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القضية الفلسطينية وانعكاساتها على احداث الوطن العربي 1970 - 1982 == The Palestinian Issue And Its Impact On The Events Of The Arab World 1970 - 1982

اسم المؤلف: اروى نوري نديم المياحي
اسم المشرف: هلال ثجيل جلوي الخفاجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The message deals with the Palestinian issue …reflection on the events of the Arab world , for the period from the events of September 1970 AD , in Jordon , And the October war with Israel first , and followed the camp David treaty and its repercussions onthe Arab world and the conclusion of the Lebanese and their impact on the overall Arab history of war and also the Israel occupation of Lebanon in 1982 AD. The message had been reached among the results , but the most important is that the Palestinian.Issue has a dual effect on Arab situation and events either directly or indirectly. As well as the most prominent Israeli army defect in the fact of guerrilla war fare , Which the Israeli army is not fluent in dealing suffered big losses as the peace process led by Egypt did not come to a comprehensive peace did not stand in dependent of the chain wars swept the region. As Lebanon came under two bread categories in the year 1978 AS and 1982Ad , but Israel did not achieve its targets of these attacks , either militarily shaken the prestige and power of the Israeli army to the public , The Israeli and international public opinion. criticism of the regime's policies. Numerous journalists were dropped from the party or arrested last month. In February Sadat launched his diplomatic initiative, the main elements of which were Hafiz Ismail's visits to the Soviet Union and the United States. Sadat was roundly criticized in some Arab circles for opening a dialogue with the United States, especially after the news leaked that the US was preparing to continue supplying Israel with large quantities of arms and production facilities for aircraft.The Content of the Speech Sadat began his two and one - half hour speech by 124 Foreign Relations, 1969 - 1976, Volume XXV 50. Memorandum From Director of Central Intelligence Schlesinger to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)iWashington, April 16, 1973. SUBJECT : Israeli Estimates of Egypt's Present Military Intentions Recent assertions regarding the probability of Egyptian military moves against Israel are in conflict with the assessment the Israeli military intelligence has provided the United States as recently as the end of last week. Other indicators of Egyptian military intentions remain negative. On 12 April 1973, General Shalev, Deputy Chief of Israeli Military Intelligence, told the American Defense Attache' in Tel Aviv that he does not believeEgyptian President Sadat has made a decision to renew hostilities against Israel or that he will decide to do so in the near term. Shalev outlined at considerable length his reasons for reaching this conclusion despite certain recent developments in the Egyptian military, notably the transfer from Libya to Egypt of Libyan Mirage V aircraft, which have given rise to questions about present Egyptian intentions. A copy of the Defense Attache"s report of this conversation with Shalev is provided as Attachment A2 to this memorandum. Attachment B 118 Foreign Relations, 1969 - 1976, Volume XXV (Memorandum of conversation, March 8; ibid.) Regarding the Soviet paper handed to Kissinger by Brezhnev during Kissinger's April 1972 visit to Moscow, see Foreign Relations,1969 - 1976, volume XIV, Soviet Union, October 1971 - May 1972, Document 141, footnote 5. On March 14, Brezhnev sent Nixon a message describing his talks in Moscow with Egypt's Minister of War, Ahmed Ismail, who had expressed the Egyptian Government's serious concern with the absence of any progress toward a peace settlement. Egypt had been subjected to Israeli aggression for six years and Arab lands were still occupied by Israel. Ismail had declared that although it preferred a peaceful settlement , the Egyptian Government was coming to the conclusion that military confrontation with Israel might become unavoidable. Therefore, Egypt had to prepare itself for the possibility of a new military clash. Brezhnev concluded his message by saying that he wanted to emphasize again the seriousness of the developing situation in the Middle East and to draw the President's attention to the necessity of taking constructive steps in order to prevent such a confrontation. Brezhnev argued that such a turn of events would not only cause irreparable damage to the countries in the region but hurt other countries as well. Therefore, much depended on having the Soviet Union and the United States take "agreed steps directed at settlement of the Middle East situation."(National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 70,5 Country Files, Europe, USSR, Exchangeof Notes Between Dobrynin and Kissinger, Vol. 5) January 2 - October 5, 1973 123 42. Memorandum From the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger) to President Nixom Washington, March 30, 1973. SUBJECT : Fuller Analysis of President Sadat's Speech The Daily Brief has contained the main points in President Sadat's speech of March 26. This memo includes a more extensive discussion and analysis, and excerpts of the section on foreign policy are attached.2Background Sadat has been struggling with troublesome domestic problems since last fall. Student riots in January were followed by press 1. Memorandum From Richard T. Kennedy of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)l Washington, January 2, 1973. SUBJECT : Secret Jordan - Egyptian Negotiations At Tab A2 is a memorandum from Director Helms conveying detailed information on secret negotiations between a representative of King Hussein andPresident Sadat which took place on 17 December. The key item is Sadat's assertion that he has decided Egypt must launch a war of attrition against Israel. Zayd Rifai represented King Hussein at the talks which took place in Cairo. In essence, the King proposed that Egypt and Jordan resume diplomatic relations and that they work together through political efforts to force a settlement on Israel. Rifai stated that the Arabs cannot risk another full scale war with Israel. He argued that the Soviets, having reached an understanding with the U.S. , do not wish to do anything that might jeopardize their newly - established working relationship with the Americans.Thus, according to Rifai, the United States is the only country in a position to break the present impasse and force the Israelis to withdraw from occupied Arab territories. Rifai informed Sadat that it is for this reason that on King Hussein's last visit to WashingtonS he attempted to take the problem out of State Department channels and bring it to President Nixon's office. Sadat expressed pleasure at Hussein's initiative in sending an emissary to meet him. He denied having any direct contacts with President Nixon's representatives but he said that he had received letters from President Nixon, all of which he had answered. Sadat told Rifai that he disagreed with Hussein on the Soviet role in the Middle East, asserting that Moscow does have a role to play inbringing about a solution to the Middle East problem , even though it is secondary to the role played by the United States. Sadat informed Rifai that his major disagreement with Hussein's views is in regard to the question of war versus political pressure on Israel. Sadat stated that he is absolutely convinced that the only way to force Israel to surrender the occupied territories is by renewing a war of attrition. He said that he had carefully calculated the cost to Egypt of starting such a war and he believes that it can be sustained. By hitting hard and deep inside Israel and by inflicting a sizeable number of civilian casualties on a regular basis, Egypt could force Israel into deciding that it is better to surrender the occupied territories. Sadat also told Rifai that under no circumstances should Jordan in any way become involved in Egypt's war of attrition because the Israelis would quickly overrun the East Bank and destroy the Jordanian army. Sadat also pushed aside Rifai's question about resuming normal diplomatic relations betweenJordan and Egypt. Sadat closed by telling Rifai that he would have some thoughts to convey to Hussein on what he could say to President Nixon about Egypt.
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العلاقات الامريكية - الفلبينية في عهد الرئيس فردناند ماركوس 1965 - 1986 == The American - Philippine Relationships During The Time Of Ferdinand Marcos 1965 - 1986

اسم المؤلف: سعدون جلوب حسين
اسم المشرف: حميد احمد حمدان التميمي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Far East and Pacific Ocean have been recently regarded as a turning point in the history of foreign relationships. These regions were the hottest ones after the second world war which was followed by the cold war. These regions also have opened a new page in the history of global conflicts related to the silent ( Cold war ) between the United States of American and the Soviet Union.At the beginning of the 1960s of the twentieth century , the world witnessed a real divergence in the foreign relationships. It is evident that the Far East and the Pacific Ocean played a very important role after the visit of president Richard Nixon to Beijing and Moscow in 1972. The period was called "Accord Period" which was followed be a reconciliation between those two poles.The period also witnessed many important global events that affected the relationship between America and the Soviet Union. Among those events were the American military intrusion in Vietnam war ( 1960 - 1973 ) , the Israeli - Arabian War ( 1967 ) , the oil crisis when the oil was used in wars as weapons in some Arabian countries. The Russian intrusion in Afghanistan ( 1979 ) and the end of Shah Iran's rule in 1979 also affected the relationships between the two powerful countries : America and the Soviet Union. The Arabian literary showed great interest in The Far East. Many academic studies have been done in this regard particularly about Japan , China , Vietnam and the Philippine.The thesis is divided into : An introduction , four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter presents an introduction to the American - Philippine relationships before Marcos's reign. That period witnessed a transitional time in which the Philippine had five presidential periods till the beginning of Marcos's coming to the rule in 1965. The chapter also sheds some lights on the independence of Philippine and it's political transition. It also refers to the re - construction of the Philippine after the second world war.The second chapter focuses on the American - Philippine political relationships during Marcos's time between the years 1965 to 1986. The chapter gives some details about Marcos's biography , his educational heritage and his participation in the second world war.The third chapter is devoted to the to the military American - Philippine relationships during the time of Marcos. It also presents information about the American desire to make the Philippine as an American military base. The Philippine become part of America's military agreements and that gave America the chance to achieve its goals. Among those agreements were the military ones. They include America's desire to help the Philippine. The fourth chapter puts focus on the economic relationship between America and The Philippine since the time of the independence of the Philippine , in 1946 to Marcos time. This chapter also deals with the economic reconstruction of the Philippine and the changes that affected the trade of sugar in the American markets. It shows the reason of the downfall of economy in Philippine.
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العلاقات الروسية - الامريكية 1783 - 1867 == The Russian - American Relations 1783 - 1867

اسم المؤلف: منتهى صبري مولى المنصوري
اسم المشرف: مشعل مفرح ظاهر العونان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research tackles the "Russian - American relations from 1783 to 1867". The period is of historical importance for the two states which has never been dealt with by any Iraqi or Arab studies. The research is divided into an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter includes " The Roots of the Russian - American Relations Till 1801". It consists of three sections : the first examines the early Russian expansion : "The Roots of the Russian - American Relations Till 1775"; the second section studies "the Russian Position of the American War of Independence from 1775 to 1783 and its Effect on the Russian - American Relations"; and the last section deals with "the Establishment of the Russian - American Company in 1799 and its Role in strengthening the Russian Presence in the Western Coast of the Pacific Ocean and the Support of Orthodox Missionary" which identifies the relations between the two states through this company. The second chapter, entitled “The Russian - American Diplomatic Relations from 1803 to 1823”, studies the start of the diplomatic relations between the two states. The chapter is divided into two sections : the first one deals with “ The Russian - American Diplomatic Relations from 1803 to 1815”, whereas the focus of the second section is “ The American - British War of 1812 and its Influence on the Russian - American Relations”. The third chapter is devoted to study “The American Isolation Policy of 1823 to 1850 and its Effect on the Russian - American Relations”. Thefirst section studies “Monroe Doctrine and its Effect on the Russian - American Relations”. The second is entitled “ The Russian - American Treaty 1824 - 1834”, whereas the third section comes under the title “The Russian - American Negotiations 1834 - 1850 and the Renovation Attempt of the Treaty’s Fourth Item”.The fourth chapter deals with “Russian - American Approximation 1850 - 1867”. Its first section is entitled “ The Crimean War and its Effect on Russian - American Relations 1853 - 1856”, whereas the second section tackles the “Russian Position towards the United States of America during the American Civil War 1861 - 1865”. The last section comes under the title “ The Sale of Russian America in 1867 and its Influence on Russian - American Relations” which forms the end of the relations. The following are the ultimate conclusions of the research : 1. There was a wide Russian expansion towards Siberia since the era of Peter the biggest especially after the discovery of leather as the number of Russian explorers increased reaching finally to the northwest coast of the Pacific Ocean which became later a closed Russian trade area according to the first decree of Tsar Pawl in 1799 with the establishment of the Russian - American company which became later a center for Russian - American relations. 2. It has been noted from the Russian expansion policy that after including the northwest coast of the Pacific Ocean it starts to converge with the United States of America because of the Russian - British3. competition policy in those American areas. After the eastern Russian expansion towards Asian Siberia and the coming of Russian voyagers and explorers to the American northwest coast, Russia starts to weaken the British presence in these areas through the American independence war in 1774 after Russia taking the neutral policy. 4. The Russian - American company, which was established by Russian tradesmen with the support of Tsar Pawl the first in 1799, contributed in establishing the Russian presence in the northwest coast of the Pacific Ocean which became known later as Russian America. 5. The holy alliance was one of the reasons for announcing Monroe principle in 1823 which came in response to Tsar’s decree in 1821 about the northwest coast of the Pacific Ocean. The years following the issuance of Monroe principle witnessed tensions in the Russian - American Relations which ended with the treaty of 1824 to declare the rights of the two states concerning the north coast. 6. One of the most important conclusions is that the Crimean war ended the Russian presence in the northwest coast of the Pacific Ocean after selling Alaska to the United States because of the bankruptcy of the Russian - American company and the inability of Russia to protect its colonies. In addition the war ended the Russian - American competition in the Pacific Ocean
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الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ويوغسلافيا : دراسة في العلاقات السياسية 1948 - 1963 == United States Of America And Yugoslavia : A Study Of The Political Relations 1948 - 1963

اسم المؤلف: علاء رزاك فاضل
اسم المشرف: ناظم رشم معتوق
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The American - Yugoslavian political relation ( 1948 - 1963 ) was regarded as one of the best relations in the world and that was noticeable in the political arena in Europe in particular and the world in general. Those who study the events that occurred during the cold war can realize the evident role the two Countries played in the world affairs and how that was reflected on nature of political relation between them. The fact that Yugoslavia was a Communist Country after the second world war influenced its own political relations with the United States of America which was , in its turn , leading the imperial thought because of the obvious differences in attitudes , interests and political and economic regimes in the two Countries. The study is divided into an introduction , four Chapter , conclusions and appendixes. Chapter one is devoted to describe the political relation between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes which constituted the nucleus of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia which was established in 1945. That relation continued till 1948 and witnessed times of rapprochement and alienation because of the ideological differences in the two countries. Chapter two studies the political relation between the two Countries after expulsion of Yugoslavia from the Cominform at the middle of 1948 till end of 1952 because Yugoslavia's departure from Moscow strengthened its relation with the United States of America. Chapter three deals with the American - Yugoslavian political relation during the first Eisenhower administration (1953 - 1957) when the events in the region highly affected those relations especially Balkan Pact , the problem of Trieste and resumption of Soviet - Yugoslav relations. Chapter four focuses on the relation from 1957 to 1963 which was a result of the attempt of the Yugoslavian government to follow the policy of neutrality which led to tension with the American government especially after Belgrade conference in 1961. That situation Continued till the end of 1963. The conclusion is about the findings the researcher arrived at. The most important conclusions that the study arrived at were : the relation between the two countries was characterized by rapprochement at one time and alienation at the other. The Soviet Union and the fact that Yugoslavia was a Communist state were decisive factors behind that. Also, the fact that America was the leader of the capitalist world due to its military and economic power did not affect tendencies and directions of the foreign policy of Yugoslavia and it Proved many times that it was not affected by the American aids to change its positions
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العلاقات الهندية - السوفيتية 1964 - 1971 == Indo - Soviet Relations 1964 - 1971

اسم المؤلف: حسام احمد شوقي
اسم المشرف: خولة طالب لفتة الحميداوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Indian - Soviet relations during 1964 - 1971 dielnt go on asingle frequency , but influenced by the duration of the study anumber of internal , regional and international factors which hav had an impact on the nature of relations if the relations between the two countries after the Lal Bahadur Shastri judgment continued evolving relations which were at the time of Jawahar Lal Nehru evolution which up to amaximum gradesin September 1964 , when the soviet union gives the deal that aircraft ( MiG 21 ) so that India be the first illegitimate country gives these aircraft by the soviet union that relations soon collided alter the political leader ship in the soviet union October 1964 with the arrival Bretiv to the post of first secretary of the communist parties and Alex Kosygin to the post of primeminister and the dedaration of the new leadership to take the new policy in south Asia and to try timprove relations with Pakistan after the tension that with essed dvring the reign of khro show this policy , which Anzmt evident in the second Kashmir war in 1965 and the pursuit of the soviet union convergence between the two parties and resolve the issue through a meeting sponsored by the soviet and the success of this thin is the success of the new policy that is followed by the soviets in the region. The Study also found the impact of internal events of India on the nature of relations between the two countries and reflected positively or negatively where Ibdia witnessed during the study period afood crisis decimated Ibdia making Indihira Gandhi request economic assistance from the united states thatit reflected on there lations with the soviet union , especially with the after soviet rapprochement with pakitan to withess in 1967 and 1968 strained relations between the two parties ont seen therug hout many ears ago that the tension reached its maximumgrades in July 1968 when the soviet union was awarded ar arms deals Pakistan , which raised poputar discontent and navigation with in India and the voices of rapproch ement with the united states the us response to the soviet rappro chemsnt with Pakistan. This tension quickly goes away in 1969 arrival of soviet relations with china to the stayes of crisis and exploit the united states of America and adopted anew policy china trend known as the ( opening - up policy ) by Pakistan president yahya khan whenhe feared both India and the soviet union from triple - column appearance ( united states - china - Pakistan ) which led to arappro chement between India and the soviet union this convergerce desire soviets that is reflected on the described bilateral treaty between the two countries , but Indira Gandhi refused to do sobecause of its adherence to the policy the Non - Aligned followsd by India after independence , but then Irealized Indhira Gandhi that the lack of tinkering with the treadty will lead to breach the military balance in favor of Pakistan , especially since the situation in East Pakistan was waring caution - pakis tans new this year 1971 withessed ahistoric event India signed abolateral treaty with the soviet union was the first its kind to be held by India with major coutries after independence
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دور الولايات المتحدة الامريكية السياسي في الشؤون الداخلية لليونان 1943 - 1949 == The Political Role Of United States Of America In Interior Affairs Of Greece (1943 - 1949)

اسم المؤلف: وائل جبار جودة النداوي
اسم المشرف: رغد فيصل عبد الوهاب نفاوة
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Greece posed a major part of eastern Europe ,that it lies in the western southern side of Europe continent, and extends along within the Balkan Semi island from the Ionic sea till Aegean sea, as a result of that geography position so Greece has become represent a strategic position to be a target to colonial states, Greece is a pivot joint between east and west , therefore it has a pivot influence in the development of political events in the Balkan.The government of USA didn’t pay any attention to Greece before World War II, but during this was USA had sympathized with it, especially after the Italian invasion to Greece 1940, the USA government assisted Greece through the American Red Cross, but the victories of Greece on Italia didn’t last long, soon the Nazi forces had advanced to invade Greece on April 1941, this event impacted on changing the situation tremendously after the declare of president Franklin Rosfelt to take part in the war on Dec. 1941, the American concern with Greece get increased.After the Nazi invasion of Greece, the Greece government and the king family have fled abroad the country, many political forces have emerged on the ground represented by Greece resistance groups that confronted German invaders, after coalition forces with assistance of resistance had been able to defeat Nazi forces in 1944.As a result, all resistance forces refused the back of the Greece king until proceeding the referendum on the legality of the regime, at that time the president Rosefelt had confirmed on keeping the Greece king because he was a loyal alley for the coalition, the civil war had broken down between the resistance forces that resist the royal regime by the leadership of National liberation Front during 1944 and government forces, Farkiza agreement was resulted from that war on 12th February 1945.Commitment with Farkiza agreement had not been kept for long, so the government started accusing the resistance groups by breaching it, civil war had broken down again when the national liberation front had changed its name to (Dimocratic Greece Army) , on 15th Jan. 1945, on August 1946 Mr. Markos Vafiades was elected to be the leader of that army, the war launched again from the mountain areas in the north of Greece, the USA government had watched the political Greece scene and movement of that army through reports sent by embassy in Greece , as a result the USA president, Troman had declared his doctrine on 12th Feb. 1947, according to that doctrine, the USA government had assisted the Greece government politically and economically.The situation get worse when the British government had declared its withdrawal from Greece on 30th of 1947, the republic army groups had expanded in its dominance over vast lands of Greece, Greece government asked USA government to help it in this crisis, USA government confirmed on military side, it reformed the frame of headquarter of Greece forces and trained its troop, general James Fan Fleet had won to draw plans to defeat the guerrillas undertaken by communism forces, he got assistance by general Alexander Papagos, the main goal of that plan is surrounding the militias, cities and towns and not to go deep inside them in order not to cause a mass human massacres of Greece forces, this plan succeeded to defeat communist militias in Greece 1949.
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تجارة القطن في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية بين عامي 1783 - 1865 == Cotton Trade In The United State Between 1783 - 1865

اسم المؤلف: محمد سلمان منور
اسم المشرف: ياسين طه ياسين الهارون
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Had a history of the United States of America in the nineteenth century, important developments was the most prominent of the civil war between (1860 - 1865) between the southern states and the US federal government, and it was the most important reasons for having chronic disagreement between the parties on the issue of slavery, which resulted in the aggravation of this issue during the the nineteenth century to the occurrence of many developments that have made the two parties enter into frequent disputes between the two and the other.Cotton was the most prominent factors that caused the civil war, while it was slavery in America in the way of grants to recede and disappear in the final of the eighteenth century decade, emerged cotton crop tops the list of cash crops that the demand is very Kpalra in the late eighteenth century and throughout the nineteenth century. , so gave cotton Aabboudah in the United States a strong motivation for the continuation of more than half a century, particularly since cotton was Leno in the south of large farms, which require a great effort to be planted and cared for. Against the industrial and commercial progress of the North because of the lack of orientation to agriculture causes climatic and topographic , efforts were concentrated towards industrialization, especially textile manufacturing, while the south has focused its attention towards agriculture with the rise of cotton has become more adherent than ever with his economic power, and of the slave
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المسالة البلغارية في الدولة العثمانية 1878 - 1914 == Bulgarian Issue In The Ottoman Empire 1878 - 1914

اسم المؤلف: ساهرة حسين محمود الصامري
اسم المشرف: حميد احمد حمدان التميمي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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المستخلص: The issue of the fate of the Ottoman State and its properties, which is known in the political history as the Eastern Issue, occupies an outstanding place in the European diplomacy during the Eighteenth and the Nineteenth centuries. In short, the Eastern Issue includes all the problems associated with the domestic fall of the Ottoman State, the revolutions of the peoples ruled by the Ottomans, and finally the tangled and conflicting interests of the European Countries in the Ottoman Empire. These countries also interfere in the process of the Ottoman fall. This study aims at analyzing the events that took place in Balkan Peninsula, following the results of the Russian - Ottoman War during the years 1877 - 1878. That war gave rise to the birth of the Bulgaria Principality; and then the resolutions of Berlin Conference, held in the last year, enhanced the existence of this Principality which gained its full independence from the Ottoman State in 1908. Having known the international circumstances involving this issue is not easy, especially that concerning Bulgaria, for most of the historical sources which dealt with the issues of the Balkan Peninsula or the Eastern Issue introduced a general view about what had happened to all the Balkan Countries. These sources do not profoundly study the issue of Bulgaria; and this why the researcher has done her best to come out with a comprehensive study for this issue depending upon genuine recent sources including correspondences, presenting attitudes and suggestions.Scope of the study and analysis of sources This study is divided into an introduction, five chapters, a conclusion, a set of selected appendixes, and a list of sources and references. Chapter One : It is a summarized introductory chapter intended to be as an introduction defining Bulgaria in particular to enable the reader to have a general idea about the historical and social components that help understanding the national awareness and the religious influences on it, and then the development of the political events.This chapter also studies the historical extension of the relations of the Ottoman State with Bulgaria right from the beginning in 1393 till 1878, when the Bulgarian Principality was used after the Russian - Ottoman War (1877 - 1878). Chapter Two : This chapter handles the development of the events in the Balkan Peninsula in the years preceded Berlin Conference 1878 - 1878. Though the period was more than four years, it was full of new events. During that period, several revolutions broke out in the Balkan Countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina Revolution 1875 - 1878, the Bulgarian Independence Revolution 1876 - 1878, the Serbia and Montenegro Revolution 1876 - 1878. In addition, the independence of Greece and Romania took place in 1877 - 1878. Therefore, this historical change is worthy of studying as it has got an effect on the following Bulgarian events. Chapter Three : It deals with the Eastern Issue and Berlin Conference in 1878; it also includes the five topics handling the Major Eastern Issue, the outbreak of the Russian - Ottoman War in 1877, holding of San Stefano and Berlin Treaties, and the important results brought forth. As the five topics form the starting point for the Bulgarian issue and its causes, this chapter is made up of more researching pages than the other chapters that the researcher is unable to avoid them. Chapter Four : It studies the attitude of the Ottoman State towards the developments of the Bulgarian issue from 1879 to 1908. When the Ottoman coup d'état occurred, a period of Russian endeavor, especially in the years 1879 - 1880 to complete the mission of building the Bulgarian Principality such the issuing of the institution and the election of the prince. However, the events in Bulgaria had an effect on the problem of the increase of the general Ottoman debt to the European Banks, especially in the years 1881 - 1884. The problem of this irremediable debt was one of the reasons that exhausted the overburdening of the Ottoman State; and what made things even worse was that during the following years 1885 - 1888 the Serbian - Bulgarian War broke out. The result of that war led to join Eastern Romello to Bulgaria. The progress of the circumstances in the Balkan countries had an effect on the Bulgarian issue, the most important of which were the Greek - Ottoman War 1896 - 1897, and the role of the European countries which were not neutral in their attitudes. The European countries had their own avarice as well as their religious bias accompanying the events supported by the popular support. Chapter Five : This chapter is the conclusion in which the researcher states the interior political changes in the Ottoman Empire and in the Balkan Peninsula during the years 1908 - 1914. During that period, there were important Ottoman and European attitudes towards the issue of the Bulgarian independence in 1908. It was an important year which witnessed great changes in the Ottoman State along the subsequent years, as mentioned above. Also, there were important events during the subsequent years such as the Bulgarian attitudes towards the Macedonian issue 1908 - 1912, and then Bulgaria signed a treaty with Serbia in the last year, as well as the former's attitude towards the war which broke out in the Balkan countries during 1912 - 1913. Finally, the researcher stated the treaty of Bucharest and the Ottoman fluctuating attitude towards Bulgaria 1913 - 1914. The Ottomans did not have any clear attitude for various reasons despite the general circumstances surrounding them.
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عبد القادر باش عيان الدور الاجتماعي والسياسي والثقافي في العراق 1894 - 1971 == Abdul Qadir Bash Aian Social, Political And Cultural Role In Iraq (1894 - 1971)

اسم المؤلف: عبد القادر عبد الرحيم عطــوي الحسانــي
اسم المشرف: انور جاسب شنته الطريف
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The personal study, and CV of the difficult things, that have the researchers, because the researcher must take all aspects of this character, both private and public.It has been seen walking through the research, said Abdul Qader bash elders determined from an old family with a religious place And social, cultural, prestigious Alli Basra scale, and even categorize the scope of Iraq in general.Great role not his secret bash elders has been featured, among the well - known visual, and its impact in the community Basri, of the coming of this family, and stability in Basra as well as the emergence of the big guns Family, in many areas, including religious, social, political, and bringing these characters Elly positions of political and administrative largest in the state, and Vdilan literary side has reached Family through the emergence of figures including in this area, has emerged a lot of literature special , Especially in the historic area, particularly empty Basra ancient and modern, and this was the most prominent Almttootat (butter dates) of Sheikh Abdul Wahid bash elders, as well as (detailed history Basra Alazmi ancient and modern) of Sheikh Yassin bash elders, and Nri through it, and through the completion of Family and cultural presence library Abbasid big, old house in the family, and of the tobacco industry's own Great cultural legacy through Mathtwe of manuscripts and rare books lend categorize Basra and that cultural ascetic face and Shining. And here comes the personal Abdul Qadir bash elders, and to family affected by the document dramatically, which appeared Role through his family in a lot of fields and fundamental social, cultural, and categorize a personal which I added a lot of prestige and self - confidence. In light of the foregoing and in the display of search events that have passed by, we Pearls Mayati : - alldor Social, religious, cultural and political to the family of the bash elders, religious and cultural heritage of the family in Basra, and the emergence of personalities visual prominent family in the fields. Shall Find Personal Personal were not unusual, but the Senate was personal and not only that, But senior Senate (Bash elders), as well as the decline of a family Abbasseya, have been affected by all Internatioanl respects religious and political. - tmana Abdul Qadir bash elders features and different talents, collected between business and politics and literature And writing, which made him a dynamic personality in the work and responsibility. - tefi Categorize personality, the practical side and that receipt family business after the death of his father at the age of his youth, as well as the emergence of the literary side, the spectrum of his book, a diary in a small age. - anhaddarh In social work in Basra, both in the Pearls for joining the municipal council, Uwe Iraqi Council of Representatives or the Senate, and the emergence of the piece in his participation in the relief committees Exposure of Basra Pearls worst flood in 1946.kzlk a prominent role in the Tigers Association, and its role Prominent in the work of the Assembly and try to strengthen the work of the Assembly in favor of the optical community.The emergence of a characteristically political role at the age of forty, and through his election to the House of Representatives and then Appointed in the Iraqi Senate, Ani.vdila in 1958 for his participation, even in a little while Political parties (to insist - Union and Progress) and then the departure of then Pearls literary work.The emergence of his role in the May revolution in 1941, through the great role of the family of Al Bash elders and glory Especially in the embarrassing period in which they passed by Basra during the term of the security vacuum and the formation of the Commission on Security Procedure, and the transit of Basra those embarrassing period and the return of security and stability. Abdel Kader was bash elders, bold and frank in expressing their opinions and ideas often, Especially in the Senate, did not know the oil, it has Dahr during his speech in the House in 1947 Senate and his criticism of the government and put to a lot of questions Pearls Chief Minister and how to find solutions Her.His posts were outsourced through his membership in the Senate is the most prominent participation in participating in the Inter - Parliamentary Union conference in Cairo delegation, and to participate in its meetings, and thusAt the end of the conference the submission of the report on the Pearls of the Iraqi Senate conference.
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العلاقات الدومنيكانية - الاميركية 1968 - 1900 == The Dominicans - American Relationships 1900 - 1968

اسم المؤلف: لطفي جميل محمد
اسم المشرف: طيبة خلف عبد الله
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Dominican Republic had a cardinal importance in the Caribbean area because of its strategic location. Since the nineteenth century, and after the (Monroe) declaration, the United States of America became a strong competent to the European powers in the Caribbean area in specific, and the western hemisphere in general.After the World War I, accompanied with the complicated international relations, the Dominican Republic was still the main focus of the USA, not because of the Dominican economics, but because of the USA anxiety that a certain European power might become itsneighbor, in more than two thousand kilometers away from USA. However, due to the dramatic changes, after World War II, and the apparition of new international powers like the Soviet Union, in addition to the communist ideology and its quest for spreading socialist principles all over the world, the competition turned into an international struggle between the two camps : the Eastern led by the USA, that competition had come be called (The Cold War).Henceforth, the Dominicans Republic a gained more American interest. The Americans feared that the Dominicans become a new (Cuba). For that fear, the USA invaded the Dominicans twice, the first was in 1916, while the second in 1965. The goals of the two invasions are not entirely different - the goal of the first invasion was to the Soviet power.The reason behind the researcher's choice of the American - Dominicans relation (1900 - 1968) is because of the assumption that the historical relationships have not been investigated in the Arab Homeland, in general, and Iraq in specific. The researches have beeninterested mostly countries like Cuba, Panama, Guatemala, and other Latin countries, as well.The dissertation consists of three chapters and a conclusion. Chapter one deals with a historical and geographical introduction to the Dominican Republic. There are hints to early relationships between the Dominicans and the United States. Moreover, the Chapter has demonstrated the serious developments encountered by the Dominican while founding the liberal independent and safe state. Chapter two has studied the beginning of the formal relationships between the two states since 1900, up to the deterioration of the relationships. Such deterioration led to the USA invasion to the Dominican Republic in 1916. It was flowed by the rise of (Trujillo)Republic and the relations with that dictator for three decades. Chapter Three has been devoted to the international developments after the Second World War, the Cold War and the influence of such developments on the relations between the two states. The relations witnessed a sort of retreat because of Trujillo's policies, interior and external, and the scheme for his assassinate Chapter also tackles the serious developments after Trujillo, which led to the second USA invasion in 1965, and the USA retreat from Dominican Republic. The study is rounded up with conclusion deduced from the research with has sources to various documents and foreign sources.
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موقف الاتحاد السوفيتي من الحرب الاهلية الصينية 1944 - 1950 == The Soviet Unions Stance On Chinese Civil War 1944 - 1950

اسم المؤلف: عائدة سامي محمد الهاشم
اسم المشرف: حيدر عبد الرضا حسن التميمي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: In the aft ermath of the second world war ( 1939 - 1945 - , the wolrd witnessed , particularly in south East Asia , a competition between the Soviet Union and the United states of exercise domination in that area. the government of Moscow however , played an important role on the international area in the aftermath the cold war ( 1945 - 1991 ). This has resulted in changing the maps of so. many superpowers mainly the Republic of China the Soviet Union showed a special concern and due to do many reasons , To embrace this concern , the thesis has come under the title : The Soviet Union's Stance or Chinese Civil War 1944 - 1950.The plan of the thesis dictates that the division is made on the historical sequence of the events of the civic War. The thesis consists of an introduction , tower chapters and a conclusion.Chapter One offers a historical background about the internal political developments in China and their impact on the relations with the Soviet Union. Events in China were traced eversince the 1911 Revolution , and the rise of the revolutionary tendency among the Chinese youths. The most significant results in this respect was the launching of the Chine's Communist party.Moscow , as a result established strong relations with the powerful parnties in Chine. After the death of the founder of the party , aspects of the civil war between the two parties. Significantly , the Soviet policy witnessed a clear change , in the Soviet policy.Chapter Two addresses itself to the task of dealing the Soviet diplomacy and the Chines Civil War 1944 - 1946. The chapter isdivided into two sections , the first tackles the position of the Soviet union on the American attempts to prevent the outbreak of the Chinese civil War , while the second deals with the policy the Soviet union towards the conflict or the rift between the Chinese National and the Communist parties 1945 - 1946.The Soviet union's position on the balance of powers in the interests of the Communists is the topic of Chapter Three , from December 1947 to February 1949. The Chapter includes three sections ranging from the Soviet attitude towards the Chinese Communist Party to the resut of the discussions between those concerned.Chapter Four deals with Moscow's position on victories achieved by the Chinese communists party at the final stages of the Chinese Civil War , and the declaration that the Republic of China was established.The chapter , correspond fly , includes three sections ; the last of which is concerned with the Soviet recognition of the people's Republic of China along with the Soviet China alliance in 1950.
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التطورات السياسية الداخلية للولايات المتحدة الامريكية في عهد الرئيس توماس جيفرسون (1801 ـ 1809) == The Internal Political Developments Of The United States Of America In The Period Of Thomas Jefferson (1801 - 1809)

اسم المؤلف: محمود عبد المحسن ناصر العلي
اسم المشرف: خولة طالب لفتة الحميداوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: first decade of the nineteenth century holds with it an important stage from the date of the United States of the internal political, During that period had not been passed on the establishment of the U.S. government as the Government of the Constitution ofـ legislative, executive and judicial ـ more than eleven years announcement of the U.S. Constitution 1789 until the beginning of the nineteenth century, but had not on the nation U.S. an independent state of a sovereign their mandates of the three ten more than seventeen. of Day announcement of Independence U.S. from Britain in 1783 until the beginning of the following century. The present study to shed light on an important stage of the life of Thomas Jefferson political and at the level of domestic politics represented in the duration of his position as the third U.S. president in 1801 and even the end of the second term in 1809 after that took consecutive, lies the importance of this period in it is the first time dominated in which the Republican Party Democratic on the legislative and of Congress and executive of the presidency, after that was However, Unionist Party, while the judicial authority has remained in the possession of the party last. It is obvious is also known to all that the different views of the parties opposing reflected on the nature of the work of those parties, so felt researcher that addresses in his reasons for that the dispute from the beginning through the included within the introductory chapter. It is during that details emerge last, what are the measures to the new government of Republican Party Democratic and President Thomas Jefferson, through all this period? This question will be the entire cited study of the details, it has sought to the new president to several measures to mention of them First : to reconcile the parties as much as possible, Second : to achieve his dreams to expand towards the territory Bank by buying new territory, Third : to reconcile the legislative and executive and the one hand and the judicial authority of the other hand. Is it will succeed President Thomas Jefferson in his quest? in spite of that the United States U.S. has become a country with the Constitution of the Government of return to the year 1781, the internal political developments witnessed by the through eight years the first of the nineteenth century( 1801 1809), can be by the concept of( evolution' s New to the United States U.S.), in order to the outcome of him the state of many changes, including its powers of the three( legislative, the Executive, the judicial). On the other hand U.S. President Thomas Jefferson, who took the state presidency during this period, score was the most prominent in the nature of these developments, although he a series of government positions internal and external, its role as had a big impact to change the many of the internal policies
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التطورات السياسية في امارتي الدانوب (ولاشيا ومولدافيا) والموقف الدولي منها 1881 - 1848

اسم المؤلف: فهد عويد عبد عايد
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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بنيامين فرانكلين حياته ودوره في استقلال الولايات المتحدة الامريكية 1706 - 1790 : دراسة تاريخية == Benjamin Franklin And His Role In American Independence (1706 - 1790) : A Historical Study

اسم المؤلف: علي شخير نفل خليبص العتبي
اسم المشرف: هلال ثجيل جلوي الخفاجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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تاريخ الحركة الرياضية في البصرة بين عامي 1921 - 1958 == The History of Sport Movement In Basra 1921 - 1958

اسم المؤلف: احمد صفاء سوده
اسم المشرف: ياسين طه ياسين الهارون
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Sport has gained great importance over the centuries, and formed a distinctive side for its positive returns on the social side.It was a form of deepening the relations between the various segments of society. And the city of Basra, for its of its geograp
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السيد علي كمال الدين الغريفي ودوره في الحركة الوطنية في البحرين (1907 - 1974 م) == Sayid Ali Kamal Al - Deen Al - Ghiraifi And His Role In The National Movement In Bahrain (1907 - 1974)

اسم المؤلف: نوال عبد الكاظم خفي البدري
اسم المشرف: طيبة خلف عبد الله
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Studying the personality of Sayid Ali Kamal Al - Deen would shed light on an important period in the history of Bahrain because he was preceding his time in his awarress, thinking and ability to contain the crises with unprecedent easiness, calmness and c
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الشيخ مرتضى مطهري : دراسة في دوره الثقافي والاجتماعي والسياسي 1920 - 1979 م == Sheikh Murtadha Mutahhari : A Study of His Cultural, Social And Political Roles

اسم المؤلف: ضمير عودة عبد علي
اسم المشرف: طيبة خلف عبد الله
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Muratadha Muthhari is one of the most prominent scholars in Iran who was well know for playing an effective role in various fields. On the cultural level, he created a valuabe intellectual achievement known for its rich scientific material. He was also pr
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الامام موسى الصدر ودوره السياسي والثقافي والاجتماعي في لبنان (1960 - 1978)

اسم المؤلف: هاني عبيد زباري السكيني
اسم المشرف: باسم حطاب حبش الطعمة
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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المشروع السياسي والاجتماعي للسيد محمد محمد صادق الصدر في العراق من سنة 1991 - 1999 م == Project Political and Social Role To Al - Said Mohammad M. Sadiq Al - Sadar In Iraq (1991 - 1999)

اسم المؤلف: هاني جواد كاظم النجار
اسم المشرف: باسم حطاب حبش الطعمة
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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دور تشارلز بلكريف في البحرين بين عامي 1926 - 1957 == Belcrave's Role Charles In Bahrain between 1926 - 1957

اسم المؤلف: نوال عبد الكاظم خفي البدري
اسم المشرف: طيبة خلف عبد الله
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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ايران في عهد حكومة امير عباس هويدا 1965 - 1977م : دراسة في تطور السياسة الداخلية == Iran in the Ear of Ameer Abbas Howaida's Government 1965 - 1977A.H a Study in Progress of Interior Policy

اسم المؤلف: نعيم جاسم محمد
اسم المشرف: فاروق صالح العمر
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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سياسة الولايات المتحدة الامريكية تجاه الصين 1839 - 1919 : دراسة تاريخية == The policy of the United States of America toward China 1839 - 1919 Historical Study

اسم المؤلف: فراقد داود سلمان الشلال
اسم المشرف: ليلى ياسين حسين الامير
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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العلاقات الايرانية - السورية 1979 - 1988 == Iranian - Syrian Relations 1979 - 1988

اسم المؤلف: فاضل عبد الرحيم عبد الكريم الاسدي
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد الله العزاوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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حركة الاصلاح الديني والانشقاق عن الكنيسة الكاثوليكية == THE RELIGIOUS REFORMATION MOVEMENT AND THE SEPARATION FROM THE CATHOLIC CHURCH 1517 - 1534

اسم المؤلف: فارس فرنك نصوري
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد الله العزاوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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غورباتشوف ودوره في السياسة السوفيتية حتى عام 1991 == GORBACHEV AND HIS ROLE IN SOVIET'S POLICY UNTIL 1991

اسم المؤلف: عمار خالد رمضان الربيعي
اسم المشرف: فاروق صالح العمر | ليلى ياسين الامير
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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