Author name:
اماني عبد الرضا ياسين
Supervisor name:
عبد الحسن حنون جبرة الله
Abstract:
Gaining study of the general political conditions for the Country of AlSHAM during the erea of great importance to the study, due to "geographical important to its location, and Macklh this region of the geopolitical depth of Iraq (the capital of the Abbasid state), Egypt (the capital of the Fatimid state), not to mention the fact that the territory is a border area adjacent to the State of the Byzantine enemy foe of both these two countries, as reflected also important "because it has become Square" of the conflict and expand the influence of these countries on each other's expense.Internally, "has seen the third and fourth century AD / ninth and tenth centuries the emergence of local political forces, has sought full force to create entities with independent or semi - independent of the two Fatimid and Abbasid, and did not care about or care about in the Declaration of allegiance sometimes" the Fatimids and sometimes "other Abasids, and sometimes "declares Tbiatha of the Byzantine State when they feel that there is a risk of running out of existence, Tulunid as the state that Egypt and the Levant and the state ruled Hamdania and Almrdasih Alaqilah and state that ruled Aleppo and most of the northern Levant regions and stomata and capitals, as the Levant saw the matchup" sharply "between those countries and Arab tribes where such big brown dog in Damascus and Aleppo in brown dogs and brown surgeon Taiaan in Palestine, these tribes oscillating in their loyalty and Tbiatha to both the Abbasid and Fatimid two countries, despite tendencies to independence whenever the opportunity.After the emergence of the Seljuks the mid - fifth century AH / atheist century AD as a young and enable them to establish their own state in Persia and Iraq, it is the other looked firmly towards the control of the Levant, and was able to record time to extend its influence on the most important areas of the Levant and depth of the economic and political (Damascus and Aleppo) and the establishment of Seljuks Sham state - by - side state Seljuks rum and its capital (Nicea), has inherited Alotopkyh state, which was founded in the Levant in the first half of the sixth / twelfth century, Ayyubid and the state, which was founded in the Levant and Egypt at the end of the fifth decade of the sixteenth century state property Seljuk in the Levant, despite its declaration of loyalty and subordination of the Seljuk Sultanate of whether in Baghdad or Isfahan.This challenges the political and military implications faced by the political forces in the Levant has spawned, has emerged and appeared for the existence of events forces a popular local strength of youth non - formal response "to the implications and challenges, whether on the political, economic and social level, as a result of the deterioration of the political situation in the light of competition feverish between the major powers at the time (the Fatimid and Abbasid and Byzantine states) on the one hand, internal strife between the princes of the Levant on the other hand, has caused the absence Alastaqraralfody and confusion and loss of internal security and damaged the internal and external trade routes to the deterioration of the living conditions of the population of the Levant, and to the growth of youth events force and Tmzarha appearance of strength competition for those forces, after the purpose of its existence secure atmosphere "safe" for the people of the cities and its neighboring villages, Ooltkon synonymous with "irregular forces in the Levant big cities of Damascus and Aleppo, at least.This study is gaining importance, as it deals with the role of the local force (events) is important in the political life in the Levant and in particular (Damascus and Aleppo), and the extent of their impact in changing the course of maize political events, whether internal or external, with its immense popularity force capable of pressure on the top of the pyramid of powers that ruled the Levant during the era of the study until Khchiha successors of the Abbasid and Fatimid and Ullachma the two, so he went rulers Levantine cities Attoddon and Taatqrbun them to enlist their support and loyalty, or at least neutralized during periods of conflict between these two countries, and won events forces wide fame in the Levant and a variety of colorful formations as a result of sectarian and confessional diversity in these areas, as was the strength of (events) role "important" on the external political and military level, it has exceeded its role establish security and order to contribute to an influential force in the defense of the entity of their own countries in the Levant against external threats represented by the Byzantine invasion and crusader for the country Sham.The study methodology was required divided into chapters and sections, which included the first section of the first chapter : General Levant geographical study ", Damascus and Aleppo private" in terms of location Aljgraca, climate and terrain, installations Urban them. The second topic dealt with the term events language "and idiomatically" in terms of semantics language to pronunciation, idiomatic and definition and structure of these forces and their sources of funding.The second chapter included two sections : first, included the subject of events forces and their impact on political life in Damascus since the emergence of these forces is clearly the mid - fourth century AH / tenth century and even the beginnings of the crusader forces emergence on the political scene in the Levant the year 489 AH, the second topic : included also "the role of these popular forces in Aleppo since the advent of Hamdania state in 333 AH through" Almrdasih state by virtue of the city and then followed Alaqilah state and even Seljuk Jqubh control them and the emergence of the beginnings of the Crusader presence in Muslim lands the year 489 AH.The third chapter included the first part, the role of events forces in political life in Damascus from the year 490 AH and even atrophy and wither and melt such a force controlled by the Ayyubid a sham in the fourth quarter from the sixth century AH / second century AD, as well as ensure the second part, its role in the political life since the year 490 AH and even the rule of the Ayyubid to Aleppo and gradual extinction, "the study also included a conclusion and a list of sources and references research.
