to remove the brutality in the Arab desert which is dominated by manifestations of generosity and poverty condolence by words with an understandable voice, meaningful pronunciation and sound effect. Arabic soon became a link between a striated to seal the religion of God and His law of His creation. Then, the language followed by a number of scholars who focused on servicing, defending, and publishing and showing the beauty and charm of Arabic statement. All those efforts are crowded with success. After that, many linguistic opinions are emerged in the field of grammar lesson as an examiner of heritage which idolizes and supports objections in that lesson. In order to make grammar is best than saying grew and burned. In every day, there is an opinion, objection, direction, correction, and criticism. From this plaza, the idea of the study is set by my supervisor who entitles the thesis( Criticizing Criticism in Recent Grammar Lesson). The main reason behind choosing this topic is the criticisms towards the grammatical criticism that deals with criticizing grammatical heritage in important grammatical subjects. This reason increases my argent desire to know what is the new that recent grammatical criticism has come with. The plan of the study has come according to my supervisor's idea. The study is divided into three sections preceded by an introduction and preface, and followed by a conclusion.The introduction is in the reader's view, while the preface deals with studying criticism in language and dictionary displaying the root of grammatical criticism in old grammar lesson, and whether grammatical criticism, as an item, is used in recent grammar lesson or not, and what is the reason behind increasing the literary tendency on criticism item rather than using it in old grammar lesson. The first chapter studies criticism in parts of speech and sentence. This division has come with two sections, the first section has come with studying criticism in parts of speech that deals with knowing parts of speech in old scholars' opinion and then criticizing parts of speech in recent Arab grammarians' idea. And the second section has come with studying criticism in the sentence. It includes defining verbal and nominal sentences according to old grammarians' idea and then criticizing criticism in the sentence according to recent Arab grammarians. The second chapter studies criticism in factor and parsing theory that has come with sections. The first section deals with criticizing criticism in factor theory, the second deals with criticism in parsing theory, the third deals with criticizing meaning in parsing which consists of two issues : the first, parsing has no effect on meaning, and the second : parsing tools reflect meaning. The fourth section has come with criticizing primary and secondary marks of parsing. The third chapter studies criticizing criticism in different topics which contains different criticisms many of them has come with appointmentssuch as absolute effect , object, status, predication of(enna) and the disciples. The study ends with a number of conclusions that set the most important results that are arrived to by the researcher. The study depends on a number of references that are scientifically searched and corrected, but also sources are used too that contain excellent information. Also many theses and dissertations are used, that are relevant to the study, with researches and articles. The researcher faces many obstructions such as the difficulty in obtaining references because the topic deals with recent criticism and most of its sources are new theses, dissertations and researches. This reason imposes on the researcher to travel to some districts for scholarly ideas from some instructors and then phoning them. God help us to complete this work. All my thanks to those whom have helped me especially my supervisor Ra'ad hashem Al - Abodi. He was an examiner to my study. He deletes, corrects, and arranges to support the study. His rule effects on the study letters, plan, and information. Also I would like to thank my instructor Riad Al - Sawad who doesn't refuse my questions and requests. He helps me in my study. Finally, I didn't say that my study is perfect, perfection is for God only, but I make all my efforts to serve Arabic and scientific research. If I am right, it is God virtue, and from my best, God bless me.

النقد الفني للشعر العراقي الحديث : تطور الشعر العربي الحديث في العراق , ودير الملاك, ورماد الشعر انموذجا

Author name: هبة قاسم عبد الحسن
Supervisor name: ازهار فنجان صدام
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

نصوص الخلق في نهج البلاغة : دراسة لغوية == The Texts Creation In Nahij Al Balaghah ( Semantic Study )

Author name: مهند عبد الكريم جبار الخالدي
Supervisor name: قاسم محمد كامل السعيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: تنبع اهمية هذه الرسالة الموسومة بـ( نصوص الخلق في نهج البلاغة دراسة دلالية ) من كونها تبحث في ( نهج البلاغة ) الذي يعد رافدا ثرا للغة العربية وعلومها، ومعينا للفصاحة والبيان، والبلاغة والاتقان، وهو يتلو القران الكريم والحديث ال | In the name of of Allah the Merciful The importance of this message tagged (texts creation in Nahj semantic study) of being looking at (Nahj), which is a tributary of the impact of Arabic language and sciences, and given the eloquence and the statement, and rhetoric and workmanship, read the Koran and the Sunnah.The research on the study of aspects Remember in the texts of creation and intended Tomb of Imam Ali (AS) in the creation of the world and human and animal, and the methodology of the study based on the study of issues Remember, and on this basis Antdmt research plan from a boot and three chapters and a conclusion, which included the boot definition of moral character and significance of the language and idiomatically.The first chapter, entitled (acoustic significance) has touched on it to give indications of the language definition audio and idiomatically and repetition sound and appropriate sounds to meanings and significance, sound and significance of the NPR.And it signed the second chapter under the title (morphological significance) has been assessed on two topics, touched on in the first part, the buildings acts and their implications in the second section names to buildings and their implications.The (synthetic significance title for the third quarter and eating (denote the meanings of words and story construction) and the significance of each, and the significance of the call and question and exile and presentation and delays.The ensuing chapters finale of the most important findings of the research.

شعر جراح بن شاجر الذروي ت 925هـ : دراسة اسلوبية == The Poetry Of Jarah Ibn Shajir Al - Tharoui : A Stylistic Study

Author name: وسام مهدي احمد الموسوي
Supervisor name: رائد حميد مجيد البطاط
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon the most honorable prophet and messenger Mohammed Al - Mustafa and his progeny.Stylistics, as born from the spirit of the living language, has the characteristic of reforming itself to copy with different times and places. Therefore, it aims at fulfilling the aesthetics of communication towards future with its linguistic effect.Generally, the stylistic study tends to find out the potentiality of the text. Besides, it attempts to demolish the ordinary language as well as rebuild it at a higher level.However, this study, entitled 'The Poetry of Jarah Ibn Shajir Al - Theraoi : A Stylistic Study', attempts to state the life of the poet who lived in the tenth century A.H. (Abbasid Era). Therefore, the study attempts to find a harmonious form between the text of the ancient poetry and his style. The poet's style involves deep structures more than any other ones in addition to the modern critical approach and its treatments with its multi - stylistic rhetorical features due to the stylistic approach and its internal components.This work involves three chapters with an introduction including two sections. The first displays the poet's life, name, origin, surname and ethnicity. The second deals with the poet's cultural background and its effect on his style.Chapter one 'the Semantic Level' involves two sub - sections. The first is devoted to state the poetic image that includes the image of characterization, image of typification, image of movement, non - movable image. The second sub - section deals with the study of the poet's religious and literary intertextualities.Chapter two 'the Structural Level' states the concept of the structural level and then moves to deal with the most dominant features at the linguistic and stylistic levels in his poetry. These cover interrogation, fronting and deferment, separation and in - separation, vocative and condition.Then, the chapter three entitled 'the Phonological Level' contains an introduction, and two sub - sections. The first sub - section clarifies the internal rhythm depending upon repetition, antithesis, paronomasia, returning the first hemistich to the second one and circularity. The second sub - section entitled 'The External Rhythm' focuses on the poet's poetic meters.Finally, the study ends with conclusions and a list of references on which it depends.The study has come with a number of conclusions including : discovering the cultural background, namely the creative language, its role in crystalizing the inventor's style and his stylistic wordings, detecting the poet's rhetorical devices such as (repetition, antithesis, paronomasia, returning the first hemistich to the second one and circularity), the motive to reinforce the internal rhythm of his poems.It has been observed that the poet did not use one grammatical technique to support his poetic texts with different denotations and connotations. Among these techniques is interrogation

رواية (فرانكشتاين في بغداد) البنية والاحالات == A Novel Frankenstein In Baghdad The Structure And References

Author name: عمار ابراهيم عزت محمد
Supervisor name: هادي شعلان حمد البطحاوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The novel , as an incomplete genre regarding Bakhtin's saying , includes the literary genres immanent to it like a story , poetry , a play and even not immanent to it , like the cinema , the journalistic reportage , the TV reports , the history , the heritage and the others. In addition to its impregnation for the theoretical, political, ideological and social speeches. Therefore, this made it as a narrative closet the researchers, the critics and the readers can get information from it cultural and knowledgeable treasures. This interest of the novel has reflected its genres limits, its narrative board, its structure, its formulation and type…etc., on the creative writers. So there was a variety in the different narrative levels, in addition to the availability of the local, Arab and world novel production in away making you believe the saying (the age of novel). Perhaps, this was a primary stimulus to choose the novel genre as a topic for the research. The more important motive has two dimension : a general one is to highlight the Iraqi novelistic achievement resulting from the feverish competition of the Iraqi novelists on having the novelistic narration enablers that qualify their works to the Arab and world levels. That is because of the cultural and literary openness about the world after the political and social change in 2003.Such openness has contributed to formalize a picture for the Iraqi novelistic achievement until it has been considered as a phenomenon attracting the local, Arab and the global reader ,revealed by the critical studies and a lot of researches. In addition to, some novels were translated to another languages and the participation as well as winning of some solid works during Arab and world competitions; the other dimension is specially discovered by the answer about someone's question (why is the novel : " Frankenstein in Baghdad"?) The researcher and his supervisor chose the novel (Frankenstein in Baghdad) prove that this novel is a valid sample to criticize. It is a narrative sample imbued the world ,Arab and Iraqi novelistic discourse ;for instance ,its subjects ,techniques ,styles; moreover, it is employing the views of modernism and post modernism.Many people considered it as one of good Iraqi novels, it belongs to the narrations which found their aesthetics on the ugliness of reality, it absorbs the reality but at the same time, violates it narratively, it smashes the hard and wins for the margin sitting in the bottom of society.throughout criticizing an condemnation the social reality which of the society and its lamination. Like the other novels which were done before or after it, it engaged with identity narration, it is a novelistic genre dealing with the (identity) : its form, its conflict, its crisis, its ambiguity and its lamination..etc. as a topic. The presence of the identity theme from one novel to another came in a way of suggestion or symbolizing, encryption and signals to realize such aim. The research falls into three chapters : the first one is entitled (The Narration of Identity); the second one is under the title : (the symbolic structure) and the third one is entitled : (The textual Interaction).Such kind of division was done according to the understanding of the novel limits, its different spaces, its worlds and its opens on the general novelistic discourse. The first chapter deals with the identity problematic : its lamentation, its crisis, focusing on the novelistic world adapting with the reality (the structure of the place and time, the natural characters besides the narrative historical and the political document).It was also divided in three studies under the subtitles : (The Narrative Identity of place, "The Lamination of the Identity 'The Crisis of Belonging an "The Ideological Speeches and Their Effect on a Lamination of the Identity"). The second chapter : ( the magic, legendary, the myths and the miraculous), includes three studies : ("The Action of Symbolizing in Constructing the Narrative worlds", "The Symbolism of the Fabricating structures and it References", and then, "The Margin of the Narrative Board and the centralization of the Margin.).The third chapter is based on theory of the open text so the textural interaction was its topic. It reveals the textual relations which the novel (Frankenstein in Baghdad) held, concentrating his critical views on the intertextuality a textual inevitability to no alternative and a mechanism the creator employed consciously or unconsciously which transforms his novel to the mosaic by its impregnating the texts before, in addition to the creator's ability in integrating and employing these texts in a form which highlights the uniqueness of the work in spite of absorption of another texts. The researcher employed the inter textuality as a critical procedure and able revealing tool to access the deep layers of the text searching for the textual effects. It includes the subtitles : (The Relation of the Textual Interaction, and "The forms of the Textual References."). The research depended on the relations of the textual interactions based on what Gerard Ginette achieved. The interactive forms are divided according to the compromising view for what the previous critics did. So there are two forms of the textual interaction : (internal textual interaction and external textual interaction; the first one studies the textual inter actions within the limits of the novelistic genre while the other one opens on the textual interactions outside the boundaries of the genre such as heritage, the cinema, the poetry………….etc. That socio - cultural method was the nearest to the subjects which the research studied. The study releases from a vision putting the novelistic text in the cultural and social sitter; it is previously involved in the mental, intellectual, philosophical, social, political and ideological system. Like that, the novelistic text is involved with the general discourse that absorbs the present momenta discourse in relation with the past and the future. Anyway, the novel is concerned with the suggestion of a possible world instead of existing world and introducing a world vision the creator adopts in his work. The difficulties of the research are that there are only few studies dealing with the novelist's achievement, Ahmed Saedawi, except some of articles and references about the Iraqi novel which most of them were published on the internet. However, most of them can't do a scientific well - research. So it is a founding research in its theoretical and practical level for the reach to the critical view able to cover our studying text as a form and a content. God would bless

جماليات النص القـراني عند دارسـي الاعجاز المحدثين، سيد قطب، محمد عبد الله دراز، عبد الكريم الخطيب، اختيارا : دراسة تحليلية نقدية == The Aesthetics Of The Quranic Text Within The Modern Scholars Of Linguistic Miracles Sayd Qutb, Mohammad Abdullah Daraz, Abdul Kareem Al Khateeb An Analytic Critic Study

Author name: زينب كاظم عطية الزيدي
Supervisor name: قصي ابراهيم نعمة الحصونة
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Being a divine book with aesthetic and miracle aspects, the Holy Quran has been studied by scholars from many different points of view. Some of these studies are grammatical; others are literary, rhetorical and stylistic. This thesis, entitled " The aesthetics of the Quranic Text within the Modern Scholars of Linguistic Miracles Sayd Qutb, Mohammad Abdullah Daraz, Abdul Kareem Al Khateeb" has come as an integration with the efforts of the researchers and scientists. This thesis adopts the criteria of aesthetics to shed lights on the aesthetic aspects of the Quran holy verses. The researcher has been motivated by some reasons, such as drawing the attention of the reader to the amusement of reading the holy Quran. The thesis aims at studying the semantic and aesthetic common elements among the modern scholars of linguistic miracles. The thesis also focuses on the uncommon elements which is studied by Said Qutib and has not been given attention by Dr. Mohammad Abdulah Daraz and Dr. Abdul Kareem Al Khateeb. The thesis depends on the critic analytic aspect, an aspect which criticizes the phenomenon, then analyses it. Some other studies such as "Rhetorical Thinking in the Linguistic Modern Scholars of Miracles and the Literary Quranic Text" helps in accomplishing this study. The researcher - like all researchers - faces challenging difficulties. On the top of these difficulties is the lack of the important relevant resources due to the corruptive burning events that occurred in the public libraries by the unmerciful enemies of knowledge. Next, the security circumstances are also one of factors that complicate the researcher's movement from a place to another. In addition, the numerous studies, which deal with holy Quran as a field of knowledge, makes it difficult to create an impendent study. In spite of all the numerous difficulties, and as a result of the amusement the researcher gets from reading the holy Quran, the thesis comes in this way. It falls in three chapters with an introduction and a conclusion. Chapter one deals with the phonetic rhythm in the Quran text. This concept has been studied from four different levels; the definition of rhythm and sound, the aesthetic of rhythm, the phonetic aesthetic. In this chapter, the researcher clarifies the aesthetic of repetition and pronunciation of the holy Quran.Chapter two, which deals with the aesthetic of structure in the holy Quran, indicates the aesthetic of the structural connective unit and the aesthetic objective unit in the holy Quran Surah. Chapter three deals with the aesthetic of the Quran style such as the aesthetic of the ellipsis, repetition and variety in the holy Quran. The thesis also depends on some books by the old scholars of linguistic miracles, such as The Miracles of Quran by Baqilani Three Letters in the Miracles of Quran by Khatabi, Rumani and Girjani The Evidences of Miracles by Abdul Qahir Al Girjani. The thesis also depends on some rhetorical books, such as The Mystery of Standard Speech by Ibn Sinan Khafaji and The Common Proverb by Ibn Atheer

علل التعبير الـقراني في سورة التوبة : دراسة دلالية == Causes Of Quranic Expression In Al - Tawba Surat Semantic Study

Author name: نور جبار حسين عبد الحسين العبودي
Supervisor name: يعرب مجيد مطشر العبيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the prophets and messengers, Prophet Muhammad and his good family, The Quran came down in a way that makes it impossible for the Arabs to come up with something similar to what they chose in their choice of words and their consistency with the context of the verses. Look at the scene that happened thousands of years ago occurs in yourself and signed and influenced by listening to the words chosen according to what suits them, as there is in each scene of the Holy Quran image expressive manner accurately, and this picture in its expression includes the general context of the word and the choice of words according to the language of each word Not on the syntactic structure of the word and tone of the musical commensurate with the events of the verses, as well as the grammatical factor that would have changed to the contrary of the axis of the verse. The Qur'anic expression has attracted the attention of the ancients and modernists, and much has been discussed about the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in its style, which is intertwined in its parts with the context of the verse in search of the problem of that expression in which the Holy Qur'an was revealed. I was in the process of searching for a title for my thesis. Dr. Yacoub Yousef succeeded me as a teacher in the Department of Arabic Language, who presented me with research on the meanings of the Qur'anic expression. After researching it as a preliminary research on the subject I accepted it and found the desire to search for its secrets. To extract the reasons for which the expression came in this way or that is interesting and delves into you in the secrets of the Koran and the disclosure of the mechanics of his style, which led me to choose this title subject to my Masters, and then I wanted to look at the secrets of expression of one of the Koran, I went to Surat al - Tawba, which was accompanied by questions about the overthrow of Basmalah, which is the first secret expression. The aim of my studies was to stand up to the secrets of expression in Surat al - Tawbah and to introduce it to extract the reasons behind the expression. The study came in a preface and three chapters followed by a conclusion showing the most famous findings of the study. The first chapter deals with the meanings of the Quranic expression in the lexical significance. It included two topics : the first is represented in the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the selection of names, and the second in the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the choice of deeds.The second chapter deals with the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in terms of morphology. It included three topics : The first is represented in the meanings of the Quranic expression in the use of the nouns, the second in the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the use of the verb forms. The third chapter deals with the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the synthetic sense. It included two sections : the first is represented in the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the introduction and the delay, and the second in the meanings of the Qur'anic expression in the Quran and the deletion. The study went on the analytical descriptive method in explaining the choice of words, whether from lexical or morphological side, as well as to indicate the problem of the order of words in the presentation of each other or delay, and the fact that some words are mentioned or deleted. The study has adopted some important sources that can be consulted in the list of sources and references, and sources by type, especially the Arabic dictionaries and interpretations of the Quran and books of miracles and the statement of Quranic expression and books and the interpretation of the Koran and its meanings and similar books and problem, as well as books of grammar and linguistics and rhetoric, and wrote Dr. Fadel Samarrai sources The task that dealt with the issue of ills in the Koranic expression, such as : the Koranic expression and eloquence of the word in the Quranic expression and graphic touches in the texts of download and graphical questions in the Koran and the secrets of the Koranic statement and the way of interpretation. My study was not the first of its kind, but I studied the meanings of the Quranic expression in a wide range, either in a surah of the Koran or in a commentary or in a book of language, and from those messages that dealt with the meanings of Quranic expression in the Koran : The most important books of interpretation in the opinion of Mahmud, Mu'tazil and Zaydiyah on the selection of the gold of Wessam Najm Abdullah Al - Mohammadi in the Faculty of Arts - Islamic University in 2008 and the thesis of the meanings of the Quranic expression in the interpretation of Al - Baqarah by Amer Mahdi Saleh Al - Alwani in the Faculty of Education Ibn Rushd. University of Baghdad in 2004, and the message of the meanings of Quranic expression (The poets, ants, stories) by (Elaf Awad Mehdi) in the Faculty of Arts - University of Iraq / Baghdad in the year 2000, in the College of Education (Ibn Rushd) 2015. The research reached the most important results is that the Koranic systems accurate in the use of words and expression of what is consistent with the Koranic context of the verses, and comes in the form of the Koranic expression of repentance and it stands on what the Messenger of God faced the hypocrites and infidels from aversion to jihad and others, And the Messenger of the hypocrites and many of what is told by Surah repentance and fell Basmalah because; (In the name of God the Merciful) safety and not in the Surah repentance. The meaning of the lexicon has a role in the selection of names and deeds in Surah Al - Tawbah and its use in the context of the Qur'an in the expression of words, Maan (the Covenant, the Aqq, the Alliance, and the kinship), even if one of these meanings is to be recited by God. The meaning of the verse in Surat al - Tawbah was the share of the choice of the nominal and actual structures, the names of the individuals and the masses, and directing the context through the structure to choose the appropriate verse. (Otherwise) of the violation of the violation of the Messenger of God to go out with him to the invasion is closest to the meaning of the verse, but (successor) is the circumstance against the old. As for the structure of the Koran, he had a share in the Surah of repentance represented by the presentation of the right of delay, such as giving him the ability to do in saying : But they themselves are wrong [ al - tawba : 70], an aesthetic expression we can not find. The introduction of the word and its order in Surat Al - Tawba are as required by the title and context, such as the mention of the Prophet before the mention of the Mujahideen, the Prophets and the Prophet's repentance with their repentance to the emigrants and the supporters, and to the degree to which the Prophet came with them. The Quranic structure is also the mention of words and delete it, and we see the deletion of the letters or vocabulary in the surah of repentance, either the letters has been mentioned in the Quranic verse in the verse and deleted from another verse similar to the first verse, whether in context or in another context as the letter of the draft in most of the verses of the Koran It is mentioned in the letter of the draft (from) with the saying : (from under the day) and this is what we found in Surah repentance, but came one verse of the surah repentance in which deleted the letter of draft (of) on the reading of the deletion and explained that deletion either on the inclusion of the verse to confirm, He mentioned (from) or replied to that deletion that (who) was omitted in the verse in which the lesser bliss was included as well I have been deleted (from) in the previous verse and increased in others, which was the speech on all believers, including the prophets are higher than the former came with them (from). And thank God and the last prayer that praise to God, Lord of the Worlds

قصة ادم عليه السلام في القران الكريم : دراسة في اتساق النص == The Story Of Adam Peace Be Upon Him In The Study The Qur'an In Cohesion Of The Text

Author name: ايمان ياسر عبد الواحد
Supervisor name: رافد حميد يوسف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: All praise is due to Allah , and Allah's peace and Blessing be upon His final Muhammad and his bure family.This research deals with (the story of Adam peace be upon him inthe study the Qur'an in Cohesion of the text ) it show's Adam's story in different verses and various situations The Holy Quran shows story with a suitable construction.This reseaoch falls on three chapters , tntroduction and conclusion.tntroduction shows the definition of text and the important conteatual standards.chapter one shows reference and its effects in the text it has two typea : exophoricrec reference and endopheric reference it also has two typea : anaphoric reference and cataphoric reference in referring to ( pronouns , demonstrative , relative and examples in Adam's story ( P.B.U.H ).chapter two deals with conjunctions , omission and their effects in cohesion it has two sections : section one shows conjunction and its effect in cohesion. section two shows omission and its effect in cohesion.chapter three deals with lexical consistency in two sections. section one shows repetition in cohesion. sections two shows collocation in cohesion.conclusion will show the important results of this research.Arab language is a wide sea ask God to bless us.

السور القرانية المستهلة باسلوب النداء : دراسة لسانية نصية == The Qur'anic Suras In A Call Style Textual Study

Author name: نجلة يعقوب يوسف الحربي
Supervisor name: جابر محيسن عليوي الركابي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The world has gone through huge development in the field of science and knowledge. Language was one of these fields that has gone through deep analysis of its structure and texts. New analytic approaches and instruments arose to reach the deepest points in the texts.Because Holy Quran is a text with high linguistic and rhetoric characteristics linguists began study it with these neo approaches and methods.This research was done to contribute in practicing these new methods.This research includes an introduction, four chapters, results, references, and conclusions. The first two chapters studied cohesion, first chapter studied grammatical cohesion, and the second analysed lexical cohesion.The last two chapters studied the coherence in the text, the first studied semantic relations and collocation, while the next and last chapter studied major and minor structures.The research ended with results and conclusions and ended with references.We must mention that we have studied only two aspects of text linguistics, cohesion and coherence, but not other criteria as acceptability, informativity, intentionality, and intertextuality, because we have already studied them with the two criteria mentioned above

ثقافة النص في شعر ابن حمديس الصقلي == The Textual Culturing In Poetry Of Ibn Hemedis Al - Squly

Author name: زمن محمد مخيسير ناصر
Supervisor name: حسين مجيد رستم الحصونة
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Culture occupies a wide space thert cannet be ignored in titerary text precpssing - eachfiferary text beionge to a certaincultuder enviorament that develcy it and affects on the preefnetian of the literary text the study is devafed to the diicussion of one of the poete of atldelus in the sects and itatianee l eraine ibn hemides al - saqeli the study aims at disceweriring the culturaf formats arailable in the potic text e - g relgian literature history and mythology that textuaf acculturation which shenre lies abilifiy to activate the culturaf formats in the poetic conteat The introduetion eixplains the defintian of the acculturatien linguistically and idiomaticarry in addition to the cultural famats the first chapter descrbes the pnrport unit this chapter is divided into three subehapters the first one invvelves the use of the holy quran the second one sheivs the cutaral finheatier of the prophetic tradition and the last one explains the most important cuitural formats in ather religions The second chapter is called the ineraction of the literary cuitural patterns stinmlation and image metaphor that is devofed to poete use of leferargy peittere the first sub chaper explains stimulation and imitation the second one studies the litecary image and its metaphor and the last one includes the use of the ancient Arabic prose The third chapter is called the history of the cultural patterns in the callback funetion chapter four at last is named socilagicl and cultural interaction and re formation it clarifies the most important sociogied and cultural lines and how the poet re - forms them depending or his poetic perspectives The study has came up many conclnsions the poet tries to use a lot of the religious cultural patterns in his peems i - e he use he uses hely - quran prophet tradition or other religious formats it is also concluded that the poet has been affected arbic literature in the east in different erasj the poet made use of old - fashioned proverbs and the use of historical cultaral patterns from aneient history extinct clans and pre - islamic and Umayyad history - at last the study clarifies the use of the most important myths beliefs superstitone and social thoughts through the poetic text

الصورة في الشعر النسوي الجاهلي == The Image In The Pre - Islamic Women Poetry

Author name: احسان عليوي عبد الحسين عجلان
Supervisor name: عواد كاظم لفتة الغزي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The poetry is balanced, and the weight and the rhyme are two qualities of its qualities. How much of the words of a balanced person is concealed, not of the poetry in a thing. What makes a poetry? Is it weight? Or Rhyme? Or something else?Perhaps I will answer this question spontaneously poetically simplified, from the same practiced poetry and owe her age to him, I say : The poetry is simply a poetry, it is the moment of balance with the world!However, this answer, which is accepted in a poetic sense, will not be accepted simply by criticism.And accepted the poetry and rejection of criticism, I wonder again, why is the previous answer acceptable poetically?He answered the poet's pride : because it is based on the image, poetry as a verb, verbal, sensual, verbal, but it has become a temporal awareness of temporal / moment of balance.This moment of balance evokes imagination and reality, making poetry in the cusp, and the world in the other, it offers its own definition through its portrait to draw us the truth of poetry by passion. Everything that poetry can convince us by the force of its passion is a picture of the truth. In poetry there are contradictions other than those that result from lack of talent.From here the attention to the image and study, the shortest way to the heart of the poetry, so the picture was the way of this research, to study the poetry of women ignorant.Because the importance of pre - Islamic poetry as the root of the oldest Arabic poetry, which raises the attempt to understand and absorbed visions of various topics linked to the awareness of Arab poetry and understanding of the roots, and then the celebration of the pre - Islamic women's poetry is a human addition to poetry and human, as a poetry belongs to the circle of cultural margin, Complement or hostess or paradox to see it , by trying to reveal the ignorant poet and completed the attachment of her vision and look for the image in her poetry as the living spirit of the poetry and instrument that carries the motto and express the essence Therefore, the study tried to stay away from tracing the image from a specific angle of technical or rhetorical or psychological, and keen on the image dialogue as a preliminary idea raises the moment of receiving surprise and attention to the meaning and significance and structure, so the approach followed in the tracing, analysis and discussion, was derived from the picture and its nature , Because the diversity of the image in the pre - Islamic women's poetry variety striking, stretching to many engines, may intersect or parallel, which makes the attempt to subjugate her neck and neck to suit a curriculum, it is scratching poetry and Khnunth, poetry says and the methodology is calculated.This study was organized in three chapters, preceded by a preface on the image and poetry of women

الدلالة الايحائية عند مفسري الامامية المتاخرين == Suggestive Significanace When Interpreters Front Latecomers

Author name: تغريد علي حسن
Supervisor name: ساهر حسين ناصر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Thanks for Gad and blessing Mohammad and peace up on him. I come by this study to be a new attempt titled as (Suggestive Significanac when interpreters front Latecomers). Then we show the most important hidden Suggestive significance for an important group of scientists far away form the private opinion and dependiy on the correct analysis snpported by management , thinking and the complete listening to find the linguistic studying to express the Agaz AL - Quran. it is on 3 parts. First : Suggestive significance for letter is on the nsearches. 1 - Definite article.2 - Prepositions. 3 - Conjunction. 4 - Question. Second : Suggestive significance for Pronuncition is in to Parts. 1 - Suggestive significance for Prronunciation in the condition of signs include. a - Suggestive significance articulation of uncontact. b - Suggestive significance articulation of contact.2 - The general study for Suggestive significance Quran Pronunciation. a - Suggestive significance of nouns. b - Suggestive significance of verbs. 3 - Suggestive significance for structures : a - Suggestive significance of general and partial structures. b - Suggestive significance of styles and general and partial subjects. * we mentioned that structuces and styles are gradnated from partial , simple analysis to general analysis (subjects) then reaching to conclusion and detection of the importent Results for this study. Finally , it is my gratitude and thanks for all people who support me in this modest study which it is may be the beginning for my scientific life and thanks Gad for every thing.

الخطاب السياسي للامام علي بن ابي طالب (عليه السلام) : دراسة لسانية تداولية == The Bin Abi Talib (Peace Be Upon Him) A Study In The Linguistics Of Deliberation

Author name: صادق عمير جلود الشويلي
Supervisor name: مجيد مطشر العامر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The study shows that the political discourse of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), Suitable for Pragmatics study, because of the foundations of this linguistic theory, including the theory of speech, Conversational implicature, Contextual, and Intentionality, and influence on the recipient or address. The texts employed by Imam Ali in his political speech were quoted from the Holy Quran, the Prophet's Hadith, and the pre - Islamic poetry, In order to clarify the meaning and deepen the significance, and the aesthetic text, because of their importance in influencing the listeners. And his political speech (peace be upon him) is subject to the standard of the direct orientation of what is required by the conditions of communicative communication, and the acts of speech are determined in its direct and indirect direction towards the recipient through the institution in which it is performed, therefore, the metaphorical words that used in political discourse of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Contributed to the coherence of the discourse on the level of Pragmatics , the created a kind of correspondence between the pronunciation of nicknames or allegorical pronunciation and what it suggests within the structure. This correspondence is what has achieved the interdependence between the parts of the discourse and then cohesion.We found out that deletions, introductions and delays, overall and detail, correspond, separation and connection, which the imam employed it in his political speech has added to the text a state of cohesion , that based on what the internal context of the text gave to the knowledge of the deleted vocabulary, or that have been made in the introduction or delay, total and detailed, corresponded, separated or connected, and its semantics within the discourse , depending on the external context, which is based primarily on the set of knowledge formats that received by the recipient by his experiences within the social interaction through language, which is the basis of our understanding of the speech. The concept of pragmatics and context is an important element in the Pragmatics study. Because of their active role in the reporting process, the speech acts that included in the statement are the central nucleus of the theory of speech acts. Sorrell was able to distinguish between direct illocutionary act and indirect illocutionary act, ad he explained that direct illocutionary act are those that match their performance with the goal of the speaker, tis means that what he says corresponds to what he means, and indirect illocutionary act, their strength in achievement is contrary to the speaker's goal. Imam Ali (peace be upon him)was able to achieve interact with the recipients by these illocutionary act, because what he says turns into actions with a social dimension and dimension that makes the recipient accept this speech and reach his mind and himself. His sentences are balanced and equal in the number of words, and they have rhyme, these things made his speech a kind of music and close to the recipient's sense, and make harmony between pronunciation and listening. At all levels of his speeches, if he violates the rules of dialogue or not , according to the efficiency of both the speaker and listener, because Imam Ali is intelligent, he understood the importance of the elements of speech when delivering the sermon, he used the arguments in his political speech, because it is the most successful method of persuasion, this is what proponents of Pragmatics theory want. His political speech is characterized by the power of giving the order as Caliph, and has been characterized by this method, and combines the poetic word and the reporting function with mandatory orders. The pragmatics comes to link the discourse with events and what will result from them. Understanding of the temporal and spatial circumstances surrounding the speech, as well as the knowledge of the political situation, facilitates the interpretation of the purpose of the meaning and significance of the discourse.Use Intertextuality from Holy Quran and Hadith, and Pre - Islamic Poetry in his discourse make it more visible. it made easier for the listener to understand the meaning of the discourse. And after applying Grays's theory (Conversational implicature) on his political speech, we see the pragmatics approach allows us to access the content of the text, through the explicit meaning and inexplicit meaning. Through our analysis of the conversational implicature in this discourse we see impact of the discourse on the souls of the recipient.

الحجاج في شعر فقهاء العصر العباسي

Author name: شمس الضحى حسان فرهود جساس
Supervisor name: رائد حميد مجيد البطاط
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: In this study, I address the argumentative style. I track down the movement of argumentation and challenges in its investigation and terminology. The research endeavors to demonstrate the linguistics angle of argumentation that is, in terms of Pragmatics and Speech Acts theory, revealing to us the impact of argumentation on persuasion and appealing.This study is titled, "The Argumentation in the Poetry of the Abbasid Era Scholars." The research plan deemed to contain three chapters, preceded by Preface and Introduction, and followed by Conclusion. In the preface, I present the concept of the argumentation in terms of language and terminology, as well as, come to mention the most important sources and basic pillars that would help scholars and poets master Argumentation. In Chapter One, titled "The Rhetorical Argumentation," I deal with the most important methods applied in accordance with three sections : Demonstrative, intuitive and linguistic. I concentrate on the great value of these means in the formation of the rhetorical, self - evident and persuasive Argumentation. Chapter Two, titled "The Pragmatic Argumentation", is divided into three sections. In Section I, I show a brief summary of the pragmatics, while Section II, I discuss the the relationship of pragmatics to Argumentation and the most essential elements that correlate between pragmatics and Argumentation. However, in Section III, I investigate the concept of Speech Acts, which lead to the construction of the argumentation from within the discourse. Chapter Three, titled “The logical Argumentation," is divided into four sections : Section I addresses the analogical reasoning; Section II representation as a logical technique trying to access a speaker to the desired goal; Section III addresses the inference method which acts as a technique for drawing from the Qur'anic verses as a compelling proof in the aim of achieving persuasion. In Section IV, I investigate the inductive method applied to the stories of the Holy Quran and proverbs as witnesses in the service of the speech acts. The research, then, comes to reach a conclusion that poets - by rhetorical, logical and pragmatic evidences - manage to achieve the objectives and goals. Their employing of those structures would have influence and impact on their receiver, helping them ground the idea in people's minds.The argumentation is a speech act and it must be studied in the field of language because argumentation theory in the language is an extension to and development of the theory of Speech Acts. The argumentation, as an act speech, is restricted to act argumentative directives resulting from it. The argument in poetry is built in terms of the impact resulting from a speech act, driving its strength from the ability to influence and persuade the receivers of the idea and carry it out. When a poet adopts affirmative speech acts, he resorts to demonstration or declarative idea, framing it in order to have the recipient convinced in the idea at hand, or when a statement indicates behaviors or expressions, that is, those acts that are intended to express the psychological state, such as a complaint, apology, pleasure.... it might have an argumentative dimension, thus making the poet achieve an indirect speech act. The contributions of Austin and Searle are considered one of the most significant progresses in this area, for they have explained the analytical works and their terms used in the contextual texts mirroring the meaning of the act.Poets as well rely on logical instruments of various types for they are successful means to achieve social interest. These instruments, as well, suggest a kind of confidential results and follow a logical way in the introduction and conclusion. Thus, they are logical means to assemble arguments and evidences, or reach logical access to evidence until they are interconnected altogether. The persuasion is also achieved through zooming in the image on the future or by evoking a realistic concrete data along with and attested reasoning evidence. The argumentation, therefore, is not a logical rhymed poetry which is based on a dialectic or proof. Neither is it conceived in an emotional sense which depends on stirring up emotions, feelings and inner forces. Rather, those are all primary objective and goals of every argumentative discourse, that is, to persuade the listener in a voluntary manner. In order to achieve these objectives, the research tends to rely on the analytical approach. Linguistically laid out, the research intends to show the extent to which the Argumentation is correlated to other pragmatic concepts, prove the possibility of talking about argumentation in poetry, and have access to the worlds of poetic discourse pursuant to procedural mechanisms of pragmatics.

الجهود اللغوية عند هادي عطية مطر الهلالي == Dr. Hadi And His Gift Of Language And Contextual

Author name: الاء علاوي حسين
Supervisor name: سعاد كريم خشيف الازيرجاوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Thank God for all the blessings, all the grace, and the outpouring of its tender, with thanks for what inspired, thanks for the blessing, and gratitude for what Odzl, and peace and blessings on Muhammad elite Asfiaih, and the seal of prophets, and the good of his saints, and to his family and close friends.After Iraq was one of the countries that have produced a large number of competent scientists in Arabic, was Hilali one of those scientists who have suffered what have suffered in our country is full of difficulties and troubles, and the absence of justice, leading to lack of rumor mentioned, this was a matter of motivation study his language and Quranic , because it is our duty before our scientists bring out their best, and raise some injustice against them, especially after seeing the great scientific effort has tried to study to do this effort has been to study and pause when Hilali effort lexical, and morphological, and other language efforts were varied topics and brief can not be combined under the other chapters, and stopped the study also when Hilali effort grammar and rhetoric, and the voltage grammar has a wide, has Koranic studies operated when Hilali, a large portion of this study, has taken two directions, one marked by tradition and lack of novelty, the other RPR industrious and excellence.The study relied on several sources, most notably he wrote major Arabic grammar like the book Alsebojh, and the brief of the cooler, and assets as Ibn Sarraj, written language dictionaries as writers eye of Hebron, and the San Arabs Ibn Manzur and others, and perhaps the most important sources that had a presence in this study, wrotethe meanings of the Qur'an and expressing Qur'an as a book sheen of fur, and the meanings of the Qur'an for Akhvh, and express the Koran for copper and other important sources in the Arab libraries and there are several conclusions reached by the study, including : Diversity and non - specialization at Hilali, did not respect Hilali, a particular aspect of the linguistic aspects or the Qur'an, but interested in the language and Quranic both sides, not its diversity stop at this point, but were studies grammatical not competent next to certain aspects of the language, he studied all the linguistic aspects Kalnho, drainage and Rhetoric and lexicon, sound, and which was marked by the writings of these aspects lack of inclusiveness, which did not study any aspect of the comprehensive study of the language, but was interested in studying a particular subject in most literature.Studies lexical was important when this world, has written several books on the side, trying to clarify the significance of many of the linguistic vocalizations by reference to the major language dictionaries, and use them to illustrate the meanings of vocalizations.It Hilali studies known as the grammar aspect of interest in the topic of character meanings, especially those operating, it has more than a thousand Crescent author in order to clarify this issue.Perhaps it is also important to clarify an important issue which is the fact that al - Hilali who distinguish worthwhile witness Quranic different linguistic topics, it has dominated the skyline of Quranic other linguistic evidence.

التماسك النصي في ايات الاحكام == Cohesion And Coherence In LeGISlative Verses

Author name: نور الهدى عادل حسن
Supervisor name: هادي شندوخ حميد السعيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The analysis of texts essentially depends on textual cohesion in creating textual, it concentrates on the relationship among the parts of texts and how the text cohesive.It also concentrate on the indicative and formality which found in the text for actualizing textual interlink between them, so this study comes to explain the types of textual coherence throughout Legislative verses, emboded in this the three levels - syntax level, lexical level and evidence level which considered to be of the cohesion elements among the texts that come Legislative verses throughout practicing theories of modern science of text.The study was distributed in the introduction and paving and three sections, then comes practising additional for the three levels and conclusion and alist of sources and referenees.The paving : The researcher stood in it on the definitions of the text and textual cohesion in the framework of modern linguistic studies and show the intended from the Legisative verses, and standing on the most important characteristics and features of these verses.First section : In which the researcher had studied syntactic coherence in the Legislative verses and this section is devided in to four researches : First research : the linking in the Legislative verses which come in (pronoun, demonstrative nouns, additional linking, causative, chronologica, and adversative).Second research : Deleting in the Legislative verses which performed in(nominal deletion, verbal deletion, literal deletion and the deletion of the main conditional clause).Third research : The submitting in Legislative verses in all kinds(demonstrations, pronominal, relatives, and comparatison).Fourth research : The substitution in the verses of decrees that comes in nominal substitution, verbal substitution and phrasal substitution).Fifth research : grammatisal parallelism in the Legislative verses. Second Section : In which the researcher had studied lexical cohesion in the Legislative verses, which devided in this section in to three researchs : First research : lexical accopainment which comes through contraction relationship and oppositing and the relation of the part with the whole and the whole with the part.Second research : Recurrence with all its sorts( recurrence of word and recurrence of sentence).Third research : The verbal parallelism in the Legislative verses, and diving it into : Recurrence and AL - Jinas..Third section : The research concentrated on the study of evidence cohesion in the Legislative verses. This section is also like its previous section is devided in to three researches : First research : The suiting with its two kinds ( the total suiting and the partical suiting).second research : The textual relationship which comes through the relations of ( summing and detailing, causative and the relationship between main and conditional clauses and performance).Third research : The matisation.Fourth research : parallelism Rhythm and structure with its two kinds(phonetic parallelism and morphological parallelism).Practical additional : In which the researcher studied the (SURAH of divorce), and studies the grammatical, lexical and connotation aspects and showed the rang of the connection of this (SURAH).This study ended with the most important results which the researcher reached to when he studied this(SURAH).Conclusion : I had concentrated on the most results that I reached to which showed the aspects of thematic and textual cohesion in the Legislative verses, the subject which ensure that the texts of the Legislative verses or all the texts of the " Holly Qura'an" all of them concerted and cohesine as a united unit.Then I ended this study with alist of resources and references.

مقدمات التاليف الادبي والنقدي حتى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري : دراسة في البنية والتركيب

Author name: علي مهدي حميدي
Supervisor name: رياض يونس السواد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

البيئة في الخطاب النقدي القديم : دراسة تحليلية == The Environment In The Old Critical Discourse An Analytical Study

Author name: صفاء جاسم عبد الصاحب
Supervisor name: عباس جخيور سدخان الوائلي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The environment with its relation to the literature took on rank where the reviewers wear its explanation, then the effects of the reality where the writer took, is appeared. And what the reviewers looked over to illustrate the final result of the environment on the language of the poetical text is inclined to the reviewed text where it considered the more important basic supplements followed the technical production with its different forms. The reviewers have illustrated the environment by making it as a one of the standards to simplify that. Where it is knew through it for the specifications that supported to show that language. Although the very important of the environment as a reviewed standard on the poetical level, but it hasn't the mere academic study from the reviewed side - in the searcher's knowledge - except the study , and this may be lead the searcher to study the subject and the research in its reviewer's texts. This study has built on a four chapters prior by the abstract and followed by the conclusion and the references. The abstract dealt with three objects, the first object is specified to illustrate the term of the environment with its two parts the lingual part and the idiomatic part. The second object dealt with the effect of the environment on the habit of the human. The third object dealt with the effect of the environment on the literature text and its relation with the produced creative works from the ignorant era to the Andalus era. The first chapter titled the environment is the reviewed standard in the development of the poets and their lateness. And it has divided into two parts, the first dealt with the literatures texts while the second dealt with the lingual texts. The second chapter has specified to study the effect of the environment on the recalling of the poetical talent. It fragmented into two parts, the first part has specified to study the silent nature. It based on a three stanchions, the first stanchion dealt with the ruggedness of the desert and the mountains, while the second stanchion has specified to show the effect of the gardens and the rivers on the old reviewed texts. In the third stanchion, the two prodigies of night and day within the field of the silent nature. The second part has specified to study the dynamic nature and has distributed into three elements. The first element was titled the camels and their presence in the reviewed text for the sake of the comparison among the poets. The second element dealt with the horses while the third element dealt with the birds and showed the pair of the review with that flied in its sky and mixed with its creative resources. Then the third chapter has come to study the environment as a reviewed standard in the preference of the poetical saying or its rejection, and it has included two objects, the first object specified to study the phonetic use and the building was finished by the second object in the structural use. In the completion of the prior, the fourth chapter has come to use the environment effectiveness in the nomad and the townsman words and their pronunciation. It required to divide it into two objects, the graphic pictures in the nomad and the townsman pronunciations has studied in the first object and it has been divided into three pictures. The likening has dealt in the first picture while the second picture showed the metaphor manner in the nomad and the townsman texts and the completion was the nicknaming picture which the final within the reviewed texts boundaries. The second object has dealt with the study of the effectiveness of the environment on the lingual words and it has three stanchions, the first stanchion was the strength phenomenon and the second stanchion was the tune word while the drawl was the third stanchion. This study was finished by the conclusion which summarized the more important obtained results followed by the references of the study where the more important of their, the books of "Tabakat Fohol Alshoaeraa" by Ibn Salam Aljumhey, "Almoasheh" by Almrzebany and Tarajum Alasfahaney in his book "Alaghany".

الانسجام النصي في سورة الانبياء == The Textual Harmony In Prophets Surat

Author name: سارة عباس كريم
Supervisor name: رافد مطشر السعيدان | جلال الدين يوسف العيداني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: All Praise is due for Allah that suits his glory and greatness and praise Him or his guidance and help; peace and blessing be on his prophet, the best of all humans, and his progeny whom He kept away from the uncleanliness and whom He make equal to holy Qur’an for which the wrong cannot access from all sides. The honest speech is the Holy Quran , and the noblest sciences are the ones that related to this holy book. The goodness of human being is to be occupied with the service of the book of almighty Allah which is immortal text with Arabic tools that becomes accurate source for the people who want to take of it. Without doubt, it is a great honor to search in this holy text and this greatness comes from the greatness of the book and its scarcely, the researcher, in her study for this Quran piece, does not attempt to prove it as a text or not, which is inevitable and certain, but she tries to discover the textual harmonic tools that leads to its formal coherence which appeared the semantic dimension to the Qur'anic text. The choice of the term of the textual harmony as a pivotal theme for this study comes as a result of its being pivotal for the textual studies and according to this, the relationship between the word and its neighbor is built, and the relationship between the sentence and the other to reach building the entirely text or entire structure characterized by the close correlation in the formal level through the indicative and connectivity pronoun, then the relation of the repetition and omission between words or sentences. Hence, Surat Al - anbya(prophets) is taken as a practical field of the textual harmony since this Surat has not been studied textually. In addition to this, it contains the stories of some prophets ( PBUT) and their hardships and almighty’s relieve for their sufferings, all this leads to strengthen human’s determination in Allah who never ever let him/ her down. Moreover, it has signs and lessons people need and hence, there is a necessity to study this text deeply to reveal the textual harmony.The dissertation is divided into four chapters proceeded by introduction and followed by conclusion. For the introduction, the definition of some terms occurs through which we can know the meaning of text and the term of Harmony and its synonymic terms of it. Then, the first chapter dedicated to reveal the harmony tools which comes through three parts : the first part dedicated to study the context, the second part dedicated to study the occasion, and the third part devoted to study the speech. The second chapter is entitled the voice harmony which does not include parts to avoid the repetition and to study all the existed Acoustic phenomena within the same verse simultaneously without partition. The third chapter is dedicated to reveal the lexical Harmony by the way of dividing it into two parts : the first part deals with repetition, and the second part deals with the associated lexicography.Finally, the fourth chapter that entitled the grammatical harmony. This chapter is divided into three parts : the first part expose the referral and its tools that contributes in the harmony of the text , the second part is dedicated for the omission, and the third one is devoted to reveal the conjunction and its role in the harmony of the text. The conclusion is dedicated to reveal the results that the researcher discovered in his study about the textual harmony in Surat Al - anbya(prophets).The research enrich its material out of sources’ variety such as the rhetoric books, interpretation books, Arabic dictionaries, and the textual linguistics books. Rhetoric books : al Mathal al Saeer for Bin Al Atheer (471 AH), al Tiraz for Al Alawei (749 AH), and the mircle proves(Dalael Alejaz) for Al Jerjany (471AH)Interpretation books such as Al - Kashaf written by Alzmakhshari (538 AH), The Big Interpretation written by Al - Razi(606 AH), Emancipation and Enlightenment written by Bin Ashor(1323 AH) and so on. Dictionaries : quantifications of language written by Bin Faris (395 AH), The Tongue of Arab written by Bin Al - Manthoor, And Taj Al Aroos written by Al - zubaidi(1205 AH) and so on. Textual Linguistics books : linguistics of the text introduction to the speech harmony written by Mohammed Khatabi, textual linguistic between theory and practice written by Subhi Ibrahem.The most important findings that the study revealed is that the Harmony is group of textual relations in addition to the other hidden relations which urges the researcher to depend on some other elements other than the textual ones to discover the link. Moreover, the curriculum of the text linguistics is a curriculum based on the significance which can be gotten out of the mechanisms of the linguistic search in all its levels such as : the Acoustic, lexical, and the grammatical. The study calculated the tools of the lexical, and the grammatical harmony which are represented by the tools of the referral and Conjunction. Its repetition contributed in achieving the harmony in its formal and semantic level. Last but not least, I do not pretend the perfection in all the topics that I dealt with in study since perfection is all belongs to Almighty Allah and the characteristic of the mundane deeds are imperfect. Hence, if I achieved what I wanted, it is with Almighty Allah help, but if I failed, it is because of the oversight of the mind and the inattention of the self

البناء اللغوي في مجمع البحريني للشيخ ناصيف اليازجي == Linguistic Construction In Bahrain Compound Of Sheikh Nassif Yazji

Author name: سارة هاشم عبد اليمة الركابي
Supervisor name: ساهر حسين ناصر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Arab Studies received in our time in a bit of cultural progress, which contributes to linking the Arabic language landmarks ideas and wide belong to the Arabs communities that have faced political, economic and social difficulties, not for the emergence of an invisible hand trying to spread the ignorance that degrades the level of cultural awareness among the Arab community, so try Yazji formation of his ideas in the form of shrines discloses subtle things can not reveal them because of the bitter reality being experienced.Appeared in the shrines Yazji touches linguistic and literary at the same time, he expressed things in an intelligent manner based on Arabic grammar, and this is evidence of his eloquence and his eloquence to say, and intelligence in the choice of words at the right have their place, upscale and style, which poured into it the words of expressive meaning certain ideas are interrelated and sequential disclose his inimitable which overwhelmed the spirit of spontaneity and forgiveness, optimism and resorting to the Almighty God. Yazji taken in Mqamath distinctive style that features personal in itself did not appear, but this character emerged through the other characters and hired her to speak on his behalf, make Sultan these characters Suhail bin Abbad, who told mouthpiece Yazji everything that comes to his mind the ideas expressed.Violent study in the form of three chapters led by booting lies the basics of research, namely : Syntax and what it is, standings and what they are, and singled after that the three chapters that show the paper Yazji milestones towards progress in the Arabic language service as it was appointed the first chapter : to study voice level which contains four sections The first regards : voice suggestion, while the second regards : voice compatibility, and the third for : voice accumulation, while the fourth for : internal rhyming (assonance and alliteration).The second chapter : the guarantee studying morphological level that contains four sections basic rely on Arab significance clear through formulas for each subject conjugate, are : first : deals with the buildings acts and their implications, and the second deals with the buildings, sources in the Arab and implications, and the third : deals with the structures derivatives and their implications, and IV deals with the collection and miniaturization in the Arab and Dalalathma.The third chapter : ensure the structural level that fork in the form of four topics I : Interested in studying the sentences in Arabic, while the second : Vehtm study of conscience and significance, and the third : Interested in studying Arabic methods and their implications, while the fourth : Vehtm study stylistic phenomena that emerged from the origin to denote certain are : (submission, and deletions).It was adopted in the school curriculum is the descriptive approach which relies on the significance of which is based on the mysterious clarify and interpret vague, if any, and left the classroom capacity expansive mood, and this depends primarily on the nature of the material available that sings study delve into topics unrelated to the significance or they It did not constitute a linguistic phenomenon.It turned out that the subject of the letter is an essential part in linguistic studies accredited in my studies, it also consists of basic Arabic language audio, including morphological and grammatical Science and overlap with rhetoric as relying on semantics. I can not conclude by talking in the study and its implications to acknowledge the knowledge of God, he singled out the Almighty with the knowledge of the heavens and the earth and what is between them, and expanded the mercy of everything, and make slaves under his rule Almighty Some fault of them the world, he says : ) said Sobhnk not aware of us only what taught us you are ?'er ?gam ([Al - Baqarah : 32], and it may be that Allah guide us all to the path of wisdom and righteousness, and forgive us if we have forgotten or wrong, and to accept us this little broad generosity a lot.Yazji tried to unload in his book (Bahrain Mall), including owned scientific and technical in the form of lines containing the words made up of a group of vocal characters that characterize each one of them in particular distinguish them from other characters know, and these characters have a certain indication when uttered on the one hand speak and whisper and intensity and laxity and other qualities that have resorted to Yazji in the expression of their status as felt by grief or joy or suffering or punishment or longing or nostalgia as used in the praise and spelling and others.I found a researcher at the shrines Yazji that there is a differentiation between buildings trio act, but the basis of this differentiation is the formula (verb), which represents the root of all buildings act tri including formats and whipped whether literally or Baltdaev, it is also the most flowers in shrines Yazigi. Praise be to Allah, peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions Almentajabin good guys machine

التشكيل الصوتي للبنى النحوية == The Voice Modulation Of A Grammatical Structure

Author name: نهى ابراهيم حريجة العظماوي
Supervisor name: شاكر سبع نتيش الاسدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: تبحث هذه الاطروحة الموسومة بـ (التشكيل الصوتي للبنى النحوية) في تاثير وحدات التشكيل الصوتي (الفونيم والمقطع والنبر والتنغيم) في البنية النحوية (التركيب والاسلوب)، وهي في تمهيد وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة. وتناولت في التمهيد مفهوم التشكيل الصوتي، وتعدد ترجماته في | This dissertation so called (the voice modulation of grammatical structures) are looking at the effect of units voice formation (phoneme, syllable, stress and toning) in grammatical structure (composition and style) and in clouding a preface, three chapters and conclusion. I explained in the preface the concept of voice for mation and the concept of grammatical structure. The chapter one was entitled (voice formation of grammatical structure bearing phoneme) and in clouded an in reduction and seven sections.In the first, I studied the phoneme in Arabic language which had com prised it and offered types of short and long allophones in Arabic. In second I studied the phonemes of the movements in the Arabic language and offered the functions of the movements (fixed and variable) in the linguistic structure and pointed out how changing move ments (emergency) in grammatical structure and I studied at the third section the reason for the appearance of phonemic (Altham and tween of Altham that it is short vowel add to the word that marked by on a partial (subject and predicate, present verb and subject) had shown how the impact on syllabic structure of partial attribution in the case of replacing the phonemes of (Altham and tween) on with other by depending on the reasons for the appearance. In the fourth I studied the reseason for the appearance of the phonemes Altham and tanween) in operating of derivatives and their impact in functional terms. In the fifth I showed the cause of the appearance of phonemes (al fatah and tanween of fatah that it is short vowel add to the word that marked by) on the object and the complement of clause and affect it. In the sixth, I studied the phoneme sukun in the feminine taa with the present tense almajzum as in fleetional movement because of the effect of the job it. In the seven, I studied the effect of long movement in a grammatical structure in case of past verbs and imperative verb and I explained the syllabic structure and long movements as phonemes (movements) in the nouns. The chapter two was entitled (the voice syllabic structure of a grammatical structures) that involved an in troduction and three sections, the first involved the past and the present verbs nd imperative and the pronouns of syllable.In the second sections, I studied (the emphasis noon) and correlation it with present and imperative verbs, while the third section, I studied the syllabic structure by erected verbs. The chapter three was entitled (the stress toning of the grammatical composition) that it involved an introduction and five section. The first the concept of the stress and its actions in the Arabic language.the second sections I studied the types of the stress in Arabic language and I showed (the precedents and suffites) with the word. In the third, I studied the concept of the toning and its types in Arabic. In the fourth I studied the matter of the difference of the modernists in the presence of the toning in Arabic language in the fifth section I concerned by the effect of toning by the grammatical style and how to change from style to style.The conclusion involved the main results as following 1 - the phoneme of skunk had main role of a grammatical structure. 2 - the phonemes of aldham and alfatah appeared in the past verb. 3 - the appearance of phoneme alfatah as the inflectional movement at the end of the present verb. 4 - the present verb asserted by the final syllable of the verb. 5 - the stress and toning considered from the voice units

ملامح السرد في شعر وفاء عبد الرزاق == The Narrative Features In Wafaa Abdul Razak

Author name: حسام صيوان لغط
Supervisor name: حامد علي غيلان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study deals with the narrative features in the experience of the poet Waffaa Abdul Razak the famous recent poetess from Basrah city.This study focuses in the narrative features in Waffaa Abdul Razak poetry. Its divided in to Three chapters.Chapter one , it focuses on the poems that includes two important elements : Time and place. That many of her poems gather under these elements to reveal many of meanings and feclings of the potess to her readers. We can see her keep close and found to many subjects that mix between them and the see ting in other hand.Chapter two deals with the persons in the poems of Waffaa Abdul Razak.We divide these characters in to four types first include the religious characters , second the legendary characters. Third the characters that connect with the poetess. Fourth the unimportant characters.Chapter three deals with two sections first deals with the strecture of the event which is divided in to four kinds. Sequential , alternative round and implicit.Then section two deals with the methods of narrative which are descriptive and dialogue.Our study tackles some narrative elements that included in Waffaa Abdul Razak poems. Its included in her poems to attract her readers in her poetical experience.

ابن طباطبا العلوي في الخطاب النقدي العربي الحديث == Ibn Tabataba Al - Alawai In The Modern Arabic Critical Discourse

Author name: غفران علي مفتن الكعبي
Supervisor name: عباس جخيور سدخان الوائلي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Al - Alawai's style in this book distinguished of his great concepts, theories and critical thoughts such as, poetry creativity in which he deals with designing and developing the Arabic poem representing with two features (choice and style) for achieving the poetic creativity in writing literature.Al - Alawai managed to prove the existence of critical views that differs from those earlier critical views that occupies all the studies at that period carrying with it a lot of ideas such as receiving ideas, plagiarism, style, pronunciation and meaning, liar and honesty, manhood.This research deals with the most notable areas of Ibn Tabataba related to the Arabic modern critic. The thesis studies the critic views of Ibn Tabataba in terms of Arabic modern text analysis. Finally, Ibn Tabataba was a brilliant critic in his ability and creativity and his modern theories that contain new horizons for critics.

المهمشون في روايات شوقي كريم حسن

Author name: تبارك علي عبد
Supervisor name: حامد علي غيلان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

المباحث النحوية في مقدمات المصنفات اللغوية حتى نهاية القرن الحادي عشر

Author name: شيماء صالح ابراهيم الموسوي
Supervisor name: رافد مطشر السعيدان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: In the name of Allah the Merciful, most compassionateThis study deals with the subject of grammatical lesson within linguists in the light of the speeches of their linguistic works and their finalizations. This study included a set of origins, terminology and grammatical differences among linguists. The study is based on the descriptive, analytical method because it suits the linguistic studies which was used by the first scholars of the Arabic language in dealing with language issues.The study was divided into three chapters : The first chapter deals with three grammatical issues : First : listening, which includes sources of hearing from the holy Quran and its reading, poetry, and linguistics in these sources of grammatical issues. The second is "measurement" which includes the concept of measurement as far as linguistics and terminology are concerned as well as the elements of measurement and standard issues in linguists, and the third : grammatical cause and its concept in linguistics and terminology and types of grammatical causes in linguists. The second chapter deals with the effect of grammatical methods on linguists efforts, which includes : grammatical approach to the doctrines of grammarians, grammatical works, grammatical figures, and the second : the effect of grammatical usage on linguists. The third chapter deals with different subjects. it includes two topics : the first is grammatical differences among linguists, and the second is the approach of linguists in the study of grammar, and it has been concluded that the speeches of the linguistic works and their finalities are grammatical issues. Linguists are linguists andhave differing doctrines that tend to, whether they belong to the school of "Kufa" or that of "Basrah" in conclusion, I ask God Almighty that I succeeded to present what is beneficial in this research, and that it will be useful for researchers.

حازم سليمان الحلي وجهوده في اللغة والنحو == Efforts Of Hazim Sulaiman Al - Hilli In Language And Grammar

Author name: محمد فارس نعمة
Supervisor name: رافد مطشر السعيدان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Praise to Allah, the lord of the worlds, prayer and peace upon His best prophet and messenger Muhammad Sadiq Ameen. This study deals with (Hazim Sulaiman Al - Hilli's Efforts in Language and Grammar) who is considered as one of the most popular pioneers of Al - Hilli. However, his books haven't been studied scientifically or get their deserved scientific height. There are many reasons contribute to search about the personality Hazim Al - Hilli and his efforts in language and Grammar such as his scientific character, wider culture, extensive exposure, his interests in Arabic language field, and his love of the language and Arab heritage. As well as his many achievements which filled the Arab libraries and witnessing international magazines in their diversity and variations. The nature of the study divides the thesis into three chapters preceded by an introduction and preface and followed by a conclusion which summarizes the most important results. The preface summarizes Al - Hilli's biography and scientific achievements. The first chapter studies his phonetic efforts which displays the most important sound issues that Al - Hilli has studied. This chapter includes four sections. The first one is about the sound exits and characteristics, the second section deals with Al - Hilli's opinion in the vocal leadership among Arab scientists, the third includes Al - Hilli's curriculum in studying some of the phonetic phenomenon such as slurring, extension, stopping and starting. The fourth comes under the title the sound relation to sense which deals with Ibn Jeni's influence in the western linguistic research. The second chapter is specialized for Al - Hilli's contributions in the Arabic grammar. It includes four sections also : The first section deals with Al - Hilli's opinion in the emergence of Arabic grammar and his efforts to revive the grammar heritage. The second section deals with his efforts in easing grammar which includes three topics. They are : Al - Hilli's opinion in the facilitation thought among Arabs, Ibn Matha's influence in the facilitation thought among Arab modernists, and Ibn Matha's theories between his agreement with the old and his creativity. The third talks about Al - Hilli's opinion about the monument of the present tense verb after 'hatta'. And the fourth comes with studying Ibn Aqeel in his explanation. The third chapter deals with the Quranic and lexical efforts. It includes two sections; the first consists of Al - Hilli's efforts in the Quranic topics and readings. This section includes two subsections; the first consists of Al - Hilli's efforts in studying the Quranic interpretation topics and his efforts in the maintenance of the Holly Quran from distortion, while the second subsection deals with Al - Hilli's efforts in Quranic readings which consists of Al - Hilli's opinion on the attitudes of the orient lists of readings, his opinion in the grammarians protest in readings, and his opinions in Sibawayh and Al - Fara' position in readings. The second section involves his lexical efforts which includes five subsections. The first is limited to Al - Hilli's opinion in language idiomatic meaning of the lexicon. The second involves Al - Hilli's opinion in the first nation that knows the lexicon. The third is devoted to Al - Hilli's opinion about the reasons behind authoring the lexicon. The fourth subsection includes Al - Hilli's opinion on the use of the lexical and dictionary verbal. And the fifth one is devoted for studying Al - Hilli's curriculum in studying the lexicon schools. The study ends with a conclusion which summarizes the most important results that are reached to by the researcher such as Al - Hilli is one of the most important scientific characters who combines among authoring, studying and writing poetry. So that, his results have come divergent and divided between language, grammar, literature and investigation. And then followed by a list of approved sources and references and abstract in English

علل التعبير القراني في كتاب متشابه القران والمختلف فيه لابن شهراشوب (ت588هـ) == The Interpretation Of The Koran In A Book Similar To The Koran And Different To Ibn Shahrshub

Author name: مروة حسين علي
Supervisor name: جلال الدين يوسف العيداني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The Quran is the Book of the Miraculous God, and its timeless message, which is the crown of the esoteric Arabic, and its upper graphic, is coined by the Arabic dialects, including its miraculous systems in the formulation of its vocabulary and the accuracy of the choice of its words and structures. Qur'an attention has been received unless Anlh any other book, studied the faces of the various, overcame some scholars to study in terms of its history and coming toward him and his expression and his style and eloquence and manifestations of likeness.Since the selection accuracy is the approach in the systems, so that the Quranic systems may according to each word in which a special account, do not replace the word - in the Qur'anic expression - replaced her sister, whatever the convergence of Padilla between them, until you see the words of the Koran as if created for positions that came in, Therefore, the scholars of the Qur'aan on the authority of the interpreters and others have pointed out this accuracy in the choice of words and the disclosure of their meanings in the Qur'anic expression.Among them was Ibn Shahrshub, who was very interested in the choices of the Qur'anic systems, especially in his book (similar to the Koran and its different) enjoyed by the author - a son Chehrahob I have chosen this book as a field for my studies, which I have referred to as "the interpretation of the Qur'an in a book similar to the Koran and different to Ibn Shahrshub." Moreover, it was one of the reasons for my choice of this topic for my studies. It is related to the book of Allah the Great Book of Arabia, and the definition of science of the sciences of interpretation, the son of Shahrshob, one of the most prominent scholars of the sixth century AH, and my desire to extricate from the Quranic expression, which includes the science of Arabic language and the language and rhetoric, Subject redirection Atopic supervisor, the fact that the efforts of Ibn linguistic and grammatical Chehrahob not studied, as did her research or singles out a message Hedda study tagged with (curriculum Chehrahob son in a similar Qur'an and it is different), adoctoral thesis of the researcher Salwa Khudair Bohan.This study was intended to illustrate the view of Ibn Shahrshub for the Qur'anic expression and the foundations on which his statement was based on the expression of the Holy Quran. My study in this thesis is divided into three chapters, preceded by a preface and followed by a conclusion. Similar to the Koran and different in it).The first chapter examined the meanings of the Quranic expression on the level of individual words, and divided it into five topics : the interpretation of the Quranic expression in the names, the interpretation of the Quranic expression in the acts, the interpretation of the Quranic expression in the letters, the Quranicexpression in the recitation and the feminization, the Quranic expression in individuals, The second chapter Vosmth b (the ills of the Quranic expression on the compositional level and stylistic), has included three topics are : deletion, appreciation, and presentation delays, refiningThe third chapter Fajssth of the ills of the Quranic expression on the semantic level, divided by the three sections, the first of which in Tag differences came, and the second significance of the allegorical, and the third in explanation of illusive contradiction in the Koran, and in the conclusion outlined the main findings of the research.

شعر سعد علي مهدي : دراسة صوتية == Saad Ali Mahdi'S Poetry Sound Study

Author name: زهراء جاسم محمد
Supervisor name: ابراهيم صبر الراضي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Great thanks to Almighty Allah and peace and prayer upon his passenger, Mohhammed and his household, the kind and the pure. Then…The fact, this science had gained my attention since the first year of my study of Master of Arts , so I want to research in a subject that related to The Holy Quran But there was a lot of these subjects from the sound view. So My supervisor Choose "Saad Ali Mahdi poetry" and I accepted his choice because this poetry has a lot Poetry collection that deserve to study , for it beautiful meanings that takes the reader to the higher meanings.The study consists of introduction ,four chapters ,conclusion ,references and resources.In the Introduction I researched the biography of the poet, his culture ,his books And his Lattice sharesIn chapter one " phonetics harmony " , I divided it into two parts , in the first one I study the phonetics harmony in the voice phenomena and that represented by the replacement of the verb form and replacements and in the second part I study the phonetics harmony in adjectives and sound exits.In the second chapter " phonetics rhythm " I divided it into two parts , in the first one the external rhythm and that represented by phonetics syllable and prosody in the phonetics researches , Rhyme in the new phonetics researches , in the second part I study the internal Rhythm and that represented by paronomasia , phonetics repetition and parallelismIn the third chapter " Laboratory and meanings Researches " , I divided it into two parts , in the first one I study " Praat " program and some laboratory samples from Saad Ali Mahdi poetry , in the second part I study suprasegmentaux in Saad Ali Mahdi and that represented in accent , intention and laboratory samples And I tailed the research with a conclusion that contain the result that I reached in this research , and finally I write the references and sources.

دلالة الادوات عند الزركشي في البرهان في علوم القران == The Indication Of The Tools In Zarkshi Proof In The Sciences Of The Koran

Author name: ضياء عباس عبد كحط الهلالي
Supervisor name: ليث قابل عبيد الوائلي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The purpose of research is to indicate the significance of the tools in Quranic texts , because the texts of the Quran are correct texts and represented the basic of Arabic rhetoric and fluency , as well as the Quranic verse for the word of increase That some say ,because the increase is the words of non use and stuffiny. The tools have the greatest value ,especially when the intepreters in determining the meanings because they have an impact of the meaning of sentence and then the general meaning statement. The meaning of the tools depends not only on dictionaries ,but also contributes to several ways, including the reasons of decent and the context in which the word is received ,and the context is divided into a linguistic context and place context. Linguistic context is the result of use words inside the sentence system is adjacent to other words to get a specific meaning ,the context has the most important in determining the implications of these tools.The lexical significance is a limited and specific indication that.That meaning of tools can't be determined by the lexical meaning ,because the lexical meaning is limited.The significance of performance.Is evident in the context in which it is presented. The contextual meaning is what happens to the word as result of it's coming in different.(contexts).But within the context the tools hasn`t got meaning alone (outside of context) they have meaning inside the context , And I presented in this research to indicate the tools in Zarkashi with the views of previous linguistic and interpreters, The attitude of Al - Zarkashi from them. In showing this tools , then I explained what Al - Zarkashi had left from effect in those who are coming after him

خطاب الامام الكاظم (عليه السلام) : دراسة في ضوء نظريات الحجاج == Speech Of Imam Kadhim (PBUH) A Study In The Light Of Argument Linguistics

Author name: سارة علي ناصر العامري
Supervisor name: قاسم محمد كامل السعيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The argumentative speech is an authority by which speakers use influence and persuation process, it is a linguistic exercise in a deliberative place among the speakers as a claim for the first and intentionally display objection for the second. Each of which use rhetorical techniques to convince the other by his arguments, these techniques are different according to the difference of the situation. Arguments could be logical. Evidentiary arguments may be linguistic or rhetorical arguments, Imam Kadhim (pbuh) pronounced language as a mechanism lingual from the term until to the manner. Argumentative pronunciation has a central significance in the speech of Imam al - Kazim (AS), for earning a semantic power that derived from destination tags for being intensity argumentation to Quranic issues references to it. As the argumentation word in the speech of Imam al - Kazim (As) does not indicate the functional meanings or news only, but it significance is operative orbital literally in the speech. It can be inferred through turn as an employed word within the meaning of the orbital strategy from the lexical meaning to argumentative and deliberative one by these mental requirements. Concerning compositions in argumentative kadhimian speech are evidentiary units which linked indicatively and judicially, by using orbital lack of communication that reach arguments and results formality and semantically. Lack of communication inside have varied in AL - kazimian speech, it has used the conflict to do argumentative function for the first argument and invalidate it or upgrading of weak argument to a powerful one. As well as, argumentative supporting factions which gather supporting arguments for one result, and argumentative reasoning factions that combine justificatory arguments. Also, the arguing image has an important role in the process of arguing and persuading in AL - Kazmi speech. Argumentation image has taken three evidentiary forms which are ( Analogy and argumentative representation), ( Argumentative Metaphor), (Metony my and exposure argumentation). Regarding argumentative techniques, they vary in AL - kazmi speech. They have employed rhetorical techniques as arguing use, including the style of question, as they changed from direct normative style to other argumentative styles, such as problematic question or answering question or justificatory question, in addition to reproaching question for doing arguing purposes that associated with each type from questions. Among other techniques, negation one as a polemical strategy for rejection within multiple forms. AL - Imam has used inclusion and scorching arts as arguing style, so Imam's speech include higher arguments, like a Quranic text and poetry to deduce its authenticity. As well as dialog reproaching which transmit intense arguments indicatively because of mental requirements that rever to it. Concerning logical methods are techniques that designed to demonstrate non - rebuttable and denial. One of these methods is argumentative inference. Imam has been inferred on the credibility of his arguments in Quranic text or wisdom, or in a manner of syllogism, or by induction way, or by argumentative hierarchy. He has also used psychological and methods ways for the purpose of emotional persuasion and influence. He has used argumentative narration (appetitive and intimidating) as a evidentiary prelude to the credibility of the intended addressee in accepting it or intimidate him for not accepting it. As well as, he use catalysts ad valorem, as arguments that attitude based upon it, and belonging catalysts which are oriented towards addressee's emotion to influence him. And by the close, Imam has used all the linguistic capabilities of language starting from word, structure, and image to manner employing it argumentatively for persuading the target audience of different conditions.

النكرة والمعرفة في كتاب سيبويه == The Indefinite And Definite In Sepeway Katab

Author name: نور صباح هادي
Supervisor name: خالد عباس حسين السياب
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The indefiniteness and definiteness are considered a case among others of Arabic language that are used in most grammatical concepts. For each has its own purposes and semantics that the other part does not violate. Thus, the researcher tried to investigate these concepts in which the indefinite and definite are used by Sepeway in his book. The study was divided into three chapters preceded by a preface and followed by conclusion that contains the most important results. The preface mentioned the definitionthe indefinite and definitethe indefinite and definite linguistically and terminologically wherethe most important linguistic concepts were displayed. The first chapter which is entitled ' the definite : number, types, and ranks according to degree of definiteness. It has three sections. The first was about their types and the second displayed their ranks in respect to the definiteness degree. The second chapter came under the title ofthe indefinite and definite the indefinite and definite In the constructed, derivatives, and suffixes. It has two sections. The first was devoted to definitions ofthe indefinite and definite in the constructed, while the second dealt withthe indefinite and definite in the derivatives and suffixes. The third chapter was entitled ' in various grammatical concepts, it has three sections. The first displaysthe indefinite and definitein fronting and its copies. The second displaysthe indefinite and definite in adverbs and accusatives. The third displays the indefinite and definite in the non - conjugated and the numbers. The study reached to the following results : 1.There are two criteria that govern this phenomenon : the formal and semantics.2.The relative nouns are a branch of demonstrative nouns. That's why Sepeway combined them under one title calling the ambiguous nouns.3.Sepeway adopted matching principle between the question and the answer when deciding the whether they arethe indefinite and definite.4.Sepeway devoted fronting only for the definite and admitted fronting by indefinite. This contained by obtaining the benefit.5.Choosing some adverbs to inform certain times does not stand on a semantic base rather its way for predicting.6. The 'tenwean' in the concept of non - conjugated refers to reduction and not on indefiniteness. Finally, I pray Allah the success in order to serve our beautiful language.

الذات والاخر في شعر جميل حيدر == The Self And The Other In The Poetry Of Jamil Haider

Author name: علي حسن عبيد
Supervisor name: مصطفى لطيف عارف الحسيني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The self - concept and the other is not new in human life, it has been found since its existence; evidence is that the first self - represented in God or a Creator who with him and thanks to him the back of the other to exist, and the self does not know her way, but the other terms, and the other to Ishar him only if it is accompanied in terms of self - awareness, between self and the other problem may not be with the cancellation or neglect, as well as determined by the presence of one of them and attending the existence of the other and interact with him, and then the self - word complex assets and concepts rooted in psychology and sociology, philosophy, and the other concept he called colonial or Western and also on the other recombinant or different intellectually or religiously called The importance of the research, the figure Jamil Haider literary was recap the first conventional upstream, a holy city of Najaf, a city that has embraced the poet in the prime of his youth because of seminary study Mkmladtha so many ways, and exchange, and brief him on the collections of the ancients in citations grammatical, all of which has left its impact on the nature of literary taste for this city, which has maintained the old poem vertical model, as Tsmt footsteps of adult Arab poets like Mutanabi and Buhturi and Abu Tammam, which did not limit his poet Jamil Haider, so this study is trying to Tcetknh text extracted from him what he found his way to the self or the other in the beautiful hair Haider. The study was entitled the self and the other in a beautiful Haider felt the desire of the researcher to shed light on the texts Jamil Haider poetic and visibility into existence, and what they have shown considerable benefits poet name to the field of academic studies.The study was orthodoxy in the preface, three chapters, as well as the conclusion and index the contents, and the boot came defined the basic concepts of the self and the other Exposure her language and terminology and the Koran psychological, social and philosophical themes, also addressed the concept of creativity and manifestation to the same poet. The first chapter was titled cultural self - references, has dealt with self - culture and Mahmoladtha complementary literary figure to handle this chapter the issue of the Transfiguration of us how to absorb the poet, religious, literary, historical and inspired by his heritage, was the first section titled religious culture, while the second section was titled literary culture, and it was The third topic under the historical culture address. The second chapter entitled : Diversity poetic of the self and the other between the center and the margin and divided into two sections, to err on the first section of it to the other recombinant with self under the central and the other peripheral self - address, deals with the first demand from the other mystic, while the second requirement has been allocated to another Almnagy, it was a requirement for the third time in the same in this world, while headed the second topic to study the self - centering on the expense of the other to be the first requirement under ego address in self - mirror, and the second requirement was under the self with the other Ghazla similarity of the title, and the third demand of it under the manifestations of self - reflection address, while eating fourth requirement of self - complaint. The third chapter dealt with the issue of multiplicity of other Mqsidith with every theme under the manifestations of the other scripts address, to address the first part of it the other praise, while addressing the second topic the other lament, and it was the third on the other authoritarian manifestations of the title, and the fourth section title was the National the other manifestations of, in while the fifth section title spatial manifestations of the other. The conclusion of the research included the most important findings of the study, the researcher hopes it was way too connected to the text, and helped analyze some Aahath and its symbols, and most important of these results : Self as an interview for another means of human or poet and Mahristit its concepts and animate constitute the other which permits with the right to express it and then compatibility, or disagree with him, and exposure to Mahyate and strategies that affect the self and sharing the same effect, especially since the other is the product of local, Arab and international environment. The other Ghazla has been swinging between the longing to possess the beloved and the symptoms it and exaggeration in wooing her and touch them, but that examines texts for Aikamra doubt that the poet had lived a love story led him to a state of emotional fusion with his beloved, to manifest in his poetry. With regard to the other authoritarian he has laid bare his actions and practices, and ridiculed his methods flimsy in the control of the regime, as people criticized for its silence and in front of the ruling; as God of bread that has no right to one opposition to stand with his face, was indignant at the gratification of people to the practices of the rulers, but not as much outrage on presidents and reckless in their way of managing the country's affairs

الدلالة القرانية عند ابن شهراشوب == The Qur’anic Signification For Ibn Shahrashub

Author name: حيدر عواد رفيج
Supervisor name: جابر محيسن عليوي الركابي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The Qur'anic signification is the signification obtained from the content of the Qur'anic verses, or the knowledge of the legally competent for the sake of which the signification is given to the signifier. Thus, the required provision is considered to be based on the proof set in order to ensure access to the correct meaning and away from the corruption of its opposite by proof, as it ensures the right path of science.Hence, it has been determined, my God be the Arbiter of my success, to study the Qur'anic signification of Ibn Shahrashub for he was among the foremost scholars of Twelve Imamism. That he authored great works is indicative of his prominence in the sciences of the Holy Quran. To this end, the researcher endeavored to pick a route through which he can extract the Qur’anic views of Ibn Shahrashub on explicating and directing the semantics of words, and then to balance them in such a way that paves for acceptance or rejection or weighting and argument - topics that have been reflected in the overall works of Ibn Shahrashob.Based on this perception, the research plan along with its contents was distributed to the study of Ibn Shahrashub’s works and the presentation of those indications that resulted thereof. The research was divided into three Chapters preceded by Preface and followed by Conclusion and a glossary of sources and references. Preface was devoted to the discussion of the Qur'anic signification in approaching between the concept and the term, with a brief introduction to the Sheikh Ibn Shahrashub Al - Mazandrani.Chapter I, entitled "Mental A prioris and its Impact on the Revelation of Signification," contained four topics : "The Mind : It’s Concept, Functions and Provisions," "The Epistemological Tributaries of Ibn Shahrashub," "The Mental Reasoning," and "Ibn Shahrashub's Approach toSummoning Intellectual Evidence. " Chapter II, entitled "Guidelines of Qur'anic Signification and its Mechanisms," is presented in three topics : "The Interpretive Guideline," "The Hermeneutic Guideline" and “The Contextual Guidelines."As for Chapter III, it was entitled, "The levels of Semantic Analysis in Single and Compound word.” It came in four topics : "The True Signification", "The Metaphorical Signification", "The Morphological Signification" and "The Syntactic Signification". It should be noted that the approach adopted in all parts of the study is a descriptive approach based on induction and broad presentations of views, and then reviewed in such a way as to help the reader to distinguishing between the agreed - on and differed - in, with a sole emphasis on the views of Ibn Shahrashub, without been caught in the discussion of all evidence and sub - issues wary of inflationary research.The study benefitted from ancient and modern references and sources, with relying on those that related to the Qur’an and Qur’anic studies. Thus, it is no surprise that the principles of Sheikh Ibn Shahrashub transmitted throughout his book Mutashabih al - Qur'an wa mukhtalifuhu (The Allegorical and Differential in Qur’an) is the basis from which the researcher drew his ideas, plans and treatments in the presentation and analysis, for it is the source in this area as it is an obj

الدراسات السردية في مجلة فصول == Narrative Studies In The Journal Of Fousol

Author name: بلسم خير الله سباهي
Supervisor name: هادي شعلان حمد البطحاوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study entitled (Narrative Studies in the Journal of Fousol) is directed towards the (Journal of Fousol) a peer reviewed and scientific Arab journal and the pioneer in the literary and intellectual criticism.because of the innovative studies of literary criticism in all fields of theoretical and applied monetary and discourse as the Journal did not stop at the type sample of studies, but included a narrative and poetry studies that aimed the researcher of this study to study part of its creations related studies. After a careful reading, we found that the Journal Fousol has published studies in all Critical methodologiy without losing sight of introductory studies for each approach inside the magazine from 199 to 2015 as it repesesents this period of artistic twist and stylistic literary criticism.Criticism has adopted, inside the journal, new contents, methods and curricula updated Besides the contents of the heritage as the narrative studies inside the journal accounted for quite a few which published by the magazine of the studies we have considered to count them in order to stand on the proportion of their existence and the distance they've run inside the magazine; either composed or interpreter is forgetting the monetary effort that already Fousol and its foundational role in the Arab arena of modern curricula.The approach in the study of studies in the journal of Fousol is the curriculum (analytical and statistical) desire to provide a full panel of the issues of the journal and studies as criticism or in the direction of its properties that advantage from others and caused infrastructure and its painted structure, interior and regulations on according to special rules curriculum and required that the division of the study into five chapters preceded by preliminaries and attached by a conclusion. We have dedicated preliminararies to discuss the foundation of the journal and its cultural project.We have dedicated the first chapter to talk about structuralism and its subdivisions( Citations structural and structural formative and Alsame structural and Formalism narrative). Chapter ll deals with studies beyond the text (the receiving, cultural criticism,cultural feminist and identity).Chapter lll deals with techniques and types of feature (intertexteuality and novel educational and police and biography). Chapter IV deals with contextual studies ( historical, social and psychological). The most important conclusion has reached to the findings of the research.

حدائق الحقائق في شرح كلمات كلام الله الناطق للسيد علاء الدين كلستانه المتوفى 1110هـ ـ 1689م الجزء الاول : دراسة وتحقيق == Hadaeq Al - Haqayiq In Explaining The Words Of Allah The Holy Spokesman

Author name: احمد حميد عباس الشكري
Supervisor name: مثنى عبد الرسول مغير الشكري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, God blessings and peace upon ore prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah and his family and companions....After : Whenever I read a study in Nahj Al - Balagha step up impressive into , especially if it is manuscript - an on - going task of scientific value - to remove dust from many of the offspring buried in bookstores under the so - called manuscripts, it does not take such a scientific book However, if it is examined, then becomes a research project for others to Explore, here came from my desire to delve into the world of the investigation, including attendant hidden scientific fruits are harvested when show it to light, as well as my interest in Arab heritage manuscript. And increased my passion over having found that the University Library of Babel lacking for such studies mean the study and investigation of this grew the idea for the study of the first part of the explanation of Nahj AL - Balagha named : (Hadaeq AL - Haqayiq in explaining the words of God the Holy spokesman) of Al - said Aladdin Ksattanh (study and investigation), for what have a high level of knowledge shown by this explanation informs of a work owns A scientific prosperity allows him to go into the words Amir - Almoa'mneen Ali Ibibe taleb ealayh AL - slam , the words of , who can not find his way only involving, or the one who arms himself by knowledge.That this workbook is located in the three parts of eight hundred and fifty pages, was submitted to the Scientific Committee in the language of the Quran section, and after the debate, and the debate has been limited to the study of the first part of the explanation, for reasons including : the magnitude of its size, and that the study does not mean the investigation only, but the study also, and this is something that does not fit in his time for a graduate student in the master's stage, as well as graduate studies on the conditions master's thesis, which makes achieving this explanation , study exceed more than two thousand pages or more, note that the threshold Nahj Foundation Holy Hussein shrine - after coordination with them - took it upon themselves to direct the achievement of the other parts of the explanation comes out in three parts. first part study, achieving the subject of a master's thesis, and then embarked on the Collecting the research material , then I start for searching the manuscripts explanation dispersed between public libraries, private, I faced difficult to find, was to obtain a copy of the manuscript exhaust a long time, especially that of the copied outside Iraq, as well as some of these copies wrote in Persian language. This did not deter, and that difficulty for the follow - up to find the manuscripts explanation, after helping the distinguished, led by Mr. Hussein Jihad, was able to get as much of the existing copies of the investigation according to the research work controls. I acknowledged that , as well as what I mentioned of tired effort to obtain copies of the manuscripts , I had difficulty getting somewhere on the translation of the work ; because of Persian origin, and there is no Arab studies in the field of translations that deal with the conduct of scientists , came to mentioning him to give a vision for his life, and his scientific status , and religious among the pairing of his time, especially is the most famous atheist century scientists, with his compositions exceeding twelve authors distributor of jurisprudence, biography , and explanation, which shows the scientific prestige of the great, these translations came to mentioning are timidly shy , this thereby requiring the researcher to be looking for what has been written with him in Persian , I faced difficult translation, and the difficulty of Finding Uncategorized means in translation especially that stand on the workbook name, and his biography, and his works an important order from the study requirements, and these difficulties did not weaken us for walk - up in search of material this study, for this materiel study that require knowledge of aspects, and study traffic on approach to analytical and descriptive.The study was divided into two categories, allocated the first of them to study, and is located in the preface, five chapters, a special of author's life , showed his name and title, and his family, then his personality made it clear, and culture, and his teachers and his students through his biography, and the date of his death, and his works, If I was able - despite the difficulty of it - to highlight a picture of him as much as , and it helped me by sources. And it held the first chapter titled Author's efforts , and which showed his position and cricitizm his views in his commentary, which is divided between cricitical and penalties, and the sources of its culture, and transportation sources.She spoke in the second quarter for the linguistic detective and divided by three sections, the first Grammar Study As such, the second Arabic language law, the third lexicon.The third chapter kicks the researcher to talk about the science of the Quran, and hadith, and selected in the first three sections dealt with the Quran, and second readings, the Hadith and the third. I devoted the fourth quarter of the interesting Author in history, philosophy, and other sciences, and came on the three sections the first date, and the second philosophy, and the third the other sciences, which highlighted in this chapter Author's concerns of science that formed victuals him in his commentary.The final chapter I makes it to talk about the expressive styles, divided by three sections Me parables first, second and speech , and the third poetry.I have tried in this study to trace what I meant observations I've found in this explanation constituted a positive scientific material, I mean the study, analysis, and made a point here as far as possible not to leave any of them which shows the impact of the objective envisaged in this thesis.The second section competent to achieve annotation, which is based on what I have available manuscripts explanation, and took the best version of themselves according to the imperative reasons for it, was that this explanation came measure performed in the one hundred and forty - one pages.It was my job as reported in preparation in speech and its importance approach, in which we highlighted the most important explanations of famous approach to speech, as well as the reasons and motives stated in his commentary on this approach and also to emphasize the ratio of the author of the work and vice versa, and also mentioned in my points in the investigation.And that was that you definition flags and placements, and related.

البنية الاسلوبية للجنة والنار في القران الكريم == The Stylistic Structure Of Paradise And Hell In Holy Quran

Author name: Ahmad G. Naif Alsaadoon
Supervisor name: عبد الواحد زيارة اسكندر المنصوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Stylistics is born under the shadow of the modern phonological studies and achieves a balance and connection between the distance and the literary distance , bordering its field in studying the literary phenomenon through the phonological entry. It starts from the idea that the expressive context as a unity can be achieved by seueral phonological patterns. Since the stylistics is directed essentially to the expressive text ; and the research in its creativity and wit , and the texts are distinguished by components of the text that prepares for the influence and acceptance in the recepiant. The aesthetic and literary value of the text is not occur except by the options of its tools and expressive methods and it is not separated from it but subordinate to it and rotate in the frame of its machinery. Because of what the stylistics characterized by nonalliance in the view to the text as it is a materialistic entity stands by itself , so the researcher tries to recite this methodology and grasp benefit in understanding the holy Qur'an text especially the scenes of paradise and hell. He also follows what it has of aesthetic values and stylistic features , and expressive features , and reveals the system that governs the grammatical relations with in the holy Quran text “ the scenes of paradise and hell “. The researcher also tries throughout his study of some scenes to uncover some of the features and obscure in other times using stylistic methodology and its linguistic tools by different ways as calculating one time and structural in other times and the alliances and defectives in the third time and imaging in fourth , the articulated bell and tone in fifth time

الهجاء والسخرية في شعر الجزار السرقسطي الاندلسي : دراسة في البنية الموضوعية والفنية == Spelling And Irony In The Andalusian Poetry Gazzar Alsergsti : A Study Of The Structure Of The Substantive And Technical

Author name: صفى صبيح كريم
Supervisor name: خالد لفتة باقر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The Arabic literature has the Spelling and irony , and the Arabic writers gave the importance to the Spelling and irony to take their whole share of literature.The reason behind is that the Spelling and irony are close to the human soul, and are loveable to it, where the humor and irony are matters the create a space amid poetic narrowness. In reality, the poetry is a way that a poet uses to express what he or she feels inside, such as pain or happiness.The introduction showed in its pages that poet lived in the fifth century AH. Even though , it did not mention date of birth neither death.However , that the first chapter of the research has discussed. he looked for motives to create humorous poetry in his poems.These motives could be internal or external motives. The poorness and poverty were internal factors in himself. The external factors were pinted to his opponent Al - Borji, which take much space of his poetry due to a conflict happened between them ,Therefore , he leaned towards humor. He ridiculed his career and his mind by striipping it for science and perfection, it carry a sample in its lingual composition in a text. Then, it is responsible for exciting the reader in one side, and create a poetic picture that can express about the poet,s psychic subconscious mind in other side,making the poetic picture to have the ability to be absorbed by the erceiver and convenient to his ironic expressions.The compositional tendency was important to provide the poem beauty by giving the sayings inspirational measure fits to their lingual position. This allocation was to bound the humorous topics fir his opponent Al - BorJi not another. whereas , he deleted sentences which were their deletion for reasons like embarrass in mentioning some cursing vocabularies.The Stylistic tendency moved up in command , call and question to ensure the activity of directing the critism to a person who he wants to criticize in his poems.then,he come up with metaphorical meanings pointed to his opponent directly emerging a poetic due to these methods which are sharing the texts dy utilizing them physical means realized by senses like vision (color).The color had a dig share in most of his texts such as black , white,and yellow.The color dominated implicitly inside his ironic poems by using vocabularies imply to the color factor,which he appeared directly in other poems.The diagnose based on the age and it had the major part.where he added physical components like a hand and so on.with reference to incarnations, the poet had revive the morale inside bodies moving inside a text to give beauty to the ironic texts,which a reader see when he reads them.The poetic image based satirical in poetry jazzer attribute quotes from the Koran and Hadith, to confirm that poet was abeliever end uncertainty for gloss and include in the xocabulary of koraic of his vereses. Researcher

ظاهرة الاستعمال في كتاب الخصائص لابن جني ت 392 هـ

Author name: ماجد جميل كاظم غيلان الزهيري
Supervisor name: سامي علي جبار المنصوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الضمير في شعر المتنبي : دراسة لغوية == The Pronoun In Al - Mutanabi'S Poetry. (Grantntatical Study)

Author name: كاظم حنون صجم الخفاجي
Supervisor name: علي عبد الفتاح محيي الحاج فرهود الشمري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Al - Mutanaby is a great poet. He lives in the fourth century of The Hijra. e was born in 915 and died in 965. e is well known , worldwide poet in the east and the west. The orientalist. Rejest · Blashir mentioned in his book ( Abu Al - Mutanaby ) many chapterseveral sections. He discussed Al - Mutanay's divan ( collection of poems ) the first chapter among the Arabian ( environment - communities ) in Iraq d in Mesopotamia and in Persia and in beyond river land. In the second hapter it deals with communities of Egypt and Syria. In the third chapter it als with this subject in the Arabian west. In the fourth chapter it handle ith influence of Al - Mutanaby divan in the modern time. In the fourth hapter it discussed the west knowledge of this poet.In a titled chapter undere title ( Al - Mutanaby and the orientalist. was mentioned that Al - Mutanaby's poetry has drawn the attention of the ientalist in the seven century, specially in the year Goliou born( 1656 died 1667 ) has published his poetry. The first one , who has introduce him idely to the west , was ( J.J Reisik ) died in 1774 ) in his book (patterns om the poetic Arabic Art ) is orientalist has published sixteen piece of Al - Mutanaby poetry in the ear 1665 about love poetry and two elegies with Germany translation. So e west knew Al - Mutanabby. This fame and this immortality in the world as justified.here must be many secrets beyond this poetic immortality. This study tries discover the secret of this secrets. It also studies how did the poet used e moved of the Arabian grammar ( the pronoun ) with all its details and Ahe details are as the following ! it is subject in ninety places and its variety is o : it's divided in to two parts ( plain and hidden ). The plain pronoun has o kinds : connected and separated with variety of the receiver , some times o the absent. All this found in two parts ( masculine and feminine ).here were some difficulties faced this research. They are : 1 - Many commentaries for this divan ( collection of poems ). The books and the indexes mentioned 52 commentaries about it. additionally many books deal with this subject (pronoun) in grammar and rhetoric. · he intensivo scientific themes may be a difficulty. For this divan. I've chosen Al - Wahidi commentary for Al - Mutanaby poems , mentioned in the preface.2 - One of the problems that faced the research , may grammar men , refused (reject) that the poet used definite pronouns , in his divan, and in the whole commentary of this divan and he mentioned the grammatical mistakes , for example ( lbn Jiny) , born 392 A.H. in his big explain (Al - Fussin and also Al - Aukbori in ( Al - Tibyan Fi Sharah Al - Diwan).It was necessary to explain the grammatical opinion of this poet. The poet replied to this questions because he was contemporary ( in the same thing) with lbn Jiny. So the privacy of this commentary required that it must be divided in to two chapters. I've made the first chapter in to four sections. They are : 1 - The first : I've studied connected subject pronouns2 - I've studied separated subject pronoun.3 - I've studied the connected object pronouns. ( each chapter contains tworesearches. The first what agrees with the general use ( agree with grammar) The second research what was discussed by grammar men ) The second section was put in three chapters. In the first one I've studied the appearance and the hiding and in it , there are three researches : 1 - Pronoun 2 - separated pronoun 3 - The hidden pronoun.In the second, I've studied the origin of the pronoun (The reference of the pronoun ). In it there are many researches. The definite and the numerous.and what has no reference (origin) , and the reference of the pronoun of the later nounsIn the third chapter. I've studied the meaning of the pronoun and it's influence effect.n researches : satisfaction he masculine meaning ( sufficiency) meaning by singular or double or plural d asking and gives meaning and lengthening the meaning. All this is einforced by poetry examples.1 wish I could find one of immortality secret , of this poet by this study Good is helper

الهدى ومشتقاتها في القران الكريم : دراسة لغوية دلالية == The Guidance In Holly Qur'an Linguistic Study In The Light Of Semantics

Author name: عباس عبد العزيز صيهود
Supervisor name: صيوان خضير خلف المياحي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This Research will be on the basis of modem linguistic study, in which the semantic considered to be a part of it because it the connection tool between the intentional activity of the language and the social activity of it (language) , therefore , the study of the linguistic research has referred in the light of Semantic due to the semantic affect of the interpretation of linguistic phenomena which has so much connection ith the topic of researching in Holly Qur'an , consequently , the study as based on three inseparable main foundations , and they are : Linguistic Study, Semantic and guidance in Holly Qur'an and for at reason I have entitled my research as "Guidance in holly Qur'an, a inguistic study in the light of Semantic". The nature of the research has to led us to divide the research to be onsist of (the preliminary preface, and two chapters; each chapter deals ith one level of language levels , and each chapter divided into three b - researches followed by conclusion and the outcomes of the research. The researcher has found out that, the phonetic level of phonetic tructure of the word ( Hedi) Guidance and phonetic syllables ( reviously & later ) and phonetic extension, have semantic functions that eveal the fact of Guidance in Holly Qur'an. As for morphological level e research showed the connected relationship between morphological level and linguistic context in determine the tense semantic for the Guidance (Hedaia) actions throughout the interchangeable relationship between formulation tense and contextual tense in addition to analyze some linguistic phenomena and the semantic that included in the source of (Guidance) and the derivations represented by participle and deferential verbs. In grammatical level, the research reviewed the connected relationship between grammatical level and semantic in causing the variety of transitiveness of (Guidance) action to its object, and determine the places of omissions and assessments of grammatical structures beside what some letters of meaning indicates of semantics. Some important matters the research reviewed in semantic level are the multi meanings of Guidance in Holly Qur'an and the transmission of those meanings to include other intonation have included in the meaning of (Guidance) and most of these meaningscannot be recognized unless you have to go back to the references of interpretation and some linguistic books.As for the research resources, the researcher depended mostly on ALManhal interpretation of his scientific material beside the phonetic books, morphological, grammatical, semantic books and some academic books. The researcher depends on TransformationalGenerative Approach in his study since the beginning of first level of his study, and this approach has led to shed a light on surface structure of language and then go through the deep structure of the language and then refer to some examples with mentioning their places in Holly Qur'an and put footnotes with their sources. After the this trip of science , I have to say that this humble work is the outcome of efforts and agony of linguistic research and the message which express of something of researcher's attempts in conclusion and connect the linguistic base with semantics and the semantic reflections resulted from that which has semantic affects in the meaning of (Guidance ).These are a primary attempts I have did my best make it correct and right in its implications, and if I have stumbled in my steps, my excuse will be that I am still in the beginning of the road seeking the truth and rightness.

سورة مريم (عليها السلام) : دراسة لغوية

Author name: انوار عزيز جليل الاسدي
Supervisor name: عبد الباسط خليل محمد الدرويش | سليمة جبار غانم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study is entitled " Surat Mariam : A Linguistic study". It has come as a result for what we have taken in our courses of linguistic approaches that covered up structuralism, TGG and syllogistics. Though these approaches \..4.... '.!·"~ a European : ..... ~..... s~i<l>"',they were by origin related to Arab heritag~ in general and to Abu Othman b'i,., Geni, the pioneer of linguistic studies in Arabic, in particular. These approaches help u.i;, to study literary texts on four levels - photentic., morphological, syntactical and Semantic - The study includes four chapters. The First is an introduction. It tackles the reason behind having " Mariam'' as a title for a complete ''Surat" in the Holy Quran it also deals with its prologue focusing the number of verses it incorporates in proportion to all verses in the Holy scripture.The second chapter tackles the phonemic impact on : ( 1) the Quranic ethythm, (2) the conveyance of meaning through the repetition of a letter, a word or a phrase, (3) the intonation of single words in relation to other words in context.Also, it highlights the significance of verse endings not only for meaning but very ' Surat'. The chapter finds out a relationship between words in their verbal forms and their meanings Chapter Three incorporates three sections. The first stresses themorphological structures of the Quranic vocabulary and their impact on differences in meaning...The second handles the semantic differences among lexicons focusing 'synonyms' as a case - study. It finds out1the Quran employs its lexions semantically in a miraculous way. The third section studies what is termed as " foreign lexicons" in the Quran. It concludes that the foreign in the Quran is what is alien to the features of Arabic language.Chapter Four deals with the relationship of syntax to semantics. It seeks account for all variations in word order, repetition or ellipsis or the use or non - use of definite or indefinite articles etc.... The chapter also attempts to elaborate on the use of'statements' in relation to the repetition of the letter 'Waw' (i.e, 'and'). It also emphasizes the significance of "brevity", circumlocution and agreement as features that go beyond stylisticsand medicine.

الفروق الدلالية في الاسلوب القراني

Author name: حسين عودة هاشم
Supervisor name: فاخر هاشم سعد الياسري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The Quranic text is characterized by its brilliant composition and precise choice of words. It has its own manner by which it challenges what the Arabs were exellent in. Since then up to now, the Quranic style has been for a considerable study and meditation when the jurist, these jurisprudent, and the linguist have tend tn irrigate themselves from its sweetness in an attempt to contemplate 011 the distingnishcd connotations of its various manner. The linguists have been reflecting on the iilimitability and rhetoric nature of Holy Quran through using accurate vocabulary items or excellent formation of its installation in an endeavour to justify the intended significance of these marvelous points in spite of their efforts to get the semantic purpose but there was barely an uuanimous concept to happen among the schlars of the Qunrnic text not to reach to an access of the peremptory Quranic text and the real secrets behind using certain structure rather than the other or select an item instead of the other, so this study is bascdon the views of the former semantic meanings of the items and tl1eir occurrence in the context attempting to offer an opinion or to render an idea concerning the the idea of the Quranic Rhetoric through chosing a procedure based on semantic differentiation rising from thevarious Quranic style in a certain context rather than the other considering all Iinguistiv tendencies beginning from Al - Sufy to Al - Mu'jamy and this what distinguish this study from the previous ones. It comprises four sections : section one deals with the semantic discriminativity on the phonetic level through two ways; the first studies sound inside the item structure and the other investigates the comma differences because of its different places.In section two, studies the semantic differences on the level of Morphology through studying the aspect and its divergences such as replacement, suffires, elision, and the study of masculine and feminine forms. Section three is about the semantic distinction on the structured level concerning sertences ellipsis, mentioning , structured deviation, and the contertual ~'.~~~~~ally, section four deals with this aspect or semantics on t~e li~fof·.··d1.~ ·.'.i··t· ~ •. m. si~ficance in the Qnranic text divided into two parts : nomm3[,ablvrrbal a.n~#'arc followed by the results of the study.

الغزل الحضري في العصر الاموي عند الدارسين المحدثين : دراسة نقدية == Urban Love Poetry In The Ommaiyed Age Among Modern Scholars

Author name: ميسون محمد عبد الواحد
Supervisor name: نضال ابراهيم ياسين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: he research is a critical study of "Urban Love Poetry in the Ommaiyd ge among Modem Scholars". It is a study of a general human subject ecific to a certain age, i.e. "Ommaiyd Age".It studies a special manner of love poetry, "Urban Love Poetry". It s determined by a spatial determinant which is the poets of Mecca and edineh.The poets include Omar lbn Abi Rabei'a, Al'rjee, Al Ahuas, and Al Harith Al Makhzumi. Although Omar has been studied a great deal ; the other poets have been studied in a very limited way. Most of these studies focused on the social, historical and political sides. Few or them tackled the artistic side, namely the critical one.Departing from this nation, the research plan includes an introduction, a preface, three chapters, conclusion, bibliography, and an abstract in English.The introduction first contains a theoretical entry to the Urban Love Poetry. It second studies the manners of Love Poetry in the. Ommaiyed Age : the virgin love poetry, the Urban Love Poetry, and the · traditional one. Third, the purpose behind the critical study of the Urban Love Poetry discourse in the Ommaiyed Age among modem scholars is clarified.The first chapter entitled "Urban Love Poetry in the Ommaiyed Age among Modem Scholars" (concept - the causes of currency and popularity - subjects) consists of three sections. In the first section, the axis of the concept of love poetry is studied. In the second section, the axis of currency and popularity is studied. The subjects of the Urban Love Poetry is studied in the third section. The second chapter entitled "Stylistic Features of the Urban Love Poetry among Modem Scholars" includes three sections as well. In the first section, the language of the love poetry is studied. The linguistics styles are studied in the second section. In the third section, the image in the Urban Love Poetry is studied.As for the third chapter entitled "The Fictive Features of the Urban Love Poetry among Modem Scholars", it contains three sections. In the first section, place is tackled. In the second section, time is tackled.Character, plot, and poetic dialogue are studied in the third section.As for the method of the critical study, it departs from a common trend called "Criticism of Criticism". This trend adopts the criteria of eclecticism, exposition, disclosing and analysis, documenting poetic texts, criticism of explanations and critical analyses, and critical evaluation. In the conclusion, the research uncovered that most of the opinions of critics have been inaccurate and slightly subjective. These opinions depended on classical sources like Al Aghani that contain recants that are in need of much checking and documenting. Besides, the view of the modem scholars of love poetry and its kinds need to be revised critically. The research uncovers that much of Omar Ibn Abi Rabei'a, Al'rjee, Al Ahuas', and Al Harith's poetry totally hold a mild meaning of love poetry that is to some extent of the extremely eccentric and the extremely obscene. The poetry of these poets corresponds with the spirit of their age and putatively imitates the preIslamic poetry.B

مطولات الشعر العربي الحديث رثاء الامام الحسين عليه السلام انموذجا من 1900 - 1960 م : دراسة في المضامين الموضوعية والبناء الفني

Author name: وليد جميل خفي العكيلي
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: a structure depending on growing units similar to the techniques of fictional structure. Also, the elegy for those poets was limited to the pure elegy ailns the tnost important feature of these long tragic poems during this period is that it was a conservative literature and a container of revolutionary iinplications : religious, historical, psychological, and political. As for the poetic language, the long tragic poem had artistic features which 1nade it more influential in the readers through the mass use of religious expressions suiting the elegy intention which aims to show sadness and weeping for affecting the passions of the readers. Concerning nai11es of famous people and setting, of.course, the natnes of Imam Hussein was the first among those fr1mous people. The researcher finds out that these long tragic poems have a lot of prominent stylistic features used by the poets for affecting listeners and attracting their attentions. They implied orders, vocations, and questions. The poets also used speech repetition with all of its types.As for rhythm, the poets tended to use meters such as Al - Raml, Al - khafif, Al - Basitc, Al - Tawil, and Al - Wafir Al - Mutakarib Concerning rhyme, the poets were divided into two sides : the first who uses one rhy111e only with the letters (111, b, and L) systemas a rhyme of same Jong tragic poems. The poetic i1nage in long tragic poems was divided into two types : static and Dynamic iinage. While the beginning in long tragic poems was on two trends : the first which has direct aim. The second which has beginning. Firally, the long tragic poems in Imam Hussein during that period was very expressive about its stage and relevant to the culture of that era. They implicate the historical events andstarting from the baUk of karhala lo c111body the reflecting situation or s11ch horrible event. Then, ii makes this battle a lightening point and a high !lag embodying a greatest sacrifice and most sacred martyrdom produced by a man and being as a sacrifice to hisrdigious beliefs and courage.

الشعر السياسي في الاندلس عصر بني الاحمر من 635 - 793 هـ : دراسة موضوعية وفنية == Political Poetry In Andalus During The Age Of Bani Al·Ahmar 5 A. H.To 793 A.H : A Thematic And Artistic Study

Author name: دريد عبد الجبار شمال كنعان
Supervisor name: نضال ابراهيم ياسين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: - e present study deals with the political poetry in the age of B n1 Al - Ahmar (635 to 793.A.H.). It investigates the artistic char teristics of this poetry due to the i1nportance of this period in t history of Muslin1s in Andalus (Spain). Some Arab pnn s of Bani Al - Ahrnar could establish an Arab Isla111ic state that ould stand in the face of its enemies and maintain the Islai · c identity of Andalusfor a bout two and a half centuries.he study falls into two parts. Part one tackles the objective (the atic) features of the political poetry of the age. It is divi d into six chapters : appraisal ; elegy ; satire , complaint , and eseech , war poetry , help - asking poetry , and pridepoetart two sheds light on the artistic character is tics of the. It is divided in to three chapters : Lanuage and style image , and artistic structure.ome of the important findings of the study are : itical appraisal was the most common type of poetry in e under study ; ts of the age had renewed the glorification of moral and e values ·vhich the kings and ministers of Bani Alwere characterized by ; ect political satire and criticism to the princes of Bani disappeared because most poets were part of the al structure of the Nasri state; r poetry was prevalent in the age due to the numerous H lp - asking poetry depicted the catastrophes of Andalw th age of Bani Al - Ahmar and before that; P de poetry represented a reflection of the speciality of e e which required every cling to be resolved and brave ; T Language of appraisal , elegy , satire , complaint , se h help - asking , and pride poetry was clear and simple rh eas war poetry included some strange words ;Political poetry was full of political terms and words 1 dicating religion , history and other disciplines.Poetic i1nages depicted various aspects of the political life fthe age.The sources of such images varied. Some of these Sources re the Holy Quran , Arabic folklore , Andalusian ' nvironment and the poets own education as well.Kings , political appraisai poems were multi - purpose.The opening lines of political appraisal poems varied in erne into love , nature and relics description , and wine. ostly , they were very pertinent to the themes of the olitical appraisal. Elegies started with mentioning the fluence of losing the dead person on people or started with wisdom.So did elegies on cities , pride , beseech , and mplaint poetry took the form of short stanzas , while satire as distributed into verse lines , stanzas , or whole poems. ar poetry took the form of poems or parts of poems mbined with political appraisal or elegiac parts. So were Ip - asking poetry. Poets were successful in making ernatic unity in their multi - purpose porns. The study is an attempt to keep the memory of those aders who left us more than a single memory that mortalized the Islamic Arabic existence in the Andalusian ninsula.

الاقتباس والتضمين في نهج البلاغة : دراسة اسلوبية == The Quotation And Implementation In Nahjul Balaga

Author name: كاظم عبد فريح المولى
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis is entitled " quotation and implementation in Nahjul Balaga" The holy Quran Hadieth , the old Arabic poetry and proverbs are considered as a source for the writers and poets along the time. And "Nahjul Balaga " is one of them. It is considered as the most important example in making use of such sources , because the huge amount of quotations and implementations it contains.The quotations and implementations are used in " Nahjul Balaga " in two different ways ; direct and indirect ways. It is easy to understand the first one but it is difficult to attribute the second one.The way of the quotation and the implementation , Al Emam uses , shows his great ability in memorizing and the good handling of analyzing the texts.The thesis is divided into two parts : The first is entitled as " The quotation in Nahjul Balaga " and the second is " implementation in Nahjul Balaga ". Each one has three chapters The first chapter is allotted to show the kinds of both the quotations and mplementations. The second chapters sheds lights on their functions. The third one deals with the characteristics of each kind.All this is done after an introduction about the linguistic and idiomatic meanings of the quotation and the implementation and the relationship between them and the modern theory of the text. At the end the researchers conclude the important findings andthere is also a bibliography for the books and journals adopted in this study It is a simple attempt to serve our Arabic tradition and to be one of those who tried to do so.At the end I have to thank all those who read , correct , comment and translate the work. Thank you and God bless you

الاختيار في النحو العربي == Selection In Arabic Grammar

Author name: عبد الحسين حسن جاسم السويطي
Supervisor name: سالم يعقوب يوسف السلمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Basris&#39; gran1111arians started structuring up their gran1n1atical rules by selecting Snatches of people speeches and texts , looking for the con11non ties that gave gra1nn1ar sources.Consequently, grain1nar en1erged representing a side of Arabic paroles showing cognitive features.A after a p eriod of time , they gathered their linguistic 1naterials so as to put their hand on dialectological difference in Arabic. This process led to the emergence of new gra1nn1ar aspects such as interpretation and explanation in hope that they would attain a sortof concord with the construction of gran1n1ar structures and all that construct with then1 as regard to people talk exchange and texts. As a result philosophical and logic standards ca1ne into being , showing their difference in the viewpoint involved gran1n1atical issues. Such differences developed so greatly that they led to the existence of different groups of gramn1arians ,the enlargen1ent ofgra1n1natical studies so that new trends in Arabic gran1n1ar broke through.For exan1ple the kophian gn. : in1n1arian kept pace on to find out gra1nn1atical nonns which would attain their role in the building up of the language. Taking part their Basries colleagues in that construction but they were district in certain features , a n1atter wht h 111ade the111 take different way in bui I ding up so111e of jud e1nent.As regards to the general trends in the study of grair inatical selection in both Basries and Kupha schools, I havedev ted two chapters of n1y research with an introduction, based on · int preting and explaining son1e aspects of the selection, where I dw 11 the establisl11nent of gran1n1ar and its influence on the d~ elopn1ent of the selection and its relationship with gra111n1ar rules dding light on the issue of gran1111atical differentiation and its ru1 sin the enlargement of the grain111atical selection due to various vi~· point and its being well - known subject in the circles of archers in both Basrah and I

مطالع الموشحات الاندلسية : دراسة تحليلية فنية == Andulsian Terza Rimas Technical Analysis

Author name: وفاء عبد الحسين فليح
Supervisor name: خالد لفتة باقر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Andulsian terza rimas are dominated by subjects of liquor , courtship and nature depiction. This study investigates and analyzes the artistic image in the prelude of the terza rima and the rhetorical types that reflect this image. The study is made of an introduction and three chapters. in the introduction , the researcher reviews the concept of image both in language and in terminology for the traditionalists and the modernists. Chapter one consists of two sections : section one studies the psychological significance in the artistic image where as the second section deals with the social and national Significance of this image. chapter two completed the previous one in that it tackles the elements of the artistic image in the Andulsian terza rima. It is made of two sections , the first section shows the element of place in the artistic image. the second section illustrates the sensual and mental images. Chapter Three is an artistic analysis of the preludes in the terza rimas. It contains three sections. The first section analyzes terza rimas of courtship and liquor , the second analyzes those of nature depiction where as the third one analyzes terza rimas of eulogy and elegy. The study made use of various references of literature , linguistics and rhetorics in addition to biographies in both meghreb and Levant.

شعر مجيد الموسوي : دراسة في المضامين والبنى الجمالية

Author name: هيثم كاظم صالح
Supervisor name: صدام فهد طاهر الاسدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This research is dealt with "Poetry Of Majeed Al - Mousawy : A udy In Contexts And Aesthetic Structure". The research focus hile study the contexts on the phenomenon that stem in poetry, ch as (Anxiety, Loss, Duality of Life and Death, and Humanizing kJture). Also it explained in details the study of each henomenon. While the aesthetic structures had consisted on the ost significant structures that stated in the poetry of Majeed Al - ousawy, such as : Structure of Language, Figures/ Symbol, Music, rmation structure. It commenced with a preface which dealt with the biography the poet and his most important cultural fountains. Then the search went on in Its division when it consisted of two parts each consisted of two chapters and also each consisted of two · ctions. The first Is : (The Contexts) it has two chapters. Where the earcher paid attention to the significant phenomenon which med the contexts such as : the First section is the Anxiety and its nches and the second section is Loss and its branches (Loss in ildhood, in Nature, etc... ). The second chapter of the first part is e First section The duality Life and Death : and the second tion is the humanizing Nature.) if explores the spread of anxiety 1 enomenon in huge space In his poetry.The second part is (Aesthetic Structure). started with the first apter which is It also consisted of two chapters. Each chapteronsisted of two section. The first section of the first chapter is : Language). This section is dealt with the most important effects at formed the language of the poet, and his own lexicon. Also it. vealed the phenomenon and language styles that played a role n formation of his lexicon. And the second section is entitled Figure/ Symbol). It dealt with two types of figures of Speech in oetry : they are (Fixed Figure, the Mobile Figure). Explaining their gn in the poem formation. While Symbol. The researcher dealt Ith two types. They are (Religious Symbol, and Heritage Symbol).he research revealed also how the poet exploited the sign of mbol taking it away of its real sign. Research explained how the et success in this taking away. The symbol didn't came in his etry arbitrary or irrelevant, rather it came in harmony and flow hile reading.The second chapter is consisted of two sections. The first is usic ). It dealt with the external music for the poem (Rhythm, eter). When researcher paused at some meters, then moved into e study rhythm and what it included of intruded or unify rhythm.also came across the poems of the poetic sentences and their ns and how the poets exploited the internal elements that riched him and made him pout away the rhythm. The second ction is (Formation). It revealed the components of the Aesthetic cture such as (Texts' Titles, Prologues, Organic Unit, and the Hogue) The researcher has get some conclusions that where indulged 1fhe end of the research under the title of (Epilogue).

الصورة البيانية في نهج البلاغة

Author name: علي فرج نعمة
Supervisor name: جبار عودة بدن الشحماني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The book of Nahj Al - Balagha (The Way of Eloquence) for Imam Ali is considered one of the remarkable books; it is the words of the most eloquent among the Arab after the Prophet Mohammed. It includes many eloquent parts deserve that the researchers should stand over each part of it to be his or her own field of study, and I as a researcher hoped to have one of these parts to be my field of study to get the master degree in Arabic L4 : 111g.11agc.And in spite of the diflicultics I just encountered to deal with the texts of that holy book which requires both big knowledge and wide culture, in the favor of God and the consultntion and support of my teachers I overcome all of these.This research included five chapters and a conclusion. I discussed in the first chapter resources of the exphmative image in' Nahj Al - Bah1gha such ;1s the religious resources lilw Holy Qunm, the Prophet Sayings, the cultural resources like poetry and proverbs, and environment both natural and social.In the second chapkr I disl·ussctl the simihirily inrngc in lhat book on both sides syntactic and semantic. lu the third chapter I discussed the I urnge of Allegory and I only dealt with the main categories which arc declarative, metaphoric and scenic. Cllaptcr four has been allocated for studying the metaphoric image and I divided it into two parts : the fist is discussing the metaphoric image through the syntactical structure while the second is for studying it through words structure.In drnpl!!r five I discussed the scmanlic functions of lhc explanativc image in the Nahj, such as cxagg;cnition, bi'icfing, IJ" : wiifil : Mion, ;wd uglification. And I concluded this thesis with a summary for the most important results I reached to.The journey of the researcher with Nahj Al - Balagha was interesting an tough in the same time, through which he ma<le a precise in<luction for th resources which <lcalt with that book, but the difficulty in the subject of thi stu<ly comes from the resources which arc not available in our libraries als0 the fact that its material is disseminated in most of the libraries which arf not accessible. IAmi finally, I would like to express my gratitu<le to my teacher, Doct~r Jabb<ll" Auda Bidan who would never have be~n h~sitat~d to read ti1·~ chapters of this thesis and correct its stumbles, may God IJless him. Also I would like to thank Doctor Falih Hamed Ahmed whom I first started o work with this thesis. Also I need to thank everybody who gave me a haild an<l I can nut forget my teachers in the department of Arabic Language /n both E<lucation aml Arts Colleges. J, And conclusion, I do hope that I could succeed to give this subject its o 11 right from study and research, and I <lo not assume completeness for 1 1y work because it is only for Allah whom I always invoke and rely on.

ايات التوحيد والقدرة في السور المكية : دراسة دلالية بلاغية == Verses Of Monotheism In The Meccan Suras Of The Holy Quran : A Semantic Rhetorical Study

Author name: محســن طاهــر اســكندر
Supervisor name: عبد الحسين المبارك
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This research aims at introducing a view to investigate the linguistic and rhetorical styles and their value in the suras under study through realizing their explicit artistic and linguistic elements , analyzing and exploring the secrets of the underlying inherent beauty in their linguistic structure and rhetorical construction. The approach adopted in this study depends on analyzing the samples and components of the rhetorical and linguistic discourse. The study is theoretical and analytical. lt also investigates the rhetorical styles in syntax as necessitated by the subject so as to infer the extent of agreement between what linguists and rhetoricians determine as rules and principles on one side and the linguistic and rhetorical actuality of the texts of the suras under study on the other. This study is made of an introduction and four chapters. The introduction explores the concepts of verse in language and in terminology and of classifying the suras into Meccan and Madania. Chapter one discusses the semantic level of the lexeme in a way to reveal its essential meaning and features. Chapter tow highlights the level of the narrative structure the topic of the narration clause. Here ,the researcher shows the types and linguistic displacement of the structure, the concept of the clause , classifying clauses into nominal and verbal elements and places of the predicate in the sentence and finally what may come upon the sentence concerning citing and deletion, postponement and advancement and rhetoric's of emphasis. Chapter three linguistic styles Rhetorical First Section : The is about the linguistic styles (paragraph)request style : (Interrogative , Order, Negative , and Appeal).Second Section : Rhetorical Styles. It sheds light on the artistic imagery like similarity, metaphor and metonymy.

دلالة التعدية واللزوم في التعبير القراني

Author name: سعيد ابراهيم صيهود القطراني
Supervisor name: فاخر هاشم سعد الياسري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: the meaning. The most important form of intransitive structures is describing the sense on resurrection.The third chapter deals with suggestion denotations between transitive and intransitive in community structures and its different meaning.Thus I hope that I am succeeding in presenting a tiny effort to serve the Holy Mighty Quran. If I succeed that is from glory Allah help that he is given to whom he wishes, and if I am not, it is very reliving that I do my all best.Finally I thank Allah for everything and peace upon our prophet Mohammed bin Abd - Allah.Since, it is a wide subject to deal with, this dissertation falls into three main chapters, it is preceded by preface and followed by the main conclusion of the study in the preface the researcher deals with the suggestive denotation from linguistic view points as it is a partial part in the study. And it’s the base of the study subject. The first chapter is divided into three section ,the second chapter is divided into two sections, but the third chapter without any sections.The first chapter consists of three sections the first one study the transitive structure and the different denotations in the Quran expression. Concerning the second section, the researcher yields the denotation from structure perspective (emitting, forwarding and delaying). The research concentrate on the transitivity in Quran. The intransitive of subject and object reflects the coherence in Quran text and the strength of the expressions that coordinated with other elements of the structure. For example there is only subject and there is object. Whereas the third section deals with indirect transitive in the Quran expressions and its denotation inside the Quran text. Quran uses the letters very precisely as it puts a letter in a correct place, there are transitive verb by themselves ones or by a transitive letter sometimes. And there are verb become transitive by a letter within a context and another text. So each verb has it denotations, whereas the second verb reflects intransitive meaning of the Quran meaning. Therefore it is put in two sections : the first one is specified for presenting the denotation meaning of the intransitive structures across Quran expressions, whilst the second one deals with structural meaning of intransitive verbs, as the structures a reflection onThis study is about (The Suggestive Denotation To The transitive And Intransitive In The Quran Expression) ,and there is no secret that the search in holly Quran is very difficult because its deal with texts created by glory Allah, that's every word in strong structure , however every letter in it put in the appropriate place then no other letter can put instead of other one, And that's the secret of its power.Maybe from the reconciliation and good luck to search in the book of glory Allah, and this need to try hard and more followed, then my master Dr. Fakher Al - Yassiry refer to study (The Suggestive Denotation To The Transitive And Intransitive In The Quran Expression), thus there was double feeling in my soul between fear and worry to study the book of glory Allah, because there is difficult come from studied the suggestive denotation in the Quran expression, and that don't interest in the external things ,but search in suggest denotation in simples and marks - more of this - that subject don’t control to stable ,constant rules and no one standard in Quran expression, that maybe transitive come in intransitive form, and the intransitive come in transitive form.The importance of subject is come from it's study what suggest of denotation from simples and marks, so, the subject is study the structure and its picture inside the Quran text ,then its study the building structures and his appropriate with the other structures, then study denotation of all this in clearing the suggestive denotation.

جهود الدكتور محمد احمد الدالي في اللغة والنحو وتحقيق التراث اللغوي == Efforts Of Dr.Mohammed Ahmed Al - Dali In Language, Grammar, And Achieving The Linguistic Heritage

Author name: ضياء جخير كاظم اللامي
Supervisor name: سامي علي جبار المنصوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The study tackles the life of one of the outstanding figures in modern period and his Efforts of Dr.Mohammed Ahmed Al - Dali in language, grammar, and achieving the linguistic heritage, since he was well known for his verification. He was a great verifier without doubts. Also, he was a linguistic critic of Arabic language. Therefore, he had a lot of achievements in verification reached to fifteen books. Also has a lot of research papers and articles reached to forty - five various magazines in Arabic homeland. The study falls into introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction surveys Mohammed Ahmed Al - Dali's life and his works. Chapter one "Al - Dali's linguistic efforts" consists of three sections. The first section tackles morphological phenomena, linguistic aspects studied by Al - Dali. The section shows his opinion of syntax of the language. The third section reveals his linguistics criticism and his opinion of vernacular and dictionaries. Chapter two "His study of syntax" is divided into three sections. The first section is devoted to studying his scientific character. The second section discusses Al - Dali's syntactic representation. The third section is about syntactic criticism. Chapter three analyze verification and its criticism. The study ends with a conclusion, which reveals the findings of the study, reveals his scientific character distinguished his effort, in Arabic language and culture. Dr. Al - Dali is known for his interest in linguistics, syntax, and verification due to his position as a professor at Damascus University and a member in Syrian Arabic academy. His contributions were (varied between linguistics, syntax, text verification and criticism. His studies and research were published in academic scientific magazines. He also had a prominent presence in scientific conferences and seminars.

التفكير الدلالي عند ابن هشام الانصاري

Author name: مخلد جبار سلطان
Supervisor name: حسين عودة هاشم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The Semantic subject can be consider as one of the most important subjects in linguistics. With it, grammar earns value. Ibn Husham is one of the famous linguistics. According to Ibn Husham, semantic was a clear and wide subject and it is one of those subjects that I liked a lot during my preliminary studying period. I consulted the specialist and discussed it with my supervisor who encouraged me so I decided and trusted in God to go ahead with this subject. The research comes with three chapters proceeded by a preface and followed by a conclusion. In preface, I meant with the semantic thinking and I simply pointed to the life of Ibn Husham Al - Ansary and then mentioned something about the Arab heritage. Then I discussed the semantic studies of Ibn Husham that can't be inserted in the chapters that followed the preface. The first chapter was of three studies proceeded by foreword that dealt with his criticism spirit, his style and how widely he was in criticism. I specialized the first study to the explainers' criticism, the second to the grammarians' and the third to the jurists'. The second chapter was about semantic interpretation of Ibn Husham and it was - like the first chapter - of three studies. The first study was meant with the inclusion, the second with the deletion and the third with reverse morphology. The third chapter was about the semantic guidance. In the preface of this chapter, I mentioned something about the meaning of the expression in language and terminology and also mentioned something about the its benefit. In the first study - of the third chapter - I specialized it to the guidance of what has a relation to the expression. The second study to the guidance of what doesn't have a relation to expression in which I discussed the resumption and links. After I have finished the the three chapters, I concluded the research with the conclusion that I have got through my inspection and looking for. Then - after the conclusion - I have written down the sources and the references that I used to complete the research. At the end, I have to say that this research is a humanitarian effort done by the researcher with scientific and material potentials that he has got. If what has come through this research deserves praise so thank for God for that and if not, the researcher did his best. I said what I have already said, if my work was right so it is from God and if its not that is because of me and the devil.

منهج التستري في شرح الالفاظ في كتابه بهج الصباغة في شرح نهج البلاغة == Al - Tustery’S Approach Of Utterances’ Explanation In His Book (Bahj Al - Sebagheh At The Explanation Of Nahj Al - Balagheh

Author name: بتول طالب كاظم الحسين
Supervisor name: مرتضى عباس فالح السلمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study deals with the approach of Tustery concerning the explanation of utterances in his book (Bahj Al - Sebaghedat the Explanation of Nahj Al - Balagheh).The current study aims at showing and revealing the approach used by the commentator at his explanation and processing of utterances.The study consists of an introduction stating the general frame of the subject matter in details.Then, the first chapter that consists of two sections, the first section includes the author’s life, his name, descent, birth, scientific development, brought up, scholars, immigration, scientific and religious activities, death, and his printed and hand - written works.The second section deals with the book (Bahj Al - Sebagheh at the Explanation of Nahj Al - Balagheh) in terms of the reason of using such title, reason of authorship, divisions and arrangements, way of explanation, as well as citation of texts from Nahj Al - Balagheh. The second chapter consists of two sections, the first section is dedicated to deal with the Tustery’s Approach concerning the display of utterances, methods of utterances ‘explanation, reasoning meanings and arrangements of utterances, as well as references relied upon. The second section deals with the evidences of Tustery Quranic evidences, Prose evidences, and Poetic evidences, respectively.Finally, Chapter 3 consists of two sections. The first of which is entitled “denotational connections” being dedicated for four issues; verbal common joints, oppositeness, synonymy, and the Arabized. The second section is entitled “denotational change of utterances”. It deals with the change and development of utterances’ denotations in terms of three cases; denotation generalization, denotational specification, and denotational transfer. Having passing through all that account, the conclusion comes last. It displays the most important results of the study. The current study ends with the list of references befitting the researcher during the course of study.Researcher

الاخر في الخطابة العربية الاسلامية حتى سنة 132هـ == Simulation Of The “Other” In Arabic - Islamic Oratory Until 132 A.H

Author name: اثير حميد محمد
Supervisor name: نضال ابراهيم ياسين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: In modern academic writing we need to open doors on our legacy henceforth we decided to write on the other in Arabic - Islamic oratory until 132 A.H. since it has sufficient data to be studied. Working with the cultural criticism means overcoming the aesthetic vision that dominated for a long time and dealing with the text as structure related to cultural structuralism affected by the cultural authority. The “other” is a topic which is part of the cultural criticism that reveals the intertextuality in the texts which in tern reveals the consciousness of the sender and receiver. Although there are many studies that deal with Arabic oratory, but the approach we adopt is totally different. We consulted so many history books and Islamic books in order to arrive at the exact meaning of the text and the connotations of the context of situation. Accordingly, the study falls into introduction, three chapters and conclusion. The introduction displays the necessary terminology which the dissertation is based on like : the other, simulation and oratory. We depended on some references and the opinion of some authorities and the way these terms are employed by modern writers. Besides, the Quraanic usage is also adopted. Chapter One deals with the other in the oratory of the prophet (pbuh) and his companions. It consists of four sections. The first tackles the Muslim Other , whereas the second tackles the woman. The thirs deals with the believer for which we chose Abu Bakr Al - Sadeeq where the fourth section is devoted to the other who is consistent with the prophet(pbuh). The second part is devoted to the public other. We recognized that the prophet(pbuh) dealt with the other equally. People have no favorism except in loyalty. He uses very easy expressions and structures. Chapter Two covers the opponent in the oratory of Imam Ali(pbuh). Section one deals with his followers ho refrained from Jihad. Section two deals with the opponent other in the oratory of Imam Hassan (pbuh) and Imam Hussein(pbuh). Section three displays the topic in the thought of Khawarij. Whereas section four deals with the opponent in the oratory of Al - Hajjaj. What is remarkable in this period is oratory has a Hajjaji style due to conflicts and clashes. Chapter Three durveys the levels of the other. It falls into three sections. The first one shows the oratory from superior to inferior. It includes advice and guidance, threat and political, religious and administrative guidance from the Caliph to the public. Section two deals with the match. The first part tackles the political match. Part two tackles the social match. Whereas the third part covers the religious match which is characterized by an easy going style since the addressee is a match. The second section is devoted to oratory from inferior to superior. It is divided into three parts. Part one deals with sympathy and appeal. Part two deals with challenge. Part three deals with counseling and preaching which is characterized by being calm.

الدلالة الصوتية في دراسة البيان القراني عند المحدثين == The Acoustic Significance Of The Qur'anic Elucidation Books Of : Modernist Study

Author name: دعاء جواد كاظم
Supervisor name: صيوان خضير خلف المياحي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The aim of this study entitled " The acoustic significance of the Qur'anic elucidation books of : modernist study" to show one side of the elucidation study of the Qur'anic study which is the acoustic side and its significance. The study consists of three chapters proceeded by an introduction that showed the reason behind choosing this research and the outline of the study then a preface explained the definition of the Qur'anic elucidation, its roots, and its main scientist. Chapter one explained in details of the acoustic consonance utterance. It contains three sections entitled; consonance suffusion, consonance deletion, and consonance of acoustic simulation. Chapter two studies the structural acoustic consonance and it also consists of three sections; structural repetition, parallelism, and alliteration. the third chapter deals with the significance of ultra structural acoustic consonance and its three section tackled; the syllable, intonation, and the Qur'anic bar.finally the conclusion showed the main results of this research and ended with the references.

المدارس الصوتية عند العرب : النشاة والتطور == Schools Of Phonology In Arabic : The Rise And Development

Author name: علاء جبر محمد الموسوي
Supervisor name: عبد الله احمد الجبوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله حمدا كثيرا وسبحان الله بكرة واصيلا، والصلاة والسلام على رسوله الذي ارسله بالحق مبشرا ونذيرا وشاهدا وهاديا وسراجا منيرا، وعلى اله الذين اذهب الله عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا. وبعد : فالصوت ظاهرة طبيعية،تستلزم وجود جسم في حالة اهتزاز او تذبذب،وهذه | Ancient Arab scholars spent invaluable efforts within the area of Arabic phonology. These efforts prove that such scholars are fully aware of the nature of sounds and the speech organs which were accurately described. Laws and rules for sounds were set up and the relationship between these sounds were shown. These efforts and contributions are easily recognized by Abualaswad Al - Dwali's self - observation and Al - Khalil Bin Ahmed's classification of speech sounds. The latter described speech sounds from an articulatory point of view which had laid the foundation for a school called lexical phonology. In addition Sibawaihi classified Arabic speech sounds in terms of place of articulation. Such a classification gave rise to what is called the grammarians' school of phonology.It is beyond dispute that the subfields of Arabic linguistics are interrelated to one another and to the Glorious Quran. It is very rare to find a given topic which is for instance, purely morphological, i.e. other levels of linguistic analysis are in valued in it. Due to this characteristic, there is a variety of studies as far as the general attitude of works is concerned.The present study sets itself to gather the contributions of these schools of phonology and clarifies the procedures followed by the leading figures of each school. Such schools have been classified in the light of the aims behind studying the phonological material. Accordingly, five schools have been investigated in the present work. In addition, an introductory chapter entitled "schools of phonology and knowledge Heritage by Arabs' is devoted to the perspective of the study and how far it is applied to the schools of phonology by ancient Arab scholars.As for the first chapter, it is concerned with the school of "lexical phonology" and how those "lexicophonolgists dealt with the phonological material. The leading scholar here is Al - Khalil Bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi who was taken as an example by other lexicophonologists. The second chapter is devoted to the treatment of phonological material by Arab grammarians who gave rise to the "grammarians' school of phonology." within this school, the phonological study underwent development which started before Sibawaihi. It is true to say that the latter brought it to maturity. in his famous book " Al - Kitab". The third chapter is named as "The phonology school of Readers". The efforts of a group of scientists have been dealt with. Those scholars gave priority to the phonological study which farmed the basis for their investigations. The fourth chapter concerns itself with the treatment of the phonological material by some Muslim philosopher. They investigated the material from a physical and articulatory standpoint. Although such a school had lasted for a long period of time, it had not attracted a large number of scholars. Concerning chapter five, it has studied the phonological efforts of rhetoricians. These efforts have not been given due attention by previous studies. The study of phonology by those scholars is not a marginal one, rather it is serious and systematic. Al - Kahalil Bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi organized his dictionary (Al - Ain) on the basis of phonology to give the lexical units a phonological arrangements. As to Sibawaihi, he focused on the study of Arabic speech sounds in order to precisely investigate assimilation. He maintains that he described the letters of the dictionary so that one can recognize where assimilation is possible or not. Regarding the rhetoricians, they adopted a totally different approach to study sounds where the theory of articulation of sounds is considered as a rhetorical and critical criterion to judge whether a particular word is standard or not. Scholars of readings are concerned with how sounds are articulated or produced. The dealt with the distinctive features characterizing speech sounds. They also viewed speech sounds from a physical point of view
Summary:
References:

شعر الغزل بين العباس بن الاحنف وابن زيدون : دراسة موازنة == The Love Poetry Between Al - Abass Bin Al - Ahnaf And Ibn Zydun

Author name: بشرى احمد قاسم محمد ابو حسنة
Supervisor name: حميدة صالح البلداوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The compete between the one period poets or the following periods on the first skillful period in the pervious poem to the fineness in the poem and to be the reason in the comparative and the budget either if this through intention from the poets themselves or from the fond critics bound in this and between them our study “ The love poetry between Al - Abass Bin Al - Ahnaf and Ibn Zaydon budget study “, and we want to reach the agreement and the separation and research about the beautiful and the other in their poetry and this what require to be the study in itroduction three chapters and conclusion. The first chapter devoted for the Poets life, their relationship, their period, their personality and their death, while the second chapter treated love meaning in the two poets. The third chapter depend on study the invention process summary in the two poets with out expected the love on specified on it. The important results which are reached on them this study. - Although the different in their period and the contradiction in the strength of the two state which are they lived in them but the psychology structure for them was a approach one another. - It is clear in the love side for the two poets victory of the virtuous side for AL - Abass bin AL - Ahnaf and victory of the sensible side for Ibn Zaydun. - The language dictionary for AL - Abass was characterized by the emotional side according to the political and social dictionary while the emotional dictionary was competed with the social and political for Ibn Zaydun. - The two poets depended on the language structure approached means but also identical like the interrogative the repeating and the foreign authority. - The Similarity between them reflective in the invention the poem`s meters except AL - Maded Ibn - AL - Ahnaf was invested it and Ibn Zaydun was not.

معاني الحروف الثنائية والثلاثية بين القران الكريم ودواوين شعراء المعلقات السبع == The Meanings Of Two - Letter And Three - Letter Prepositions In The Holy Quran And The Diwans Of Poets Of The " Seven Suspended Poems

Author name: رزاق عبد الامير مهدي الطيار
Supervisor name: نعمة رحيم كريم العزاوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study shows the effect of the Holy Quran in the development of Arabic language as we believe that the Holy Quran has enriched Arabic language with great creative energies which have not reached before its revelation though it has got to an advanced stage of development.In order to know the amount of Quranic development in the use of the sort of preposition known in Arabic as : Huroof al - ma'ani , (Huroof al - mani ) and specify its size and places, the study has chosen the two - latter and Three - latter prepositions in order to investigate their Quranic uses. In order to know this development , the Quranic uses were compared with another texts of rhetoric which represent the best rhetoric al ones before the revelation of Quran.This texts were quoted from the poetry of " The Suspended Poems ". The study has chose the Diwans of The Seven Suspended Poems according to Al - zozani version. their poets were : Umru'a aL - Qeis (80 b.h) ; Turaf bin AL - Abd (60 b.h) ; AL - Harith bin Hilleza (54 b.h) ; Amr bin Kalthoom (39 b.h) ; Antara bin Shadad (22 b.h) ; Zuhair bin Abi Salma (13 b.h) ; Labeed bin Rabia AL - Amiri (41 a.h).The Study has investigated the use of two - Letter and three - Letter prepositions in their Diwans and balanced the Quranic use with them. That was in three chapters the first chapter entitled "the preposition : its whatness , its place in language and use. This is a theoretical chapter which explained the meaning of the prepositions and its place among the parts of speech in Arabic and the ancient and modern Arab philologist's view point of its nature and function.Also the Speech levels in the use of words and how to change the means of eliciting the meaning according to the different levels speech The chapter has also presented the two theories of "alternation and affirmation" which were used to deal with the multi meaning of the preposition. The chapter ends with the conclusion on that the two theories are not exempt from criticism.In chapter two the study dealt with a new theory which can be applied to deal with problem of multi meanings of prepositions. it was entitled "The Central Connotation and Peripheral Connotation". This theory was applied to two - letter and three - letter prepositions successfully.As for the third chapter entitled " The Effect of Quranic Context in the Meaning of Letters " , it specified and limited with numbers the places of Quranic improvement of meaning of two - letter and three - letter prepositions.This was in two sections. the first was dedicated for revealing the meanings used and improved by the Holy Quran ; the second section was dedicated for the Quranic use of new meanings.It was found that there were five central meanings created by the Quran. There were also fourteen peripheral meanings which were not used before the revelation. This was the most important finding of the research through which the study could prove the theory presented at the outset of chapter three which is " the Quranic context is an essential influence in the improvement of the meanings of preposition ".There are other findings which have been found by the study. foremost of which is the amount of using two - letter prepositions by the Quran (48%) over what was with the Arab poets. the three - letter prepositions (42%) over what was used by the Arab poets.Most of the two - letter prepositions used in Quran were (from - min - من) and so was the case in poetry. The less widely used preposition was (what - ayاي) which indicates the answer. And in the poetry, the less used preposition was (wa وا) which was not used by the Quran.In general the Quran has used the two - letter and tree - letter prepositions widely.These are the most important findings. One can refer to the graphs at the end of the study in order to review the findings

قصيدة النثر العراقية : دراسة في الانساق الثقافية == Iraqi Prose Poem Study Of Cultural Norms

Author name: هيثم كاظم صالح
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The current study addresses the cultural norms in the Iraqi prose poem, as it represents a trial to detect the control and prevalence of such norms in the discourse of the poem. The study also reveals the directions of norms domination in the message of the prose poems, as well as the detection of the revival of old cultural norms in new verses. The current study takes the Iraqi prose poem as field of researching as the latter represents a phenomenon that apply the same conditions of cultural criticism and norm requirements. The prose poem indeed is a puzzling and encrypted production having the potential of cultural mystification around it. The study is made of three chapters, introduction, and a conclusion, followed by a list of references and bibliography, with an abstract and a table of contents. The first chapter is entitled "The Prose Poem and Cultural Norms" which starts with introduction of two sections; the first of which is entitled "Norms (emergence, concept, and interference)", while the second section is entitled "Norms between Breach and Revival". The last section carries two directions; the first of which is "Prose Poem and Breach of Norms", and the second is "Prose Poem and Revival of Norms". This section represents theorization about the norms, their emergence, interference with culture, then their domination, and prevalence in the prose poem examined to detect its breach of cultural norms, with applied texts of that breach, then the way of norms revival thereto, the way of getting norms back into original forms, and the untold in their discourse. The second chapter is entitled "Poem of Centre and Cultural Norms" which is made of an introduction and three sections. The first of which is "Prose Poem and Domination Norm" while the second section is "Prose Poem and the Norm of Abuse" formed of two directions; the first direction is "Abuse of Others/ The Black", and the second direction is "Abuse of Others/ The Woman". Then comes the third section, which is "Prose Poem and the Norm of estrangement". The last chapter includes applied texts concerning the issue of cultural norm and its revival in the discourse of prose poem. This chapter revealed some inherited and normal ideas like (Masculinity / Class) and Death haunted the Iraqi individual. Therefore, the poetic verses come to sustain such ideas and reinforce them with the idea of old norms revival with new aesthetics.The chapter also make clear the modality of the return of center and margin in the poem texts claiming the margins equity, in time other centers are created in conflict with new margins. The third chapter is entitled "Margin Poem and Cultural Norms" also formed of an introduction and two sections; the first of which is "Kurdish Prose Poem, which in turn consists of two directions (The first is Prose Poem and Ego Norm, and the second is Prose Poem and Revenge Norm), while the second section is entitled "Femininity Prose Poem". The second section carries three directions. These directions are "Prose Poem and Subordination Norm", "Prose Poem and Centrism Norm", and "Prose Poem and Violence Norm". This chapter is also an applied one as well, as the researcher employs poetic verses implying the cultural norm, with the potentiality of cultural interpretation, encrypted texts, showing Revolutionary characteristics, implying the norm or appeasement. Thus, the chapter shows the creation of cultural norms and their inheritance in various people classes, whether centered in culture or Marginalized. As shown above, the study revealed the control of cultural norms over our discourses, their effect our vision of life, and communication with others. Later, the poem is seen to have created a new center parallelized to the center of old texts. Therefore, the Iraqi accomplishment of prose poem may have potential reactionary roots and dictatorship, as well as having the possibility of revolutionary origins and progressiveness. Hence appears the effect of cultural norm, which gets deeply rooted as more as it is thought to be retroactive or impairment. That's what is revealed through the course of this study, and tried to be shown in this thesis.
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