Author name:
قيود ثعبان يوسف الاسدي
Supervisor name:
عبد عون هاشم علوان الغانمي | عبد الجاسم محيسن جاسم الجبوري
Abstract:
اجريت هذه الدراسة في حقل خاص لمنطقة البركة (30) كم شمال شرق مدينة كربلاء اثناء موسم النمو 2012للعروتين الربيعية والخريفية باستعمال الاصص البلاستيكية. هدفت الدراسة معرفة تاثير الاجهاد المائي والرش بحامض البرولين وتداخلاتها في المؤشرات المظهرية والفسلجية و| This study was conducted in a private field at Albargah district (30Kms) northern east of Karbala city during spring and fall of 2012 growing season using plastic pots. The goal was assess the effect of water stress, foliar application of proline and their interactions on characteristics morphological, physiological and nutritional status of three genotypes of maize namely : Serour, 5018, and Baghdad - 3.The characteristics included root's volume, root's length, root's diameter, root's dry weight, plant height, leaves number, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, absolute and relative growth rates and content of chlorophyll and proline in the leaves. The nutritional status included, the concentration, the contents and the rates of absorption and transport of N, P, K, Ca and Mg.In addition to the molecular study which included the technique of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) DNA. A Factional experiment within Completely Randomized Design (C.R.D.) was adopted i.e. three genotypes of maize namely : Serour, 5018, and Baghdad - 3, proline (0, 50, 100 and 150) mg. L - 1 and two levels of field capacity (50 and 100) % with three replicates in a total of 72 experimental units.Means were compared using the least significant difference (LSD) at 0.05 probability level. Results could be summarized as follow : 1 - Genotypes significantly differed in the studied traits.The cultivar 5018 gave the highest values of root's volume, root's length, root's diameter, root's dry weight, plant height, and root/shoot ratio for spring and fall cultivations.The same cultivar gave higher values of P%, Ca%, Mg% in roots and the content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in roots, rates of absorption and transport of N, P and Ca in spring and fall cultivations.Leaves P%, Ca% and Mg %, leaves Mg content and absorption and transport of Mg in fall cultivation. on the other hand, Serour cultivar give higher values of leaves number, leaf area, shoot dry weight, absolute and relative growth rates, content of chlorophyll and N% in root in spring and fall cultivation. P% in leaves in fall cultivation, leaves K% in both cultivation, content of N, P, K and Ca of shoot in both cultivations, shoot's Mg content of shoot in fall cultivation, content of N, P, K and Ca of shoot in both cultivation and Mg content of shoot in fall cultivations. Baghdad - 3 cultivar give higher values of proline content, Mg% in roots in both cultivations, shoot Mg% in fall cultivations, absorption and transport rates of K in fall cultivation, transport rate of Ca in spring and fall cultivations and absorption and transport rates of Mg in fall cultivation. 2 - Apart from Ca% of root in spring and fall cultivation, the proline markedly influenced all the rest traits where 100 mg. L - 1 proline gave the highest values compared to control treatment (i.e. 0 proline) that gave the lowest values. The proline at 50 and 150 mg. L - 1 gave intermediate values for all studied traits. 3 - Apart from some cases, 100% field capacity treatment gave higher values of most studied parameters. The field capacity of 50% gave higher values of N% and K% in roots and leaves, the content of N and K of roots and shoots and rates of absorption and transport rates of K in spring and fall cultivations. on the other hand, there was no effect of field capacity on Ca% of roots and shoots in spring and fall cultivation and Mg% of roots in spring cultivations. 4 - Bi and Tri interactions effect was profound on most studied characteristics. 5 - Through molecular study that including isolation of DNA in leaves of maize , a quantity of DNA ranging between 150 - 290 nano - gram / ?l with 1.8 - 1.9 purity was obtained. The differentiation of (RAPD) DNA was analyzed in order to prepare the finger print of maize genotypes. Six primers were tested (OPA - 09, OPA - 11, OPA - 13, OPC - 12, OPD - 20 and OPN - 16). The primers revealed different multiplication products between genotypes.The least value of genetic distance was 0.4103 between 5018 and Baghdad - 3genotypes, while the highest value of genetic distance was 0.7932 between Serour and 5018 genotypes.Data analysis revealed that these genotypes are divided into two main groups namely : group included 5018 and Baghdad - 3 genotypes, and group included Serour genotype only.
