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العمارة والازمة اثار الحرب في الانساق الحضرية == Crisis And Architecture Effects of War On Urban Patterns

Author name: شيماء طلال عبود
Supervisor name: اريج كريم مجيد السدخان
General topic: Architecture
Specific topic: Architecture Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Crisis represents one of the most important factors that lead to radical changes in the city systems within a short period of time, and because of the war being one of the most important causes and results of a crisis; therefore war changes the city systems in different aspects.The war mechanism mainly depends on its destructive energy which affects directly the city systems, as well as its physical and symbolic components; nevertheless, the city constantly tries to balance itself by controlling its changing elements in the reconstruction process to form a new balanced state.A comprehensive theoretical framework capable of building integrated basic concepts about reconstruction of cities influenced by war and its effects on urban patternschange was absent in the literature.This have led to the creation of the basic research problem which is "the lack of a professional knowledge concerned with the concepts of city urban patterns and their changes during crises."Therefore, the aim of the research is to clarify the physical relation between war and the patterns of urban fabric. This will be done by studying the effects of the war massive destructive energy on the urban patterns through related literature such as chaos theory and its applications in mathematical field (fractal geometry) which will help in establishing a database concerned with the concepts of crisis, war, pattern, fractal and change. In order to accomplish this aim the research suggests a main hypothesis, which is "the war may demolish the fractal characteristics of the urban fabric by changing its patterns" and a secondary hypothesis "the reconstruction process plays a vital role in controlling the fractal characteristics of the urban fabric".The research structure comprises chapters discussing the research fundamental concepts by implementing a scientific analytical methodology and chaos theory since the war is an unpredictable state with high energy that follows non linear path and a wide range of probabilities.Chapter One comprises introduction and the literature review which is of great importance in determining research problem, aims, hypothesis, and methodology.Chapter Two discusses the nature of crisis and war by studying their types, conducts, mechanisms, and theories to extract the interrelationship between them; ultimately the chapter ends with discussing their damages to the system.Chapter Three discusses the nature of pattern and its changes by studying its components, types, mechanisms, and theories in order to recognize pattern's necessity for the continuity within the urban fabric.Chapter Four discusses the theoretical framework of war and pattern change by investigating how the crisis may deform the fractal properties of the urban fabric through transforming the existing physical patterns.Chapter Five is the practical application of the theoretical framework which tests a number of regional and international examples by applying the research hypothesi on a number of selected samples and finally proves the validity of the research hypothesis in Baghdad reconstruction proposal.Chapter Six finally ends the research with conclusions and recommendations to sustain the fractal characteristics of cities damaged by wars, through reconstructing structure from the beginning with the appropriate trends of reconstruction; otherwise the inevitable patterns that develop as a result will cut across the original fractal properties.

سلوك ركائز الجسور المغمورة في طبقات التربة تحت تاثير هزة ارضية == Behavior of Bridge Piles Substructure Embedded Into Soil Layers During Earthquake

Author name: نور احسان علي
Supervisor name: Ammar A. Abdul Rahman
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تقييم سلوك دعامات الجسور والتربة المحيطه بها تحت تاثير الهزات الارضية اصبح ضروري بالعراق خاصة بعد الهزات التي ضربت وسط وجنوب العراق بالسنوات الاخيرة.تم استخدام نموذج ثلاثي الابعاد من العناصر المحددة لتمثيل التربه المحيطة بركائز الجسور المستخدمة في العراق | The evaluation of the interaction of bridge piers with surrounding soils during earthquakes become necessary in Iraq especially after the influential earthquakes hit middle and south of Iraq during the last few years.A three dimensional finite element mo

النمذجة بالعناصر المحددة للاعمدة الخرسانية المسلحة المحملة لامركزيا والمقواة بالياف الكاربون البوليمرية == Finite Element Modeling of Eccentrically Loaded Rc Columns Confined With Cfrp

Author name: علي ماجد لفتة
Supervisor name: نبيل محمد علي
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) becomes common in recent decades to strengthen most concrete structural elements because these fibers possess high tensile strength, through which it can increase the resistance of these elements to intern

التشوهات وضغط الماء المسام في ترب بغداد المتماسكة باستخدام انموذج السطح المحيط == Deformation And Pore Water Pressure Respinse of Baghdad Cohesive Soils Using Bounding Sueface Plasticity Model

Author name: احمد علي حسين التميمي
Supervisor name: قاسيون سعد الدين محمد شفيق
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ادى التطور الحاصل في طريقة العناصر المحددة finite element method الى حلول متقدمة في مشاكل الانضمام, وخاصة في التعامل مع الابعاد الھندسية المعقدة وشروط الحدود.( Boundary conditions في ھذه الدراسة, نفذ العمل المختبري لايجاد معاملات انموذج السطح المحيط لل | The development of finite element methods has led to the advanced solution of consolidation problems, especially when dealing with complex geometry and boundary conditions.In this study, experimental work was carried out in order to obtain bounding surfa

التحليل الثلاثي الابعاد للحفريات بطريقة العناصر المحددة وباستخدام انموذج السطح المحيط المرن اللدن == Three - Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Excavation Using The Elasto - Plastic Bounding Surface Model

Author name: فادي لؤي عبو
Supervisor name: Qassun Sa'ad Al | deen mohammed Shafiqu | Raid R, Al | omari
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Three - dimensional finite element analysis for excavation problems is conducted in this study to investigate the significance of three - dimensional analysis in these problems.A main computer program has been modified to perform the timedependent three

سلوك العتبات الخرسانية ناعمة الدقائق المسلحة المركبة عالية المقاومة وذاتية الرص ذوات مقطع T المصبوبة جزئيا في سواقي حديد == Behavior of Composite Reinforced Hs - Scm T - Beams Partially Cast In Steel Channels

Author name: ياسمين نوري خليل البريشة
Supervisor name: Laith Khalid Kamil AL | Hadithy
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحاجة الى الابتكار او لتطوير طريق جديدة لدمج الحديد والخرسانة تتزايد باستمرار من اجل تحقيق المتطلبات المعمارية المستمرة فيما يتعلق بالفضاءات واعماق العتبات، او فيما يتعلق بطرق التشييد الاقتصادية السريعة والبسيطة.وفقا ذلك، فان هذه الدراسة هي كمحاولة لتح | The need to innovate or to evolve new methods of combining steel and concrete fulfilling the continuously rising levels of architectural requirements in regard to beams spans and depths, or relevant to simple, quick and economical construction methods it

تحسين عمر الكلل لمنشا الرصف == Enhancement of Fatigue Life For Pavement Structure

Author name: مثال قدوري علي
Supervisor name: Nabil mohammed Ali hussein | Alaa hussein Abed
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اعادة تاهيل التبليط وتصدع طبقة الاسفلت الخارجية يمكن ان يتم ببساطة عن طريق اكساء طبقات اسفلت جديدة, هذا التصدع يكون بسبب القوى الخارجية الناتجة من حركة الاحمال المرورية واختلاف درجات الحرارة, الشقوق الموجودة او المفصلية تتقدم بسرعة كبيرة من طبقة التبليط ا | The rehabilitation of an existing cracked pavement made of asphalt can be simply done by the installation of new asphalt layers. Due to external forces from traffic and natural temperature variations, existing cracks or joints rapidly propagate out of the

سلوك الكتائف الخرسانية المسلحة تحت تاثير الاحمال الدورية التكرارية == Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Corbels Under Repeated Loading

Author name: رعد شامل فرحان
Supervisor name: احسان علي صائب الشعرباف | عادل عبد الامير العزاوي
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان استعمال العناصر الخرسانية المسبقة الصب في البناء والجسور اخذ بالاتساع خلال النصف الثاني من القرن الماضي. والكتائف الخرسانية هي مثال للاج زاء الانشائية المسبقة الصب. حيث تستخدم هذه الكتائف كمسند للعتبات والبلاطات والروافد الضخمة وكذلك الاعضاء الانشائية | The use of precast reinforced concrete element for the construction of buildings and bridges has become common during the second half of previous century. Corbels or (brackets), which are usually built monolithically with columns, are members that support

سلوك العتبات الخرسانية العميقة ذاتية الرص تحت تاثير الاحمال الدورية التكرارية == Behavior of Self Compacting Concrete Deep Beams Under Repeated Loading

Author name: عمر شمال فرحان حمد
Supervisor name: Riyadh J.Aziz | Ihsan A. S. AL | Shaarbaf
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Structural Engineering
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الغرض من ھذا البحث ھو تحري عن السلوك العملي والتحليلي للعتبات الخرسانية العميقة ذات مقاومة انضغاط اعتيادية وذات مقاومة انضغاط عالية تحت (Self - Compacted) ذاتية الرص باتجاه واحد لغاية الفشل. (Monotonic) والاحمال التزايدية (Repeated) تاثير الاحمال التكر | This research is devoted to investigate the experimental and numerical behavior of normal and moderate high strength self compacting concrete (SCC) deep beams under monotonic and repeated loading regimes.The experimental program consists of casting and t

تحليل الالواح السميكة المستطيلة المسندة على اسس مرنة ذات المعاملين == Analysis of Thick Rectangular Plates on Two Parameter Elastic Foundations

Author name: تقى وليد احمد
Supervisor name: Riyadh J.Aziz
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ھذا البحث يتعامل مع السلوك الخطي للصفائح السميكھ المسنده على اسس مرنه ذات معاملين. نظرية مندلن للوح السميك تم توسيعھا لتشمل تاثير استناد اللوح على اسس مرنه ذات معاملين.(Filonenko - تعتبر مشاكل الالواح السميكھ المسنده على اسس مرنھ ذات معاملين من التطبيقات | This research deals with the linear elastic behavior of thick plates resting on two parameter elastic foundations. Mindlin’s thick plate theory is used to include the effect of two parameter elastic foundation.As an application; the problems of thick pla

تصرف العتبات الخراسانية المسلحة تحت تاثير اللباب المنتزع بشكل كامل == Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected To Full - Drilled Cores

Author name: ميس صباح الكفيشي
Supervisor name: Adel A. Al | Azzawiziz
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول الدراسة الحالية تحري تصرف العتبات الخرسانية المسلحة المعرضة الى لباب منتزع بشكل كامل من خلال طريقتين : عملية ونظرية. ان العوامل الرئيسية التي تمت دراستها هي تغير مواقع وعدد اللباب الماخوذ. في الجزء العملي من البحث تم صب ستة عتبات باستخدام الخرسانة | This study presents an experimental and numerical analysis on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams subjected to fully - drilled cores failed to meet the design concrete strength. The main factors of this study are : the position and the nu

سلوك الروافد الفولاذية المركبة مفتوحة الوترات == Behavior of Composite Open Web Steel Joists

Author name: علي فرحان حديد احمد المحمدي
Supervisor name: رياض جواد الموسوي | ليث خالد الحديثي
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تصرف العتبات ( العوارض) الفولاذية المركبة قد تم دراستھا بمختلف المتغيرات،اھمھا 1.اسلوب 2.درجة الربط بين البلاطة والوتر الفولاذي العلوي 3.زاوية ميل (studs ) توزيع روابط القص اضلاع الجذع 4.شكل الجذع 5. كثافة الخرسانية للبلاطة 6. طول رابط القص.استخدمت سبعة | The behavior of the composite open web steel joists COWSJ with seven varying parameters is investigated. All fabricated joists have the same length and the same length - to - depth ratio which are 3000 mm and 12, respectively. The results of loading tests

سلوك العتبات الخرسانية المسلحة عالية المقاومة العميقة تحت تاثير الاحمال المتكررة == Behavior of High Strengh Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Under Repeated Loading

Author name: حسين محمد علي خضير
Supervisor name: Ihasn A.S.Al | sharbaf | Laith KH. Al | Hadithy
General topic: Civil Engineering
Specific topic: Civil Engineering
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم في ھذا البحث دراسة سلوك العتبات الخرسانية المسلحة عالية المقاومة تحت تاثير الاحمال المتكررة. حيث ان سلوك ھذا النوع من العتبات عادة تطغى عليھ تاثيرات احمال القصوالفشل القصيف. ان طبيعة الفشل المفاجئ للخرسانة عالية المقاومة تضيف صعوبة اضافية للحصول على تص | This study is concerned with the strength and behavior of deep beams made from highstrength concrete under reversed and non reversed repeated loading. The response of such beams is often strongly governed by the shear effects leading to shear induced brit

تقليل الاعاقة في الجريان المضطرب باستخدام البولي اكريل امايد وصمغ الزانثان : دراسة عملية ونظرية == Turbulent Drag Reduction By Polyacryl Amide And Xanthan Gum, Experimental And Theoretical Investigation

Author name: احمد عدنان عطشان
Supervisor name: جبار شنشول جمالي
General topic: Chemical Engineering
Specific topic: Chemical Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This work presents an experimental study of the drag - reduction performance of two water - soluble polymers, Polyacrylamide(PAAM) as flexible, linear synthetic polymer and Xanthan Gum(XG) as a rigid polysaccharide from natural resources. The flow loop used consisted of 0.5 O.D. inch straight pipe with a test section of 3 m length. A 0.5 inch O.D. vertical tubing with elbows was also included to compare the drag - reduction behavior between both tubing configurations. Various concentrations of polymeric additive and water flow rates were tested. The results show that the drag - reduction in vertical piping are significantly lower than in straight type for both polymer type. The dragreduction efficiency of Xanthan Gum agent is much lower than polyacrylamide. Higher concentrations of XG about 150 ppm is required to get exactable drag - reduction performance about 12.84% in the straight pipe. While about 40.3% drag - reduction was achieved with about 50 ppm Polyacrylamide with the same conditions. Moreover, the drag - reduction efficiency of XG can be improved by mixing with Polyacrylamide agent at a given conditions.Part of the experimental work was devoted to study the performance of Polyacrylamide as drag - reducing agent with the existence of small amounts of sodium chloride acts as an inhibitor to the ability of the additive, resulting in lower drag - reduction probably due to collapse of PAAM at more compact structure with the addition of sodium chloride as strong ionic salt.Polyacrylamide and Xanthan Gum additive undergo undesirable mechanical degradation with increasing of circulation time, leading to lower drag - reduction performance. The molecular degradation is likely to occur at low additive concentrations and low turbulence flow, in vertical piping, since the polymeric additives are exposed to shear stresses.Further attempt was done in present investigation to find correlations for accurately predicting drag - reduction characteristics of drag - reducing agents, used in published works. A published time scale hypothesis for prediction of drag - reduction values, the friction factor data as a function of the polymer concentration, shear stress, Reynolds number, pipe diameter. The experimental friction factor results were taken from a published work for gas oil with polyisobutylenes. Good agreement between measured and predicted friction factor. Further attempt was made to correlate the mechanical degradation ability by modifying the Kouraush, Williams and Watt (KWW) equation. The experimental data were taken from a published work for Polyethylene Oxide. The modified equation was found to fit experimental data better than the original KWW equation.

معالجة الماء الحاوي على النفط في حقول نفط العراق الجنوبية == Oily Water Treatments For Southern Iraqi Oil Fields

Author name: عقيل شيخة عرفات
Supervisor name: خالد مخلف موسى
General topic: Chemical Engineering
Specific topic: Chemical Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: عمليات الحفر تنتج كميات كبيرة من الماء الملوث يعرف بالماء المنتج او الماء المنتج من البئر. مختبريا تم التحقق باستخدام Autoclave بحجم لتر واحد مصنوع من مادة الصلب stainless steel لمعالجة الماء المنتج من حقول الرميلة الشمالية والزبير الخطوة الاولى استخدمت م | The oil drilling operations create large quantities of contaminated water known as “Produced Water” (PW), or water that is produced from the well. An experimental investigation was conducted using 1litter stainless steel autoclave to treat the oily water produced from North Rumaila and Zubair oil fields. The first approach was a pretreatment to remove solid particles using sedimentation with and without flocculation. The second approach included studied the effect of pH, pressure, temperature, salinity, operation time, outlet time and RPM. The third approach was investigate the effect of the surfactants (detergents and alcohol) to reduce surface tension, finally, was addition of some sorbents like polypropylene, polyethylene, used plastic and sawdust.The ranges of salinity, pH, pressure and temperature were selected according to the PW conditions which out from dehydrator and desalter (80000 ppm, 6, 3bar and 60°C respectively), the RPM of mixer was selected to satisfy laminar flow, while the time of operation and outlet product represented the minimum residence time in batch reactor and its discharge to choose the minimum design cost. The results showed that the best conditions were : - Pressure =1 bar, temperature =45°C, mixer speed =300 RPM, treating time =15 min and skim time starting =5 minutes. Best additives to reduce surface tension : ethanol volume = 0.05vol %, powder detergent = 400 mg/litter and liquid detergent volume = 0.03vol%. Best sorbents : Sawdust amount addition = 2.5 gm, polypropylene = 4 gm, polyethylene = 3 gm and used plastic = 2.5 gm The results showed that using polymers made a great change in the oil recovery percent (all the oil was recovered).

تقيم كفاءة مزيج مثبط التاكل لمحاكاة مياه التبريد باستخدام القطب الاسطواني الدوار == Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors Blend Efficiency For Simulated Cooling Waters Using Rotating Cylinder Electrode

Author name: عبير عبد الخالق القصب
Supervisor name: قاسم جبار سليمان
General topic: Chemical Engineering
Specific topic: Chemical Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم بحث كفائة مثبط التاكل لمزيج من نتريت الصوديوم / سداسي فوسفات الصوديوم على تاكل الفولاذ الكربوني في محاكاة انظمة مياه التبريد من خلال فقدان الوزن وتقنية الاستقطاب الكهروكيميائية. شملت الدراسة تاثير درجة الحرارة30، 45، 60 ?م، سرعة الدوران 200، 600، 1000 | The corrosion inhibition action of a blend of sodium nitrite/sodium hexametaphosphate (SN+SHMP) on corrosion of carbon steel in simulated cooling water systems (CWS) has been investigated by weight loss and electrochemical polarization technique. The effects of temperature 30, 45, and 60 oC, rotational velocity 200, 600, and 1000 rpm, and salts concentrations (0.005 N, 0.01 N, 0.03 N, 0.05 N) NaCl + 0.0736 N Na2SO4 on corrosion of carbon steel were studied in the absence and presence of mixed inhibiting blend (SN+SHMP). Also, the effects of inhibitors blend concentrations of 600 ppm, and 800 ppm (SN+SHMP), at temperatures of 30, and 60 oC, and rotational velocity of 200 and 1000 rpm, on corrosion rate of carbon steel were studied using Second - order Rotatable Design (Box - Wilson Design) to identify the significant effects and interaction in performing weight loss studies and corrosion potential approach. Electrochemical polarization measurements were used to study the behavior of carbon steel in different salt concentrations of (CWS) with pH of 7.5 in absence and presence of the inhibiting blend. The results showed that increasing the temperature, rotational velocity, and NaCl salts concentration leads to an increase in the corrosion rate for both uninhibited and inhibited solutions. The regression model (Box - Wilson Design) that has been developed using experimental data was used to verify that the interaction term of temperature with inhibitors blend and the square term of inhibitors blend are significant for corrosion rate in 0.05 N NaCl solution while the main variables are not pronounced. Also, it is found that the corrosion rate decreases with increases in inhibitor blend concentration up to 800 ppm in 0.05 N NaCl solution. Inhibitor blend concentration of 600 ppm is highly effective giving a high efficiency in 0.005, 0.01 and 0.03 N NaCl solutions of 98.5%, 97.7%, and 96% respectively. Electrochemical polarization studies show that increasing the inhibitors blend concentration (SN+SHMP) shifts the corrosion potential to more noble value (more positive), indicating the anodic nature of the inhibiting blend used.

تاكل الفولاذ الكاربوني تحت ظروف الخلط في وسط ثنائي الطور لمحلول ملحي مع زيت الغاز وثنائي اوكسيد الكاربون والسيطرة علية بالحماية الكاثودية == Corrosion of Carbon Steel In Stirred Two Phase Media of Brine - Gas Oil And Brine - CO2 And Prevention By Cathodic Protection

Author name: ساهر محمد عزيز
General topic: Chemical Engineering
Specific topic: Chemical Engineering
Degree: Master
University: Al-Nahrain University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Corrosion tests of carbon steel (CS) in single and two phase media of two immiscible liquids (CaCO3 solution - gasoil mixture) and liquid - gas (CaCO3 solution - CO2 gas) under different operating conditions of temperature, agitation velocity, phase fractions, gas flow rate, and immersion time were carried out using weight loss method and electrochemical polarization technique. Flat blade disc turbine mixer was used to simulate the two phase flow conditions.The ranges of operating parameters in two immiscible phase tests were agitation velocities of (0 - 1200 rpm), temperature of (25 - 45 oC), (1 - 10 vol %) gas oil. The effect of presence of acids such as HCl and H2SO4 on corrosion rate was also investigated under different conditions.Corrosion rate (iL) measurements in CO2 saturated solution were also attained in different operating conditions of temperatures(25 - 45 oC), agitation velocity (0 - 800 rpm), salts concentrations (2.5 × 10 - 3 to 9.9 × 10 - 3M), CO2 flow rate (0.142 to1.132 m3/h ), and immersion time by determining the limiting current density.The pH values, oxygen solubility, and electrical conductivity of tested solutions were measured under all to interpret the obtained result.The results revealed that increasing agitation velocity and temperature leads to an increase of the corrosion rate in single phase brine solution. The corrosion rate in brine - gasoil mixture is irregularly varied with concentration of gasoil and agitation velocity. The limiting current density in single phase CaCO3 increases with the increase in agitation velocity, concentration of brine, and temperature. The corrosion rate in two phase brine - CO2 mixture decreases with the increase of agitation velocity flow rate of CO2, temperature, and immersion time. The corrosion potential of Carbon steel under various conditions were determined and discussed.Cathodic protection was used to protect carbon steel in brine - CO2 mixture by using zinc as sacrificial anode under different operating conditions of flow rate of CO2, agitation velocity, and temperature. Good corrosion protection efficiency was attained.

اداء الحماية الكاثودية لخطوط الانابيب == Performance of Cathodic Protection For Pipe Lines

Author name: انس ثائر علي
Supervisor name: نصير عبود عيسى الحبوبي
General topic: Chemical Engineering
Specific topic: Chemical Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان تاكل الهياكل المعدنية المدفونة في التربة والتي على اتصال مع التربة لفترة طويلة تعتبر مشكلة هندسية واقتصادية كبيرة.في جميع انحاء العالم هنالك الكثير من انابيب النفط والغاز والماء وكابلات الاتصالات وكذلك صهاريج التخزين والمباني والاسسات والعديد من الهيا | The corrosion of metallic structures buried in soils or in contact with soils has long been a serious engineering and economic problem. All over the world millions of kilometers of gas, water, oil pipelines, communication cables, power cables as well as storage tanks, buildings foundations, and many other structures are buried in the soil, suffering from soil corrosion problems which affect mainly the external surfaces of these structures. In many countries pipelines are by far the most important means of hydrocarbon transportation. This applies to the transport of crude, finished products and natural gas.It is an international problem with more structures and materials buried in the soil. The truly international scope of interest of this subject can be seen by the amount of literature and researches in this field. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by the use of various types of techniques. The most common and applicable technique is cathodic protection.In this research a carbon steel pipe of length 100 cm buried in a wooden box submerged by soil and impressed current cathodic protection system (ICCP).was applied using power supply and electrical closed circuit, several important factors affecting the pipe protection from corrosion has been studied, like Anode position (distance and depth), soil resistivity (wet and dry), condition the pipe (coated and un - coated), distribution of potential and currents along the pipe(cathode) and the amount of current required to achieve cathodic protection.A correlation was achieved to simulate the ranges of parameters and factors affecting Impressed Current Cathodic Protection. Regression of this model to data and results yielded parameter values vary depending on the effect of the same factor.

تصميم وتنفيذ نظام لاسلكي لمراقبة درجة الحرارة باستخدام الزيجبي ZigBee == Design And Implementation of A Wireless Temperature Monitoring System Using Zigbee

Author name: علي حمید توفیق محسن
General topic: Computer Engineering
Specific topic: Computer Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: شبكة الاستشعار اللاسلكية (WSN) ھي عبارة عن مجموعة من العقد يتم تنظيمھا في شبكة تعاونية. لدى كل عقدة في تلك الشبكة قدرة على المعالجة، وتحتوي على ذاكرة، ولديھا جھاز ارسال واستقبال لاسلكي، ولديھا مصدر للطاقة، وتستوعب مختلف اجھزة الاستشعار والمحركات. النظام | A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of nodes organized into a cooperative network. Each node consists of processing capability, memory, RF transceiver, power source, and accommodates various sensors and actuators. The proposed system in this

استخراج الطرق اعتمادا على تقنية الافاعي المنطادية == Road Extraction Based on Balloon Snakes Technique

Author name: فراس فاهم عبد الحسن الصكبان
Supervisor name: محمد احمد المشهداني
General topic: Computer Engineering
Specific topic: Computer Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان استخراج الطرق من الصور الجوية وصور الاقمار الصناعية يؤدي دورا مهما في رسم الخرائط وتخطيط يحتاج الى تحديث سريع للطرق (GIS) شبكات الطرق الجديدة. ان التطور الحالي في نظام المعلومات الجغرافية في كل ارجاء الكوكب.خلال العقود الاخيرة طورت الكثير من الطرق الا | The extraction of roads from aerial and satellite images is an important task within cartography and planning of new road networks. The recent developments of the Geographic Information System (GIS) require rapid updates of roads all over the planet. Over

تصميم وتنفيذ ذراع انسان الي لحركة الانسان == Design And Impelementation of Robotic Manipulator For Human Movements

Author name: احمد فاضل شنته
Supervisor name: Mohammed Zeki AL | Faiz
General topic: Computer Engineering
Specific topic: Computer Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Most human interactions with the environment depend on our ability to navigate freely and to use our hands and arms to manipulate objects. An ideal interface for Humanoid Robotic Operation (HRO) will be person - independent, inexpensive, easy to use, requ

تجزئة الحزمة لالغاء الضوضاء المتكيف في تنقية الاشارة الكلامية == Subband Decomposition For Adaptive Noise Cancellation In Speech Enhancement

Author name: حوراء فاضل عبيد
Supervisor name: منال جميل الكندي
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Nowadays speech processing methods are usually implemented in the time or frequency domain. Filter bank can be considered as a divide and conquer approach within signal processing, since large problems are sub - divided into many smaller problems. While filter banks are essential components of speech processing, and in signal processing in general, they will have the focus in present days. An adaptive filter is a filter that self adjusts its transfer function according to its optimizing algorithms. Least mean square algorithm has slow convergence when used with nonstationary signals like speech and it has high computational cost but normalization of step size (or input signal) leads to a useful variant of the LMS algorithm known as the normalized LMS (NLMS) algorithm, which gives better convergence characteristics than the LMS because it uses a variable step - size with respect to the input signal power.To improve the convergence rate and/or computational complexity and also to overcome the disadvantage of a full band adaptive filtering, a structure is illustrated that is subband adaptive filtering; this will converge faster at a lower computational cost for speech and white noise inputs.This research shows most types of subband decomposition structures and makes comparison among them based on their performance to cancel the noise with minimum computational complexity, maximum convergence speed and maximum noise cancellation with lowest delay.Moreover three new hybrid tree configurations or the tree decom - position are proposed to maximize the overall performance of adaptive noisecancellation system.They are given the abbreviations HTPSAF1,HTPSAF2 and HTPSAF3. These three systems use polyphase filter bank that has showed a noticeable increase in the convergence speed and large reduction in the computational complexity due to the lower number of coefficients that can be achieved for the analysis/synthesis filters, which in turn will result in minimum delay in the reconstructed output speech signal.The algorithm of subband decomposition structures has been described theoretically then modeled under MATLAB simulation program using built - in filters and real input signals.

التشوه بالتوافقيات في اشارات التدفق للمتحسس السعوي الحيزي المثبت خارجيا == Harmonic Distortion In The Flow Signals of Externally Mounted Capacitive Spatial Filter

Author name: مروه مالك حسوني
Supervisor name: عباس احمد الشالجي
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis investigates the performance of some windows on the flow signals that are generated from the planar capacitance spatial filter (PCSF) according to the moving of the solid particle in the channel of the filter. The sensor that operates as non - invasive device for solid flow measurement utilizes the thin wall of a dielectric pipe section as a shielding layer to protect the sensor from erosion, rust and moisture, and to make it more versatile.The finite - difference model equations are solved using successive over relaxation (SOR) methods. The waveforms show that the response of the PCSF is spatially - biased towards particle flowing closer to the plane of sensing electrodes and that the resulting flow signal is non - sinusoidal. The SOR method that is used to compute the PCSF potential fields has been investigated using a mesh of 110 by 32 nodes, and the algorithm was programmed in MATLAB (Release 2013a) using an Intel core ™ i3 PC,CPU processor.To study the effect of the total harmonic distortion (THD) content on the flow signals that are calculated with respect to the fundamental frequency of the power spectrum density through a specific quantitative criterion, this work comprises a comparative study among three types of windows; Hanning, Hamming, and a subOptimal window called the Kaiser window.The effect of particle flying heights, relative permittivity and size on the THD of the flow signal were examined. It was found that theTHD of flow signals at heights closer to the plane of sensing electrodes is high and decreasing gradualy when the particle flying height is far above the sensor. All the three windows used in this work have better suppression of harmonics distortion as compared with unwindowed (raw) flow signal.

تحليل الاتصال بين القمر الصناعي والطائرة باستخدام نموذج تعقب الشعاع == Analysis of Satellite - To - Aircraft Communications Using Ray Tracing Model

Author name: علي محمد علي
Supervisor name: جابر سلمان عزيز
Specific topic: Communications Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: While the aircraft flying above the earth surface, the signal transmitted from the satellite to the aircraft suffered from changes in it's characteristics at the aircraft receiver's antenna according to many factors affecting the direct and reflected power from the earth surface such as the distance difference, the nature of the earth surface, elevation angle, Doppler shift, etc… This Thesis introduces a proposed algorithm to analyze and simulate the communication link between the Satellite and the aircraft taking into account all the parameters that affect the magnitude of the power and signal characteristics received at the aircraft antenna. The proposed method uses the ray - tracing technique in this simulation to analyze the communication link between the Satellite and aircraft. The simulation developed in this thesis has minimized the error percentage as much as possible taking into account most of the factors that might affect the characteristics of the signal received by the aircraft from the satellite. This simulation considers the free space loss, specular reflection losses, scattering factor, earth curvature effect, etc…,also the simulation takes into account the Doppler effect that caused by the aircraft movements. The simulation measures the received signal strength and fading characteristics of satellite to aircraft communication to determine the effectiveness of communication and to establish parameters which can be useful to the communication system designer in Iraq and the rest of the world. MATLAB® v6.5 used in the simulation as application software, the simulation also applied to MATLAB® v7.0.

تحليل المسار النازل لنظام الاتصال اللاسلكي التكيفي المتعدد المداخل والمخارج والمستخدمين == Analysis of Adaptive Downlink Multiuser Mimo Wireless Communication System

Author name: عمر جبار ابراهیم
Supervisor name: رعد سامي فياض
Specific topic: Communications Engineering
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Multiple - input multiple - output (MIMO) wireless communication systems have received significant attention due to their enormous channel capacity potential in rich scattering environment. Such systems need to consider multiuser transmission / reception in their design. This thesis investigates theoretically the ergodic capacity of multiuser MIMO systems operating with adaptive techniques to enhance their performance. The ergodic capacity of multiuser MIMO system is analyzed and simulated for three types of channels : additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, uncorrelated Rayleigh fading (URF) channel, and semicorrelated Rayleigh fading (SRF) channel. The downlink SRF channel for each user is modeled by assuming that the fading is correlated at the transmitter but uncorrelated at the receiver side. The simulation results are compared to those related to a single - user system and used as a guideline to present an adaptivetechnique to enhance the capacity of MIMO system operating in SRF channel. The adaptive technique is based on a tradeoff between time division multiple access (TDMA) and block diagonalization (BD).Simulation results are presented using MATLAB environment to address the dependence of ergodic capacity of a MIMO communication on various system and channel parameters. The results indicate clearly that the threshold level of angle between users ? employed in the adaptive system must be chosen carefully to maximize the ergodic capacity. The optimum threshold ?th is equal to 24°, 42° and 47°, for angle spread ? = 5°, 50° and 75°, respectively
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