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الحجاج في كتاب الاحتجاج للطبرسي من علماء القرن السادس الهجري == Al - Hajaj in the Protest Book From scientists of 6th the century H

Author name: عماد عطـــوان فاخـــــر
Supervisor name: سندس محمد خلف الجميلي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and to pray to our Master Muhammad the Sadiq the faithful, and to his good and pure family, and his honorable companions, and those who followed him and peace, to the Day of Judgment. After ...The text of the discourse and the debates in the Book of Protest - of Abu Mansur Ahmed bin Ali bin Abi Talib al - Tabarsi - has a strong presence in the fields of protest, dialogue and persuasion. The book contains the text of the dialogue of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) (Peace be upon them), and some of the great companions (may Allah be pleased with them), in the assets, and branches with the people of disagreement, for the purpose of directing them, and change their ways of thinking and their corrupt beliefs, that is trying to get them out of the circle of disbelief and falsehood to the circle of faith and truth, The mission of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and the imams (peace be upon them) ), And the companions are the identification and clarification of what the recipient (the recipient) does not know or deny, through letters that have the purposes of pilgrimage purpose of the clarity of purpose and influence in order to persuade and convince him of the new visions and ideas he was alone, or did not believe before; The Prophet and his family made an effort to establish the right of their own people.Therefore, I chose this religious heritage code in my study, entitled "Pilgrims in the Book of Protest for the Tabarsi", because it is an epistemological discourse which has an effect on the recipient, both on the level of his behavior, on the level of his beliefs and convictions. This pilgrim energy, like the pilgrims of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), carries with the group of mushrikeen, its pilgrims with the Jews, and its pilgrims with the hypocrites, as well as the pilgrims of the imams (peace be upon them).The speech of this code is based on a language strategy of its own, based on the use of language within a specific structure, subject to explanatory rules and conclusions related to the speaker and receiver within a specific social, psychological and communication context with the aim and purpose of influencing that recipient.Many of the texts of this Code include various links and factors of pilgrimage, including the requirements of lexicon and synthetic. These texts or speeches are built according to the peaceful hierarchy of the arguments, including what includes real questions and other related to the origin to the meanings of new pilgrims, not request Understanding and intelligence, and all these things make the speech of this code speech directed can achieve the objectives of the Khatib or the argument.I have followed the analytical descriptive approach in my studies, namely : describing the pilgrim phenomena in the speech of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), the imams (peace be upon them) and some of the companions and followers of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) Such as the new rhetoric (Perlman), the pilgrims in the language of Decro, and the accountability of the pilgrims (Michelle Mayer), and the acts of speech to (Austin) and (Sorrell) present in some joints of the research, The debates in the Book of Protest apply to the acts of speech that were distinguished by deliberation Which is the expression, the purposeful act and the act of influence, all of which are present in the actual (pilgrims) and (as appropriate) added by DeCro to the classifications of the acts of speech. Therefore I shall deal with the acts of speech implicitly through the pilgrims, Of lexicons, grammatical expressions, grammatical structures, and explanatory tools, and the realization of the purposes of the pilgrimage.I am interested in this topic for a number of reasons, perhaps the most important : 1 - Desire to identify the most important concepts of the lesson Hajj.2 - identify the mechanisms of pilgrims employed in the book (protest).3 - The inclusion of the book (protest) on the texts of pilgrims, such as the pilgrims of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and the imams (peace be upon them) and companions with the polytheists, Jews and hypocrites, as well as the inclusion of other mechanisms of pilgrims.4 - self - reason, the tendency of the soul more to the texts contained in the language of the masters of rhetoric and fluency, and they are the Prophet and his family pure, these texts enrich the thought and language and development.The study was divided into three chapters, followed by a conclusion in which the most important findings were presented.The preface included the definition of the Tabaric Sheikh and his book and the views of the scholars and researchers in them. It also spoke about the concept of pilgrims and their history in Greek thought and modern Western thought, and addressing its features in Arab thought, both ancient and modern.The first chapter of Musuma b (the links and factors of pilgrims in the book of protest) and included two papers, in which the role of associations and factors in the discovery of pilgrims in the structure of the Hajj in the book (protest).As for the second chapter, there was a chapter entitled "The Pilgrim's Need in the Book of Protest". It included two essays, which examined the first (the lexical requirement and its pilgrim function), and the second (the structural requirement and its pilgrimage function).The third chapter came out with (the mechanisms of pilgrims in the book (protest) in the light of the theory of Pilgrimage and the theory of accountability Hajjaj), and included two articles, examined in the first (mechanisms of pilgrims in the book (protest) in light of the theory of pilgrimage), and in the second (mechanisms of pilgrims In the book (protest) in the light of the theory of accountability of pilgrims), and formed the accountability of pilgrims active presence in the book (protest) through the question and answer among the respondents, which came in most texts either a source of question tools or using the formula (tell me).There is no doubt that the research is based on a collection of sources and references related to the subject, the most important of which are : the code that applied the theories of the pilgrims, the book (protest), and a group of Arabic dictionaries such as : Al - Ain Khalil bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi, , And the codes that relate to the theories of pilgrims, based on the book of pilgrims in the Koran through the most important characteristics stylistic Abdullah Sula, and the strategies of the speech of Abdul Hadi bin Dhafer al - Shihri, the language and pilgrims of Abu Bakr al - Azzawi, and the pilgrimage method in the political discourse of Zamani Kamal, and the analysis of the Hajj Dr. Ahmad Al - Awadi, Dr. Said Al - Awadi, and Pilgrims Concept and Fields Preparation and presentation of Hafez Ismaili Alawi, and built pilgrims in the approach of the rhetoric of Dr. Ali Abdul Wahab Abbas, and a group of research on pilgrims in some magazines and periodicals and literary and literary, as well as some letters and university papers such as : In the Quranic stories - a deliberative approach - (PhD thesis), and the pilgrims in the antiques of the sons of the Al - Harani Division (Master Thesis), and the structure of the pilgrims in the Qur'anic discourse.

الشاهد في كتاب التحفة المكية للمقري : دراسة لغوية == The linguistic citation in the book of the Mecca masterpiece by Al - Maqari (847 AH

Author name: مروة مهدي ذيبان
Supervisor name: عبد الحميد حمد شحاذة
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان دراسة اللغة - منذ بدايتها - ارتبطت ارتباطا وثيقا بالشاهد اللغوي الذي يمثل الدليل الامين لما يقوله العلماء وما يذهبون اليه وما يرجحونه من اراء ، وظهرت عنايتهم الفائقة بهذا الشاهد عند ظهور بواكير الدرس اللغوي العربي - الذي ظهر جليا فيما اورده سيبويه (ت180هـ) رحمه الله في كتابه الذي يعد اول المؤلفات العربية - اذ اعتمد في هذا الكتاب على شواهد كثيرة درسها الدارسون فيما بعد واصلوا لها ... ومن هذا المنطلق في اهمية دراسة الشاهد اللغوي جاءت دراستي هذه لتكون لبنة في هذا الصرح الشامخ عسى ان تحظى بالسداد والقبول ، اذ تمثل في دراسة الشاهد اللغوي عند ابي العباس المقري بعد (847هـ) في كتابه التحفة المكية في شرح الارجوزة الالفية . واقتضت طبيعة البحث ان يقسم على تمهيد وثلاثة فصول ، اما التمهيد بينت فيه تعريف الشاهد ، ونبذة مختصرة عن حياة المؤلف وعن الكتاب . وكان الفصل الاول للاستشهاد على المسائل الصوتية والصرفية وجاء في اربعة مباحث الاول خصصته للاستشهاد بالقران الكريم والثاني للاستشهاد بالقراءات القرانية ، اما المبحث الثالث فكان من نصيب الاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي الشريف ، والمبحث الرابع جاء للاستشهاد بالشعر العربي . وحمل الفصل الثاني عنوان الاستشهاد للمسائل النحوية وتضمن اربعة مباحث الاول منها الاستشهاد بالقران الكريم والثاني للقراءات القرانية والثالث للحديث النبوي الشريف والرابع للاستشهاد بالشعر . وكان اخرها الفصل الثالث الذي درست فيه الدلالة النحوية وانتظم في ثلاثة مباحث الاول الاستشهاد للمسائل الدلالية بالقران الكريم وقراءاته ، والمبحث الثاني الاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي الشريف ، والثالث الاستشهاد بالشعر على هذه المسائل .ثم اعقبتها بخاتمة سجلت فيها اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها في هذا البحث . وقائمة بالمصادر والمراجع المعتمدة في البحث اذ تنوعت هذه المصادر بحسب طبيعة الدراسة الى كتب اللغة التي تعنى بالمستويات اللغوية الصوتية والصرفية والنحوية والدلالية وكذلك معاجم اللغة وكتب التراجم ، وبعض المصادر التي تطرقت الى موضوع الاستشهاد . وفي الختام اقول .... ان هذه المرحلة هي الخطوة الاولى في طريق البحث العلمي، فما كان فيه من صواب فالفضل لله تعالى وحده وما كان من | The linguistic evidence is an important source of the Arabic language because it is the faithful proof of what linguists say and what they go to and what they are likely views.Our research is one of the researches that dealt with the evidence as represented in the study of the linguistic evidence at Abi Al - Abbas Al - Maqari after 847 AH in his book (the masterpiece of Makkah in the explanation of Arjuzah millennium. The nature of the research required to be divided into preface and three chapters. In the preface I explained the definition of the evidence and a brief resume of the life of the author and the book.The nature of the research required to be divided into three chapters. The preface, in which I explained the definition of the evidence and a brief resume of the life of the author and the mentioned book.The first chapter was about the citation of the phonetic and morphologic matters and it was in four theses ; the first dealt with citation by holy Koran and the second was citation by Koran readings . The second research was about citation by prophetic tradition and the fourth dealt with Arabic poetry . The second chapter bore the title of the citation for grammatical issues and included four themes , the first of which was the citation of the Quran and the second was for readings of the Koran and the third of the Prophet's Hadith and the fourth of the citation of poetry and the third chapter dealt with the citation of evidence matters and was organized in three sections; the first is the citation and for the evidence issues in the holy Koran and its readings . The second is the citation of the Prophet's Hadith and the third is the citation of poetry on these matters, then followed by a conclusion in which the most important findings reached in this research and a list of references that were depended in the research as varied according to the nature of the study.It is God's success

الدلالة الصرفية في خطاب الامام الحسن عليه السلام

Author name: حياة نايف صينخ
Supervisor name: شاكر سبع نتيش الاسدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

غريب نهج البلاغة == The stranger in " Nahjubalagah

Author name: عبد الكريم حسين عبد السعدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: By the name of God the all merciful, thanks to his grace, and peace upon his greatest profit Muhmmad bin Aabdillab. There is no daute that Nahj Albalagh in the highest situation of the Arabic eloquence, for that many of Arabic linguestics - ainsent and modern - do their best to explane it's words and sentences in their books and researches.This research is stepping on the same way of those, it studied the stranger in Nahj Albalagh which had been jaid by Aliyy unbnu Abi Talib peace upon him and collected by Alshareef Al Radiyy. ( 406 A.H.). This research divided in preface four parts, and a conclusion. The first part is apreparated one, it is in two chapters, the first chapter studied the strange in the Arabic language in general. And in the ( Nahj ) particularly . The second chapter studied the ( text ) firming, and it's regestredment, there were three kinds of texts. a : texts conteporared Al - emam Ali peace upon him. b : texts precedied AlRadiyy several hundreds of years. c : texts conteporared al Radiy's collecting of Nahj - albalagah.The second part was studying the strangest of the word. It had three chapters. I studied in the first one the strangment of the singular word. And in the second chapter I studied the strangment of the word in meaning, in the third chapter I studied the strangment of the word in it's etymology. I studied in the third part the strangment of structure in three chapters. I specified the first one to the strangment of the whole sloup, the second chapter to the strangment of the speech because the irregularity of the word or because of their entangledment. The third one was about the strangment of the speech because of the highness of it's elocuence.The fourth part of this research was about the strangment of rhetoric building it had also three chapters. The first chapter was about the strangment of the ( eloquence system ), the second one was about the ( rhetoric science ), and the third one was about the strangment of the tripic system. I ended my research with a conclusion, which I explain in it the most emportant results. At last I would like to thank God for my successful in this research, after that I would like to thank my professor Dr. Abdullah Ahmed Aljubouri who guided me in this research and we landed together on the shore of Nahj - Albalagah safely.

اسلوب الالتفات محاولة في البحث عن اصلها وممارستها في قصار السور القرانية == The Style of Al - Iltifat (Aburupt Change in Style and Tense) An Attempt of Seeking Its Origin and Practice in Short Quranic Suras

Author name: نوافل يونس سليم الحمداني
Supervisor name: حسن يحيى محمد رضا الخفاجي | مشحن حردان الدليمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Al - Iltifat (abrupt change in style, number and tense) is a rhetorical device which has been authentic in Arabic. The pre - Islamic poets, such as Imriu Al - Qais, used it. It was well known by the poineering linguists and interpreters, such as Abi Ubayda Maamer bin Al - Muthana 210 H., Al - Asmaii 216 H., Ibn Qutayba 276 H., and Al - Mubarrad 285 H., when they explained the Quranic a ayas and poetic lines having this rhetorical device.As a term, Al - Iltifat was known and studied by rhetoricians such as Ibn Al - Muaataz, Qudama bin Gaafar, Al - Zamakh shary, Ibn Al - Atheer, As - Sakkaky and Al - Quzwiny. It is the change from one style of speech into another, from the singular into the plural, from the plural into the singular - and from one tense into another. This change should have a reason for its happening. Al - Zamakhshary said that the benefits of Al - Iltifat are praise, awakening, drawing attention and making the listener more interested. This phenomenon has been called “the courageous style” for it indicates the bravery of the speaker in making his speech more effective.The Glorious Quran is rich with this rhetorical device, especially in the short Suras beginning with Qaf and ending with the last Quranic Sura (Qul Aauthu bi Rab An - Nas).These Suras were revealed to Prophet Muhammed (P.B.U.H.) at the beginning of Islam when the new religion was erither accepted or refused. So, these Suras and this phenomenon under study played their part in calling ungelievers to believe in Islam.This dissertation has studied Al - Iltifat from different angles phonectis and phonology, semantics, syntax morphology

الشاهد النحوي في تفسير ابي السعود

Author name: علاء عبد الرحيم مخلف
Supervisor name: هشام ابراهيم الحداد | محمد امين البكري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
First pages:

السياق واثره الدلالي في دراسات الاصوليين

Author name: انجيرس طعمة يوسف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Context' is an issue which the Jurisprudents studied andto which they referred in their rules and categorizations.The Jurisprudents' studies are no less important than thestudies done by linguists, exegetists and rhetoricians,different though their purposes are. Jurisprudents holdcontext as indication of meaning of legislative rulings. Soboth external and internal contexts are topics for study byJurisprudents and religious scholars in the analysis of thelegislative rulings of the Holy Quran and Prophet'stradition (Sunnah). External context or 'co - text' indicatesall the circumstances surrounding the text and whichwould influence the meaning of the text, issues tackledby the Jurisprudents and practiced by doctrinists..The internal context comprises the meanings of thesame text or other texts related to it, whether proving ordisproving it, according to certain methods of collection.My study is based on the researches done so far bythe Jurisprudents and is classified into external andinternal contexts. The first is fallen under three types : circumstantial context, context of situation, and actualcontext. These three kinds of context were addressed bythe Jurisprudents who, however, did not categorize themthis way. But it is appropriate to show them to prove thatthe Jurisprudents were the first to pay attention to theexternal context. The same has been done with regard tothe internal context, which is also classified into threetypes : the objective context, the counter - objectiveharmonious context (in assertion and denial), and thecounter - objective disharmonious context. The crucial١٩٣difference between the second and the third kind is that,while the second means the multi texts that deal with thesame topic, with one clarifying the others, the thirdmeans the multi texts that deal with the same topic,differing in assertion or denial, or in some other sense.The Jurisprudents worked out principles to harmonizethese meanings in a scientific way.I have prepared for the study of the context and itsrelation with some semantic and contextualconsiderations. Also, context and its functions arehighlighted to the Jurisprudents and the difference oftheir treatment to that of the linguists and exegetists.

فكرة التيسير في الدرس النحوي الحديث == The Idea of Simplification in Modern Grammatical Lesson

Author name: حاتم حسين علي الشيباني
Supervisor name: خديجة عبد الرزاق الحديثي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic is one of the ancient living languages in the world. It has gained great attention that no any other language has gained from the scholars. This degree of attention has its own reasons. It is the language of the glorious Qur’an, the sacred book of Muslims. Thus, it has achieved its sacredness through its relevance to this great book. Understanding the purposes of the linguistic discourse was the objective of the researchers. So understanding the syntactic structures of Arabic and apprehension of its linguistic phenomena were the priority of the issues taken care by old linguists. The linguistic study has attained its higher standard earlierly, and the grammatical level was the most interesting one among the other levels tackled by scholars. The grammatical lesson began simple and easy on the hands of Arab scientists. Like any other science, being easy first, then it starts becoming complicated in research. This same description can be applied to Arabic. It has become complicated and a number of foreign trends such as logic, philosophy and philology, have penetrated into it. Then, it has be come a normative prescriptive lesson, away from being descriptive besides the obvious difficulties of approaches which made it difficult. So that scholars found it wise to escape. Since language is one of the means of learning and thinking, one can realize the sufferings faced by learners. So the voices were raised and complaints heard about the difficulty of the grammar lessons. This led to the appearance of a call for simplification. Old Arab grammarians have their attempts in this respect and they have written grammatical briefs and didactic poems to facilitate keeping the grammar of language by heart yet, Sibawayhi’s Book is still the controlling source which governs our grammar. The briefs and poems have no longer the power to meet the requirements of the grammar lesson. Even the old publications however scientific they are, cannot remedy the miserable. A number of scientific scholars have undertaken this task. Their endeavor has been welcomed recently. And as much as possible they have made use of the old attempts such as that of Ibn Madha’a Al - Qurtubi (592H). Really, one of the modern remarkable attempts may be that of Ibrahim Mustafa whose opinions have their obvious influences on the modern grammatical lesson. He tries to depend on meaning when interpreting linguistic phenomena. As far as he got rid of the theory of grammatical operator (al - a’amil), which was the basis for grammatical lesson that governed and complicated it, he was agreed by plenty of scholars such as Dr.Ahmed Abdulsattar Al - Juwari and Dr.Mahdi Al - makhzoomi and others. Since Arabic is an inflected language, one can imagine the difficulty faced by the researcher to facilitate its grammar. Really, no language can be simplified, but there are a group of ideas through which the linguists try to interpret the linguistic phenomena and this should be the concern of the researcher. These attempts showed extreme criticism and they were not free from some shortcoming. This study tries to shed light on these attempts and simplifies Arabic grammar comprehensively. We have discussed the difficulties of Arabic grammar and the reasons beyond that, in addition to grammar, its evolution and development as well. The study has also tackled thoroughly the phenomenon of parsing in Arabic, and the attitude of the old grammarians towards this phenomenon. The researcher has carried out an analytical study of the researchers’ opinions in simplification to be aware of the value of these opinions, and whether they can be a right nucleus to a simple and easy grammar lesson. It is not easy to achieve that because of the width of the scope of the research, greatness of differences and abundance of Arabic produced knowledge in the field of grammar. Clearly, the shortage of the serious analytic knowledge of simplification in this area, led the researcher to carry out this type of study characterized by modernity and scientificness trying to find out the essence of the notion of simplifican and main elements which guided the scholars to come out with conclusions and recommendations to serve Arabic language and support those who study it. God is beyond our purpose

توجيه معاني النحو عند المحدثين، حاشيتا الخضري والصبان انموذجا == Guidance as to the Meaning of the Detailed in the earliest, hasheyata Al ssabban And Al Khudhari Specimen

Author name: شاكر صاحب علوان الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: مكي محي عيدان الكلابي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: If we say that the attention of the Arabs understanding of speech were not less than their care produced departing from the idea of the basis of that very language is basically access to the meaning or intent, has tried to research to prove the existence of the effect of meaning in the detective grammatical, found in the book of hashiat al - sabban on the al - ashmony explanation (1206 AH ) and hashiat al - khudhary on tha explanation Ibn Aqeel (1287 AH ) field so broad, Volg through into this world was expansive title of the study ((guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary specimen)) Has necessitated the nature of the research that is distributed over four chapters preceded by a preface, followed by the conclusion of the search, The Boot, has shown a concept meaning grammar has been spotted in the first chapter statement meaning of grammar in the door of the Covenant, and specialize Chapter two study the meaning of grammar in th waste, and dealt with in Chapter three the study of meaning in grammar Prepositional , while the fourth chapter was held to demonstrate the meaning of grammar tools.The researcher found a number of results, most notably the following : 1 - Researcher found that guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary explains without objections stated that his goal as decoding locks. 2 - represents a detailed guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary blog grammatical inexhaustible trough in various walks of language, especially in the world of meanings as phishing, including veterans and narrators in the rules, and assets. 3 - The research revealed guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary phenomenon singled express carefully and clear because it will help him to understand the first installation but if it violates the express meaning often takes the loop, trying to find meaning undue hand motif.

كلام الامام علي بن ابي طالب (عليه السلام) في كتب غريب الحديث : دراسة في ضوء نظرية الحقول الدلالية == The words of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib - peace be upon him - in the books of strange modern study in the light of semantic field theory

Author name: زهراء حسين جعفر
Supervisor name: جنان منصور كاظم الجبوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allaah. We also open all the works, and we begin each article, and may God bless him and grant him the best of his creation, a branch and an asset, Muhammad the Righteous and his good and pure family.After ...The authors of the strange works of modernity made great efforts in this field. They worked alongside the codification of literary and rhetorical sciences to devote part of their efforts to explaining and interpreting the strange words in the texts. They succeeded in their endeavors and passed through centuries of hard work, creativity and writing. (The words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the books of a strange modern study in the light of the theory of semantic fields). The purpose of this research is summarized in several things, including : The Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in the Arabic glossary in the clear Arabic words mentioned in the books of the strange talk, and the revival of the linguistic heritage by highlighting the words, and the hadiths of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in Mtun strange talk, and study In the light of modern linguistics. The study requires following several approaches starting with the statistical method. It has followed the words of the Imam (peace be upon him) in books of strange speech and has exceeded (six hundred) a word, and then selected from the words what is unique in mystery and strange to clarify meanings and meanings hidden behind those words, (Peace be upon him) and put it in the fields of the word, and then studied the words study of the meanings of language in the Arabic dictionaries and then followed the meaning of the word in the modern and other through a descriptive historical study.We have identified the research tracks in three chapters, which were studied in accordance with the semantic fields, preceded by a preface that included three topics. The first section showed a briefAbstract......................................................................................bsummary of the life of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and a part of his character and characteristics that characterized him, but I did not elaborate on that. The first one dealt with the concept of the stranger, and we would like to point out that with regard to the stranger, it is of two types, (strange talk) and (strange talk), and there are difference between them, Strange talk is a sign in the text of the talk of a strange word, Or rare, and the strange talk is met by narrators. The second topic dealt with the reason for the classification of the strange talk, and the third I spoke about the most prominent classified in the books of strange and modern approaches from Abu Ubaid Qasim bin Salam, the first book reached us, and ended with the son of the ether in his book (end in the strange talk).The first chapter deals with the field of human words. It included three topics : the first topic dealt with the words of the human body, the second is the words of human ethics, the third is the words of pride and the most important. The second chapter contains silent words of nature, The third topic is the study of the words that indicate the colors. At first, I spoke about the colors and their characteristics in general. Then I mentioned the basic colors, because the color is present in the words of the Imam (peace be upon him) B The first chapter contains the words of living nature, divided on two subjects; the first section, in which the words of the animal were used. Imam (peace be upon him) used the most animal words in its metaphorical metaphor, either by analogy, metaphor, and metaphor. He is a source to supply oxygen to nature so I devoted it in this subject and put the supplement in the last chapters, and concluded the research summary of the results, summarized and completed the list of sources and references dealt with in the study.The period of writing the letter has been several difficulties and has stopped the study, including but not limited to : - Diving in the study of the words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and the statement of meaning is not easy, especially if there are similes and metaphor and graphic arts issued by the most eloquent Arabs and informed her tongue.Abstract......................................................................................c - The abundance of works that were written in the books of the strange modern and different Mtun speeches of the Imam (peace be upon him) in the increase and decreases, but I have documented from his words and his words and his conversations, which was adopted in the study of several books, especially the approach of rhetoric. - We could not study all the words that were mentioned in the words of the Imam (peace be upon him); because it takes more time and we are sentenced to a known time so the study was limited to the most prominent words that were characterized by strange and ambiguous.It is necessary to note the meanings of honesty and loyalty. I would like to keep my thanks and appreciation to my professor who supervised this study (Prof. Dr. Janan Mansour Kadhim) for her outstanding efforts in careful scientific supervision of the research in the stages of preparation of it all, starting with the development of his plan, , And printed, where examined the chapters of scientific critical reading, so I did what twisted them, and corrected the pitfalls, and dealt with the injury suffered.I would like to thank all those who have extended my hand to help and contributed to facilitating the difficulties faced by the research and I have hoped that I have presented a message with a proper approach, and I have succeeded in doing so, thanks to God Almighty, and if he is the other, I have good faith to apologize to you.I ask God to make this work pure for His holy face. And Tawfiqi only God Almighty Ali it entrusted to him Anip and he is generous and yes agent.

الدلالة السياقية عند اللغويين

Author name: عواطف كنوش مصطفى عيسى
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم العطية
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الدلالة الالتزامية عند الاصوليين في القران الكريم == The significance of the commitment of fundamentalists in the Holy Quran

Author name: غزوان حميد عبد السعيدي
Supervisor name: عادل نذير بيري الحساني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: This study is an investingation of the textual phenomena in the Quranic expression which has not been looked before semantically. The terminology to the fundamentalists still have a gap.This subject (commitment Denotation in the Quranic Expreesion ) was in consistency with my research interest. Therefore, I abode by determination and God's trust. The significance of the study lies the epistemic intervention and interdisciplinary Link between a large set of sciences such as jurisprudence , exegesis , Arabic , logic , eat . The benefits extracted pour into the crucible of Quranic usage.The topic is of clear importance that researcher's attention and it revolves about the awareness of the specialists' products in thes sciences. The research in this dissertation entitled three chapters preluded by a preface and concluded by the most significant results . The first chapter included ( the denotation of implied expression ) while the second contained ( the denotation of concept ) . The research concluded that the implied denotation , conceptual denotation ,and allegorical denotation are all realizations of commitment denotation.It was further concluded that all allegorical relations are traced back to one relation which is ( commitment )basing on the fact that commitment tackled in the research is the commitment in its broad sense which is realized even though in the speaker,s mind .The researcher faced some difficulties as the semantic research in the Quran is surrounded by many epistemic challenges which the research attempted to overcome in light of his acquaintance and induction to disambiguate this matter . I intended in this study to draw the attentions to efforts exerted by fundamentalist and semantic linguists . In conclusion , I recommend researchers especially in text linguistics , to pay attention with determination with determination to the sourceful heritage of fundamentalism.

الجملة في ديوان الشيخ صالح الكواز الحلي (ت1290هـ) : دراسة نحوية دلالية == The Sentence in the Collection of Poems of saleh al - kawaz al - hilly Grammatical and semantic study

Author name: حنين علي خلف حسون العامري
Supervisor name: مكي محي عيدان الكلابي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

الخلاف الصوتي في كتاب ارتشاف الضرب من لسان العرب لابي حيان الاندلسي ت 745هـ في ضوء علم اللغة الحديث

Author name: كاظم كريم اهوين
Supervisor name: عبد الاله علي جويعد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:

ظواهر البيان العربي عند المفسرين من القرن الرابع حتى نهاية القرن السادس الهجري == Arabic Eloquence phenomena Of Explainers from the forth till the sixth century of al Higra

Author name: امل حسين حسن الخاقاني
Supervisor name: محمد حسين علي الصغير
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The explainers have pave of the way for the Quranic studies as they were the first to tackle this eloquent text which is hard to be explained and analyzed first in revealing it, meaning and second in showing it's historical method This thesis is dedicated to receal the rhetoric phenomena of the explainers (from the forth century till the end of the sixth century of Higra) for the effect of this period in founding these phenomena on one hand and orienting them on the after. So, it's devided into a preface and four chapters. The preface revealed (the concept of the Arabic rhetoric among the explainers and the grammarians) and also showing (the Arabic rhetoric phenomena in the Quranic studies books and elogence), as for the chapters, the first dealt with (the truth and metaphor of the explainers) revealing their role in achieving all kinds, divisions and various relation of the metaphor while the second chapter tackle (simile of explainers) and showing their care of its tools and types in addition to defining the feature of Quranic simile as being a combination of images. The third chapter dealt with (metaphor of the ecplanier) and defining its terminological meaning as being based on the similarity relation ans also defining types of metaphor within the Quranic context. As for the forth chapter it dealt with (the writing and its features of the ecplainers) and defining its terminological meaning based on the stules of writing and method of expressing it as symbol, sign and waving and revealing the intention of intimation which participates in showing the rhetoric of the Quranic text, and its features of inimatibility of holy Quran the explainers in all of these chapters were rhetorical in dealing with the text of holy quran and also expended critics of it their rhetorical attitudes and their metaphoric signal reprints as serous stop in the development of the studies of the quranic rhetoric and the researches of inimitation for their great analytical ability and taste which led to the assumption that the quranic methods was nothing less than americal for being unique invites style and verse

الاراء الادبية والنقدية في كتاب رسائل ومقالات اشــراقات ادبــــيـــة للسيـد مـحمـد الصـدر (قدس سره) == Literary and monetary efforts in the book of letters and articles (literary breakthroughs) model To Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr (Holy Sera)

Author name: عـلاء رسـن شـفـي
Supervisor name: طاهـرة داخل طاهر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Literary and literary efforts have crystallized in the third part of the book Letters and Essays, which was entitled "Literary Enlightenment" by Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr (Holy of Sera) about important monetary efforts that deserved the researcher time, reading, research and research for it because it produced special critical concepts related to literature, literary writing and literature committed to General and Islamic literature in particular is the literary message that Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr wanted to broadcast a goal and reveal the concepts and conditions of intellectual, psychological and aesthetic without restriction or neutralization. The first chapter contains an introduction and two sections entitled "The definition of the literary and social character of Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr and his book, letters and articles." The title of the first topic (The definition of the literary and social character of Mr. Mohammed al - Sadr), while the second section was entitled (Introducing a book of letters and articles of Mr. Mohammed al - Sadr three parts). The second chapter contains an introduction and two articles, entitled "Study of the articles in the book of letters and articles" Part III literary breakthroughs "), and the title of the first topic was consistent with (the definition of articles and their types).The second section was entitled (Technical and Monetary Analysis of Literary Articles) Model. The second chapter was entitled "The technical and critical analysis of the stories contained in the book of letters and articles" Part (2( Third literary creations "), and finally the conclusion and the most important results and some recommendations and proven sources and references. Finally, I would like to thank all those who supported me and met with me in this study, from professors and colleagues, in particular my assistant professor, Dr. Tahira Dakhill Tahir, the distinguished teacher and educator, who made me proud of her supervision. I would also like to extend my thanks and appreciation to those who stood by my side and supported me on the subject of my message. Difficulties, including professors of the Department of Arabic language at the Faculty of Education

عمل التعبير القراني في كتاب زبدة التفاسير لفتح الله الكاشاني == Explanation Of The Interpretation Of Quranic expression in The Book " Zabdah Al - Tafaseer" by Fatah Allah Al - Kashani

Author name: اسماء مطشر فشاخ الغزي
Supervisor name: فلاح رسول حسين الحسيني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

معايير تقويم الوجه النحوي في كتاب سيبويه

Author name: ميثم عبد السادة شبلاوي الجليحاوي
Supervisor name: رجاء عجيل ابراهيم الحسناوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

مظاهر تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في النقد العربي القديم == The Aspects of Pre - Islamic Poetry's Effect on The Old Arabian Criticism

Author name: علي حاكم حبيب عزر الكريطي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الشعر الجاهلي اساس الثقافة العربية التي وصلت الينا من العصر الجاهلي ، وقد رافق النقد هذه الثقافة من ذلك الوقت ، فكان مقوما للشعر والشعراء في مواطن الخطواموافقتهم وتشجيعهم في مواطن الاجادة ، وقد تبين لي من خلال البحث وجود حركة قوية تميل الى الشكل الجاهلي للقصيدة العربية ، ببنائهوامعانيهواعلى وفق هذا بني البحث على حقيقة وجود سلطة للشعر الجاهلي ، امتدت الى زمن بعيد عن العصر الجاهلي وقد اثبت البحث هذه الحقيقة من خلال التنقيب في اثار الادباء والعلماء والنقاد عن تلك المظاهر التي بقيت عالقة في اشعار اللاحقين في الشكل والمضمون ، فتبينت لنا هذه الحقيقة من خلال البحث ومناقشة اراء النقاد والعلماء التي وردت في هذا الصدد ، وذهبت الى ايجاد المعايير التي سار عليها النقاد والتي عدت الاساس للاحكام النقدية فيما بعد .وعلى وفق ما تقدم جاء عنوان الرسالة الموسوم بـ ( مظاهر تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في النقد العربي القديم ) ، وهو موضوع كبير بمادته العلمية ومدته الزمنية ، وثر بالقضايواالامور الادبية والنقدية ، اذ يعالج البحث المرحلة المتقدمة من الادب العربي في عصر ما قبل الاسلام متمثلة بالمظاهر التي لازمت الشعر العربي في العصور اللاحقة فضلا عن معالجته للشعر الجاهلي بعامته من ناحية وجود مظاهر التاثير بكل ما يحيط بالقصيدة بفنيتهواموضوعاتها . وقد بدا زمان الدراسة منذ عصر صدر الاسلام وما فيه من اشارات نقدية جاءت من النبي محمد صلى الله عليه واله وسلم التي متنت تاثير الشعر الجاهلي بفنيته ، التي اسس لها شعراء المرحلة الاولى ، وكذلك اراء الخلفاء الراشدين ، فضلا عن اراء العلماء والنقاد الذين اثروا التراث العربي بالمؤلفات الادبية والنقدية والتي استندت اليها الدراسة كثيرا الى نهاية العصر العباسي .وهنا يمكن القول ان نشاة النقد العربي القديم كان في ظلال الشعر الجاهلي وفي عصره . وكانت الاشارات النقدية الاولى التي وصلت الينا ، وصلت من العصر الجاهلي ، ثم بدات الاراء النقدية الناضجة تاتينا من علماء اللغة والمفسرين والادباء ، لانهم هم الذين بداوا بتاصيل علوم العربية استنادا الى الشعر الجاهلي ، والنقد في طليعة تلك العلوم . لان المفسر ناقد في بعض احكامه وعالم اللغة والشاعر وهكذا . ومن هنا ستنهض فصول الرسالة ببيان هذا كله ان شاء الله تعالى.وقد تطلب هذا الجهد في البحث خطة تستوعب تلك الموضوعات المتفرقة ، فجاءت الخطة بثلاثة فصول يسبقها تمهيد تحدثت فيه عن اثر الشعر الجاهلي في تكوين علوم الدين واعتماد المفسرين وعلماء الدين على الشعر في اثبات ما يذهبون اليه ، ومن جهة اخرى تناول التمهيد اثر الشعر الجاهلي في تكوين علوم اللغة العربية . وجاء الفصل الاول بمباحثه الخمسة ليتناول فنية القصيدة العربية وعلاقتها بالشعر الجاهلي الذي اسس لها ، وكيفية حفاظ القصيدة على هذا البناء في الازمان اللاحقة ، وقد تناول المبحث الاول من هذا الفصل تقديم رؤية كاملة لاراء الشعراء الجاهليين انفسهم في تاثرهم بشعراء المرحلة المتقدمة من العصر وهذا مظهر من مظاهر تاثير الشعر في النقد وان كان الاثنان جاهليين ، وكذلك فصلت الحديث في اراء النبي محمد صلى الله عليه واله وسلم في اثبات فنية الشعر الجاهلي وصلاحيتها لبقية العصور ، مع عرض ومناقشة لتلك الاقوال الشريفة ، ثم اراء الخلفاء الراشدين رضي الله عنهم ، تتلوهم اراء الادباء والنقاد التي اثبتت ذاك التاثير . اما المبحث الثاني فقد تناولت فيه الابتداء عند الشعراء في قصائدهم وهو يشمل المطلع ومقدمة القصيدة ، ثم تناول المبحث الاخر الرحلة في القصيدة وقد بينت في هذا المبحث اثار الشعر الجاهلي التي حتمت على النقاد عيب الذين خرجوا عن الرحلة الجاهلية ، اما المبحث الرابع فقد تناول بالدرس الغرض مستندا الى الاغراض التي كتب فيها الفحول الجاهليون ، وكيفية تاثيرهم بمن جاء بعدهم . ثم وقف المبحث الخامس على التخلص مبينا فيه مذاهب العرب في تخلصاتهم وسلطة الشعر القديم في ايجاد التخلص داخل القصيدة ، فضلا عن الكيفية التي طور بها الشعراء المحدثون التخلص ورضا النقاد عن هذا التطور .وتكفل الفصل الثاني بدراسة تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في نقد القضايا الفنية التي تنبه اليها النقاد العرب القدامى وعلموا بهواهي : ( اثر البداوة ، الترصيع ، الطبع والصنعة ، الفرق بين الرجز والقصيد ، والقديم والحديث) ، وقد افردت هذه القضايا بفصل مع العلم بتداخلها مع الفصل الثالث في المعنى في بعض المواطن ، لكني درست كل قضية منها من الجانب الذي يتناسب مع عنوان المبحث والفصل معا.وقد جاء الفصل الاخير مؤكدا ما اثبته في الفصلين السابقين ، وقد درست عدة قضايا مهمة في تاريخ الشعر العربي وهي اغلبها تخص المعنى، وهي : (الخطا في الوصف ، الغرض ، السرقات ، المبالغة ، المعاظلة ، والوضوح والغموض) فكان متمما لما سبقت دراسته ، من خلال بيان مفاهيم المصطلحات السابقة مع بيان تاثير الشعر الجاهلي وكيف اسس لهواكيف كانت سلطته في الحفاظ عليها بصورتها الجاهلية في الاشعار اللاحقة ، وعلمت في هذا الفصل بالحديث عن مواطن تاثير الشعر الجاهلي من جانب المعاني ، وقد التزمت البحث ضمن دائرة القضايا التي تخص المعنى .واعقبت تلك الفصول الثلاثة خاتمة البحث التي برزت النتائج التي توصلت اليها من خلال الدراسة ، ثم اثبت في نهاية الرسالة قائمة المصادر والمراجع التي اعتمدها البحث ، واعقبتها بملخص انجليزي اشرت فيه لفكرة عامة عن الرسالة ومحتوياتها . | The pre - Islamic Poetry is regarded as a basis for Arabic culture. Criticism accompanied that culture since the beginning by evaluating poets and their poems in terms of the committed mistakes and by encouraging their efficient performance. Throughout my research, I found out a great movement and tendency towards the pre - Islamic form of the Arabic poetry in its form and meanings. This study has been built on the fact of the existence of the pre - Islamic poetry's a authority extended for a long time. This fact has been proven by detecting the traces of poets, scientists and critics about these aspeds that we can apparently find in the nowadays poems. We concluded this fact by a thorough discussion of critics and scientist' opinions to find out the standards for their criticism.According to the abovementioned information, the thesis is entitled " the Aspects of pre - Islamic poetry's effect on old Arabian criticism". The study has a huge scientific materials and period of time, as well as, enriched with literature and criticism. Thus, the study dealt with the early stages of pre - Islamic literature in addition to the aspects of Arabic poetry in the stages that follows, as well as, dealing with the pre - Islamic poems in terms of its topics and technique . This study took place from the early Islamic period with its critical signs which revealed by the prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) that strengthen the effect of the pre - Islamic techniques of poetry. This study has been supported by the opinions of the first level poets, the righteous caliphs , the scientists and critics who enriched the Arabic heritage works that affect people untill the Abbassid era.We can say here that the establishment of the Arabic criticism started since the pre - Islamic period of poetry that gave us the signs of criticism. Then the mature opinion of criticism have begun to be approached by the Linguists, intepreters and writers for their efforts in rooting the Arabic sciences based on the pre - Islamic era, criticism was one of these sciences. Therefore, all the abovementioned information will be tackled in this thesis.In order to accomplish these individual topics, the thesis was divided into three chapters preceeded by an introduction about the effect of pre - Islamic poetry on the formulation of relegious sciences and the dependence of preachers and interpreters on poetry to prove their theories. In addition, the introduction dealt with the impact of pre - Islamic poetry on the formulation of Arabic Linguistics.The first chapter which included five sections dealt with the technique of Arabic poems and their relation with pre - Islamic poetry, as well as, the way in which the poem keeps the same structure across the ages . The first section presented a complete vision on the pre - Islamic poets' opinions about themselves for being affected by the early poets of the same era which , in turn , represented an aspect of poetry's effect on criticism . Moreover, the section shed light on prophet Muhammad's (Pbuh) sayings that affected by the technique of pre - Islamic era, then the opinions of righteous caliphs and critics that proved that effect. As for the second section, the researcher tackled the poems' beginnings which included the preface and introduction. The next section the journey in the pre - Islamic poetry. The fourth section dealt with the purpose of writing poems and their effect in the pre - Islamic era. As for the fifth section , it tackled the good riddance and its various types for Arab, as well as, the old poetry authority in addition to the way Arabs poets develop this style.Chapter two contained the study of the effect of pre - Islamic poetry on criticising the technique of poems that early poets talked including : ( The nomade effect, the inlay, the apprenticeship, the difference between a poem and rajiz , the old and the new poetry ). Each of these issues were talked individually in reference with the meaning in chapter three.The last chapter assured what has been proven in the previous two chapter . It contained important issues in the history of Arabic poetry that almost all related to the meanings . These issues were (The mistake in description, the purpose, the robberies, exaggeration, problematic issues, clearliness and vagueness). The researcher explained these concepts and terms to explain the impact of pre - Islamic poetry on other ages. The researcher also showed this impact in terms of meanings.The conclusion then followed the previous three chapters that highlighted the results of the study. A list of references has been written after that, as well as, an abstract in English.

التقابل الدلالي في ديوان السيد سليمان الكبير ت 1211هـ : دراسة لغوية على المستويات == Semantic Synonym in Collection of Mr. Sulaiman Al - Kabir died in (1211 H.) A linguistic study at the levels

Author name: صفا جابر خضير المكنوشي
Supervisor name: افراح عبد علي الخياط
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The tragic incident of al - Hussein (peace be upon him) shook the throne of heaven and earth, a violent shock that had a great impact on the hearts of the pious souls who refused to submit to slavery except for Allah Almighty. The issue of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) is not related exclusively to the Shaia Sect , that is, any human being, whether in the West or the East of the world, was a Muslim or not and sacrificed himself for the sake of the sovereignty of great good , humanity and peace .This incident, as we have mentioned, had a great impact on the free souls, especially the expressive souls represented by the poets. A large number of poets emerged who produce there influence in the form of creativity that simulates what happened to Imam Hussein and his household (peace be upon them) in the day of Ashura until they were called later The Poets of Al - Taff "So, it was said : Shaia literature, and it was also said : Did you find a writer who is not Shiite, because the suppression and pain push man to write and portray the situation in the view of the written verse and as long as one feels revenge and the heat of vengeance does not sleep for his vengeance, undoubtedly he will be pushed to portray his situation describing the painfulness of his own, comforting his grief in his days , nights, meditations and meetings" 1.From this point of view, I chose a poet from the poets of the Al - Taff , Sayid. Sulaiman Al - Kabir, who died (1211 H.), thispoet who diversified the poetic purposes in his collection, as he followed the approach of the ancients in writing in all the traditional purposes. The most employed purpose in his collection is lamentation especially the lamination of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), while the other purposes of praise , lamentation , satire and others came second after this purpose, and for the poet's style of words were easy words derived from the context in which it is received and the style of the poet has a big role in this language to employ psychologically and objectively of the poet. That's through his style.And after my reading to the collection of Sayid. Suleiman I found in the verses of the poet the sense of corresponding is deeply rooted to the extent that considers this case as a prominent phenomena. So, I decided to study the corresponding in the verse of Sayid. Suleiman and my research' title was ( The Semantic Corresponding in the Collection of the Great Sayid. Suleiman, died in(1211 H.).In conclusion, I would like to say that the reason for my choice of this subject is the strong connection to the Ahal Albait (peace be upon them), especially Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), who touched with his cause for which he went out in the day of Ashura free hearts and ignited the fire of revenge for those who won by blood of the swords on the account of injustice And hypocrisy , so I have the honor to go into such a topic about the one who cried the angels of heaven, if there is in my research merits can be mentioned , thanks to the Lord of the world .

رد الشبهات في عصمة الانبياء (عليهم السلام) في القران الكريم : دراسة لغوية == The rejection of suspicions in the infallibility of the Prophets (peace be upon them) in the Quran_ language study

Author name: رباب موسى نعمة الصافي
Supervisor name: جنان منصور كاظم الجبوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah who make the hearts of his servants ready to receive the flood guidance, and threw upon their insights from the lights of his knowledge what clear the facts of his revelation to them, and his words has expanded and elaborated on their minds, and then his subtleties and oddities have brightened, and entrusted in their holy books the miracle of understanding that testified the miracle of regulation, prayers and peace be upon the best of those Who sent them to His servants Abu Al - Qasim Mohammed and upon his glorious progeny, Having said that : Perhaps it is a sign of miracles that the Holy Quran opens horizons of academic studies, and shining out of his knowledge what makes you look more brilliant and better guided. After I had finished my preparatory study, I prepared for my doctorate thesis, the dream that cherished my mind a long time ago has become a reality for me, then I became before a matter which is not easy to overcome, and I engaged to a task for which its finishing and overcoming does not mean ending for all its requirements, as it is higher and more solemn, but If you cannot take it all, do not leave it all, so it is an honor to me to go along with those who search for the secrets of the Arabic language and its sciences. Praise be to Allah who granted the Arabic language working servants and bestowed them knowledge and gave them provision of earnestness and sincerity, they became supporters and keepers of them, perishing ages for them and fill books with them. The prophethood, which Allah has made it limited to a number of His human creatures to be guiders for people in the course of their lives to be built on the basis of wisdom unless the individual entrusted with the group of certain characteristics that is distinguished from the others.The prophethood is a special privilege that Allah has singled out for a number of his allies, as he said in his holy book (Quran) : ((Those were the ones upon whom Allah bestowed favor from among the prophets of the descendants of Adam and of those We carried [in the ship] with Noah, and of the descendants of Abraham and Israel, and of those whom We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration and weeping.)) In spite of this divine selection of them, and distinguish them from other human beings and communicate with Allah by the revelation, nevertheless they have been exposed to many forms of skepticism and a range of impugnment until they launch a charge against, them with the major sins and prohibited abominable acts, On the other hand, there is a group of people who have glorified them in piety and purity and distinguished them from other people.This is why I thought to study this topic to be my PhD. thesis, and based on the nature of the study and its obligations, the research divided into three chapters preceded by introduction and preface, and followed by the conclusion, and the preface was a presentation of the concept of inerrancy (infallibleness) and the differences among the Islamic sects in opinions, while the first chapter is a study of the significance of the Quranic vocabulary in the verses of the infallibility, which was divided into four researches, the first is the indication of the words (عصى disobeyed and غوى went astry) directed to Adam (peace be upon him) by disobedience, and the second was to study the significance of the words (نقدر we can and الظالمين oppressors) directed to Yunus (pbuh)and the third was to study the word (نسيت I forgot) said by Moses (pbuh), the fourth was to study the meaning of the word ( وزرك your sin) addressed at the Prophet Mohammed (Prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him and his progeny).The second chapter was devoted to the study of the morphological formula in the verses of infallibility, which includes three researches, the first of which was to study the significance of the formula of individuals in the reign of David and Solomon and accusation of the prophet David of the mistake in judgment, and the second was competent to study the significance of the name of preference (الاعلى supreme) in the accusation of Moses (pbuh) with fear, the third was to study the significance of the name of the preference (ضالا astray) in the attribution of misguidance to the Messenger (Prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him and his progeny).The third chapter was concerned with the study of the grammatical significance in the verses of infallibility, which was divided into three researches as well, the first was in the method of deletion and included : first, deleting the related part of the sentence conditional answer in accusing Prophet Yusuf (pbuh) in intending to perform the act, and secondly, deleting the related part of present participle in accusing Prophet Moses (pbuh) in astray, and thirdly deleting the object in accusing Prophet Moses (pbuh) to ask for the vision of Allah Almighty, and the second research was to study the significance of defining the grammatical reference and also included : firstly, determining the reference of pronouns in the word (ردوها return..), secondly, identifying the actor's reference to his action in accusing Abraham (peace be upon him) by lying, and thirdly, defining the reference of speech its author which is divided into : - Specifying the reference of the speech with the doubt. - Determining the reference of the speech to forgiveness of guilt. - Determining the reference of the speech by frown and turning away.In the third research, I have studied the significance of the methods in the verses of infallibility and included : firstly, the significance of the conditional method in the affliction of the honorable Prophet in accusing him also of Polytheism, and secondly, the significance of forbidding the Prophet in accusing him of obeying polytheists and hypocrites, and thirdly, the significance of the method of supplication in accusing the Prophet in doing sin, and finally we mentioned the findings of the research in the conclusion.

الاعمال والاهمال النحويان في القران الكريم == Validating or neglecting Grammatically in Holy Koran

Author name: عادل غانم طعمة
Supervisor name: خديجة عبد الرزاق الحديثي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The meaning of validating is a grammatically term, and that is what caused changes in the last of words, and the working term may be verb at most, or may be name or character. The neglecting is leaving that work in working term for some reason or lack of work conditions if it was working with specific conditions, the neglecting may be in the original word that mean, the word is not working in origin, it is against validating or it’s the opposite. This subject Examines in these terms (working or neglected) based on what came in the holy Koran, evidence and examples, and not extrapolated inventory, and as required by the foundations of scientific research came as follows : 1 - Introduction : Brief Outlining for the explanation and illustration of research, and we thanks who proposed the topic of our elders, and the our reason for selecting him, and we thanks who cooperating with us in this search.2 - Foreword : Manipulating the two terms ( Validating and neglecting) in grammatically and traditionally means as well as in Arabic grammar. 3 - Chapter I : studying validating and neglecting in Arabic grammar and synonyms of terms, and what they based on of Arabic grammar assets, and types of factors.4 - Chapter II : Manipulating the verbal factor (verb and name) as receipt in holy Koran, and its mentioned in few non - famous readings. And its manifests from the holy Koran and what's agreed of grammar books.5 - Chapter III : deals with verbal factor ( working characters) and on the basis of previous chapter itself.6 - Chapter IV : examines the moral factor, and deals with the grammar means and clarify them, and we put with him dialectic cases for factor.7 - Chapter V : deals with characters always grammatically neglected, and also based on holy Koran in its meaning and the examples of explanation and study.8 - Conclusion : It is an Abstract for the study, and summarization of research results.9 - list of references and resources : books, or research, or thesises, or magazines, we use or adopted in our study. We completing this study as a part of the requirements for doctorate degree in Arabic language Department, from College of Language and Koran Sciences at the Islamic University / Baghdad, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Khadija Abdul Razzaq al - Hadithi, great thanks for her distortions and evaluation for mistakes, and the developed Platform that we use as a guide for us, and I thank her once again, and I thank all elders, our friends who helped us in completion of this work and God who is the conciliator

المكان في الدراسات السردية العراقية الحديثة نشاتها واتجاهاتها == The place in modern Iraqi narrative studies Its origins and trends

Author name: لواء تقي عبد نور العيساوي
Supervisor name: فاروق محمود عبد الله الحبوبي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The place has played a prominent role in the modern narrative texts, since it has become a major unit in it; where the concept of place has witnessed an expansion of symbolic, symbolic and aesthetic, the exposure opens wide horizons to the aesthetics of the narrative text as well as its symbolism and functionBased on the above, critics have been working on the subject of the place after it, which is the basis of narrative work, not only as an area in which events occur, but as a means to probe the depths of the human sense associated with conscience and what belongs to it. The place of the earth, the home and the homeland, and what surrounds these things and other intimacy and belonging , Hostility and division, all of which have profound artistic values, connotations and purposes.Thus, the importance of the place appears in its cultural, psychological and political dimension, on the one hand, and its artistic dimension, which is characterized by its profound impact on the elements of novel construction on the other, is clear. This has made many critics and scholars cast their allegiance in this field. Some of them claimed leadership, The study aims to trace the origin of the study of place in the modern Iraqi narratives, and examine this critical discourse through a descriptive methodology with an analytical vision aimed at The study of the place in the modern Iraqi narratives, its origins and trends. The researcher reported from the sources that I meant to study the place in the Iraqi monetary studies, which formed the main motto in the construction ofBthe thesis, As well as Arab and Western sources, which provided us with a wide area of movement and research.This thesis came in a preface, and three chapters followed by a conclusion that included the main findings of the researchWe devoted the preface to address the problematic of the term, and to stop the research when the critics used the terms (space and space), and what these terms of the overlap of semantic and procedural.The first chapter was entitled "The Origins of the Study of Place in Literature". This chapter was divided into three sections. The first one was concerned with the study of the place in the Western scholars. The emergence of the place phenomenon in Arabic literature.In the second chapter we studied the mechanisms of studying the place in the early Iraqi studies. This chapter was divided into three sections, the first one was concerned with the study of dividing the place and the second studied the construction of the place, description and composition. ). The third chapter was entitled (Directions of the study of the place). It was divided into two sections, the first one was concerned with the study of the external direction. The course included the contextual monetary methods adopted by the critics in the approach of the place. This course follows the texts that guided the critics in the approach of the placeWe can summarize the main findings of the research as follows : - The development of the concept of place and completed as a theory that has an effective influence in the Western criticism by the French critic Gaston Pacheler, who studied the placeCaesthetically. This achievement was manifested in his famous book "Aesthetics of the Place ... : " - In spite of the delay of the Arab monetary achievement regarding the place, it recorded a turning point after the second half of the twentieth century, as the new concept of the novelist place began to appear in creative products and narrative money. However, it remained within the limits of the special glimpses that did not meet the theoretical level, Cash. - The Iraqi cash register was the pioneer in opening the horizon of Arab criticism on an issue that was not aware of the Arab culture. This was manifested by the Iraqi critic Yassin al - Nasir, who presented a realistic social vision of the place's relationship with the text - The research concluded that the Iraqi critic directed to monitor this dominant element (place) and its approach according to the monetary trends according to the intellectual and cultural backgrounds that emanate from it. The critics did not move away from two viewpoints, the first is an external trend and the other is a useful internal trend of contextual and textual monetary approaches in dealing with Literary texts.In conclusion, I would like to thank and thank all the media theologians, and our last prayer is to thank God, the Lord of the Worlds, and to pray to His Messenger, the faithful, the God and His Companions.

صورة الذات في شعر الشريف الرضي == Self - Image in the Poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi

Author name: قاسم كريم احمد حمد الخولاني
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الودود عثمان الحمداني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The idea of the study is to investigate the poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi (d.406 A.H.) in a way that leads to the self - image in it. If we want to reach that aim, we should know the self and the image in isolation. Then, observe the poetry that contain it. Al Shareef Al Radhi is a poet that introduced himself to Arabic literature through his poetry.The significance of the study lies in carrying the name of a famous poet whose poetry still recited a thousand years since his death. On the other hand, the type and quality of his poetry that can be suitable to any type of scientific and critical studies.Al Shareef Al Radhi is regarded as the most accurate poet in description in his poetry. His poetry is the most accurate in documenting his life stages , the depth of his personality , and the secrets of his soul. He is regarded as one of the great Arab poets of all times. He was distinguished by the richness of his poetic art and the variety of the topics that it addressed. So, his poetry is regarded as a huge classic heritage that affected the literary and linguistic ideology to the extent that some of the early authors put him on the lead of all Arab poets of all time.Al Shareef Al Radhi was born in the fourth Hijri century (359A.H.) which is the peak of Islamic civilization. The Abbasid age is regarded as the greatest age in the Islamic history. It was the age of civilization, science, literature, intellectual opening. The fruit of that age was the names of the scientists and writers that reached to us. This advance was accompanied by the greatest episodes of political conflicts between the foreign interference represented by Buyid dynasty and Abbasid authority. This led to a great diturbance in the lifestyle ,especially, social life. It1created severe class differences to the extent that some have a huge fortune and others cannot afford their food.Al Shareef Al Radhi's family suffered from those circumstances. Adhudh Al Dawla arrested his father and imprisoned him in the caslle prison in Fars and confiscated his estates in 369 A.H. Al Shareef Al Radhi was only ten years old at that time.This study is divided into three chapters proceeded by an introduction and a background entitled "On the Concept of Self - image : A Theoretical Introduction". In the first chapter, which is entitled " Triggers of Self - occurring and the Crystallization of Image", the researcher discussed the triggers of his poetry which is accompanied by his poetic genius to write the greatest poem. One of these triggers is Islam and his strong faith and his noble origin because his fifth grandfather is Imam Musa bin Jaafar Al Khadhim (PUH) and connected to the golden chain that reaches the Prophet Mohammed (ABAPUH). The other poetic trigger is Arabism that was in his blood and a characteristic of his poetry as well as the social circumstances which is dealt with in a dedicated chapter due to its effect on the poet. His poetry was originated from his suffering. The last section of this chapter was devoted to discuss the poet's genius and innovation.The second chapter discussed the Beduinism which was a characteristic of his poetry by his pride in himself , self - mirror, and sense of exile.In the third chapter, the researcher discussed the compound self concept by following the dominant pattern and religious belonging. It also discussed the conservative self and the rebellious self.2The conclusion discussed extracts of self - image in the poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi and the following findings of the study : 1. Al Shareef Al Radhi renewed Arabic language and vocabulary by the noble meaning of his poetry and innovating new vocabulary and others derived from imagination.2. His poetry was yearning for the genuine Arabic traditions. He was not affected by the appearances that corrupted the Islamic ethics which was clear in his metaphors.The conclusions also contained a recommendation which is the need for studying the poetic text in a qualitative way because it can respond to any critical method and carries a precious heritage.

شعر تميم بن مقبل في الدرس النقدي العربي القديم == The poetry of Tameem Bin Mukbil in The Classical Critical Lesson

Author name: مخلص سليم جاسم دلي
Supervisor name: وسن عبد المنعم ياسين الزبيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The Importance of this study stems from the maven personality of Tameem bin Mukbil as he has his own finger print on Arabic literature specifically as he was pagan characteristics in his thoughts , spirit , habits and traditions Tameem respected Islam , but he believed that this religion separated him from his beloved wife "Aldahmaa" . He couldnt stop loving her and longing for her , although he married her after his fathers death as shy was his fathers wife originally . So he must treat her as a mother ,But he loved her and treated her as a beloved .Tameem was brilliant at description , love , pride , Satire , compliment , lamination complaint , wisdom and preachment which were dominant in the pre - Islamic literature . He used various eloquent styles like simile , metaphor and antonomasia beside other prosodic phenomena . He was a Muslim with a pagan spirit .
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