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الرحالة البندقي ماركو بولو (ت725هـ/1324م) ومروياته عن المغول : دراسة في المصادر المغولية والاسلامية == Marco Polo The Venetian Traveller (D.725 H/1324M) And His Narratives On The Mongols A Study In Mongolian And Islamic Sources

Author name: احمد فرطوس حيدر
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present study, which is entitled (The Venetian Traveler Marco Polo, died in 725 H, 1324 AD, and His tales on about the Mongols), discusses the most prominent historical narratives told by this Venetian traveller about Mongols in the middle ages. This traveler, no doubt, gained a prominent fame that none of the European travelers who preceded him acquired. There are two reasons behind this, firstly for the value of the narratives he wrote about Mongols whether it was from historical point of view or reports counties when they were at the summit of their prominence full of wars and unrest, and secondly, for the great impact these historical narratives had on the European thinkers and their societies about Asian Orient in general and specially the Mongol peoples, who quickly turned from tribes fighting each other to conquers of the world. They had conquered half of the world during the seventh Hegira Century, Thirteenth AD. This dissertation is consist of four chapters, introduction, conclusion, plus list of and appendixes a list of Source material. Chapter one discusses the life and time of the traveller Marco Polo beginning with his birth in Venice, and his growing statehood , his famous travel to China and post in the Mongol Royal palace till his departure to Venice and his death in 725H, 1324 AD. Chapter two deals with the social traditions and habits of the Mongols and the countries submitted to them through a contrastive study between Marco Polo's narratives and those of other contemporary sources in this respect concerning all social life of Mongol life. Chapter three is about Marco Polo's narrratives on the Ilkhanid Empire found by Hulagu Khan in the Eastern Islamic territories after the fall of the Abbasid state. This chapter, also, discusses important issues, such as the fall of Baghdad and the death of the Abbasid Caliph "Al - Musta'sim Billah". Chapter four discusses the most important descriptions of countries visited by Marco Polo, including wide parts of the Mongol Empire. The study has concluded the following results : 1 - This study affirmed the authenticity and truth of most narratives mentioned by the traveler Marco Polo about the Mongols, through the corresponding of these stories with approved historical Chinese and Persian sources that documented the news of these peoples, besides the corresponding of material in general, with those of other travelers such as William of Rubruck and Ibn Battuta among others, However we affirmed the exaggeration in the description of some of Marco's travels. 2 - Concerning debate by some researchers about the authenticity of Marco's visit to China and his residency there, the study confirmed the authenticity of Marco Polo's visit to China and his residency there for seventeen years. During this period, he enjoyed a special care of the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan. Through a detailed study of Marco Polo's narratives about China, we found out the precision of the description of the historical incidents. He was accurate in describing Mongols and their capital Khanbaliq which precisely corresponding to the stories of the Mongol historians and contemporary travelers who visited China during the era of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.3 - The study reveals that the importance of Marco's narratives about Mongols relies in the fact that they were not only corresponding to those in the Mongol and Islamic sources, but they represent in addition describing a new era of history in which those Mongols and their nomad tribes had the capability to turn from nomades into civilized societies, as they presented a unique system of administration, of which Marco Polo himself was one of this administration. They could mix the 'Yassa', The Mongol code of law created by Genghis Khan, and the laws of other peoples who submitted to them, unlike the common idea known about Mongols in most of other writings, which described the Mongols as murders savage and barbarian tribes.4 - The study, through Marco Polo's narratives, uncovered many various social traditions of peoples forming the Mongol empire, proving the ability of Mongols to deal with conquered peoples and comprehend wide discrepancies and contradictions among various religions, race and ethics with a unique skill and wisdom.5 - Concerning Mongol Shamanism, which was the religion embraced by Mongols, the present study shows first one which contradict Islamic source that materials with religious Shamanism in claim that the origion of that religion dictate in both the worship of one mighty God.
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الخطيب الخوارزمي الموفق بن احمد (ت 568هــ/1172م) موارده ومنهجه في كتابه المناقب == Al - Khateeb Al - Khawarizmi Al - Muwafaq Bin Ahmed ( Dead 568A.H - 1172A.D),His Sources And Method In His Book Al - Manaqib

Author name: احلام لواف صكبان الخفاجي
Supervisor name: طه جميل احمد النعيمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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المعاهدات السياسية في تاريخ مصر القديمة == Political Treaties In The History of Ancient Egypt

Author name: فاطمة حسن طارش
Supervisor name: عباس علي عباس الحسيني
General topic: History
Specific topic: Ancient History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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علاقات العراق الاقتصادية مع جمهورية كوريا 1975 - 1991 == Iraq’s Economic Relations With The Republic of Korea (ROK) 1975 - 1991

Author name: غيداق عبد المنعم محمد احمد
Supervisor name: محمود عبد الواحد محمود القيسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis is a study of Iraq’s Economic Relations with the Republic of Korea (ROK) 1975 - 1991. It is a study of the beginnings of the Iraqi - Korean relations since 1975 up to 1991,when the United Sates and its coalition invaded Iraq after the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait in 1990.The economic relation of ROK with Iraq was a part of its relation with the world and Middle East after the establishment of ROK. On August 15, 1948, the Republic of Korea was formally established, with Syngman Rhee as the first president. With the establishment of Rhee's government, de jure sovereignty also passed into the new government. On September 9, 1948, a communist regime, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), was proclaimed under Kim Il Sung. The country now divided, the relationship between the two Koreas turned more antagonistic as time passed. The main policy of ROK was anti - communism and "unification by expanding northward". The South's military was neither sufficiently equipped nor prepared, but the Rhee administration was determined to reunify Korea by military force with aid from the United States. However, in the second parliamentary elections held on May 30, 1950, the majority of seats went to independents, confirming. The Korean war(1950 - 1953), and the deteriorating in Iraq and ROK were reasons affecting on the delay of the developments of Iraqi economic relations with ROK during the fifties and sixties ,and contributing to obstacle the economic and political cooperation during seventies and eighties. Although these complicating situations, the two countries could inaugurating the economic exchange since the second half of seventies, and the diplomatic and political relations at the dawn of the eighties.The thesis consists of four chapters, an introduction and a conclusion.Chapter one tackles (the internal developments in the Korean peninsula and its external relations up to 1975),chapter two studies ( The ROK relations with Middle East and the obstacles of the Iraqi - Korean approach a study of the delaying of the Iraqi relations with ROK),chapter three follows (Beginnings of Economic Relations between Iraq and ROK 1975 - 1991),and chapter four studies (Transformation Towards the Diplomatic and Political Relations for Enhancing the Economic Intetests1981 - 1991). Through study of the topic under consideration, we reached that the study of this period of the Iraqi relation with ROK clarify that it suffered of many obstacles which delayed the normal development of their relations. the influence of the United States and DPRK led to delay of Iraqi approach to ROK. The development of two countries relations was a part of ROK policy toward the Middle East and Arab World ,and the oil was a very important element for ROK relations with Middle East, Arab World and Iraq. Since the beginnings of seventies ,the Iraqi relations with ROK witnessed some development ,and "the Oil Shock " of 1973 after the Arab - Israel War of October led to change of East Asian perspective to the Arab World and inaugurating a new stage of mutual understanding of the Arab issues, especially the Palestinian Cause. This transformation contributed to the growing of relations of ROK and Japan with the Arab countries, such as Egypt, Iraq, Saudia Arabia and other Arab Gulf States. At the second half of the seventies decade, the Iraqi relations with ROK witnessed a dramatic transformation in economic aspect, and since the beginning of eighties ,the two countries attempted to expand their relation to diplomatic and political aspects, and they could to crown these efforts by opening the Iraqi and Korean embassies in Baghdad and Seoul respectively, but the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 and the American intervention of 1991 led to cutting of the diplomatic and political relation between the two countries.It is very important to point out that the Korean companies ,such as Hyundai, contributed to inaugurating the economic Iraqi - Korean relations and this company and its enthusiast staff hardly working to develop these relation to the diplomatic and political levels to serve the economic interests of the Korean companies in Iraq.Hyuandai succeeded in its efforts, and especially its executive director and the 10th president of ROK, Lee Myong Pak,who was working faithfully for Korean entering to the Iraqi markets. Anyway, the Iraqi relations with ROK suffered during seventies, eighties from many problems related to the conditions of the two countries and the affections of international relations in East Asia and the Middle East.The information of this thesis will contribute for more understanding of the two countries elites of the obstacles which confronted their approach ,and benefit from these problem to expand and enhance their political, economic and intellectual relations in the future.
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عامر عبد الله ودوره السياسي والفكري في العراق (1924 - 2000) == Amer Abdullah And His Political And Intellectual Role In Iraq (1924 - 2000)

Author name: غادة فائق محمد علي
Supervisor name: اسامة عبد الرحمن نعمان الدوري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Contemporary Iraq had witnessed several controversial figures in their political and intellectual attitudes, Subjected to many divergent assessments ,which made duality to understand such figures. This vision applied to the left - wing figures in particular, because of the history of communist party had seen conflicts and controversies, Strengthened by the unstable situations of Iraq, and the direct and indirect link to the Arab and international developments. This resulted in two different directions, the first condemns it, and the second appreciats its history and attitudes. One of the most important figures in communist party is Amer Abdullah, who played an active role, not inside the communist party only since he was one of its ideologists, but also in the contemporary history of Iraq as well. He was close to Abd al - Karim Qasim, and Minister of State in presidency of Ahmed Hassan al - Bakr, so he played An active part in two contradictory phases of the republican era.The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter tackles, the early social, political and intellectual formation , and his early political career 1924 - 1949. This chapter includes two sections : the first deals with his social, political and intellectual life, and the second observe his early attitudes and political visions 1946 - 1949.The second chapter covers the political activity of Amer Abdullah 1949 - 1963. It consists of two sections, the first discusses the political activity of Amer Abdullah 1949 - 1958, and the second clarifies the political activity of Amer Abdullah 1958 - 1963, which was the first open work in the history of Iraqi Communist Party. The third chapter focuses on the political activity of Amer Abdullah 1963 - 2000, It is composed of three sections, the first handles the return of Amer Abdullah to the political bureau as a member. The second looks into his role in the negotiations with the Arab Ba'ath Socialist Party. The third section concentrates on the foreign role and activities of Amer Abdullah.The fourth chapter examines the intellectual activity of Amer Abdullah through his deeds. It is made up of four sections, the first treats the vision of Amer Abdullah to the socialist experiment of the Soviet Union and Cuba. The second investigates the vision of Amer Abdullah toward the concept of art, literature, social sciences and natural sciences. The third section displays his vision to the democratic thought and global peace with his efforts to achieve this slogan. The fourth section reviews some Arab issues like the evolution of Arab unity concept for Amer Abdullah.The thesis has reached several conclusions, the main important of which are : - Amer Abdullah has personal ambitions, strengthened by his ability and self - confidence, which led him to take important positions in Iraqi communist party, till he became one of its theorists. - It seems that Amer Abdullah has the ability to study the facts on the ground accurately with farsightedness, he was not right - wing or left - wing, but he was a balanced personality in his stands, inducing the reality of his country, and tried to cope with it. - Amer Abdallah built personal relationships with the leader Abd al - Karim Qasim (1958 - 1963) and President Ahmed Hassan al - Bakr (1968 - 1979) and won the trust of the two men and was very close to them. Interestingly, they consulted him not in political matters only, but also in multiple aspects, especially in the years of the rule of Ahmed Hassan al - Bakr, in spite of ideological differences between the two men, al - Bakr was military man holds a nationalist thoughts, and Amer Abdullah was a communist and the intellectual distance between them is not near.
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سابور الثاني سيرته وانجازاته (309 - 379م) == The Shapur II : His Biography And Achievements (309 - 379 AD)

Author name: اسيل مهدي كاظم محمد ال اسماعيل
Supervisor name: عادل شابث جابر
General topic: History
Specific topic: Ancient History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: With the aid of God, I have finished my thesis entitled (The Shapur II (309 - 379 AD) His Biography and Achievements) in which I concluded the following : The study is Sassanid state is an important theme because it coincided the Roman Empire in its prime. The Sassanid state has witnessed dangerous transformations whether from religious point or assuming the throne. The coronation of Shapur II which he was in his mother’s womb is an unprecedented phenomenon. Shapur II was the guardian of his kingdom since childhood. The Arab - Sassanid relations were aggressive since the early times of founding the Sassanid state. The aggressive policy of the Sassanid state was exemplified in the invasion of Hadar, and the defeat on the hands of Utheina the king of Palmyra. The Sassanid desired to maintain their western and south - western frontiers. They assisted the kingdom of Al - Heira Kingdom to be a separating state. The Sassanids managed to penetrate the western coast of the Arab Gulf. Their state extended to Oman and Bahrain, but their position in the region was hampered by the Arab tribes. The Sassanid policy was characterized by aggression against Arabs. That was exemplified by the oppression of Shapur II (shoulders) of the Arabs of Yamama, Hager, Kadhima and Bahrain and killing many of them in a brutal nonhuman manner by piercing their shoulders. Hence, his nickname. We also found that the Raman - Sassanid struggle was renewed in the regency of Ardsher. In the year 228 AD he invaded the Roman pockets in the East and achieved victory in Armenia which he managed to annex to the Sassanid empire. His son Shapur I (241 - 272 AD) had also fought the Romans and defeated them and captured their Emperor Valerian. But he was defeated by Utheina the kind of Palmyra in 260 AD, who recaptured all the territories lost in Syria. In the regency of Bahram I (276 - 293 AD) the war with Roman Empire broke out. while the armies of Bahram was involved in a war with the Romans his brother Mermozd announced mutiny and wanted to form a separate state which forced Bahram to end the war with the Romans. When Nercy son of Shapur came (293 - 302) to power the struggle between the Sassanid and the Romans renewed. The reason for this was the expulsion of Tredat the king of Armenia by Nercy because he had allegiance to the Romans. The Roman leader Galerius managed to inflict defeat to the Sassanid armies and all the family members even his wife. The defeat resulted in the cession for provinces in minor Armenia by Nercy to the Romans and the king is crowned as a king of Armenian. Iberia (Georgia) recognized the prevalence of the emperor when the Sassanid imposed their domination over the Coshinains by military force. They resorted to the relationship by marriage. The two states reached to a truce and peace treaty when they went to war. The struggle between the two states, Roman and the Sassanid, was focused on regions all the four centuries in areas like Armenia, which was important in the Parthian Age. The Roman attacks came as a reaction to the Sassanid campaigns like the attacks of Arshder be alexander Sferus and Valerian. The Romans regarded the Sassanid as their foils. They were addressing the king in their correspondence as brother. They likened some to the rising moon. The era of Shapur was a glorious era as far as the Sassanid state is concerned for his conquests. Hence he is called the Great Shapur. Shapur II called himself The King of East and West and Shahinshah.
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لي كوان يو ودوره في التطورات السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية في سنغافورة (1959 - 1990) == Lee Kuan Yew And His Role In The Political , Economic And Social Developments In Singapore (1959 - 1990)

Author name: سمير محمد اسماعيل الوزيري
Supervisor name: نذير جبار حسين الهنداوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Many theses have implemented studies of the Asia history in general and the Arab countries in particular , but the history of Southeast Asia countries didn’t get a comprehensive Academic study in Arabic although those countries witnessed important event especially after the end of the World War II, when many of them got their independence.Singapore was one of south east Asia countries, where that state didn't get such a good chance through an academic Arabic study in the Iraqi universities, although it is signified by a number of categories which are worthy to search, of the most important of them was the strategic region in Southeast Asia in 1819 when the British citizen Thomas Stamford Raffles, was able to impose his control on the island and constructing a large maritime port for commercial affairs , then the island was added to the list of the British colonies and got an important estimate on both Commercial and military levels for British in southeast Asia region.In the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the importance of the island increased for it is regarded as a maritime port after that period had witnessed a movement of exporting goods on large level from the east to the western countries , accompanied with the increase of the economic role of the island and increase in the migration movement to it from China and India. So , during the World War II , the Japanese Imperial Army was able to put their control on the island in 1942 , but great Britain were able to restore it in 1945. Singapore was able to get an autonomy from the British colonization because it was one of the British colonies , that was happened by virtue of Lee Kuan yew (1923 - 2015) , who became prime minister of Singapore and after that endeavored to annex it with Malaysian Union , and that was happened really in 1963, and became a part of that Union , but the political problems that happened between the Malayan Union and Singapore compelled the latter on dismiss Singapore to became an independent republic in 1965 , at that time Lee kuan yew faced a number of problems as : unemployment the housing crisis and the administrative corruption in addition to that the people of Singapore are a group of indiscriminate ethnically, lingual , and culturally , since their origins relate to China , India and the Malayan islands and Indonesia.Lee kuan yew had played an important role in shifting Singapore from a small island without natural resources , to an independent nation enjoying development , progress and effect on the economic and diplomatic levels. he was a serious leader enjoying an effective personality. so , in front of all those challenges , he was able to transfer Singapore during only three decades from a developing state to one of the most developed countries in Asia despite its small number of population and shortness of natural resources From that point , my selection came (Lee Kuan Yew And his Role in the political , economic and social developments in Singapore (1959 - 1990), as a subject to my thesis , because of his important role in the rise of Singapore and what was it enduring through the long Periods of colonization. The problem that discussed in this thesis is : How Singapore was able to rise to the levels of the great or progressive states ? And what is the secret of that quick progress after it was living polarity and aggression for long decades ? And what the role of the personality of (Lee kuan Yew).The nature of the subject necessitated dealing with it according to the conduct of subjects unity , therefore the thesis consists of introduction four chapters and conclusion included the most important results.The first chapter followed the general conditions in Singapore and the early stage of Lee kuan Yew's life till 1959 the first section a summary of Singapore's history from the foundation till the Word War II , and the second section the general situations in Singapore till 1955 , the topic stopped on this year because it represents the beginning of Lee kuan Yew political work in the legislative Assembly , after getting the people's Action party by the leadership of Lee kuan Yew on one seat in that year. The third section looks into his intellectual and social and educational rise , and his early political life till 1959.The second chapter focused on the study of the role of Lee kuan Yew in developing the political side (1959 - 1990) and the first topic studied the political conditions in Singapore since he got the seat of prime minister till 1965 focusing on the most important political endeavors which accompanied this stage , and the most important of them was the annexation with the Malaysian Union which ended by dismissing Singapore in 1965 , the second Covered the political developments Singapore since its independence till leaving Lee Kuan Yew the power's seat in 1990 , And the most important internal political developments in it the third topic discussed the development of the Singapore Armed Forces army and the internal security and maritime , air forces. The Fourth topic dealt with Singapore external policy for the period between 1965 - 1990 , through giving a general glimpse on the nature of the external politic of Singapore and Lee Kuan Yew role in it and his role in internal and external policies.The Singapore's economic experience between 1959 - 1990 , and the role of Lee Kuan Yew in it was treated in chapter three. The chapter emerged in its three topics , the economic reality in Singapore and the first stages of its developing (1959 - 1965) the foundations which Lee Kuan Yew put to the raise the economic reality ending with the economic situations in Singapore between 1973 - 1990.The Fourth chapter presented in it the social situations in Singapore and Lee Kuan Yew endeavors in updating them since 1959 to 1990 where in the first topic discussed the nature of the Singapore society and role of Lee Kuan Yew in revealing it the roots of Singapore society the role which he played to build it and what was the policy that the followed towards the ethnic lingual items in Singapore society in the second topic it was noted to developing the educational side in the same stage and the extent of his care in that side while the third topic had studied developing the topic side in the same period of time. Finally the forth topic shed a light on the development of judicial side in the discussed period emerging the policy of Lee Kuna Yew in that side.By studying of the topic under consideration , we reached that Lee was responsible of Singapore s modernization and shifting it from under developing to a developed country in southeast Asia. The role of Lee in Singapore s renaissance clarifies the importance of the role of individual in development and reform.According to his national contributions of rebuilding of Singapore , Lee became an Asian phenomenon got the inspiration of several leaders , who expressed their estimation of the Singapore s experience of modernity and Lee role in this change.
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المنهج التاريخي عند ابن الدبيثي مقارنة مع ابن النجار : دراسة تحليلية (558 - 637 ه / 1162 - 1239 م) == The Historical Methodology of Ibn Al - Najjar : Analytical Study (558 - 637 H / 1162 - 1239 A.D)

Author name: هند ستار هادي التميمي
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: استعرضنا في الفصول السابقة من الرسالة المنهج التاريخي عند ابن الدبيثي مقارنة مع ابن النجار، من تحليل لسيرته وايام حياته في عهود الخلفاء العباسيين المتاخرة، ومنهجيته في التراجم، ودلالاتها المنهجية التاريخية، مقارنة وقد تبين لنا من هذا التحليل للشواهد | This thesis entitled the historical methodology of Ibn al - Dubaythi ? a comparison with Ibn al - Najja ?r. Through the analysis of his Muktasr and history of his life in the late Abbasid eras coupled with his methodology and historical references, in add
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ال ابي طالب خلال الحكم العباسي : دراسة تحليلية للعلاقات الطالبية - العباسية في العصر العباسي الاول، للسنوات (132 - 193 هـ / 750 - 809 م)

Author name: نذير صبار عبد الله
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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النشاط الاقتصادي في مصر منذ الفتح حتى عام 132 هــ / 749م : دراسة تحليلية احصائية == The Economic Activity In Egypt Sine The Conquest Until 132 A.H. \ 749 A.C.

Author name: خلود ارشيح عمارة
Supervisor name: حمدان عبد المجيد محمد الكبيسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study tackles the economic activity in Egypt since the conquest since 132 A.H. / 749 A.C. the development of the economic Islamic system, and showing the basics on which these fundamental were found. Its has inherited a heavy legacy from the Byzantium
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التشريع والقانون في الامبراطورية الرومانية : دراسة مقارنة مع التشريعات والقوانين العراقية القديمة == The Legislation And The Law In The Roman Empire A Comparative Study In Reference To Ancient Iraqi Laws

Author name: حسن كاظم دخيل
Supervisor name: حسين احمد سلمان
General topic: History
Specific topic: Ancient History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: كانت الامبراطورية الرومانية شاسعة الاجزاء، وتضم اشتاتا من الشعوب واللغات والتقاليد، ولم يكن هناك ادنى شك فيمن تكون له السيارة، وهي بالتاكيد للمواطنين الرومان الذين استطاعوا ان يقهروا في بضعة قرون هذه الدول المختلفة جميعها، الواحدة تلو الاخرى، حتى عر | The Roman Empire extended to vast parts, and included various groups of peoples, languages and traditions. After conquering various nations in few centuries, the region went under the rule of the Romans (Imperium Romanum). Although Rome considered the Rom
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العلاقات السياسية الانكليزية - الاسبانية في عهد الملكة اليزابيث الاولى 1558 - 1603 == Anglo - Spanish Political Relation 1558 - 1603

Author name: ثامر مكي علي مصطفى
Supervisor name: فلاح حسن الاسدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Since we W. Child has written in 1978 her book entitled English 'Trade with Castile in Later Middle Ages,' there is no a pioneer study to the English - Spanish political relations despite the importance for Europe in the sixteenth century. Obviously, An
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انتشار المسيحية في وسط الجزيرة العربية قبيل الاسلام (300 - 610 م) : دراسة تاريخية == The Spread of Christanity In The Arabian Peninsula 300 - 610 As Historical Study

Author name: اية علي صالح سلوم
Supervisor name: ليث شاكر محمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Ancient History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: بعد متابعتي لموضوع انتشار المسيحية في وسط الجزيرة العربية قبيل الاسلام (300 - 610م) دراسة تاريخية توصلت الى النتائج الاتية : - 1 - لعبت المدن والمواقع العامة في وسط شبه الجزيرة العربية بادوار مهمة لاستقبال المسيحية من العراق وبلاد الشام, اذ ان موقعها الم | MY study deals with " The spread of Christanity in the Arabian Peninsula 300 - 610 as historical study..Problematic.study Because of the failure of Arab historians Muslims in giving us detailed information about the history of Christianity in the center
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احوال مصر الاجتماعية في دولة المماليك البحرية (648 - 784 هـ / 1250 - 1382 م) == The Affection Sociable State Marine Mamluk (784 - 648H / 1250 - 1382 A.D)

Author name: اكرم صباح حسون
Supervisor name: نوال ناظم محمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: We came to our tagged : social life in the Mamluk era marine community know the nature of the Mamluk and social condition of the State of the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt during their rule of the country (648 AH - 784 AH / 1250 1382).The study produced severa
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المدارس والمؤسسات التعليمية في عهد الموحدين 541 - 668 هــ / 1145 - 1269 م == Schools And Educational Institutions In The Reign of Almohads

Author name: شفاء محمد حسن
Supervisor name: صباح ابراهيم سعيد الشيخلي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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اثر كلف النقل في الاتجاهات التسويقية لمعامل الاسمنت في العراق لعام 2015 == The Influence Of Transportation Cost On The Business Marketing Of Cement Factories In Iraq For 2015

Author name: نورس تحسين شبيب
Supervisor name: ناهض هاتف محمد السعيدي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد صناعة الاسمنت احد الانشطة المهمة لاقامة مشاريع البنى التحتية او اي مشروع اعماري , ان هدف الدراسة هو معرفة اثر كلف النقل في الاتجاهات التسويقية لمصانع الاسمنت في العراق لسنة 2015,وهل اثر الاسمنت المستورد في الصناعة المحلية ودراسة التوزيع الجغرافي لمص | The industry of cement is considered one of the significant activities in the construction of sites and projects. The present study aims at identifying the transportation cost of cement in Iraqi factories during 2015 and whether these costs do affect the business marketing of this product. Besides, it aims at exploring whether the imported cement does affect the local or national industry of this product, and the geographical distribution of cement factories in Iraq. This study has adopted the regional methodology resulting in identifying the factors of industrial settlement greatly impacting the cement industry such as the raw material, working hands, marketing, capital, energy and power, and the governmental policy besides the natural factors and conditions such as the geographical position, weather and water resources in the light of theories concerned with the transportation costs like Alfred Fiber theory and Hoover theory. The study has depended on the records of cement factories of governmental and non - governmental sectors in addition to field visits to diagnose the amount of cement produced during 2015. There is a variation in the geographical distribution of cement factories in Iraq as there are six factories in the north affiliated to the northern cement company, four in the west affiliated to the Iraqi cement company, and eight factories in the south affiliated to the southern cement company besides other private factories like Mas - Bazian in Sulaimania, Aldouh factory in AlMuthna, and Almabroukah factory in AlBasra. The cement industry in Iraq suffers from a lot of problems like transportation cost, factories distribution, marketing problems, pollution problems, power problems and foreign competitive products. It has been concluded that the industrial settlement is one of the main reason in constructing and building cement industrial projects especially in the case of Iraq which is best known by the availability of raw materials. Furthermore, the transportation cost of cement from those factories to the various governorates decides the business marketing of this product as it has been observed that the transportation direction from those factories to the nearest governorates show lower prices and costs and the reverse is true.

التباين المكاني لحالات الوفيات في قضاء خانقين للمدة (1987 - 2014) == The Spatial Variation Of The Deaths In Khanaqin For The Period (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014)

Author name: ميعاد نعمت احمد بهرام
Supervisor name: فاضل محسن يوسف الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الوفيات من اهم المؤشرات التي تعكس الاوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في اي مجتمع كان ومدى صحة ووعي سكانه ورفاهيتهم وهو مكسب الدراسة واهميتها وان الهدف من البحث هو دراسة العامل المتناقص للنمو السكاني والمتمثل بالوفيات التي غالبا ما تتعرض بياناتها الى | statistical studies has been Expanded to include many fields and sectors, including the population sector, where the researchers have interested to study of the census and measurements related to the problems such as briths, deaths and migration of the population sector, because of its great importance in the field of planning and management. The research as a part of series of researchers that are interested on the side of the demographic characterization. The research tackled declining factor of the population growth which represented the deaths, which are often their data are subject to different types of errors, that are notably the lack of registration of the facts, especially in developing countries, so this research focuses on the spatial variation of the deaths in the district of Khanaqin during the period 1987 - 1997 - 2007 - - 2,014 which targeted the knowledge of trends and its temporal and spatial variations aspects of the level of the city based on a set of standards for deaths and identifying the typical and age variations of the deceased and the causes of death and their relationship to the surrounding environment. The study depends on the data recording of vital events in the death registration offices which belong to the administrative aspects of khanaqeen As well as it has been depending on the field study to fill what is missing from the data. The study has showed that the deaths value that have been collected during the study period (3880) and crude death rate for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) was (8.8 per thousand, 4.8 per thousand 0.6 per thousand, 4.6 per thousand), which in turn, did not score a chronologically organized trend where it is characterized the variation between high and low, as well as the number of deaths have been varied according to months of the year and the seasons as it is recorded the highest proportion of deaths in January and December, and it shows that winter and summer record the highest rate of deaths. The study also reveals that the superiority of the male deaths to female deaths for all years of study at a rate (64.1%, 56.9%, 65.6%, 53.6%) for males for years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) vs. (35, 9% 43.1%, 34.4%, 46.4%) of females for years above of the total deaths of the city And for the age pattern of deaths, the study also showed the relative importance of variation for age groups in terms of reality, including the value of the deaths, the study has shown that age group (15 - 44 ) has topped the other age groups at a rate (27.6%) of the total deaths, followed by category ( 65 years and over) by (21.6%) of the total of deaths Regarding the cause of deaths it has been shown by the study, that deaths due to diseases accounted for (7.63%) for the year 1987, and (7.49%) for the year 1997, and (50.7%) for the year 2007, (61.9% ) for the year 2014, and the circulatory system diseases and blood diseases topped the other types of diseases at a rate (22.6%, 27.7%, 24.1%, 28.7%) for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths diseases, followed by cancerous diseases at a rate (18.6%, 15%, 15.3%, 15.1%) for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths diseases. While deaths due to accidents accounted for the proportion (50.3%) for the year 1987, and (36.3%) for the year 1997 (49.3%) for the year 2007, (38.1%) for the year 2014 of the total deaths,whilethe deaths of gunshot incidents and other accidents rate topped the rate of (41.3%, 24.9%, 45.1%, 44.5%) for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths incidents. The study shows through statistical methods that used in data analysis that there is strong correlation and relationship of significance found between the dependent variable analysis (the number of deaths) and independent Almngiberat (cancer X1. Degenerative diseases X2. Communicable Diseases X3. Numbers of deaths by accidents and numbers of deaths by terrorism X5. Number of deaths naturally X6), and it is found through multiple regression that the independent variables application (cancer x1. degenerative diseases X2. diseases transitional X3. Deaths by accidents deaths by terrorism X5. number of deaths naturally X6) has a larger impact in influencing the approved variable (number of deaths) and (1%) only attributed to other factors, the model was unable to count. the study clarifies that the distribution of deaths, according to the administrative units has been marked by variations where the center of the city ranked first in the number of deaths for all years of the study, as the percentage recorded (40.5%, 49.5%, 38.1%, 37%) years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths amount. It has been shown by study that the geographical distribution of deaths due to the disease, according to the administrative units has been marked by variation , where it shows out the high percentage in the center of Khanaqeen all the years of study, with the percentage of registered (35.4%, 36.8%, 34.1%.33 0.1%) for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths due to the elimination of diseases, and the lowest geographical distribution of deaths due to the disease in hand by Mo amounted to (4.6%, 3.7%, 3.1% , 4.8%) for the years above of the total deaths due to the elimination of diseases, while the geographical distribution is characterized due to accidents where the variations also topped in the center to all other administrative units which record (45.3%, 45.1%, 38.4 %, 45.5%) for the years (1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2014) of the total deaths due to accidents this study revealed the impact of climate especially temperatures as the most influential factor in natural deaths average compared with other natural factors in addition to the impact of different human factors the level of living standards (household income) and the level of education, occupation and place of residence and the housing situation and the level of provided health services

تحليل خرائط المؤشرات التخطيطية للخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية

Author name: منى محمد علاوي
Supervisor name: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ترمي الرسالة الى دراسة تحليل خرائط الخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية والتعرف على التباين المكاني في الخدمات الاجتماعية (التعليمية والصحية والترفيهية ) فضلا عن معرفة امكانية تحليل الخدمات الاجتماعية في عكس واقع وكفاءة تلك الخدمات في منطقة الدراسة والكش

تحليل خرائط مؤشرات كثافة استعمال الارض في مدينة بغداد

Author name: مريم عبد الهادي اكوش
Supervisor name: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى اعداد وتحليل خرائط لاستعمالات الارض الحضرية والكثافات السكانية والحضرية والسكنية في مدينة بغداد على كافة المستويات الحضرية ابتداء من اكبر مستوى هو البلدية ثم الحي السكني والى اصغر وحدة ادارية والتي تتمثل بالمحلة السكنية لعامي 2009 - 2015 | r urban grounding, and population, urban and housing densitie urban levels including the largest component of municipality and the smallest component of neighborhood during 2009 - 2015 through spotting lights on the way of distributing population density and the main reasons behind such distribution. The study has identified the different patterns of housing, industrial, general services, open and green lands, farming, governmental, transportation, and the like uses. It also explicates the way of distribution of these densities in the various administrable units of the area under investigation through setting up and analyzing a set of maps. This study has three chapters ; chapter one deals with describing the uses of maps for land density at the municipality level , chapter two deals with setting up ground density grouping maps for the various neighborhoods of the present study, while chapter three deals with analyzing the ground density grouping maps for the smallest administrable units. The researcher has used the descriptive methodology and digit - quantification map analysis methodology. That is, it has been used maps and satellite images of Baghdad city, and setting up a set of maps for the area under investigation via the data provided by the governmental official institutions. The study has 61 maps and 41 tables. The study has come up with a number of concluding findings. It has been emphasized the significance of digital maps in magnifying the density image for the smallest housing area or so - called neighborhood. The following neighborhoods (303, 311, 109, 111, 113, 117, 119, 125, 127, 129, 131, 520, 522, 526, 528, 532, 534, 540, 542, ' 544, 54, 548, 550, 522, 554, 560, 560, 562, 527, 529, 531, 544, 546, 550, 552, 554, 556, 558, 560, 562, 627, 529, 531, 533, 539, 541, 543, 547, 549, 551, 553, 559, 561 ', 563, 563, 565, 567, 569, 513, 517, 519, 521, 555, 557, 571, 571, 573, 575, 752, 754, 758, 701, 713, 715, 719, 715, 721, 732, 737, 751, 753, 771, 773, 789,913,950,813,673,421,454,458,460,462,472, 416, 418, 418, 426, 462,430) have high urban density of 500 person per a hectarein 2015. Also, the administrable units have accessed the permissible population limit, and a number of solutions have been put forward

التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط للمدة (1988 - 2015) == Spatial Analysis Of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure (1988 - 2015)

Author name: كرار احمد عطية نعمة
Supervisor name: بشار محمد عويد القيسي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: جاءت الدراسة الموسومة بـ ( التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط) لمعرفة ما هو الانفاق العسكري وما اثر تلك النفقات على منطقة الشرق الاوسط بصورة عامة ودوله بصورة خاصة وطبيعة التباين في النفقات العسكرية بين تلك الدول واسباب هذا التباين خصوصا بعد | The study, entitled (Spatial Analysis of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure), is an attempt to find out what is meant by military expenditure, its effect on the Middle East, in general, and particularly the countries in this area, the nature of the differences in military expenditure among these countries and reasons behind these differences. This expenditure lately witnessed a remarkable increase; however most of these countries are developing and suffering from several economic and developmental problems. In this study, the researcher discusses the concepts of military expenditure and Middle East. The most prominent concepts, differences among these concepts and reasons behind differences among researchers concerning these concepts, were discussed. Besides, most the prominent geographical characteristics of the Middle East which serve the subject, concerning position, area and strategic importance of the area were tackled. The study also mentions world military expenditure by billions of dollars out of the gross domestic product, the most world countries spending on military sectors, among which were many countries from the Middle East. The researcher also discusses military expenditure for each continent and differences in such expenditure among continents. After that, military expenditure in the Middle East, in general, in million dollars, gross domestic product of each country were discussed to show the nature and extent of military expenditure of world, Middle East and each country separately. Then, the extent of military expenditure of each country in the Middle East, nature of differences and most profitable countries and companies from this expenditure were discussed. The researcher tried to mention the most prominent reasons behind such a difference in military expenditure and reasons led countries of the Middle East to resort to such a high level military expenditure. Then he tried to study the most important effects of such military expenditure (positive and negative effects), as well as clarify the future of military expenditure in the Middle East.

هيدروجيومورفولوجية نواظم الضبط الجنوبية لنهر الفرات في محافظة ذي قار == Hedrogeomorphology Head Regulators South Seizure Of The Euphrates River In The Province Of Dhi Qar

Author name: سناء عبد شهد التميمي
Supervisor name: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي | حسين لعيبي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناولت الدراسة مجرى نهر الفرات وتفرعاته والذي يمتد من ناحية الفضلية التابعة لقضاء سوق الشيوخ في محافظة ذي قار حيث تمثل نقطة دخول نهر الفرات في منطقة الدراسة، وتفرعه في هذه الناحية الى فرع (غليوين) والمقام عليه اول ناظم من نواظم الضبط الجنوبية وصولا الى م | The study examined the course of the Euphrates River and its branches, which extends from the hand of the Suq - Shuyukh in Dhi Qar province, where represents the entry of the Euphrates point Fudaliyah, and Tafrah in this area to a branch (Glujn) and place it first Rhyming of South head regulators tuning down to the mouth of the rest of the forest Euphrates River erected thereon Rhyming (Glujn, good vine, Aekakh, Digger, brown happy, or Palm) in Hammar marsh and along the river (43 km). Study of the hydrological system and the resulting forms of geomorphology and pictures invested in Hedrogeomorphology study. The researcher relied on field study scientific and historical sources and interpretation of satellite images and topographic maps.The study area is part of the alluvial plain land which is characterized by Banbsat out of the northwest slope towards the south - east, which Kan determine the general direction of the river bed a height of approximately (5 m) above sea level.The geology of the region dating back to the Pleistocene and Holocene era and covers the surface sediments of time is a modern four - wheel depositions disjointed divided into floodplain deposits, which mostly due to the activity of the Euphrates and tables branching ment in historical stages, depressions and deposits, and deposits of the marshes.The region is subject climatically to the dry desert climate depending on climatic data obtained from Nasiriyah station and Samawa, so the recipe drought to the region reflected its effects on the lack of rain in winter and high temperatures in summer, leading to variation and fluctuation in the discharge hydrological Euphrates River monthly and quarterly and annually and is affected by the quantities the disposal absolute headwaters of major river, affecting the composition of formats ground inside and outside of the river and its branches, as well as the lack of vegetation density, making the region is characterized by climatic water balance is negative, according to my way of Thornthwait and Khrovh. Based on these characteristics and how they interact with each identified forms the floor of the area and of Mounattvat and twists of river and islands river, which is that of the geomorphological aspects of excellence in forest river, as was the shoulder for (54) a turn and twisting in the main stream and the forest, and through maps and visualizations were taken clips longitudinal study area and Tzmt to three longitudinal sections where the river turned out to be going through a period where he excelled longitudinal aging sector of the river slightly Ptqar (semi - regular) to the small vertical distance of the sector for the longitudinal horizontal distance.As it has been cleared cross sections where it was found through a survey (10) sections of the river that the form of these sections take the form of the letter (U) which is a reference to the stage of aging is going through because of the duck runoff resulting from a lack of steep and deep (0.75 cm / km).As it turned out that there is a clear interaction between geomorphological fluvial processes and human activity as the changing course of the river through the stages may cause migration of many towns and villages that were built on its extension and turned into a new stream taken, which is reflected in the settlement pattern, as it would like linear pattern along the course of the Euphrates River in the regionAs it turns out that the river water is investing in several areas of agricultural investment in the forefront, and human use in the field of drinking comes lags filtered by the filter plants (RO) for use in the field of drinking and washing and then use the water to drink animals that grew up in the area and agriculture is dependent class basis on the style of irrigation through an intermediary only at the present time due to the low river water levels, through various pumps horsepower and powers on both sides of the river.

التنبؤ بالتساقط باستخدام بيانات الغطاء الغيمي في العراق : دراسة في جغرافية المناخ == Forecasting The Precipitation By Using Cloud Cover Data In Iraq Study In The Geography Of The Climate

Author name: سالار علي خضر الدزيي
Supervisor name: نعمة محسن لفتة الفتلاوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The aim of this study is (forecasting the precipitation by using cloud cover data in Iraq). To achieve this goal, the properties of low, medium and high clouds affecting Iraq mounted (27) types are studied through their diffusion percentage (coverage), base height, types and the relation between each of these properties and rainfall with its five shapes (drizzle - rains - snows - heavy showers and thunderstorms). for eight climatic stations from Iraq (Mosul, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Rutba, Al - Hay, Diwayniya, Nasiriya and Basra).The research results were reached the following points : - Concerning the clouds' properties like their diffusion percentage and base height, the results have proved that the season difference affects these two properties greatly where the diffusion percentage of the clouds increases during winter and decreases during spring and autumn, also the base height of the clouds decreases during winter and increases during spring and autumn. - As to the nine types of low clouds, it is found that they do not appear evenly for some types appear more than the others.Generally, the types of low clouds that hold the characteristics of the layered clouds and the accumulated clouds are the most apparent types in Iraq weathers such as the layered accumulation clouds on one hand. The appearance of types with the layered shapes increases during cold months (winter), whereas the appearance of types with accumulated shapes increases during moderate months (spring and autumn) on the other hand. - For types of medium clouds, their appearance average also varies according to their types. The appearance of the layered types increases during winter and the appearance of the accumulated types increases during spring and autumn, too. - The high clouds are characterized with their all nine types being at the peak of appearance averages during spring, autumn then winter.The results, related to the relation between rainfall and its types with the clouds' base height, prove that there are heights for clouds' bases contribute largely in forming rainfall and its shapes Vs the non contribution of other heights except with too little rates of rainfall. Regarding the relation nature between rainfall and its shapes with low and medium clouds, it is clear that not all types of low and medium clouds are unproductive for some types are greatly responsible of forming rainfall compared to other types thathave a too little role, on one hand. It is found that there are certain types of clouds responsible of certain types of rainfall and its shapes, on the other hand. In order to complete the picture concerning this subject, the analytic method of flat and upper maps air for the two pressure levels (850 - 500) Millibar is used to define the types of the flat and upper pressure system responsible of forming the types of clouds and their height forming in tum different rainfall shapes. The results have proved the existence of a certain order for those different pressure systems during the formation of a certain shape of clouds and rainfall. This order is exposed to change during the occurrence of another shape of rainfall. These changes can be used for future forecast of various rainfall shapes. In addition, T t/> gram diagram is used to define the thickness and height of chosen types of low and medium clouds functionally through following ·up the temperature of air and dew point.

هيدروجيومورفولوجية حوض وادي السدير في هضبة العراق الجنوبية == A Hydro - Geomorphological Study Of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin In The Southern Iraqi Plateau A Thesis Submitted

Author name: علي مجيد ياسين ال بوعلي
Supervisor name: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم بحث هيدروجيومورفولوجية حوض وادي السدير باستعمال تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)، الذي يقع اداريا ضمن حدود محافظة المثنى، وطبيعيا ضمن هضبة العراق الجنوبية، واحتل مساحة قدرها (1805.28 كم2) والذي يجري واحواضه الثانوية الاربعة مع الاتجاه العام للانح | The present study has investigated the hydro - Geomorphology of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin which is located in Al - Muthanaa Governorate of the Southern Iraqi Plateau through the use of the geographic information system technology (GIS). Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin constitutes an area of about (1805.28 KM) which is running with its four sub - basins from the southwest to the north and northeast. Its astronomic location is situated between the latitudes of (29? - 53? - 41?) and (30? - 45? - 26?) north, and the longitudes of (45? - 31? - 44?) and (46? - 7 ? - 18?) east, that is, it falls within the climate of dryness and semi - dryness Iraqi region, and its water is running during the yearly raining season.This study is intended to identify the natural physical geography of this basin in terms of its natural processes and factors, featured draining systems and the morphological shapes of this basin. In addition, it is intended to identify the most prominent natural potentials of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin like water harvesting operations, renewable wind and solar energy resources that can be utilized as natural resources. The natural physical resources comprise the ground structure, topography, climate, soil and natural vegetation. It is noted that the land structure has played a crucial role in the land formation, and the role played by the ancient climate conditions is of great impact on the geomorphology of the basin formation compared to current climate conditions. Besides the role of natural topography, soil and vegetation, is not less important than the aforementioned factors. The characteristics of water drainage network of the basin are analyzed according to the procedures so - called (Wadi Analysis) within the program applications of (Arcgis 10.2.2) operating in accordance with the methodology proposed by Strahler (1957). It consists of spatial, morphological, longitudinal and topographic characteristics of the basin and, the water drainage network. In addition, the analysis of hydrological characteristics of the basin is carried out in terms of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water. The data analysis is based on the climatic information data provided by Asimawah and Nasiriya stations between the time periods (1984 - 2014). A set of equations have been computed to identify the quantitative characteristics of water resources. Also, the qualitative characteristics of specific samples of basins’ water have been checked to determine its safe use. Identification of geomorphological processes including the erosion and weathering operations and the like, has been done. It has been concluded that the water resources of Wadi Al - Sadeer can be exploited and used. Finally, the study has come up with a number of conclusions and recommendations

التحليل المكاني لانتاج القمح ومواقع خزنه في العراق : دراسة في الجغرافية الاقتصادية == Spatial Analysis Of Wheat Production And Storage Site In Iraq

Author name: نورة زايد عاتي حميد
Supervisor name: ندى شاكر جودت الفرطوسي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The storage process is considered one of the important elements relied on in providing the spatial and temporal benefits of the stored produce. Hence, the study got its importance because it highlights the spatial distribution of the Wheat silos in Iraq that the storage methods varied in Iraq including the systematic storage processes represented by the storage in silos of three types (vertical, horizontal, astral), and the non - systematic storage processes represented by storing in the open air in addition to storing under roofs, in bunkers, and in concrete terraces, The study area has been divided into five geographical territories excluding Kurdistan region. The territories are : 1 - The Northern territory includes Mosul, Kirkuk and Saladin provinces. This territory area is (71365) sq. Km with a ratio of (%18, 04) of the total area of Iraq.2 - The Western territory includes Anbar, Najaf, and Muthana provinces. The area is (218372) sq. km constituting (%55, 21) of the total area.3 - The middle territory includes Baghdad, Diyala, and Wasit provinces constituting (39393) sq. km of the total territory area representing (% 9, 96).4 - The middle Euphrates territory includes Babel, Karbala, Al - Qadisiyaah provinces with a total area of (18306) sq. km representing (% 4, 62).5 - The Southern territory includes Maysan, Thii Qar, Basrah provinces with a total area of (48042) sq. km i.e. (% 12, 14).The temporal dimension of the study represented the period extending from 2004 to 2013. The study put forward a number of conclusions the most important of which is that the total of wheat storage capacities of different types in Iraq reached (3708730) tons. The northern territory scored the highest wheat storage capacities followed by the middle territory followed by the Western territory and middle Euphrates ,While the lowest of the all the territories in terms of the storage capacity was the southern territory.And contrast each type of storage in the provinces of the study area,It was calculated the difference between the energy storage design (engineering) and actual energies Alkhoznip has seemed clear differencebetween each of the two variables, as it exceeded the difference between the two variables to (81,550 tonnes) as is the case in the province of Baghdad.And found through the study to be marketed quantities of wheat crop to centers Altsoeqh may be distributed to a group of marketing tract and they form the marketing tract (marketing trends) wheat crop varied quantities marketed towards both conduct marketing and ensure that this tract of both the domestic market, and marketing centers affiliated to the Ministry of Commerce and inventories at the farmer and companies.it was the cese for spatial amount of the surplus and the deficit of the wheat crop in the provinces of the study area Northern Territory emerged as the highest amount of surplus wheat crop of 2004 while remained the other three provinces (province of the Middle Euphrates and the southern province and western) food deficit of the wheat crop, and when the case of self - sufficiency study for 2013, depending on the commodity balance, we find that the geographical distribution of the state of self - sufficiency in the picture may have changed if food surplus wheat crop and relying on statistical methods used to predict and of decline simple linear been the case the outlook for production and consumption until 2025 study, and then determine the size of the gap / food surplus wheat crop, which will be witnessed by Iraq until the year depending on commodity balance.

التحليل المكاني لاستعمالات الارض الدينية في مدن محافظة ميسان == The Place Analysis For The Religious Land Uses In Maissan Governorate Cities

Author name: حسام كاظم حافظ عبود
Supervisor name: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Modern geographical studies are interested in determining and analyzing phenomena that took place on the surface of our planet, through a genuine methodology, scientific steps, accurate scales and authentic features and data in attempts to comprehend the phenomena and predict new changes to them. Urbanite land investment is among interests that echoed heavily in the geography of cities. Its real start, concerning application, was directly after world War Two when many of world cities were destroyed. Among uses is the use of religious land, whose urbanite projecting suffered a wide failure, during modern era, which contributed into the rise of several urbanite settlements during history due to its importance.Therefore, the role of the researcher, as a geographic, rises to study this use in cities of Maissan Governorate; which are 15 cities. The study aims at highlighting the importance of religious factor, the extent of special organization, and offering religious services to the inhabitants of these cities in accordance with analytical method.The study is of an introduction and three chapters. Chapter one deals with theoretical background, the concepts that clarify the special limitations of the study and concepts of religion and the city, the impact of the religious factor and its significance to the city, as well as what uses are there to the religious land and its articles. Chapter two clarifies the picture of special distribution of the religious land in the cities of the governorate; which are the cities Amara, Ali el - Gharbi, Ali el - Sharji, Al - Kumait, Al - Musharrah, Al - Kahlaa, Qal'at Salih, Al - Uzair, al - Majar el - Kabeer, Al'Adil, al - Maymoona, As - Salam, Seid Ahmad Ar - Rifaa'I, beni - Hashim and al - Kheir. The technology of relation of neighborhood (the closer neighbor) was adopted in Chapter three to find out the special manners of distributing religious land. Here, the manner shows gathering centered in the cities of Ali el - Sharji, Al - Kheir and Seid Ahmad Ar - Rifaa'i, whereas it was random in Qal'at Salih, convergent in Ali el - Gharbi, Amara, Uzair, Al - Majar el - Kabeer, Al - adil and al - Maymoona, and divergent in the cities Al - Kumait, al - Misharrah, Al - Kahlaa and as - Salam. The study arrived at some conclusions and recommendations

هايدروجيومورفولوجيا حوض وادي ابو مريس في محافظة المثنى واثره في التنمية الاقتصادية == Hydromorphology Of Abo - Morais Valley Basin In Al - Muthana Province And Its Impact In The Economic Development

Author name: ايمان شهاب حسون
Supervisor name: عبد الله صبار عبود العجيلي | حسين العيبي السوداني
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الهدف من الدراسة هو بيان الخصائص الهايدرولوجية والجيومورفولوجية لحوض وادي ابو مريس الواقع في الجزء الجنوبي الغربي من الهضبة الجنوبية بمساحة(332,148) كم², امتدادا من حدود محافظة المثنى مع محافظة النجف تحديدا شمال غرب بحيرة ساوه، المحصورة بين دائرتي عر | The aim of the study is to show the hydro - geomorphologic characteristics of Abo Morais valley basin which lies the south western part of the southern highland with an area which extends (332, 148 square kilometer) from the borders of Al - Muthana province with Al - Najaf province specifically to the north west of Lake Sawa which extends between (31, 22 - 30, 56) latitudes northward and (45, 30 - 44, 30) longitude eastward. The study deals with physical characteristics of the area showing the spread of formations of the Eocene epoch represented by the formation of Al - Damam, Euphrates, cave and the deposits of the Pleistocene epoch represented by the deposits that fill the valleys, downhills and wind deposits via the morph - metric analysis of valleys of the study area, it has become clear that the valley have taken the rectangular shape that the elongation rate (0.4) in the whole basin of Abo - Morais because the study area was affected by faults and gorges. The hypsometric coefficient of the basin was (13, 45) which indicates the beginning of the geomorphologic development of the basin. Hydro - logically, the hydro - equation shows that the area suffers from water shortage in nine months extending from(March to October) while in (December, January, February) Al - Samawa (15, 12mm ) in Al - Najaf plant. SCS - CN equation has been used to estimate the size of the flow which depends on the soil type of basin and its permeability. Earth cover type of the basin have been classified to calculate CN values which indicate that the rate of CN value of the whole basin was (82, 50) which is a high value referring to the valley permeability deficiency. The roof low size for twenty years amounted to (33, 42) million square meter which is a step to apply the water harvest technique in the basin of the area due to its hydro - geomorphologic characteristics. As for the supply of the ground water, the water leaking through the soil and porous rocky layers of the same valleys reached (18,3 - 11,7) million square meters. This amount of water constitute the so - called ground water renewable storage. The study determined the validity of the ground water for the different human purposes whether potability or using it for the industrial and constructional irrigation. It has become clear that the ground waters are not valid for the human use and valid for purposes of plants and animal irrigating and for industrial purposes. The study determines the suitability of the lands and classified the ground cover and also showed the ways of developing its resources.

التحليل المكاني لاسواق تجارة الجملة للمواد الغذائية في مدينة بغداد == Spatial Analysis Of Markets For Wholesale Trade Of Foodstuffs In The City Of Baghdad

Author name: عدي ناهي حسن
Supervisor name: ندى شاكر جودت الفرطوسي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناول هذا البحث التحليل المكاني لاسواق تجارة الجملة للمواد الغذائية في مدينة بغداد فالاسواق من المشاريع الحيوية والهامة نظرا لاهميتها في عملية التبادل التجاري في جميع مستوياتها المحلية، الاقليمية، الدولية والتي تعكس مستوى التنمية والتطور الذي تشهده البل | This study deals with the spatial analysis of the food wholesale markets in Baghdad. The markets are vital and important projects due to their importance in the trade exchange process in all its levels, i.e., the local, territorial and international ones which, in their turn, reflect the development level witnessed by countries. The food wholesale markets are among the most important markets in Baghdad that played a great role in the local trade in Iraq represented by Baghdad and specifically Ash - shorja and Jamila markets that are located in Ar - Rasafa side, yet in 2003, a huge change happened in the number, nature and spread of the food wholesale markets in Baghdad because of the change of the economical, social and security conditions that Iraq witnessed after 2003. Food wholesale markets have become one of the most important trade activities that witnessed huge changes that they started to extend outside the main wholesale trade zone (Ash - shorja and Jamila markets). We notice that this expansion is found in all Baghdad townships in the main trade streets and even in the back streets, but in varying patterns and proportions in different townships. This expansion could be according to disciplined and organized foundations asserting a normal and correct condition for the change and it could also be undisciplined from the planning perspective which could have negative outcomes and consequences. This research depended on the study, and on the descriptive and quantitative analysis to show the pattern of this distribution in all the 14 townships of Baghdad, depending on the field study, the questionnaire used especially by the wholesale merchant, and a statistical style (Nearest Neighbor Analysis) which is a statistical standard widely used in studying the spatial distribution of the geographical phenomena using (GIS) program for the statistical analysis. It has become clear that the distribution of these stores and markets has taken the cluster approximate pattern on the level of the entire city, but on the level of the townships three patterns have been found(random approximate, apart, cluster approximate ).The reasons behind this huge increase in the number of the stores and the wholesale markets have been reached in addition to the consequences, the solutions, and the suggestions for organizing and managing this unplanned expansion

التحليل المكاني لمولدات الطاقة الكهربائية في مدينة الصدر

Author name: هديل عبد الامير رحيم علي الحميداوي
Supervisor name: انتصار حسون رضا السلامي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تاتي اهمية موضوع الدراسة من ارتباطه بتوفير الجو المريح مدينة الصدر فان تزايد ساعات الانقطاع والتدهور في الشبكة الوطنية يضيف اعباء على المدينة وهي تعيش في ظل ظروف اقتصادية صعبة فمعظم سكانها هم من ذوي الدخل المحدود او المنخفض والتدهور في منظومة الشبكة ال

التحليل المكاني لفقر الاطفال في قضاء الرصافة لعام 2016 == Spatial Analysis Of Children Poverty In Rusafa District In 2016

Author name: علي صالح نصيف جاسم
Supervisor name: علي عبد الامير ساجت الكعبي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناول هذا البحث التحليل المكاني لظاهرة فقر الاطفال في قضاء الرصافة لعام 2016 على مستوى الاحياء السكنية والمتضمن ((31 حيا تم دمجها الى عشرة مناطق محاولا الاجابة عن مشكلة الدراسة التي تضمنت معرفة التباين لدليل فقر الاطفال من الناحية الجغرافية وصفا وتحليلا | The study is a spatial analysis of the phenomenon of children poverty in Rusafa District for the year 2016 on the level of residential neighborhoods, which are 31. These neighborhoods were divided into ten zones. The study tries to tackle the problem of the study which is to find out discrepancy in the indicator of children poverty geographically through description and analysis by the use of nine fields according to each field indicators. The study tries to find out the privation within the fields of children poverty and the spatial discrimination on the level of zones, in accordance with spatial variety of the indicators of each one, which amount to 47 indicators. The field study was adopted of which privation percentage of each of the nine fields was deduced and their final outcome was the indicator of children poverty. The study concluded that the percentage of children poverty in Rusafa district demonstrated variety in the values from zone to another and from field to another. The first and third zones, which include the neighborhoods of (Ma'moon, Khansaa, Akkad, Za'faraniya, Sinbad, Diyala, 6 Kanoon) demonstrated the heaviest poverty in most fields, whereas the eighth and sixth zones, which conclude the neighborhoods of (Muthanna, Mu'tasim, 14 Tammoz, Idreesi, Nile, Mustansiriya) the lowest rates of poverty. Privation shows various rates according to fields. Percentage of health privation was (400.3) of each thousand, nutrition was (233.1), education privation was (284.2), housing privation was (349.3), privation of pure water and sewage were (262.6, 274.8) , whereas privation of early childhood development, children protection and information were (420.3, 308.9, and 390. 5) respectfully. The value of the indicator of children poverty for the study area varied according to each category and to each place. The first zone demonstrated the highest value of children poverty indicator, whereas the eighth zone demonstrated the lowest value of children poverty. The study made use of many statistic methods, such as Pearson's Product Moment Correlation among the indicators of each field according to categories. Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient was also used to find out correlation among fields, (economic, social and demographic) variables, and Geographical cluster analysis according to clusters in which fields of privation are close to each other.The field study showed a correlation among fields of children poverty with various satiation factors, which reflects the total correlation children poverty. The variable of (monthly income and education of the parents) demonstrated a strong correlation among most fields that showed the extent of correlation between the characteristics of the family and children poverty. The first, second and third zones demonstrated the strongest factor of nearness, as a result of high values of privation for the fields indicators of children poverty with the general indicator. The indicator of children poverty and its value correlates with the values of fields with multi - dimensions which relate, in turn, with the indicators of these fields and their values. Therefore, the interpretation of the discrepancy of these indicators plays a vital role in the geographic dimension of its fields and its indicator of children poverty.

خصائص الترب لمشروع قصب السكر واثرها في الانتاجية في محافظة ميسان == Soil Characteristics Of The Sugar Cane Project And Its Impact On Productivity In Maysan Province

Author name: حيدر اسعد عبد الامير
Supervisor name: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي | حسين لعيبي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: مشروع مزرعة قصب السكر في محافظة ميسان من المشاريع الاستراتيجية التي انشئت في سبعينات القرن الماضي, بعد نجاح زراعة قصب السكر واستنباط اصناف ملائمة للزراعة في المناطق شبه المدارية بين خطي عرض 300 جنوبا الى 340 شمالا عن خط الاستواء. تقع مزرعة قصب السكر (منط | Sugar cane plantation in the province of Maysan, a project of strategic projects established in the seventies of the last century, after the success of the cultivation of sugar cane and devise appropriate varieties for cultivation in subtropical areas between latitudes 300 south to 340 north from the equator. Sugar cane plantation is located (the study area) between latitudes 310.40 - 300.30 to the north, and the brackets of the length 470.10 - 470.06 east, mediates Hungary Great River (a tributary of the Tigris River) farm, which is the source of President perfusion of the farm. Soil sedimentary farm sugar cane, as a result of DepositionsTigris River and its branches, so they made up mainly of alluvial mud and silt, sand and clay. And have a minor decline of no more than 0.002 from the northeast to the west where the altitude ranges ground (7 - 2 M) above sea level.The climatic factors of solar radiation and temperatures suitable generally for the cultivation of sugar cane crop, especially after the adoption of the autumn farming system (start cultivating the mind in mid - August until mid - October month - a period Germination - with and there is a dormant period after the tailoring stage for a period of four months to inadequate climatic conditions extends until June to begin later growth stage Great - Vegetative growth - ). The rainfall system is not suitable for the cultivation of sugar cane, but on the contrary have to rain a negative effect, through the water increase in plant sugar cane for the required limit, as well as the rainfall in the winter has a negative effect, as the process of harvest delay and increased impurities ratio sugar juice and sugar extracted later.The jungles of the problems of the sugar cane crop, and is the deterioration of the quality and the winning amount for the sugar cane crop, as well as being host to many insects and plant pathogens and cause extra costs of labor, machinery, equipment and pesticides. And it is the growth of the bushes thickly in the early growth, which allows them to excel in growth on the main crop (sugar cane).Texture of soil to farm sugarcane as samples are Specimens alluvial mud, mud - placer as well as having Specimens sand at the rear of the second series of Saada. Accordingly, the physical properties of soils farm sugar cane does not represent any hindrance or a determining factor for the production of sugar cane crop with a good management of the soil and to suit the crop. It represents a cation exchange capacity (sodium absorption ratio) the soil's ability to deliver food material to the plant. And the ability of the soil depends on the ratio of colloids (size beloved diameter less than 2 microns) In other words, based on the proportion of Mvsolat mud and silt in the soil, because they are just that diameters of grains crystallized (2microns or less). And the value is 24 mg /100g minimum capacity of cationic exchange. Analyses of samples taken for chains of sugar cane plantation soils have shown that the value of cation exchange capacity 43 mg /100g, as a result of the high percentage of clay, and it does not represent the cation exchange capacity is no obstacle in the cultivation of sugar cane crop. Soil farm sugarcane neutral in terms of the degree of interaction, but it is to be poor in terms of food material in the soil, especially the elements phosphorus and nitrogen and potassium, so these elements being added through manure during certain periods and quantities needed by the plant.Degree drainage soils for sugarcane project varied between good, medium and bad, which is taken into account in the perfusion operations or when a land reclamation operations and reduce the salinity in the soil. The percentage of salinity and salinity in soils and accumulation of specific sugar cane crop factors. Salts has spread to large areas of farm soils sugar cane as a result of neglect and even in those lands that are Terpha with good drainage.This call to the speed of Reclamation irrigation canals and drainage and disposal of underground water near the surface of the earth, and that contributed to the increase of salinity in the soil. And creating irrigation systems and effective puncture in order to make the sugar cane project leader in Iraq with economic returns, which contributes to assign the economy of Iraq project, especially since the project is linked with other projects such as sugar cane factory - farm or constructed to take advantage of the remains of sugar cane after its age and extract sugar, such as near a farm sugar cane paper factory.The revival of the sugar cane project will encourage the relevant government departments, work to find similar projects both in Maysan or in other provinces and then there will be a new look at Iraq's economy is based on the establishment of commercial and strategic agricultural projects that will create industries are its Article preliminary cultivated crops or residues. Or projects that are based on the cultivation of cash crops, according to modern methods of agriculture. And then create a multi - polar economy countries and reduce dependence on oil and its derivatives as an economy of the country unilaterally.

واقع الصناعات الانشائية (صناعة البلاط والمواد العازلة والمنتجات الكونكريتية) في مدينة بغداد : دراسة في جغرافية الصناعة == The Reality of Construction Industries (Industry Tiles And Insulating Materials And Concrete Products) In The City of Baghdad As Study In The of Industriel Geography

Author name: نورة زايد عاتي حميد
Supervisor name: فاضل محسن يوسف الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الصناعة قاعدة اساسية في عمليات بناء اقتصاديات المدن من خلال مساهمتها البارزة في الاساس الاقتصادي للمدينة، وتنسجم طبيعة المدن ولاسيما الكبرى منها مع قيام النشاطات الصناعية لانها تتصف بالعديد من عناصر الانتاج الصناعي كالسوق ومصادر الطاقة والكوادر الفنية

تغير استعمالات الارض الحضرية لمدينة عنه للمدة (1986 - 2006) : دراسة حضرية، كارتوغرافية رقمية == Changes The Urban Land Employed of Aana City For The Period (1986 - 2006) : Urban Study, Digital Cartographic

Author name: براء كامل عبد الرزاق العاني
Supervisor name: هاشم خضير نايف الجنابي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Maps and GIS
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الخريطة من المرتكزات الاساسية التي يعتمدها الجغرافي في بحثه، فهي اهم اداة يستخدمها ويحتاجها في دراسته، اذ ان معظم البحوث الجغرافية تكون معتمدة على الخريطة، لذا تناول البحث الذي هو بعنوان ( تغيراستعمالات الارض الحضرية لمدينة عنه للمدة 1986 - 2006 "دراس | The map is regarded is the basic focus on which the geographer depends in his research. It is the most important instrument which the uses and needs in his study. All the most researches could be conducted at the map. Therefore, the research entitled, (Ch

مشكلة الاسكندرونة وابعادها الجيوبوليتيكية : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == The Problem of Al - Iscandarona And Its Geopolitical Dimensions

Author name: وسام احمد رشيد عيدان
Supervisor name: هاشم خضير نايف الجنابي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The question of Al - Askndrona Strip is regarded as an important question as far the international relations are concerned. Although there was more than) 70 (years of this problem between Turkey and Syria, it still a source of trouble and tension between

خصائص الشخصية المميزة للمدمنين من غير المدمنين على الكحول

Author name: سلام هاشم حافظ
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم البياتي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Man had known alcohol about 8000 years ago. It was used for medical, psychological, and religious purposes.In modern societies an increase in the problems associated with alcoholism is noticed. Alcoholism means bad. repercussions for the ind.i vi dual himself : " bis physical and psychological health"; on his family " ignorance of childJ : >en and marital disturbance"; and on his society, "labour and transportation accidents and crimes" •TheJ : 'e a.re many theories about alcoholism • They can be divid.ed into three sets : physiological and biochemical theories that deal with genetic agents and with some organic processes in the body; psychological theories that concentrate on childhood. experiences and the history of ind.ividual behaviour; and social theories that pay much attention to social institutions and cultural transformations that society undergoes through.Studying the psycho - social dimension of alcoholism seems amatter that deserves special attention in Iraq.This is due to tho fuct that there urc.a : c research in tb.ia field. It is signi : t : 4 - A~nt. : .t~~t thi$e studios o,hould be comparative betwe\~ : n a149ngl,i,~;3/, drinkers• : and abstainers especially thot abst~~~ : iiM' a consider - ·• able category in society The purpose of this study is to know the possible differences between alcoholics and abstainers and drinkers in anxiety, phobia, obsession, somatic anxiety depression and hysteria. These differences are applied also in the areas of parental, vocational, and marital adjustment and in fami tial alcoholism. The study also aims at knowing the possible differences between alcoholics!and. drinkera in the variables of the age of starting drinking and the duration of dJ : 'inking. Other va : ~iables include age, education level, and monthly income of alcoholics resident ata hocpitul for treatment.ThP. Samvle subjects participated in the study. They were distributed into 3 categories : Alcoholics (31), mean age 44.16 years old, whose educational level below interm.adial : e whose monthly income average is I.D. 222 67. Twenty Four of them were married., 4 divorced, and 3 singles; all of them are males.Drinkers : (111), means age 41.Jl years old, whose educational level below diploma and whose monthly income average is I Abstainers : (102), mean age 40.37 years old whose educational level below secondary stage and whose monthly income average is I.D 174 16. All of them. are married. males.Drinkers and. abstainers were chosen from some industrial establishments and. some members of vocational associations.Procedu Crown - Crisp Experiantial Index. (CCEI) Aquestionnair of social ad.justment developed. by the researcher taking into consideration r'ensur of validity, re : tiabili ty, and. i terns abili t;r to differentiate among the individuals. Statistical Means One way SC}IBEFE Test.t. test Pearson eorrelation Coefficient •Spearman - Brown Correlation Coefficient. FindiwsThe findings of the study indicated. that alcoholics are characterized. by anxiety, phobia, obsession, somatic anxiety , and. depression when compared with drinkers and abstainers; and are characterized by hysteria when compared With abstainers. The findings indicated. also that alcoholics are less than the other two categories in parental and marital ad.justment and higner than them in vocational ad.justment. Drinking spreads among drinkers families more than the families of alcoholics endabstainers. Drinkers started. drinking at an age earlier than alcoholics. There were no significant differences between the two categories in the duration of drinking
Summary:
References:

نمط الهوية وعلاقته بمراجعة الحياة لدى كبار السن == Identity Style And Its Relationship To A Review Of Life By The Elderly

Author name: مروة روضان هاشم
Supervisor name: سوسن عبد علي السلطاني
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يختلف الافراد في مدى فهمهم لحقيقة السلوك، ووعيهم بموضوعية السلوك وقدرتهم على تعديله وتنميته وتطويره من اجل الحصول على الاهداف بطريقة مثلى وبنتائج ايجابية وبهذا فان درجة تفهم الفرد للسلوك ومستوى ادائه يرتبط بقدرته على التوازن بين الخبرات واحداث الحياة التي | Individuals differ in the extent of their understanding of the behavior’s fact, and their awareness of the objectivity of the behavior and their ability to amend and develop it in order to obtain the goals in an optimal way and with positive results. Thus the degree of the individual’s understanding of the behavior and the level of his performance is linked to his ability to balance between experience and life events that always work on the selection of the best, modify the bad and compensate the loss in an effective manner The literature shows that there is a link between human behavior and age experienced by the individual, which is affected by the personal aspects of the individual and what it has of the biological, emotional and cognitive activity (knowledge) with the environmental aspects and the conditions experienced, so the immortal natural fact, which should not be missed by our consciousness and our thinking is the fact of the change and adaptation to this change. There is no living organism that does not change. The change is a life feature and nature.The elderly people are considered a very rich source of experience accumulated over long years and a source of scientific, literary, administrative and productivity of knowledge so we should focus on them and that they should be given the chance to contribute to the path of development and production as long as they are able to give and as long as their health conditions permit, according to their abilities and potentials.When an individual reaches up to the last stage of his life, he will use the identity style, and this pattern is prevalent for him more than other styles thus he checks his life. Through the individual’s checking of using a certain style of the three style of the identity he will have the ability to review the life how the elderly would be able to review his life. Life review is a cognitive and emotional process that occurs at the end of individual’s life and thinking about a return to the past would be through the experiences of his life to integrate separate events. Thus life review process may benefit individuals in the final stages of their lives, as well as it benefits the people of the middle ages.The current research deals with : - 1. measuring the three identity style (assimitative, accommodative, balanced) of the elderly.2. knowing the differences in the identity style and life review according to : A) Gender : - (male - Female).B) Age : - (81 - 71) (70 - 60).C) The occupation status (employee - retired)D) Marital status : - (married - not married - divorced - widower).E) Academic achievement : - (primary - secondary - high school - diploma - Bachelor - higher studies). 3. Measuring life review in the elderly.4. Knowing the correlation between the identity style and life review of the elderly.5. Knowing the extent of the contribution the identity style in the prediction of the life review of the elderly. The researcher, in order to achieve the goals of the current research, adopted (Whitbourn 1987) theory of the identity style and the theory of Butler (Butler, 1963) in life reviewing. In addition, the researcher used a scale developed by (Whitbourn, 1987) to measure identity in the elderly, and the researcher prepared a life review scale based on questions put by the scientist Butler in (1963). The researcher applied the scales for the purpose of analyzing items on (400) elderly employees and retirees aged 60 and older. They were chosen from Baghdad according to the random class sample method. The validity of the construction was also verified by two indicators : the internal consistency and the affirmative factor analysis of the identity style scale, which revealed the existence of three types of identity, and then extracting the exploratory factor analysis of the life review, which showed a general factor. The consistency coefficient of the sub - identity style scale in the reselection method was as follows : The assimitative identity style (0.70), the accommodative identity style (0.72), the balanced identity style (0.71), while the stability coefficient of life review according to Cronbach's Alpha way of the same scales was as follows : The assimitative identity style was (0.75), the accommodative identity style was (0.78), the balanced identity style was (0.77), while the consistency coefficient of life review in the re - test method was (0.82) and Cronbach's Alpha way was (0.85). The researcher then applied the final form of the standards on (400) elderly employees and retirees from several ministries in Baghdad.The research exhibits the following results : 1. The elderly employees and retirees have the assimitative identity style, the accommodative identity style as well as balanced identity style and have a life review as indicated by the search results.2. differences in the identity style according to the demographic variables of the current search.A). There are no differences in the identity style according to sex (male - females(. B) There is a statistically significant difference in the assimitative identity and the accommodative identity style by age. The result showed a function in favor of (81 - 71 (category.C) There is no statistically significant differences in balanced identity style depending on the age variableD) There is a statistically significant difference in the assimitative identity style and the accommodative identity style depending on the variable of the occupational status. The result was in favor of the retired category. - No statistically significant differences in the balanced identity style depending on the occupational status variable. - There are statistically significant differences in the assimitative identity style depending on marital status variable (married - not married, divorced - widower). The result was in favor of the widower category only. - There are statistically significant differences in the accommodative identity style depending on the marital status variable (married - not married - divorced - widower) the result was in favor of (widower and married) category. - No statistically significant differences in balanced identity style depending on the social status variable (married - not - Married - divorced - widower). - No statistically significant differences in the accommodative ,assimitative and balanced identity style according to the academic achievement variable.3. life Review differences where there are no statistically significant differences in life review according to gender, age and occupational status, marital status and educational achievement.4. the statistical processing pointed to a negative i.e. adverse correlation between (the assimitative identity style & accommodative identity style ) in the life review while it showed a positive correlation between ( the balanced identity style and life review by the elderly(. 5. The results of the variance regression analysis show that the assimitative and accommodative identity style contribute adversely to life review. Whereas the balanced identity style contributes positively in the life review. The findings have been interpreted according to the two research theories adopted and the previous studies. The current research presents several recommendations as follows : 1. Activating the role of the psychological and social counseling, especially for the elderly who are always in despair and frustration through the educational programs and teaching them the so - called life skills.2. The social welfare institutions should provide employment opportunities for retirees who have the ability to exercise additional works provided that this work is commensurate with their physical abilities and the stage they are in.The researcher suggested several proposals including : 1. Conducting a similar study of different segments of the identity operations style in the Iraqi society such as the employees in the prime of life, middle - aged business owners, university students, athletes, and university professors. 2. conducting a study of life review with a number of psychological variables such as (life satisfaction - Productivity - the power of the ego - the methods of dealing with life - life management strategy - the search for meaning - and self - esteem).
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خــــداع التحكم وعلاقته بالتفكير الرغبي لدى طلبة الجامعة == Illusion Of Control And Its Relationship To The Wishful Thinking Among University Students

Author name: شيماء صليبي صالح الشمري
Supervisor name: علي تركي نافل القريشي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: خداع التحكم والتفكير الرغبي هما مفهومان رئيسيان في الدراسة الحالية وقد تم تفسير خداع التحكم في ضوء نظرية لانجر ( 1975 ) بانه توقع احتمالية النجاح الشخصي في مجالات الحياة المختلفة والذي يتجاوز الاحتمال الموضوعي للنتيجة، اما مفهوم التفكير الرغبي فقد تم تف | Illusion of control and wishful thinking are the main concepts of the current study. The illusion of control has been explained in the light of the Langer Theory (1975) that he expects the probability of individual success in different life domains which exceeds the subjective probability of the result. While the concept of wishful thinking has been explained based on the cognitive perspective that it is a thinking which compromise thoughts and positive expectations supported by the wish and affected proportionally by it more than its effect on the subjective information to avoid the unpleasant results and to tell the positive results.The aims of the current study : First : measuring the illusion of control of college students. Second : measuring the wishful thinking of college students.Third : knowing the differences in illusion of control based on the variables of Sex and specialty of college students. Fourth : knowing the differences in the wishful thinking based on the variables of Sex and specialty of college students. Fifth : knowing the relation between the illusion of control and the wishful thinking for college students.And to achieve these aims the researcher has built a scale of illusion of control and developing Al - Quraishi scale (2014) to measure the wishful thinking, and then finding out Instrument Validity and Reliability of the scales. The instrument validity have been measured in three ways; face validity, the relation of the item to the total sum, and the factor validity.As for reliability it has been measured in two ways the re - test and Cronbach's Alpha. These two measurements have been applied on a sample college students (400) male and female students randomly chosen from (4) colleges from the University of Baghdad distributed based on the Sex - specialty variablesAfter collecting the data and doing the statistics using the second test for two independent samples, and one sample, and Cronbach's Alpha, Chi Square, Peterson Correlation, two way Anova, and the second test for Indication of correlation coefficients and the factor analysis. The study has reached out the following conclusions : 1. College students demonstrated the illusion of control in a medium degree at the level of (0,05)2. There are no statistically differences in the illusion of control based on sex variable (male - female) at the level of (0,05) and based on the specialty variable (scientific - humanistic) 3. The students enjoy wishful thinking on the level of (0,05)4. There are no statistically differences in wishful thinking for college students based on sex (male - female) and specialty (scientific - humanistic) 5. The correlation between illusion of control and wishful thinking is of statics index i.e. the relation is positive between the two variables, whenever the illusion of control increases the wishful thinking increases as well and vice versa The conclusions above state that there is a strong relation between illusion of control and wishful thinking in what coincides with the theoretical explanation and the results of the studies committed by the researcherIn the light of the conclusions the researcher arrived at some recommendations and suggestions.
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التنظيم الانفعالي المعرفي وتشتت الهوية وعلاقتهما بالاضطراب الانفجاري المتقطع لدى المراهقين == The Cognitive Emotional Regulation And Identity Diffusion And Their Relationship With Intermittent Explosive Disorder For The Adolescents

Author name: عادل خضير عبيس العابدي
Supervisor name: احمد لطيف جاسم
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Psychology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد مرحلة المراهقة من المراحل المهمة والحساسة في حياة الانسان، ذلك لانها تمثل فترة نمو جسمي وعقلي ونفسي واجتماعي، فضلا عن ذلك انها تزخر بالكثير من المشكلات السلوكية والاضطرابات النفسية التي يصاب بها المراهقين، ومن هذه الاضطرابات، الاضطراب الانفجاري المتقط | Adolesance is an important stage in human life , because it represents a period of mental , social and psychological development , but it has behavioral problems and psychological disorders in which adolescents may encount. One of them is intermittent explosive disorder , which is one type of disorders of controlling on behaviour which may be distinguished by the prsense of frequent rapid tantrums of anger , that take aggressive explosive form , and may lead to verbal , bodiely aggressive behaviour or destroy properties of others. This disorder abnormal state which may threat the life of the adolescents and their happiness , so adolescents who suffer from this disorder may expeirnce the worst emotional states , and show numerious energy of anger which might destroy social , professional and family life.Another vairable is concerned in this study ,cognitive emotional regulation , which may be defined as " cognitive processes that help to manage and regulate our emotions and feelings. In addition , to sustaine our emotional controlling and do not involve in high levele of negative emotion " which may be one of the reasons behind intermittent explosive disorder especially. when its levele in too low in adolescents. therfore , disablity in emotional controlling or evaluating emotions cognitively may be related to what the adolescents crises that might face in their journy to form their identities especially , they may encount many difficulties relating to their own values and roles , or to build their phillosophy in life ,and that what we called " Identity diffusion ". The study is aimed at : 1 - Measuring the cognitive emotional regulation in the adolescents.2 - Test individual differences of gendar (males & females ) in the cognitive emotional regulation in the adolescents.3 - Measuring Identity diffusion in the adolescents.4 - Test individual differences of gendar(males & females ) in the Identity diffusion in the adolescents.5 - know the ratio of pravelance of intermittent explosive disorder.6 - Measuring the intermittent explosive disorder in the adolescents.7 - Test individual differences of gendar(males & females ) in the intermittent explosive disorder in the adolescents.8 - Know the relationship between the cognitive emotional regulation and the intermittent explosive disorder.9 - Know the relationship between the Identity diffusion and the intermittent explosive disorder.10 - - The extent to which can the cognitive emotional regulation predect the intermittent explosive disorder.11 - The extent to which can the Identity diffusion predect the intermittent explosive disorder.The sample of the research consiste of (1200) students (males & females ) equally , who were chosen randomly from (12) schools. The researcher adopted (Kranveski s scale) of the cognitive emotional regulation which consiste of (36) items , and acheived the validity of translation and psychometric devices then two items were omitted. The validity coefficient of the scale ( internal consistensy ) was (0.76) and retest was (0.74).The researcher constructed Identity diffusion scale which consist of (35) items ,and acheived psychometric devices ( face and construct validity) that left (23) items. The validity coefficient of the scale ( internal consistensy ) was (0.74) and retest was (0.76).The researcher constructed intermittent explosive disorder scale which consist of (30) items ,and acheived psychometric devices ( face and construct validity) that do not omit any item. The validity coefficient of the scale ( internal consistensy ) was (0.77) and retest was (0.74). The research reached the following findings : 1 - The adolescents have got cognitive emotional regulation.2 - There are significant gendar differences in cognitive emotional regulation for females.3 - The adolescents suffer weak the Identity diffusion.4 - There are significant gendar differences in the Identity diffusion for males.5 - The prevalence of intermittent explosive disorder was (18,6%) of the total sample.6 - The adolescents do not suffer from the intermittent explosive disorder.7 - There are not significant gendar differences in the intermittent explosive disorder.8 - The is no relationship between the cognitive emotional regulation and the intermittent explosive disorder.9 - The is a relationship between the Identity diffusion and the intermittent explosive disorder.10 - The cognitive emotional regulation can not predect of the intermittent explosive disorder.11 - The Identity diffusion can predect of the intermittent explosive disorder.And according to these findings , the researcher made several recomendations and suggestions
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الانفاق القهري وعلاقته بالفراغ الوجودي == Compulsive Buying & Existential Vaccum

Author name: دعاء ناصر بوهان المظفر
Supervisor name: كمال محمد سرحان الخيلاني
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الانفاق القهري احد اهم السلوكيات الحديثة الظهور في المجتمع , فضلا عن كونه الاكثر شيوعا في الوقت الحاضر , وهو ينتج في كثير من الاحيان عن سوء تنظيم الذات نتيجة لتعرض الافراد للضغوط والمشاكل والمشاعر السلبية , من قبيل القلق والاكتئاب وانخفاض احترام الذات
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تاثير برنامج تدريبي باسلوب السلوك الصحي في التخفيف من الانهاك النفسي لدى المدربين الرياضيين

Author name: حسين علي حسون الدجيلي
Supervisor name: وهيب مجيد الكبيسي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد البرامج التدريبية الصحية مطلبا اساسيا ومهما تسعى اكثر دول العالم ومؤسساتها وافرادها الى بلوغه، وتعمل جاهدة على تحقيقه من اجل حياة صحية سليمة خالية من المعوقات، وهي احد المتغيرات التي حظيت باهتمام علماء نفس الصحة للارتقاء بالصحة والعمل على تطوير نظ
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الاحداث الفارقة الزواجية والوجود المشبع وعلاقتهما بالتوقع الزواجي

Author name: وفاء كاظم جبار
Supervisor name: ابراهيم مرتضى ابراهيم الاعرجي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحياة الاجتماعية لا تسير على وتيرة واحدة , فنحن نعيش الواقع ونلاحظ التقلبات الاجتماعية منها الحادة ومنها اقل حدة , وكذلك الاسرة ربما لا تسير ايضا على وتيرة واحدة في الحياة النفسية فهناك تقلبات وانعطافات زواجية تحدث في حياة الزوجين منها ايجابية كانتساب شخ
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استبصار الذات وعلاقته بالشخصية المبدعة لدى طلبة الجامعة == Self Insight And Its Relation With Creative Personality For The University Students

Author name: براء رياض هادي
Supervisor name: سناء عيسى محمد الداغستاني
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان دراسة استبصار الذات لدى الافراد لها اهمية بالغة في بناء شخصية قوية للفرد، وينشا استبصار الذات من النظرة الموضوعية الى الذات اي تحرر الفرد من خداع ذاته وان يمتلك قدرة على ادارة المواقف الجديدة وان يتسم بالمرونة وحب الاستكشاف، وان يكون متمكنا من الاستف | The study of self - insight for the individual has great importance in building a strong personality for the individual. self - insight rises from an objective look to the self that is the individual freed from cheating himself and he has to have an ability to manage new positions and characterized with flexibility and exploration and abe able to benefit from his previous experiments having self - confidence and sensibility toward. self insight comes from high self - awareness in which exist the individual experience that develop.with the passage of time so that self becomes able to face what has happened and to make the right decisions. studies referred that the person who has more openness to experiences and more creative may have high self - insight. thus the creative personality has importance and influence that make person more responsive to the emergent things more wakeful and more sensitive to his environment. because of the influence of self - insight and the creative personality on human behavior and their importance in giving power and perfect ness to the personality and because there is no an Arabic or local instrument to measure self - insight the goals of this research as follows : 1 - Measuring self - insight in its multiple dimensions for college students. 2 - identifying the differences in self - insight? in its multiple dimensions? for college students according to two variables : Gender ?male female? - A specialization ?scientific humanistic? - B 3 - Measuring the creative personality for college students.4 - identifying the differences in creative personality for college students according to two variables : Gender male female - A specialization? scientific humanistic? - B 5 - defining the nature of relationship between self - insight and creative personality. B To achieve these aims a scale of self - insight was developed.after reviewing theoretical frames literature studies and adopting bekker theory 2006 the items analysed by the discriminate power for the items through contrasted graup method and the relationship between the score of one item with the aggregate score of items. the unfit items were excluded and then a factorial analysis was used the scale of self - insight appeared to have three dimensions 1 - The objective look to the self including 28 items.2 - Social sensibility consisting of 7 items.3 - The ability to manage the new positions including 4 items.A scale for self - insight in its final version was prepared containing indicators of face validity and factorial validity while the reliability was obtained by two methods spilt half method and cronbuchs alpha.the reliability coefficient of the first factor was0.83 the second factor0.74and the third factor 0.70 by cronbachs alpha method while in spilt half method the same factors were 0.79 - 0.70 and 0.69 respectively. According to the second variable the creative personality the researcher adopted kaufmans scale after conducting the translation validity and pursuing the required procedures the reliability coefficient was obtained by two methods test - retest 0.80cronbachs alpha 0.88.The following findings attained after analyses of data 1 - The college students have self - insight in its multiple dimensions2 - There were not differences in the objective look to the self between males and females. 3 - The humanistic students are superior to the scientific students in the objective look to the self. 4 - The females were superior to the males in social sensibility t - value amounted 4.005 - There were not differences between humanistic students and scientific students in social sensibility t - value amounted 1.02 6 - The males were superior to the females in the ability to manage the new position t - value amounted 4.15 - The college students characterized with creative personality t—value amounted 17.71 - There were not differences between males and females in creative personality t - value amounted 1.424 C - there were not differences between males and females in creative personality t - value amounted 0.356 - There were not differences between humanistic and scientific students in creative personality t - value amounted 0.47 - 0.32 - 0.22. There was a positive correlation between self - insight in its multiple dimensions and creative personality the value of correlation coefficient amounted ( 0.47 ), (0.32) , ( 0.22 ) respectively. In the light of the above - mentioned findings the researcher concluded several recommendations and suggestions related to the findingsrecommendations1 - through mass media affective programs and sessions parents may be aware of right methods for bringing up their children such methods may affect building a realistic look for them and to make them far away from falsifying the self and to know their real level for example their scientific levels and the nature of their behavior whether it is negative or positive 2 - Connecting the text book materials with a practical function to transform it to an applied experience in which the student participates through networks projects seminars shows conferences and exploratory excursions to cultivate creative thinking for students. suggestions further studies have to be conducted about self - insight in other social sections like judges leaders and athletes
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علاقة بعض الاساليب المعرفية بقدرات التفكير التباعدي

Author name: سامية حسن خزعل
Supervisor name: سلوى ابراهيم عقراوي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: General Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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العنف الجمعي وعلاقته بالتعصب والتسهيل الاجتماعي == Collective Violence Its Relationship With Prejudice , Social Facilitation

Author name: فرحان محمد حمزة
Supervisor name: بثينة منصور الحلو
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: شغل موضوع العنف اهتمام رجال الدين والسياسة وعلماء الحياة (البيولوجيا) وعلماء النفس والاجتماع والقانون , فالعنف ظاهرة مركبة لها جوانبها السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية والنفسية. وهو ظاهرة شمولية عرفتها كل المجتمعات البشرية بدرجات متفاوتة , وبص | Violence has preoccupied theologists , politicians , biologists , Psychologists , Sociologists, and man of law because it is a compound phenomenon which has its political , economic and social, cultural and psychological aspects, Besides, it is a phenomenon known by human societies with different degrees and types and for various and interrelated reasons. It differs according to the variation of societies, cultures and historical stages. It seems that human violence has increased by time, a matter which has given rise to a new science which is called (the science of Violence). A great amount of human history is a record of enmity and conflict among groups because for them it is the easiest method to reach their goals and advantages. Most thinkers and historians agree that human history is a history of violence and its methods were used all over the world along ages. A actually , the fact that violence is timeless, that is inherited by generations along centuries is confirmed. Collective violence represents an important aspect of violence in its social meaning , and arousing such a subject (Collective Violence) is no more than explaining the kind of the relationship between a man a group. The author notices that collective violence appeared due to the assembling of individuals in a society and the means of production.In the Iraqi society , however , collective violence, especially in the universities is a complicated phenomenon which is the result of the reaction and interrelations among a number of factors and variables which show the social crisis in Iraq. In fact it is the result of the abnormal circumstances of the country. Henceforth we can say that what the enemies of Iraq planned was creating a kind of chaos. It is shown that the groups act more violently in comparison with the individuals and perhaps this could be caused by the fact that the members group enhance one another because they behave covalently. One of the factors which arouses collective violence is Prejudice among the individuals, In this way violence becomes an essential factor and not absolute in making such prejudicious situations and if there had been no ability for violence, people's situations. Would have been less strict and more tender, and probably without prejudice. Besides, prejudice instigates man to act violently. So, prejudice is sometimes the result of violence and other times the cause of it. As violence coincided humanity from its beginning humanity knew negative trends and prejudice among individuals , groups and nations, a matter which formed uninterrupted series of clash, misery and misunderstanding among human beings, especially when prejudice becomes a trend in society with its own being , culture and symbol ,a matter vows enormous dangers in the all aspects of life. Other effective factors in the collective violence besides prejudice are situation pressures which lead to behaving against the standers the individuals have that is not to hurt others. These pressures are social facilitation. Because the Iraqi current environment witnesses a racial and religious attraction and noticeable violence with the existence of facilities from various social categories , it is worth studying as the author sees from his personal witnesses and relations with others and what her hears from them. Thus, we can say that this research gains its importance from the three variables it previously dealt with and how they react with each other (collective violence , prejudice and social facilitation) and play an important role in the individual's personality and in the most effective category in the track of events and their development. This category is the university students who are the pillar of future in a critical and historical stage which our society passes by : wars, political , social and economical crisis. The research aims at studying : - 1 - The relationship between collective violence , prejudice and social facilitation. 2 - The contribution of the independent variables (prejudice and social facilitation) to the total contrast of the following variable (collective violence). The research was restricted to the students of Baghdad and AL - Mustansaria universities for all sexes in the four stages of the morning class. To achieve the aims of his study , the researcher built up three measurements to measure up the collective violence , prejudice , and social facilitation - the sample of the construction consisted of 400 students - and after taking out discriminative of its items, Validity (Face Validity) and Reliability (by Retesting and Alpha Cronbach formula), the researcher applied it on a sample of (300) university students choose randomly from eight colleges in Baghdad and AL - Mustansaria universities. Having collected the data and treated them statistically by using t - test for one sample and t - test for tow Independent Sample and pearson correlation coefficient , Alpha Cronbach formula, Multiple Correlation, std - Error, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The research came up with : 1 - there is a positive relationship among the three variables of the research. 2 - the independent variable (prejudice) contributes to the following variable (collective violence) , while the other independent variable (social facilitation) does not contribute to the following variable (collective violence). The author came up with minor results : - the university students have collective violence. - the university students have prejudice. - the university students have social facilitation - there is a difference between male and female in the collective violence for the male. - there is a difference between male and female in prejudice for the male. - there is a difference between male and female in the social facilitation for the female. - there is a positive relationship between collective violence and prejudice. - there is a weak relationship between collective violence and social facilitation. - there is a weak relationship between prejudice and social facilitation.According to these results the author made many suggestions and instructions
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تاثير ثنائية اللغة في الانتباه التنفيذي == The Effect Of Bilingualism On Executive Attention

Author name: حيدر محمد كطان
Supervisor name: انعام لفتة موسى الهنداوي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Attention remain as important issues for scientist at present. For a long time, researchers thought that attention was just one thing, but we know that there are different components of attention. These functions are organized in the brain into ‘attention networks' and at least three such networks have so far been identified orienting, alerting and executive control (including conflict monitoring). Recent research in attention has involved one of important types for attention is including in executive control. Theorist have described it as manger of knowledge and acts as system related with set of mechanisms coordinated in their functions.and it including in theory of self regulation and theory of meta cognitive. Executive Ettention responsible of resolve conflict between information truly. Phenomenon of Bilingualism is considered important characteristic.It is represented ability to deal with two linguistic systems and keeping attention to allow selecting vocabulary for all language with suitable situation. For a long time, bilingualism was discussed in literary of psychology as Phenomenon delays child 's cognitive developmental. but resent research ensuing that children need to what helping them to separation overlap for two languages and control of complexity between their constructs, so that they develop attentional control that allow to do that and it impossible to effect on their flexibility of thinking.The present research was targeting at : 1 - Preparing tool for personification language background for Kindergarten2 - Determining children whom have bilingualism (Arabic - Kurdish). 3 - Preparing tool for measuring executive attention for Kindergarten5 - Comparison of executive attention according to the sex variable (male , female). For the purpose of fulfilling goals of this research , the researcher has prepared scales for measuring executive attention and planning experimental design to be equal experimental groups by age, working memory and receptive vocabulary. After proving their validity and reliability the research has applied it on a sample of (45) children of both sexes. After collecting data and processing same statistically by the use of chi - square for sample , the research arrived to the following results : 1 - Preschoolers are characterized by the capacity in executive attention.2 - Bilinguals has excelled than Monolingual in executive attention. 3 - No different find out between children according to sex available. In the light of this research , the researcher has arrived to numerous recommendations and proposals.
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الحاجات الاساسية وعلاقتها بالوعي السياسي والفاعلية السياسية == Basic Needs And Its Relationship To The Political Awareness And Efficiency

Author name: مديحة نصيف رحيم
Supervisor name: انعام لفتة موسى الهنداوي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحاجات النفسية الاساسية وعلاقتها بالوعي السياسي والفاعلية السياسية لدى افراد الهيئات السياسية للاحزاب المشاركة وغير المشاركة في السلطة هي مضمون هذا البحث وقد وضعت مجموعة من الاهداف تتلخص في قياس المتغيرات الثلاثة ومعرفة العلاقات الارتباطية فيما بينها مع | The basic psychological needs and its relation with the political awareness and political commissions 'political efficiency that are not participated in the power that is considered the main core of this research. I have placed a set of goals summarizing in measuring three variables and knowing the correlation relations among them , together with doing comparisons based on the participation coefficient in the power at the sample 300 individuals of participant and non - participant commissions ' political boards in the power.The current research has reached to the following results : 1. The basic psychological needs existed at the research 's sample with high degree. 2. The political awareness gets deteriorated at the research 's sample. 3. The political efficiency becomes deteriorated at the research 's sample. 4. A. There is a positive correlation relationship between the basic psychological needs and political awareness, and between the basic psychological needs and political efficiency. The positive correlation relationship between the political awareness and political efficiency. B. There are differences in the correlation relationships between the basic psychological needs and political awareness at the executed political boards ' individuals for parties that have not participated in the power. There are not statistic differences in the correlation relationships between the basic psychological needs and political awareness ; There are not statistic differences in the correlation relationships between the political awareness and political efficiency according to the participation variable in the power at the executed political commissions ' individuals. 5. There is correlation relationship between the basic psychological needs , political awareness and political efficiency In the light of the research's results, number of relevant recommendations and suggestions.
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فردية الانفصال وازمة الهوية لدى المراهقين == Separation Individuation And Identity Crisis In Adolescents

Author name: زهراء خضير راشد الساعدي
Supervisor name: بثينة منصور الحلو
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: مرحلة المراهقة مرحلة مهمة لتكوين نمط الحياة لسنوات الحياة المقبلة , فهي مرحلة توتر نفسي فضلا عن كونها مرحلة نمو متشعب , تحدد العديد من المشاكل في هذه المرحلة التي قد يعدها المراهق تحديات لذاته وقدراته , ويكون لوجود الابوين دور اساسي في تعاظمها او التخلص م | Adolescent stage is a very important stage in forming and shaping future life - style; it is a stage where psychological tension is heightened; moreover, it is a stage that is marked by a multi - levelled growth. Many difficulties and problems are identified during this stage, a Adolescent might consider these difficulties as challenges that would test his 'self' and his 'potentials'. Parents might have a very crucial role in either increasing or eliminating these challenges, facilitating at the same time the Adolescent period for their offsprings, making it easy, smooth, and crisis - free. The main process that a Adolescent stage undergoes is separation process, which is characterised by the desire of the Adolescent to be independent in performance and action. The Adolescent's desire to be independent is quite normal; on the contrary, it is one of the manifestations of teenaging merits as well as one of its biggest problems. The perfect outcome that stems from Adolescent separatism process is unique identity formation preserving at the same time the tendency to identify with others. Hence, the process of developing an identity starts when the crisis of identifying existence mixed with anxiety and worrying about what suits him best of principles, beliefs, goals, roles, and social bonds of value and meaning both on social and personal level. The research aims at : 1. Measuring Adolescents' separatism individuality.2. Identifying Adolescents' separatism individuality in two samples (12 - 15) years old and (16 - 19) years old.3. Measuring identity crisis found in Adolescents. 4. Identifying identity crisis found in Adolescents in two samples the (12 - 15) year old sample and the (16 - 19) year old sample. 5. Finding a connection between separatism individuality and identity crisis in Adolescents.In an attempt to realise the ultimate goal of the research, the research constructed a scale for both variables separatism individuality and identity crisis, measuring their validity and the distinctive features of the items.The reliability factor of the separation individuality scale according to the method of retest is 0.90 and 0.84 according to Alpha Crunbach. The reliability factor of identity crisis scale according to the retest method is 0.97 and 0.80 according to Alpha Crunbach; they were applied afterwards to a sample of (300) fe/male Adolescents who were selected randomly from different schools of Baghdad. After processing the data statically by the statistic pouch SPSS, the researcher has come up with the following findings : 1. The sample does not show any separation individuality case.2. There are no statistic differences between the two samples, the (12 - 15) year - old sample and the (16 - 19) year - old sample.3. The sample shows identity crisis.4. There are no statistic differences between the two samples, the (12 - 15) year - old sample and the (16 - 19) year - old sample.5. There is a statistic connection between the two variables : separation individuality and identity crisis.A number of recommendations and suggestions for further future research are proposed according to these findings
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الحاجات الروحية وعلاقتها بالامل لدى المعاقين من ضحايا الارهاب == Spiritual Needs And Their Relation To Hope Among Disabled Victims Of Terrorism

Author name: رنا فليح عبيس الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: عبد الحليم رحيم علي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لشخصية الانسان جوانب (مادية) تتمثل في تركيبه العضوي، و(روحية) تتمثل بنشاطه الفكري، والعقلي، والعلاقة وثيقة بين هذين الجانبين اذ يؤثر احدهما في الاخر، ولابد من التوازن بينهما بحسب ما اكدته الدراسات المتخصصة، ولهذين الجانبين حاجات مادية، وروحية، والاخيرة | Every human being has physical aspects, like his organic structure, and spiritual ones, like thinking activities, and the relation between them is so extensive and each one affects the other. There should be a balance between physical and spiritual needs, as approved by experimental research, and the latter can include the individual's needs for peace and secured life. The Iraqi society has been suffering from black terrorism since 2003, and a group of people has suffered from terroristic attacks making them disabled victims affecting negatively their psychological health and state, and increasing feelings of restlessness, anxiety, hopelessness and negative passions accompany their life. It is because of this, the need for the present study arises. The study is based on the importance of psychological needs and their role in the psychological improvement of disabled people, as they have a positive impact on individual's psychological state like happiness and hope. The study aims at identifying spiritual needs and the role of hope for disabled victims of terroristic acts. It identifies the spiritual needs and hope in relation to the variables of gender, age and disability level. It also identifies the relationship between spiritual needs and hope, and the parameters of spiritual needs like content, peace, and sublimation, and their role in hope prediction. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher has adopted Bosnik's theory of spiritual needs (2010) and Lazaros's theory of hope (1999). The sample of the present study comprises of 269, aged between (18 - 80) years old, divided into males (165) and females (104), and disability average ranging between (60 - 100 %), during 2003 - 2016. The researcher has designed an instrument of spiritual needs and hope, and the data are analyzed through the use of t - test, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and linear regression of the SPSS package. Validity and reliability are investigated and approved. Results reveal that : 1. An increase in fulfilling the spiritual needs of the research sample. It is calculated as (45.5) which is higher than the tabulated value amounted to (1.96). 2. The sample of this research is optimistic. The calculated t - test value is read as (16.4) which is higher than the tabulated value amounted to (1.96).3. There are significant statistical differences in favor of spiritual needs in relation to age. The calculated f - value is (4.63) which is higher than the tabulated value amounted to (3.84). Concerning the variable of gender and the disability average, there is no significant statistical difference. Also, no significant difference between hope and the variables of gender, age and average of disability is found. 4. There is a positive relationship between spiritual needs and hope for the study sample. The research has been concluded with a number of recommendations. It is necessary to activate the role of psychological counseling in rehabilitation centers for disabled people to satisfy their spiritual needs. Besides, ministries in charge are responsible for hiring psychological counselors to deal with disabled people to raise their spirits and support them psychologically. The researcher has suggested a similar study but on different samples from the Iraqi society like normal people or people with cancer. Also, a study on the relation between spiritual needs and psychological health, life satisfaction, psychological flexibility, positive thinking, optimism and happiness can be conducted.
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الاسلوب المعرفي (اللفظي - البصري) وعلاقته بالتفضيل الجمالي لدى طلبة الجامعة == The (Verbal - Visual) Cognitive Style And Its Relationship With Aesthetic Preference For The University Students

Author name: نغم شريف غافل
Supervisor name: وهيب مجيد الكبيسي
General topic: Psychology
Specific topic: Psychology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Psychology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الاساليب المعرفية وان كانت بوجه عام تقوم بدور كبير في تنظيم العمليات العقلية المعرفية العليا، فان الاسلوب المعرفي (اللفظي - البصري ) يمثل احد الاساليب المعرفية البارزة في دراسة الفروق الفردية للاشخاص في تحليلهم للمعلومات وخزنهم لها واستدعائهم لها في م | The Cognitive Styles which in general property plays a great role in organization the higher cognitive mental operations, the cognitive styles (Verbal - Visual) acts as a one of noticeable cognitive styles in study the individual differences for people in
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اتجاهات عمل المراة المتعلمة في المجتمع العراقي المعاصر : دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == Educated Women'S Trends In Current Iraqi Society : A Field Social Study In Baghdad

Author name: هديل عبد الوهاب احمد
Supervisor name: سلام عبد علي مهوس العبادي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اذا ما اردنا النهوض باي مجتمع لابد من اعطاء المراة مكانتها الحقيقية ولاسيما في مجال عملها وسبل اختيارها وتعزيز اتجاهاتها نحو العمل الذي ترمي الحصول عليه، لكن في بلد العراق ونتيجة للتغيرات التي مر بها عبر عقود من الازمات والحروب القت بظلالها على المراة يتو | Among conditions of any society's progress is to give women their real role, particularly in the field of work, choice and enhancing trends of work women seek to get. In a country like Iraq, as a result of changes it witnessed through decades of crises and wars, which affected women, there should be a revision to general policy concerning educated women , diversify choices for work, whether state employees or in the private sector, and raise barriers, whether cultural or social, between a woman and choosing a certain job. Thus, and to find out this subject, the researcher chose such a study which aims at finding the role an educated women may play through domains of work. A group of concepts and terms which give more clarifications concerning the study were discussed in chapter one. Chapter two discusses a group of studies that facilitated for the researcher the making of use of the expertise of researchers in the present study. Chapter three studies the challenges and self achieving policies for educated women, through a historical review of the subject and types of challenges, social and cultural. Chapter four focuses on the factors that influence the trends and their jobs formation. The second part of the study; the field study, included in chapter five, which is comprised of the study's methodology and field measures among which are methods and tools. The researcher, in this chapter, also dealt with fields of the study, such as human factor, in which a sample of 300 female workers were investigated, the spatial factor, which is the city of Baghdad, and temporal factor which is the period from 1/10/2015 to 15/9/2016. The researcher made use of statistical means (percentage, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation and Cramer Correlation factor). The researcher arrived at several outcomes, among which is that no progress or development could be achieved for Iraqi society unless women effectively participate; the success of women reflects state's policies towards women.
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الامن البيئي في العراق - اشكالية الانصاف والاستدامة : دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == The Environmental Security In Iraq - The Problem Of Equity And Sustainability A Sociological Field Study In Baghdad

Author name: كمال محمد صديق امين الجباري
Supervisor name: فهيمة كريم رزيج المشهداني
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ازدادت في عصرنا الحالي المخاطر البيئية التي اختلفت اشكالها وتعددت مصادرها واسبابها لتصل الى مستويات متقدمة شكلت تهديدا كلف البيئة كثيرا من الاضرار التي الحقت بالمجتمعات العديد من الازمات والتداعيات الاجتماعية. وادى التدهور البيئي الى تقويض حركة التنم | In the present time, the environmental dangers that have different forms and various sources and causes have increased to reach grave extents representing a threat which did a lot of damage to the environment causing the societies social crises and complications. The environmental deterioration undermined the sustainable development process and hindered the developmental projects which negatively affected the societies’ progress. Most countries have put many legislations that contribute in reaching a good level of making programs and techniques through which the requirements of the environmental security and protection of the natural resources from consumption and destruction could be achieved. The environmental security has become an important requirement for the life of the developed nations and an essential base for continuation of life in a balanced and rational way. Continuous efforts and international coordination are needed to achieve this goal in order to build the human life, society, and preserve livable environment because it is a possession of this generation and next generations, and it is a requirement to achieve sustainable development which requires preserving the natural resources and properly managing them to serve the development itself and to reduce the poverty levels, because the poor are the most dependent on the natural environment to meet their basic daily needs and they, at the same time, are the ones who cause damage to the environmental elements. The goal of the current study is that it serves as an informational addition to the fields of development and environment sociology and the professional practice of the social service in the filed of environment protection. It is also an attempt to reach some applicable techniques to prevent the environmental dangers due to the lack of the futuristic dimension in dealing with the national environment resources. Some of the study results are mentioned below : The environmental problems caused by the wars and the armed conflicts are considered sources of threat to the national environmental security in addition to the absence of the principles of equity and sustainability among generations. The environmental planning weakness and not integrating the environmental considerations in the social and developmental policies of the productive and service sectors contribute in creating future environmental problems. The trespasses that happen upon the environment are due to the weakness in applying the environmental laws with the inability of the service and legislative institutions to do their duties properly. The threat sources have social, health and economical complications on the present and future generations and they warn of dangers.
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سلوك التنمر لدى طلبة الدراسة الاعدادية بناء وتطبيق == Among Junior High School Students Building And Application

Author name: فراس ناجي رزوقي
Supervisor name: طالب عبد سالم الربيعي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study begins by identifying the research problem, ending publication of the findings of the researcher, the longer the bullying of serious social problems behavior in the modern era for being psychologically affected, and socially, and economically, in both the individual and society, according to their home areas, in developed or developing countries and for both sexes. Which stimulate the researcher to study the behavior of bullying being indicates a serious problem more than other behaviors, so many adults feel that bullying behavior affects their lives even during adulthood, and through talking with some teachers and those interested in the educational process, it became clear that the behavior of bullying may overshoot students scope with each other and began heading toward teachers, which portends a great danger threatens the educational process in particular and society in general. And despite the fact that parents have begun introducing their children to private schools for fear of being subjected to bullying behavior or other hazards, they overlooked that the human being since childhood has an innate drive toward the establishment of an effective social relationships with its surroundings. The importance of the study of the behavior of bullying among junior high school students stems from the elementary student behavior with other students. If this behavior did not take to diminish and disappear in the advanced student stages, this indicates the presence of danger, lies the risk behavior of bullying in that behavior leads to clash with others, it is does not recognize the wishes of others and their rights, so this behavior demonstrates the poor adapt to different social situations. So we had to raise attention to this behavior, which is no longer just talk transient we are hearing on the street and enough is enough, and even reached the contagion to our educational institutions. The aim of the study (bullying behavior among junior high school students) (construction and application) is : 1 - knowledge of bullying behavior in the research sample2 - knowledge of bullying behavior in the sample according to the variables of sex and age.3 - knowledge of the behavior of bullying according to the areas of bullying. The study relied on social survey methodology, as well as the use of multiple statistical methods as factories Pearson correlation, and Chi - square, and the equation Alvakronbach, testing Altaia T - Test, and analysis of variance duo, the coefficient Hevah.To achieve the goals The study was divided into two sections : the first section theoretical framework for the study, and included two chapters, while the second section titled Field frame of the study included two classes, as follows : The first Door : Chapter One : The first topic was the definition included the study, having a problem with the study and its importance and its objectives, and the second section to identify the most prominent scientific concepts and terminology.The second chapter : This chapter included three topics : First topic touched on some of the theories that interpret the behavior of bullying and observations were taken on each theory. As the second section contains a review of some of the previous studies on the subject of bullying behavior and then discuss these studies showSynergies and differences between them and the current study. While the third section of the same chapter included the reasons that help the emergence of bullying behavior.Part II : Chapter III has included two sections : The first section includes the most important procedures of the study carried out by the researcher in terms of selecting the approach taken in, and identify areas of study and the study population and size.He gave the second topic on the study tool and procedures validated and the final application of the measure and determine the statistical methods used by the researcher.The fourth chapter : The three topics : Eating the first part, a presentation of the results of the current study, according to the specific goals set, and then discuss and explain these findings the study of reverence Blur and questioning Arqam that emerged from the study.While the second section included general directives to curb bullying behavior.The third section came to be crowned with the study and giving it aesthetic and sparkle that you need any study to be incomplete aspects of the Chiefs, has been included on the conclusions reached by the researcher through the presentation of the study results and their interpretation, and also contained the recommendations adopted by the researcher to curb the behavior of bullying, and then put proposals that could be studies to other aspects of the challenge of bullying behavior.The field side in this study sample included the original core of the community for the students of junior high school's 421 students are divided on the (12) schools and collected data through a social survey method.The results indicated that the field to sample the current study, members of the junior high school students have an average bully behavior in general. And that the study sample of male members and within the age group (18 and 20 years) have high bullying behavior than their peers in the age group that is the lowest (16 and 17) years. It matched the result on the variable according to the sex of females with the result reached by the study of the behavior of males in the age groups of bullying themselves. In the areas of school bullying measure cyberbullying came first prize, and bullying on the property in second place, while the third place was occupied by verbal bullying, and fourth place was a physical bully, while the fifth and final rank was sexual bully
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الصورة الثقافية والاجتماعية عن المسلمين في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية : دراسة ميدانية == Cultural And Social Image Of Muslims In The United States Of America

Author name: علي تعبان جبار عبد الله الانصاري
Supervisor name: نبيل نعمان اسماعيل التكريتي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The cultural and social stereotypes of Muslims that exist in American society are the subject of the current study. The assumption is that stereotypes exist, but this assumption needs to be tested scientifically.In order to test this assumption, we chose survey the non - Muslim community in order to learn about the views and opinions American non - Muslims regarding their opinions and stereotypes of the American Muslim community. We chose to use university students for our sample, and ask them questions about the Muslim stereotype, the extent of its presence in society, and misconceptions about the Islamic religion itself. University students have their own experiences of the exploration of the conditions of the society in which they belong, make up the vanguard of the conscious practitioner community, and have the ability to provide a clear picture of the situation of the community and its manifestations. Portland State University was chosen as the setting for the survey, and Portland University students were asked the dimensions of the stereotype (cultural and social) for Muslims in the society through their experience, and also asked about the social and cultural life through the format of the questions investigating the phenomenon of stereotyping Muslims in different dimensions and manifestations. The sample was a convenience sample, carried out from September 15, 2015 through the end of November, 2015. The sample also included some university graduates in order to get a greater age distribution. The number of sample participants was 1019 (390 male, 622 female,and 7 who did not disclose their gender), with ages ranging from 19 to 75 years of age.The largest segment (76.5% of the sample) was in the 21 - 30 age group. A questionnaire containing 44 questions was administered to the sample participants. This survey was divided into nine themes : characteristics of the study sample, cultural image of Muslims, social image of Muslims, knowledge of Muslims and the Islamic religion, the role of religion in the lives of American citizens, Islamophobia, religious bias, discrimination against American Muslims, and media bias. The world is going through a critical stage in terms of growing acts of terrorism and violence, and many of these terrorists claim to represent Islam and Muslims. Many non - Muslims in the United States may believe these claims. Hence it becomes important to work on the cultural and social image of Islam and American Muslims in order to promote the positive aspects and work to correct the negative opinions and stereotypes. The survey showed the participants felt they had a lack of knowledge about Muslims and the Islamic religion. Correcting this lack should help to improve the image of Muslims as held by American non - Muslims. Types of activities and events that help to strengthen the dialog between Muslim and non - Muslim cultures should help both groups to become more knowledgeable and accepting of each other. Through events, activities, and other types of public relations, American Muslim leaders can try to build bridges to other American cultures, emphasize the peacefulness of mainstream Islam, and stress cultural similarities in order to try to lessen negative stereotypes encourages by organizations such as certain facets of the American media and certain political parties and philosophies.
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ثقافة تنظيم النسل والمعايير الاجتماعية : دراسة انثروبولوجية في مدينة بغداد وبعض المناطق الريفية المجاورة لها == The Culture Of Breed Organization And Social Standards An Anthropological Study In The City Of Baghdad And Its Adjacent Rural Areas

Author name: ميادة حيدر رشيد
Supervisor name: ذكرى عبد المنعم ابراهيم
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ادت المتغيرات الثقافية، والاجتماعية، والاقتصادية في المجتمع العراقي بمنتصف السبعينات من القرن الماضي الى اهتمام الاسر العراقية لاسيما اهالي مدينة بغداد لتطبيق مسالة تنظيم النسل بعيدا عن الوسائل المحرمة كالاجهاض والتعقيم وغيرها وان كانوا يعيشون في بيت | The cultural, social, and economic changes that occurred in the mid - 1970s Iraqi society, intensified the awareness of the Iraqi families, especially those in Baghdad, of the necessity of the organization of breed, instead of residing to forbidden methods like abortion and sterilization, etc, even if they lived in the house of the great family, organization of breed has become a religious and secular bliss for most of the families that followed it. Taking into consideration the substantial changes in the married couple's convictions about breeding organization, because the many pressures encountered by the families, which stem from many main factors grasped by the individuals of the society, one of which is that breed organization does not clash with religion based on the fact that urban life - style is validating this view, whereas in rural areas, such an idea is bound to follow certain tribal and social convictions. Not excluding, surely, that some responded, lived by, and endeavored to apply breed organization, since the current prevailing life - style necessitates taking into consideration breed organization in present time, due to cultural, social, and economic backwardness, which generally enveloped the Iraqi society. The study at hand presents a thorough analysis and clarification of breed organization orientation through detecting the cultural systems of two different societies : the urban society represented by Zayyuna in Baghdad, and the rural society which entourage Baghdad city like Al Sredat village. The researcher has followed the functional approach and the comparative approach in her present study. And the tools of the study were observation, interviews, and reporters through apparent changes were detected in these societies. The conclusion has come up with the findings : 1.The influence of family awareness in maintaining familial stability, since urban families in our society are pioneered the application of breed organization, becoming a necessity after it was a mere idea or conduct keeping up the pace of changes that characterized all social strata in present time. 2.The domination of cultural criteria and values, which take into consideration the size of the family as the families in rural areas which form family units, since (the social values structure) which include : customs, traditions, social codes, cultural beliefs, religion, which refer to the importance and value of breeding
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الارتداد الثقافي والبنية الاسرية : دراسة انثروبولوجية == Cultural Rebound And Family Structure Anthropological Study

Author name: عباس مجبل دليان
Supervisor name: عبد الواحد مشعل عبد
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: عالجت الدراسة موضوعا حيويا يتصل بالاتصال الثقافي للتغيير السياسي، والاقتصادي، والناحية الدينية، والنفسية على بنية الاسرة العراقية بعد سنة (2003)، وبرزت اهمية الدراسة في الظروف التي يعيشها المجتمع العراقي في المرحلة الحالية، اذ تمكنت من الاعتماد على نظري | The study discusses a vital issue concerning post 2003 Iraqi family structure's cultural communication of political and economic change, religious and psychological fields. The importance of the study lies in the conditions Iraqi society faces currently. It relied upon basic theories of cultural anthropology, such as functionalism and conflict trend, probing studies discussing cultural regression on the structure of the family as a result of all and where. The study adopted functional method and the study tools such as observation through participation, deep scale interview, and informative persons. It concluded some important results with relation to the impact of the political, economic, religious, psychological and social variables on the structure of Iraqi family within its cultural dimension, particularly that relates to social values, traditions and habits, as well as that relates to the political variable and its impact on the foundation of a new political regime built on sharing and the regression of culture on the structure of Iraqi family. Moreover it studies the impact of cultural variable and the transition of the country from a philosophy of socialist system to the capitalism system and the absence of national industrial and agricultural product and its current negative effect on the structure of the national economy, and ultimately on the structure of the family which dealt with the open market technological products.This confounded social relationships and had great impact and regression on the family's social values. Therefore individual values became prominent over collective values that were previously dominant in the family build up. The study found out that religious trend deviated from functional system and religious parties towards political dimension, which had impact on the structure of the family. Moreover, the study found out that cultural regression emerged as a result of psychological factors and the psychological tension on the individuals of the society due to a group of factors, such as basic services deficiency, absence of security and stability resulting from conflicts, terrorism and extremism in the absence of law, and the emergence of social group dominating thesociety, such as tribe and sect. the citizen, as a result of all that, resorted to social norms instead of law. All that led to cultural regression on the
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الزمن في انماط الثقافة العراقية : دراسة في الانثروبولوجيا المعرفية

Author name: سوزان سالم داود المندلاوي
Supervisor name: حسين فاضل سلمان
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد النمط الثقافي محور الدراسات الانثروبولوجية، والمرتكز الاساس لجمع المعطيات، ولكي يستطيع اي باحث ان يتوصل الى نصوص معرفية تجسد ثقافة المجتمع العراقي ومفهومه للزمن في تعاملاته الحياتية، كان على الباحثة ان تعي وتفرز الجزئيات الزمنية في النمط الشمولي،
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الابادة الجماعية في العراق : دراسة اجتماعية == Genocide In Iraq : Social Study

Author name: سعد عبد الحسين دواي سعد
Supervisor name: لاهاي عبد الحسين الدعمي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: We conclude from what has been stated to define the concept of genocide and how it developed and approved in the agreement which was known by the agreement of preventing genocide and punishment of the doers, illustrating to us the great importance of this concept which occupied the international community for a long time in order to criminalize such actions to eliminate the other based on nationality, ethnicity, race or religion , so in order to limit these violations that affects the human rights and develops the spirit of racism and ethnical , national and religious bias. This concept has been explained and the most contributions in this regard in order to put the theoretical part on reality and how the genocide happened in Iraq suits the concept approved by the United Nations and enforced it. In order to impart the status of international crimes and genocide on the repression and murder, deportation and other methods of marginalization against Shiites in Iraq, This is a bitter reality lived by the Iraqi society and was designed by the ruling power at that time to kill pluralism and unloading Iraq from the important and biggest sector the Shiites, or at least eliminate them from the important positions in the country unless declares loyalty to the unfair dictatorship in ruling Iraq and represented by the Baath and its men. The crime of genocide committed in southern Iraq in the nineties of the twentieth century are unprecedented crimes, and by the fact that the political system is the one who committed this crime against the Iraqi people in the south on sectarian basis politically motivated, the genocide differs from any other crime committed against humanity, because this crime involves the intent to annihilate a certain group of people in whole or in part, so this crime when committed at any time or place is directed against the whole humanity and against its principles and values, and as stated in the General Assembly decision of the 1946 ( the genocide is the denial of the right of entire groups of human beings in existence just as murder is the denial of the right of individuals of people in life, thus the international charters and laws that prevent and punish for this crime is considered a clear progress in the international community, but this is not without its weaknesses as the Convention, which stipulates on preventing genocide and punishing the perpetrators, left the punishment of the defendants to the courts of the country which committed genocide in its territory, or the international Criminal Court, and that means not to give the right of every country to arrest the perpetrators and trial them, the thing which leads to impunity if they seek refuge to a country that is not a member in the Convention in addition neglecting the genocides in countries outside this Convention, as is the case in Iraq when the authority committed many crimes that can be considered as genocide, according to the Convention and international laws. The study refers to actions taken place which are considered genocide actions against a group and another sector differs in beliefs and ideology from the ideology of the ruling authority. These actions are considered prohibited based on the international criminal law and the laws related to Human Rights. The effects of these actions appeared after 2003 as the when the mass graves appeared and the secret documents were disclosed stating the orders to execute and the eliminate thousands of Shiites in the middle and southern parts of Iraq. All these are among the documents, facts and information collected by the researcher from the families of the victims. In the method of oral history we can say that the crimes committed by the authority and political system in the nineties of the twentieth century against the southern people are genocide crimes based on the agreement of preventing genocide.
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صراع السلطة داخل الاسرة العراقية : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة الكوت == Power Struggle Inside The Iraqi Family Empirical Study In Kut City, Of Wasit Provence

Author name: مريم علي ثابت جبار الحسيني
Supervisor name: فجر جودة علوان
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الاسرة من اهم الجماعات الانسانية التي يرجع اهتمام الفلاسفة والمفكرين والباحثين بمختلف شؤونها واحوالها لعصور موغلة في القدم، وذلك لاهمية هذه الوحدة الانسانية، وعظم تاثيرها في حياة الفرد والجماعة، وسلامة بنيان المجتمع، فهي الوحدة البنائية الاساسية التي | Family is the most important unit of human society. For that reason, many philosophers, thinkers and researchers pay extra attention over time to study its construction, function, problems and effects on its members.When the family is, stable, coherent, smooth and functional, the whole society will be straight forward, on the other hand, many thinkers and researchers believe that problems of modern societies, started as a result of family disorder, which leads to value contradiction and dysfunction.It seems to be natural that the family faces many problems especially in the new nuclear families, as both part of the family (male and female) came from different socio - economic backgrounds, and each of them try to assess the power of the other in order to control each other or having the upper hand over the partner. The power struggle may take place not only because of the desirability of control, but also as a result of daily life pressures through general communications with the milieu of work, friendship and reference groups.The religious background, the family income, education and type of family they live in, may all contributed to create unforeseen problems and effect each member of the family. Beside this, the type of socialisation the partners may have had during their childhood may have a significant affect, as some families raised their children in smooth, and democratic way while others raise them in patriarchal or authoritarian way. Each way of socialisation plays fundamental role in the family stability and functionality. Levels of educational differences like the socialisation differences could have significant effects on the relationship between partners, for instance someone hold a PhD degree, may find it very harsh to live with a partner that can hardly read or write, there would be no common ground to share, they may think in different perspectives, looking to their life from different angles, and that may make their life hell. Nevertheless, if the family faces fundamental obstacles to carry on its life, which is, as we said earlier, seems to be natural, it should have some sharing values that enables its members to coordinate, cooperate and integrate in many ways. Despite all that and from the heart of the problems and the harmony, the family should have the basis for continuity and progress. Thus, in so far, thinkers and researchers can not imagine utopian family void of problems, for that reason “Angles” proclaimed that there is no human family on earth void of problems, and even if it happened it would be temporary and soon will be back to normal. The problems do not necessary undermine the family function or construction unless the problems takes a chronic conflict that could undermine the relationship and poison the normal intimate relations among partners.The current study proved empirically, that the power sharing with in the family could significantly help the stabilization of the family. Although the power sharing depends on the partner’s awareness, the type of family, its income, kinship relations, and the degree of urbanization and industrialization. This study also proved that the entrance of women to the labour market, provide women with additional leverage to fight for their status; the income she gained and the contribution to the family expenses with the new roles she did outside the family domain, gave her extra power inside the family, but such power remained limited because it collides with the traditional value system who provided men with the ultimate power. Accordingly, women still do the same traditional activities despite the power gained, such as cleaning, cooking, rearing children and looking after males in the family (husband, father, brother etc.).Iraqi women, after all, gain some power but they have no confidence to revel this over the social play, in order to have full power.
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ثقافة التجميل في المجتمع العراقي : دراسة انثروبولوجية في منطقتي الجادرية والمنصور

Author name: جنان علي عبد
Supervisor name: ذكرى عبد المنعم ابراهيم
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Cultural Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد موضوع ثقافة التجميل في المجتمع العراقي في المرحلة الحالية من المواضيع التي استحوذت على اهتمام العلوم الاجتماعية، ولاسيما علم الاجتماع وعلم النفس والانثروبولوجيا، في مجتمعات اخرى، لاسيما عندما يتعدى معناه المادي ليكون جزءا لا يتجزا من سلوك واهتمام ال | Cosmetology currently is among subjects that attracted interest of social sciences : particularly sociology, psychology and anthropology, especially when it exceeds its material meaning to become a part of human conduct and interest. In this sense, the interest of anthropology in the study of cosmetology as a culture, in other words acquired habits and methods, is due to the fact that it became a conduct within human society.The study of the culture of cosmetology in Iraqi society is no exception.Therefore two regions in Baghdad ,namely Jadiriya and Mansour, in which beauty shops widely spread, were chosen. The study aims at finding out images of beauty and its cultural symbolism for Iraqi human, especially the means of beautification, sich as (tattoo), wearing golden ornaments, perforating ears or noses, etc. The study also discusses cultural changes with which modern life is characterized, such as advancement in technology and communication which bridge the distances among peoples, terminating barriers among parts of earth , the matter that made it possible to exchange cultures. Therefore, human's characters and thoughts have changed , modernization became a feature of modern age, means of beautification and senses of beauty have changed in accordance with new cultural influences. Iraqi society has been changed , new ideas arrived, and cosmetology culture is spread. Youth have many new concepts delivered through modern means of communication which became more active when internet is easily accessed by any Iraqi individual.The study adopted some methods, which are descriptive, epistemic, comparative and social survey through smple. Tools of the study were observing through participation , meeting , informers and questionnaire. The study arrived at the following conclusions,1 - Iraq's openness towards world post 2003 and the cultural exchange have direct impact on the thoughts of Iraqi individuals, making them more open to change and admit modern cosmetology means. This made cosmetology occupies a part in the thought and conduct of individuals of Iraqi society.2 - The access to different means of communication led to the spread of beauty shops in Baghdad regions, particularly the ones which are luxurious regions.3 - Youth are most categories which respond to modern means of beautification after the decline of traditional means of beautification.4 - The economical profitable change and the influence of advertisements were among the basic factors behind the spread of beauty shops, which led more people to visit them. This indicates a formation of a culture of cosmetology in the Iraqi society.
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التطرف في الثقافة العراقية : دراسة انثروبولوجية في منطقة بغداد الجديدة == Extremism In Iraqi Culture : An Anthropological Study In Baghdad Al Jadeedah District

Author name: ايوب نوري صبيح ابو رغيف
Supervisor name: احمد عبد الرضا محمد الحسني
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد التطرف من الموضوعات الشائكة والمعقدة التي تحتوي الكثير من الجدل والنقاش وتحديدا فيما يتعلق بمفهومه والمعيار الذي يعتمد في تحديد دلالاته فالذي يراه البعض تطرفا يختلف معه الاخر في ذلك وهذا الاختلاف نابع من الاعتقاد والتصور لكل منهما للمفهوم ذاته، وعل | Extremism is one of the controversial and complicated issues particularly arising from its concepts and the standards followed in defining it, since what some consider extreme is controversial to some others; this difference arise from their conceptualization and understanding of the concept itself. However, the general and common definition of the concept is that it is the inclination to take an opinion or action to the extremes. This formed the germ of the study with all its dialectics which are : the Iraqi culture is formed of variable orientations, practices, and extreme ideas about the other. I sought the solution practically by personal examination of one of Baghdad districts carrying all the questions the most important of which is "What is extremism?", "What do people say about it?", "How do they practice it?" , and "What are the social and cultural changes that contributed to motivating and shaping extremism and its manifestations?".The study aims at uncovering the roots, manifestations, and forms of extremism in the Iraqi culture utilizing different tools, approaches, and scientific techniques in the field work of the anthropological research. The study followed the erudite approach or the (auto - conceptualization), believing that it comprehends and collects the tools and techniques of all other approaches. The study includes three main perspectives : the religious, political, and social perspective, resulting in a group of recommendations and findings : 1 - The Iraqi culture is stifled, restrained, and imposing its own beliefs directly or indirectly; it is dialectic and argumentative to a great extent stemming from deeply rooted in still unresolved historical matters, which are manifested as religious, political, and social practices which were solidified in this culture to dominate it. 2 - Extremism is of positive and negative implications. The positive enforces the sense of togetherness within the extremist groups strengthening bonds among them. The negative side is shown in the conflicts and disputes with the "other".The research recommends the following : 1 - The necessity of focusing on the culture of communication and keeping away from classical techniques. Using modern techniques like holding conferences and seminars will help raise the awareness of people. 2 - Religious institutions should practices its power in directing people's awareness. They must issue clear instructions (Fatawa) condemning the practices that are forbidden by religion.
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دور المرجعية الدينية في الحراك الاجتماعي : دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية == The Role Of The Religious Authority In The Social Mobility : A Social Field Study

Author name: احمد خضير حسين عيال
Supervisor name: لاهاي عبد الحسين الدعمي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة معرفة دور المرجعية الدينية في الحراك الاجتماعي داخل المجتمع العراقي والاليات او التوجهات التي استخدمتها لاحداث الحراك الاجتماعي, فضلا عن اوجه التاثير لاحداث الحراك الاجتماعي على الصعيد السياسي والاقتصادي والقيمي, ومدى فاعلية المرجعية ال | The study aims at identifying the role of the re1jgYou$'~. ority in th~ soc~al mobil.ity within ~he Iraqi society. and t~~ - ~~trams/s or onentat10ns that 1t used to brmg about the social mob1ht - yftas, ~f; - l ~s the effects to produce the socialmobilityat the political, economic and moral levels, in addition to the effectiveness of the religious authority in dealing with the political, economic and social issues in the Iraqi society. Thus, the stu.dy is trying to answer a number of questions, the most important of ; which are : How did the religious authority contribute to the reinforcement and support of the political participation? Has it influenced the direction and management of social conditions? How effective is its influence in presenting social, political and economic issues in the Iraqi society? The current study obtains its scientific and social importance through the role played by the religious authority in the social mobility within the Iraqi society in an attempt to change the reality or contribute to it with its intellectual orientations which in tum contributed to being the main actor in changing the events. This study also acquires importancedue to the fact that the religious authority is an important religious institution whose significance is represented by the foreign migration to it, either for therequest for knowledge, livelihood or blessing, and this migration has benefits in the religious,cultural and social arena. The theories of Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Pitirim Sorokin represented an illustrative conceptual framework for the study. It also aims to identify the effectiveness of religious authority in dealing with political, social and economic issues in the Iraqi society.The current study is a field study in which the social survey method was used to achieve the study objectives and answer its questions. The study reached a number of results the most important of which are as follows : 1 - Elections are one of the main points in the religious authority's project being the only reference that determines the fate of the Iraqi people and the fate of those who have the right to receive power and administer the country. Thus the religious authority favored a democracy based on the direct popular voting, asserting that it is the best way to remove the occupation, let alone its clear expression that Iraq's governance is not by a national or sectarian majority rather by a political majority formed by the elections.2 - The religious authority was keen to write a worldly permanent constitution for Iraq, that is to say, it is enacted through a peopleelected body, under which the parliamentary elections were held on '15 December 2005, which brought about thecurrent parliament.3 - The role of the religious authority in Najafemerges in the times of crises and major historical transformations, so it plays the role of the guide, director and advisor.4 - Although the role of the religious authority was honorable in saving the Iraqi blood and fighting the sectarian strife, yet there was a lack of awareness among some segments of the Iraqi society, and this was clear when some did not commit themselves to thedirectives of the supreme religious authority. 5 - The religious authority plays a major role in preserving the unity of the social fabric and promoting the values of love, social cohesion and cohesion among the various segments of the Iraqi society.6 - The interest of the religious authority in the educational sectors reflects the extent of its keenness on the importance of these institutions in enhancing the cultural and educational aspect in the minds of individuals.7 - - The clear speech of the religious authority which reflects the bad reality of Iraq, witnessed throughout the last stage, emerged due to the worsening of the crisis among the political forces and the spread of corruption that hit all state institutions, as well as theprivileges and special positions granted to senior officials in the Iraqi state. Therefore, it sought through its speech to achieve the political and judicial reform and distance all institutions of all kinds of partisan and politicization directing the government totake serious steps in the process of real reform and ach~~ social Justice.
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الجريمة السياسية وانعكاساتها على المجتمع العراقي : دراسة ميدانية في محافظة واسط

Author name: احمد ياسين احمد الجواري
Supervisor name: نبيل نعمان اسماعيل التكريتي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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المسؤولية الاجتماعية للقطاع الخاص : دراسة ميدانية لشركات الاتصال == Social Responsibility Of The Private Sector A Field Study Of Corporate Communication

Author name: شيرين محمد كاظم ال شكر
Supervisor name: سلام عبد علي مهوس العبادي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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صندوق الزكاة ودوره في معالجة مشكلات الاسر المتعففة : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == Zakat Fund It'S Role In Dealing With Problems Of Forbearing Families : A Field Study In Baghdad

Author name: خلود ناصر حسن السامرائي
Supervisor name: احمد عبد الرضا محمد الحسني
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study discusses with the role of Zakat (Alms) Fund in dealing with the several problems of which forbearing families suffer, such as social, economic and psychological problems. Zakat represents one of Islam's basic elements on whose pillars the foundations of a society are built. Moreover, through it human coherence and relations that ensure interests of individuals and groups are achieved. It was the first foundation for insurance and social solidarity in Islam. It is not a charity for the one who gives and begging by those who receive. The importance of Zakat is attributed to the fact that it is a participation of most of the society's members and the amount it represents out of the total wealth as it represents 2.5% of1 the gross wealth of a society. If organized in a suitable way it could solve many of social problems that are attributed to poverty and contribute to the spread of social solidarity, besides its moral effects as it puts aside grudge and hatred resulted from the division of people into owners who do not care for others and needy people who are neglected. Therefore, the Islamic legislator was concerned with using the funds of this religious obligation for establishing a foundation that deals with the way these funds are employed for the benefits of those poor needy people. So such a fund was established. The rise of the project of Zakat Fund is a historical continuation of (Beit el - Mal), The House of Wealth, founded by the Caliph Omar Ibn Al - Khattab after the increase of resources of the state of Islam after Hegira as a result of the Islamic Conquests and communication with different cultures. The task for that fund was to register all assets; money, crops, booties, spoils, tithes, Zakat, fifths, and any wealth whose owner is unknown. These assets are put in the wealth house. As Zakat fund's assets need to be administrated and organized in current Islamic countries and due to diversity of laws and legislations because of the types of tax collection and distribution, the rise of Zakat Fund projects in some Arab countries is needed. The Fund of Zakat and Charity in Iraq is among pioneer experiments since it was found in 1987. It collected alms and spent them in a wise way according to Islamic legislations, and directing funds towards ones who are in need, particularly poor people in the society, and protecting forbearing persons from slipping into depravity. It may be considered a charity foundation whose vision is distinguished and pioneer in the service of Zakat obligation, achieving solidarity in society and standing with poor people. In the present study, several methods, represented by historical, comparative, statistical and social survey, were used within two ways : 1 - Sample : a sample of forbearing families aided by the Fund of Zakat and Charity, which is a sample of (126) families.2 - Comprehensive Enumeration : Included all employees of the Fund of Zakat and Charity of different positions which were 22 employees.The study is of two perspectives; theoretical and field survey. The theoretical part included four chapters, whereas field survey included three chapters which contain questionnaire forms after collecting data along with a group of hypotheses and analyses. The study comes out with some findings and recommendations, the findings are : 1 - 84% of the surveyed persons think that Zakat Fund contributes with simple aids to decrease the suffering of poor families as a sum of (50000) IDs monthly contributes in a very simple part of covering needs of living. 2 - 96.8% of the sample people think that Zakat Fund is fair in distributing funds to relief poor and needy people and achieving justice in distributing aids to needy families.3 - 96.8% of the sample people think that it is necessary on increase the fund's aids to meet the needs of food and medicines, especially most of the families include persons hit with chronic ailments.4 - 97.6% of the sample people think that there is a positive effect that the aid contributes to relief them from psychological pressures due to their economic conditions.5 - 100% of the employees surveyed said that patronage and personal relations do not have a role in the distribution of aids among families.The study comes with suggestions and recommendations, as follows : 1 - Spreading the culture of Zakat and enlightening society's individuals about it through religious orations , educational programs at radio and television channels and making use of Internet to spread the importance of Zakat Obligation and show legislative texts concerning Zakat in Qur'an and Hadiths supported by the state's finance.2 - Increasing the resources of the fund through legislation of a judicial text dictating tax exemption for companies that donate to Zakat Fund.3 - Enhancing trust in Zakat Fund by deploying trusted employees known with straightness, integrity, piety, knowledge and good reputation, besides training them in doctrine, administrative and economic fields. 4 - Deploying the funds of Zakat Fund in habilitation and investment projects to decrease poverty and unemployment and increasing the funds of the Zakat in order to include as much families as possible to become an annual contribution to fund those who are in need.5 - Contacting international charity communities to offer medicines of decreased prices for poor families, especially for chronic ailments and putting a future plan to establish small medical dispensaries help in treating poor families.
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دور التنمية الادارية والتخطيط الاستراتيجي في تطوير الموارد البشرية : دراسة ميدانية في وزارة التربية == The Role Of Administrative Development And Strategic Planning In Developing The Human Resources. Field Study In The Ministry Of Education

Author name: ماجدة حسين عبد
Supervisor name: مومرس ناهدة عبد الكريم حافظ
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The current dissertation entitled (The role of administrative development and strategic planning in developing the human resources - field study in the ministry of Education ; it searches for the importance of the role played by the administrative development and strategic planning into developing the human resources since it is considered as a basic unit in the administrative development programs.Our study focuses on two sides : 1. Developing human resources represented in its staff in the ministry of of education 02. Developing human resources focused on by the ministry of education within its message ( the citizens enlightened with knowledge).The significance of the dissertation represented into processing aspects of administrative corruption and enable the administrative to carry out their tasks through rehabilitating and training them and to find out solutions that impede their work as to put an end to the negative acts.Goal of the study represented into showing the role and importance of strategic planning for the administrative development and the necessity of providing programs that process the negative sides and supporting the positive one and to make changes as to achieve the development. Besides defining social responsibility for those who are responsible for the strategic planning. The researcher has employed the descriptive method and social survey. The filed study has been carried out on the High - level administrative senior figures in the ministry of education throughout Iraq, focusing on those managing the administrative tasks and strategic planning. It has been distributed 84+4 questionnaires for the committee of education and teaching.It has also been used statistic methods , including percentage , K as to be functionalized into analyzing the results of the filed study. I have reached to many results , including existing a strategic plan applied in the ministry of Education , , the responsibility lies on the high - level administrative figures and a number of schools along with its staff. Recommendations represented into establishing specialized besides national office for the administrative development and vocational teaching since they are formed as a basic base for economy having role in life of nations in addition to paying concern over researches and trainings as to achieve the development
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انتحار النساء : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة الصدر انموذجا

Author name: نجلاء كامل سالم
Supervisor name: خالد حنتوش ساجت
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Suicide is among problems whose impacts are reflected on society in general. Losing some individuals through committing suicide generates negative outcomes that affect the social structure and hinder the society's progress. This led researchers to exert efforts to study this problem in order to shed light on the most prominent reasons behind the rise of such a problem. Iraqi society nowadays witnesses increasing number of women who commit suicide in many areas with varying percentage; however there is no registered statistics about suicide in the official institutions.The present study aims at shedding light on some suicide acts by women in Al - Sadr City, in order to find out the social, economic and psychological factors behind women committing suicide, and to find out the most age groups of women who commit suicide, through finding out means of suicide and answering the following questions : 1 - Is there suicide acts among women in the study area, and to what extent this phenomenon is spread?2 - Is there a relationship between social factors and committing suicide by women in accordance with the variables : social state, level of education and the nature of residency?3 - Does the nature of tribal education in Sadr City have a role in the rise of the suicide phenomenon?To achieve these aim, the research demanded meetings with the families of the victims and with women who tried failed attempts of suicide, depending on the prospect of the present study, reviewing past studies to find out what others concluded and define suicide through social and psychological perspectives.The study sample was deliberately chosen. The number of suicide attempts was 30 cases 20 of which lled to death the other ten where failed attempts and the victims survived.Among the most prominent outcomes of the study is that most of the women who committed suicide had only primary education. Most of them were married; which reflects the relations with their husbands and the effect of the surrounding social environment, given that most married women lived with their in - laws. This state generates an atmosphere of wrangle, struggle and psychological pressures which led some women to think about committing suicide.The outcomes of the study affirmed the domination of tribal norms within the study area, the matter that reflects the weakness of law, represented by policemen and forensic investigators whose role was just to write down some simple reports that do not shed light on the real reasons that led women to commit suicide, particularly when we find out that most suicide attempts, even those which led to death, are not registered so in official institutions, but instead as ( burns, toxic , or predetermined ). The medic stuff submits to the will of the families not to mention the suicide act.In the light of the outcomes, the study suggests some recommendations among which are : the need to raise the families' awareness of containing women, listening to them and taking care of them when they face problems, whether they were married on not. This will led them to depend on their families and forget the idea of committing suicide.Among recommendations, also, is to activate the role of the law by investigating suicide acts thoroughly in order to find out the real reasons that led women to commit suicide, instead of registering what victims' families wish to be written and keeping silent towards such cases in the research area.
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التنوع الاثني والسلم الاجتماعي في العراق : العرب والاكراد دراسة مقارنة == Ethnic Diversity And Social Peace In Iraq (Arabs And Kurds : Comparative Study)

Author name: احمد قاسم مفتن
Supervisor name: لاهاي عبد الحسين الدعمي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study aim at exploring the relationship between two main variables : the Ethnic Diversity and the Social Peace for the Arabs and the Kurds in Iraq. It tries to answer some inquires, mostly : what are the conditions and obstacles for social peace in Iraq? And to what extent the Arabs and the Kurds are involved in the public domain? And what has this to do with the social peace?The current study is important due to the extended interest in social peace and social coexistence locally and internationally among the groups of the Iraqi society in general. The subject of the study adds Enablers and ballasts of tolerance between two main ethnic groups in the Iraqi society (the Arabs and the Kurds) which adds another value on the importance of the study.Jürgen Habermasthrories and views in this issue represented a theoretical framework for the ways of reinforcing in a diverse society to explain the study. Also it aims to identify the relation of the public domain (expanding and shrinking) to achieve and reinforce social peace.The current study is considered descriptive contrastive analytical studies that used the social survey and contrastive methodology to achieve the aims of this study and answer their inquiries : The study reached out to some conclusion, the most important ones are : 1. 63% of the surveyed people showed positive readiness towards the members of the other ethnic group by theirpreference to (live next by, work with them, share meals, marry from them)2. Most of the responses of the surveyed showed a difference between those who have one of the four relations or more with the other ethnic group (friendship, neighboring, workmates, marriage) as the percentage ranged between ? to ?3. 84% of the surveyed people think that what happens to their ethnic group in the majority of Iraq will have an effect on their private lives, i.e. most of them have a high sense of shared destiny.4. The ethnic description is of low importance and weak in reality to the Arabs, as only 8% is for pure ethnic identity and 14% for those who presented the ethnic identity over the national in an option of duel identity.5. The ethnic description in the Kurds refer to a high importance and clear reality for the reference, as the option for pure ethnic identity for them was 18% and 46% for those who preferred the ethnic identity over the national in the choice of duel identity.
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الشباب بين الاندماج والاستبعاد : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == The Youth Between Inclusion And Exclusion A Field Study In The City Of Baghdad

Author name: نوري سعدون عبد الله القيسي
Supervisor name: فهيمة كريم رزيج المشهداني
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In any society, we find that young people are the driving force in building the economy and society and are the most important resource of human resources at all , here it is the young people of Iraq and one of the most important pillars of the community that need to be taken care of and provide requirements to promote the reality of Iraq and human development, but we find that the community Iraq has suffered from many manifestations, especially after the American occupation in 2003, and resulted in one of the most important of these are manifestations of social exclusion and lack of integration, especially for young people that have received the lion's share of those appearances. The stage witnessed by the Iraqi society after 2003, leaving a negative impact on young people through what produced that stage of the manifestations of social exclusion as varied these manifestations various kinds, including sectarian and which is based on sectarian affiliation, as well as the exclusion of existence through acts of murder intentional and assassinations dail , as well as spatial exclusion through displacement on the basis of ethnic and sectarian from one area to another majority ethnic or sectarian. As well as behavioral abnormalities that we've seen and still we see the migration of young people that has become an existential nature of youth and community witnessed cases of chaos, violence and insecurity, all of those are a manifestation of social exclusion that have had a significant impact on the youth segment.And the risk of social exclusion and lack of integration may be resolved in all aspects of life, which results in an imbalance in the structures and functions and roles leading to widespread social and economic problems, political and cultural among young people, including, but most notably was the problem of poverty and unemployment and a weak sense of social responsibility and declining values of citizenship with a direct impact on a slide young people and society as a whole and the problems of discrimination based on gender and security problems of deteriorating security.Suffering Iraqi youth today exacerbate the crisis of freedom in addition to the low level of education and high rates of murders and acts of violence and terrorism and psychological problems, most notably their frustration , despair and unhappiness and the loss of the future as they suffer from the worsening crisis of identity as well as the weakness of integration and social adjustment and weakness in the social values which generate they have a state of alienation, all these manifestations and data has become a dangerous situation in the Iraqi youth.Based on all of these indicators were above the main motivation for the researcher to choose the subject and try to detect the effects and manifestations of social exclusion of young people and their integration, which form a threat and is reflected in the other segments, not the youth.The researcher in this study, social survey methodology and some tools to collect data and information. Based on this study is divided into two sections addressing the first section the theoretical side came in four seasons, which included the first chapter the general framework for the study, and included three sections dealt with the first section elements of the study and its components, while the second section dealt with the most important concepts and terminology relevant scientific study, but the third topic focused on the previous studies were in the same quarter of previous studies to discuss the study. While the second quarter came in the first two sections included on the theoretical framework for the study , while the second section came in rooting historical social exclusion.The third chapter came under the heading of social exclusion and the most important manifestations and causes, and the Department of boiling two sections, the first section included the main reasons leading to the exclusion of young people, while the second section dealt with aspects of social exclusion.The fourth chapter was titled indicators of social exclusion and inclusion of young people, and was on two sections, the first section titled indicators of social exclusion of young people, while the second section dealt with indicators of integration for young people.The second section of this study dealt with the side of the field and also included four seasons.The fifth chapter titled frame systematic study and procedures field has included this chapter three sections, addressing the first research study methodology, while taking the second section and means of gathering information and finally was interested third topic areas and hypotheses of the study and the difficulties faced by a researcher at the completion of the study, both theoretical and field. The sixth chapter presentation and analysis of the underlying data and the results of the study came Bembgesan : First, the basic data for the study and the second part, psychological and social factors. The seventh chapter was titled view and analyze economic and political factors leading to the exclusion of youth and manifestations and indicators of social exclusion of young people. And included the first two themes : economic and political factors leading to the exclusion of young people, and the second topic : the manifestations and indicators of social exclusion of young people. Chapter VIII came titled towards an enabling social policy for the advancement of the youth department and to the first two sections : findings and conclusions, and the second topic : social policy towards the future
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الرعاية الاجتماعية لضحايا الارهاب : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == The Social Care Of Terrorist Victims

Author name: ثائر احمد حسون العمار
Supervisor name: فهيمة كريم رزيج المشهداني
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Cultural Anthropology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Iraq has been subjected to cases of devastating terrorism, especially after the American invasion in 9/4/2003, coupled with the collapse in political power and stopping the rule of law and the prevalence of chaos and decay in all systems. All this led to the entry into force of the terrorist organizations in the country and infiltration within some quarters of the community of groups corrupt and adopted by these networks and worked to organize and use it to hit the political system, social and even religious arguments and claims has not been the reality of rational any link and worked on targeting social components and tearing the social fabric and national cohesion, as well as to recruit suicide bombers from various Arab countries to implement their plans sordid inside Iraq, where targeted lives of individuals and their daily activities in the aspects of all in different levels, and this risk is reflected clearly to the fact that the perpetrators of these acts are not repeating any attention to the size of innocent lives that are lost, in addition to the amount of funds that destroy, as it terrorist attacks increased and the diversity of those car bombs to improvised explosive devices and explosive belts down to the assassinations, which affected the various security agencies, and competencies of doctors, professors and scientists manner weapons Occlusive, and after it was all legal studies and criminal policies are moving towards one end of the parties to the crime, a criminal.Today the researcher finds essential examining ways important event of criminal and successor event not i.e. (the victim) a result of increased terrorist operations in Iraq, and the martyrs and the disabled they leave, as well as the families of the victimized of women and children, and therefore based our study on welfare that offer them care is social development in any country serves as a safety valve for all segments of society and working to cover the needs of the hundreds of thousands. The fact that the care is a right guaranteed by the Constitution to all members of society in times peace and war and in different circumstances where it is one of the clamps of life in contemporary society, especially after the escalation of terrorist acts where the damage crime more virulent and more impact on individuals, and here shows the journal Social Welfare and clear to cover these needs providing material aid and moral and caring for victims and their families to relieve them, and stand on their needs. The issue of social welfare in Iraq now presents itself in the following circumstances more than ever before and became a concern of citizens in terms of the efficiency of the fact that all members of society are at risk because they are victims of any time, any place in the school and at work, in the street and even at home as a result wave of extremism and blind terrorism that hit all spectrums of the people and work to inflame sectarian strife among its members for a period is considerable, and therefore, the need is urgent and necessary to study the forms and types and methods of social care provided to victims of terrorism. In order to comprehend the themes of thesis we divided this study into two main sections : Theoretical and field sections. Section deals with the theoretical four chapters are : First Chapter I : Contains two sections. The first section deals with the problem of the study and the importance and objective, while the second part deals with the identification of concepts and terminology for the study. The second chapter : contains two sections. The first section two previous studies (Iraqi, Arab, foreign), while the second part contains the theory in the interpretation of social care for the victims of terrorism. The third chapter : contains two sections. The first topic the historic introduction to the social care across time in the evolution of religions, and the second section has dealt with models of social welfare globally, regionally and finally valuable Iraq. The fourth Chapter was in two sections : the two first topic : dealing with international variables and terrorism in the world, with particular reference to Iraq, and the second topic : addressing social legislation for victims of terrorism in Iraq.As for the door field has included three chapters : Chapter V : who dealt with the researcher first : the curriculum, and secondly : study tools, and thirdly : Tab field data, IV : hypotheses, and V : Fields of study, and VI : statistic Means.Chapter VI : includes the preliminary data on the respondents.Chapter VII : includes the basic data on the victims themselves and care - governmental organizations and the role of civil society and civil in the care of the victims of terrorism as well as the role of government institutions in the provision of care.The study concluded with a summary of this thesis, as well as the findings and recommendations with a comprehensive view of the supplements for the study.
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المدلول الرمزي للجسد في الموروث الشعبي العراقي : دراسة انثروبولوجية تحليلية == The Symbolic Significance In The Iraqi Heritage Anthropological Study

Author name: زينب محمد صالح
Supervisor name: لاهاي عبد الحسين الدعمي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Cultural Anthropology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Body’ is one of the subjects that recently attract researchers and thinkers’ attention. ‘Body’ is the society mirror which is considered by researchers as a symbol for transforming its society culture. The body meaning and value come from its existence, its images that speak up its silent depth, its importance, its changeable features, expressions, and its symbols. Hence, ‘body’ has symbolic and cultural significance and a social and cultural meaning through its original practices, rituals, reference, and culture. ‘Body’ is the symbolic construction and the origin of several concepts that tend to give it meaning. In fact, ‘body’ is the result of socio - cultural construction. The present study emphasizes the presence of the ‘body’ through its symbolic denotation culturally formed within a vast variety culture society, like the Iraqi society. In order to achieve the aims of the study, public inherited culture and folklore have been investigated since ‘body’ symbolizes its society culture and it is the language of man to express him/herself. ‘Body’ interferes with a variety of surrounding interactions. Its movements and shapes, for example when standing, kneeling, or chained, are all full of signification derived from where they occur. Consequently, body movement is regarded as cultural product varying from one culture to another. ‘Body’ represents its original culture and environment. It feels, expresses, and invents man. Doubtlessly, Arabic Islamic culture is part of the inherited Iraqi culture. Actually it is the main source of our cultural heritage. ‘Body’ is the divine base for all ancient civilizations and cultures and the core for many philosophies. At a particular time, it has been a symbol for a culture, and at other time an aesthetic sign for another one. Besides, it might swing between sanctity and impurity. We can investigate the ‘body’ with all its meanings and sufferings through its living and abstract signs aw well as all control techniques since it is history enclosed by traditions, doctrine, literature and education. ‘Body’ has been tackled from different views. The present study comprises six chapters : The important thought has been concluded that ‘body’ looked at anthropologically, especially its popular practices, rituals, religious ceremonies, aesthetic practices since they are tools of social and cultural interactions and symbols of humanity in current anthropology
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المشكلات الاجتماعية والحضارية للمراة العاملة في منطقة الحكم الذاتي : دراسة ميدانية عن مشكلات المراة العاملة في مدينة السليمانية == The Social And Cultural Problems Of The Working Woman In The Autonomous Region A Field Study Concerning The Problems Of The Working Woman In Sulaymania

Author name: اسو ابراهيم عبد الله
Supervisor name: احسان محمد الحسن
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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ستراتيجية تطوير واقع الرعاية الاجتماعية لطلبة الصم والبكم : دراسة ميدانية في معاهد الصم والبكم في مدينة بغداد

Author name: عامر خزعل عبد الامير الموسوي
Supervisor name: صبيح شهاب حمد محمد
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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اثر التفكك العائلي في جنوح الاحداث

Author name: جعفر عبد الامير علي الياسين
Supervisor name: نشات ابراهيم
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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ثقافة الصحة الانجابية لدى المراة العراقية : دراسة ميدانية في مدينة بغداد == Culture of Reproductive Health Among Iraqi Women : A Field Study In The City of Baghdad

Author name: ميسم مجيد حمود حمادي
Supervisor name: صبيح شهاب حمد محمد
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Service
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study tackled the subject of " the culture of reproductive health "in order to detect the extent of awareness of women's reproductive health issues, and for the verification of the objectives of the study, the researcher choose a total sample of (300)
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الطقوس الشعبية : دراسة انثروبولوجية في منطقة الكرادة - منطقة الزوية انموذجا == The Popular Rituals Anthropolological Study In Al - Karada / Alzawia

Author name: شيماء محمود كاظم
Supervisor name: عبد الواحد مشعل عبد
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى معرفة الطقوس الشعبية في منطقة الزوية بمدينة بغداد والتغيرات التي طرات عليها، وتاتى اهميتها بصفتها تتناول موضوعا انثروبولوجيا يتفاعل بشكل مستمر في حياة سكان المنطقة المدروسة كونها من مناطق بغداد العريقة والتي تفاعل سكانها خلال التاريخ مكون | The study aims to know the ritual popular in the area Azwaia city/ Baghdad and the changes in it, and come important as dealing with a subject Anthropology interact nuously in the lives of the study area being one of the areas of Baghdad, ancient and that
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الصراع الاجتماعي والتنمية البشرية : دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية في محافظات الفرات الاوسط == Social Conflict And Human Development : Study the social field in the Central Euphrates provinces

Author name: فلاح جابر جاسم الغرابي
Supervisor name: ميادة احمد عبد الرحمن الجدة
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان دراستنا الموسومة "الصراع الاجتماعي والتنمية البشرية, دراسة ميدانية " جاءت بجانبين, الجانب النظري الذي احتوى على خمسة فصول تطرق الباحث من خلالها, والتي تناولت الاطار العام للدراسة, الذي احتوى على مشكلة الدراسة, والمشكلة الاساسية التي تناولتها الدراسة ه | The study tagged "social conflict and the challenges of human development in Iraqi society, a field study" came two aspects, theoretical side which contained five chapters touched researcher through them, which dealt with the general framework of the stud
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واقع التعليم العالي في العراق : دراسة ميدانية في جامعة بغداد == State of The Higher Education In Iraq : A Field Study In University of Baghdad

Author name: رنا حكمت عباس البياتي
Supervisor name: نبيل نعمان اسماعيل التكريتي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان اهمية دراسة مشكلة (واقع التعليم العالي في العراق ), تتضح من خلال كونها محاولة لدراسة تاريخ التعليم العالي في العراق ولاسيما وان العراق له تاريخا عريقا بصورة عامة على مستوى المنطقة العربية, وتشخيص بعض المشاكل والمعوقات التي يعاني منها التعليم العالي. | A study of situated importance for higher education in Iraq, showing from through being attempt to study history of higher education in Iraq Specially the Iraq has a great history in general case on level Arabic area and diagnoses some problem and obstacl
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التحاسد والايثار في المجتمع الريفي : دراسة انثروبولوجية في ريف الرمادي

Author name: خالد مخلف حسين علي الكربولي
Supervisor name: يوسف عناد زامل العائدي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Social Anthropology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الله سبحانه وتعالى خلق الخلق فقسمهم على اربعة اقسام، اولها قسم يعين ويستعين، وثانيها قسم لا يعين ولا يستعين، وثالث يعين ولا يستعين، ورابع يستعين ولا يعين، وبهذا فقد وضع سبحانه وتعالى الاسس التي يستند عليها الناس في تعاملاتهم اليومية، والقصد من هذا كله
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السياسة الاجتماعية والامن الانساني في العراق : دراسة اجتماعية تحليلية == Social Policy & Human Security In Iraq : Analysis Social Study

Author name: مثال عبد الله غني العزاوي
Supervisor name: سلام عبد علي مهوس العبادي
General topic: Sociology
Specific topic: Sociology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Sociology
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study, entitled “Social policy and human security in Iraq”, aims to identify the present situation and trends of social policy in Iraq, particularly in light of the many changes that are taking place in the world and in Iraq. This includes the restru
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اللامنتمي في الحضارة الغربية : دراسة في الوجودية الجديدة عند كولن ولسن

Author name: سليم عكيش هادي الشمري
Supervisor name: مدني صالح | فيصل غازي مجهول
General topic: Philosophy
Specific topic: Philosophy
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Philosophy
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Colin Wilson is an existential philosopher and novelist who really concerned with establishing the foundation for new optimistic vision of the world existence, a vision which does not differ much from the existentialism psychology. In fact talked this exi
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الاصوات عند سيبويه في ضوء علم الاصوات الحديث

Author name: عبد العزيز سعيد بن حمان الصيغ
Supervisor name: حسام سعيد النعيمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحث الصوتي عند ابن السراج (ت316هـ)

Author name: علي خليف حسين اللامي
Supervisor name: حسام سعيد النعيمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحث الصوتي والدلالي عند الفيلسوف الفارابي

Author name: رجاء عبد الرزاق كاظم الدفاعي
Supervisor name: محمد ضاري حمادي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقنيات السينما في الرواية العربية 2000 - 2015 == Cinematic Techniques In The Arabic Novel From (2000 - 2015)

Author name: جبار سلطان حسن
Supervisor name: يوسف محمد جابر اسكندر
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Arabic novel with its regional orientation has not been isolated from the novel in general, since it employs a lot of cinematic techniques, proving, meanwhile, that it is open to other arts, keeping up the vibe of renewal and development, because many writers wrote with cinematic awareness and cinematic technique. This elicited the researcher to delve deeper into the effort found in the novels to achieve new modes of expression, which rely heavily on the image and the cinematic formation to maintain the tools to elevate the narrative speech, granting it the necessary narrative identity, which is featured with innovation and high narrative performance. The study is preceded by a forward, which tackles the definitions of concepts that are relevant to the study such as technicality, the concept of cinema, its techniques, and its impact on the Arabic novel. It also highlights the term "New Arabic Novel", and the classification of the novels under study according to it. Examining eventually the studied novels and the criteria of selecting them. The study falls into three chapters beginning with theoretic entries giving sufficient idea about each technology. The first chapter highlights the scenario. It is divided into two sections; the first includes types of scenario in the Arabic novel; the second is about the elements of scenario in the Arabic novel. The second chapter highlights the functions of the camera put into application. It falls into three main sections; the first tackles the corners of the camera, the second tackles the movement of the camera and its steadiness, and the third tackles the duration of the shots. The third chapter discusses the impact of montaging on the Arabic novel. It is divided into two main sections; the first is entitled "The Narrative Montage in the Novel in its Four Types : Horizontal, Reverse, Parallel, and Alternative Montage"; while the second tackles the Expressive Montage in the novel in its two types : the ideological and the rhythmic. The Conclusion sums up the findings of the research and the proposed recommendations.

شرح شواهد شرح ابن الناظم للسيد محمد بن علي الموسوي العاملي (ت1075هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق == Sharih Shawahid Of Sharih Ibn An - Nadhim

Author name: محمد علي هوبي جواد
Supervisor name: خميس عبد الله علي التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thanks be to Allah and the best of prayers upon his prophet, Abi Al - Qasim Mohammed and his Household members and his companions, and everyone who followed the same path as they did. Due to the importance of a syntactic model for grammarians, as grammar has been built on it and syntactic rules have been derived from it, in addition to being the arbitrator for every dispute or disagreement arising between the various, numerous syntactic schools. This reasons, among many, made syntactic models their point of focus. They collect, arranged and explained these models for those interested in syntax, thus creating a new profession and a new discipline of syntactic study, named Syntactic Models Interpretation. AlSaayid Al - Amili's Book falls within this category, as it explained Ibn Al - Nadhim Models used for explaining his father's Alfiya. The reason I chose investigation for my doctorate dissertation is to pick up where I left off in my master study, where I investigated Mussa Bin Azeez Allah Al - Musawi AlJaza’ir’sLisan Al - Muta’ilimeen. I wished to walk down a similar path and master this aspect, an art that needed earnestness, perseverance, and effort; all of whom are sources of joy. Furthermore, this type of study bears a great scientific value in resurrecting our heritage, which has waited long for such resurrection. The most important causes for my choosing this book were the newness rarely found in books of the same category. This is shown in the Book Value heading of the second section in chapter two; its connection with Ibn Al - Nadhum's explanation of his father's Alfiya. The study methodology required that the study was to be divided into two parts : the first, the study part, consisted of four chapters preceded by a preface giving a brief description of the most important notions of this dissertation. The dissertation ends with a conclusion presenting the most notable results reached by this study. As regards the chapters titles and sections, the first one is entitled (Ibn Al - Nadhim and Al - Saayid Al - Amili, and Ibn AlNadhim Models Explanation). It consists of two sections : the first dealt with everything related to Al - Sayid Al - Amili - academic and personal résumé - while the second is used to Al - SayidAlAmili book - its title, attribution, motives for writing, general and special methodology, and other matters. Chapters two and three are devoted for studying the syntactic issues found in the book. Thus, chapter two was entitled “His Syntactic Replies and Preferences”, each of the two aspects of the title was allotted its own section. A number of the issues related to each title are studied and discussed as the study methodology requires. Chapter three, “His Syntactic Views and His Attitude towards the Two Schools”, consists also of two sections. The first one is devoted to his syntactic views, whether they are solely his or are joint with others, while the second dealt with some issues of controversy between the schools of grammar : Basrah School and Kufa School, which were mentioned by Al - Sayid, showing his stands towards them and his syntactic inclinations. Chapter four, “Badr Al - Deen Al - Aini's and Al - Sayid Al - Amili's Explanations : Comparative Study”, consisted of three sections, preceded by a briefing about Al - Aini's life and his book “Fara’id Al - Qala’id”. Section one succinctly discusses the two books mentioned in the chapter title, while making a simple comparison between the two to pinpoint how the former impacted the latter. The second section is devoted for the study of a number of the objections raised by Al - Sayid Al - Amili to AlAini, in accordance with scientific research requirements. Finally, in section three some of Al - Aini's ideas that were inaccurately understood by Al - Amili, with the latter's point of view corrected by proof. The second part of the study contained the investigated script and everything related to it. The latter are divided into two sections : the first provides a description of all the manuscripts found by the investigator, whether incorporated in the investigation or not; whereas the second is used to present the methodology adopted by the investigator and the mechanism used to bring out the final product to the reader. This is given by presenting three copies of each manuscript used in the investigation. The dissertation is concluded by the bibliography and the abstract in English. The most notable difficulties and problems faced while preparing this dissertation can be summarized by the following : not finding the copy written by the author, wrongly attributing a number of manuscripts to the author by some scholars. The latter was especially problematic. I went out of my way to prove them wrong. Another problem was the large number of the author's manuscripts, which made it difficult to select the best ones. Furthermore, the material was large, extensive, and varied. Despite of all of these difficulties, the researcher saved no effort to complete the work in the best manner possible. All credit should be attributed to Almighty Allah what whom without his providence I would not have accomplished any of that. Thanks and praise to no one but Allah. Thanks to Allah first and last, may Allah prayers be upon his Prophet Mohammed, and his infallible Household members

السلب في اللغة العربية == Detraction In Arabic

Author name: غانم عبد الحسن رداد
Supervisor name: مجيد نوط عبيد الشمري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study deals with the aspects of detraction in Arabic language on two levels : the vocabulary and the structural. The research has found out that detraction is a nothingness meaning referring to diminution or completion where there are linguistic aspects in Arabic language that detract the diminution and turn it into completion and vice versa. The pioneer to use the term of detraction was Al - Khaleel bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi in the second century of Hijra. Since that time, no one has ever dealt with the term till the fourth century of Hijra where it was renewed by a linguist named Ibn Jini. Ibn Jini has assigned a special chapter to the term in one of his books entitled (Chapter in Detraction). Since then, the term has become popular and grown and broadened. Another factor which had a role in the growing of the term was the meaning of detraction coming from the Greek philosophy at the time of cultural connection between Arabic and Greek cultures. In the light of the duality of (the existence or nothingness) or (diminution and completion), linguistic detraction has been found in many linguistic fields other than Arabic such as : philosophy, psychology, speech act and anthropology. These fields have been great help in studying linguistic detraction deeply regardless any specific linguistic approach taking advantage of the descriptive, normative, historical and comparative approach. The study is divided into a Preface showing the two aspects of detraction : Existence and Nothingness. Three chapters are followed : Chapter One studies the meaning of detraction and its problem, Chapter Two tackles the singular detraction and Chapter Three deals with the structural detraction.

بلاغة المقموعين من الاجراء الى التنظير حتى نهاية القرن السادس الهجري

Author name: محمد ياسر فراك الغرابي
Supervisor name: وسن صالح حسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

شرح التبريزي على مقصورة ابن دريد : دراسة لغوية == Interpretation Of Al - Tabrizi In Rythem Of Ibn Duraid

Author name: رواء ظاهر حميد ابراهيم
Supervisor name: خميس عبد الله علي التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This is a study in the linguistic inquiries which is considered of one of the most fertile topics in the language in an important books of explanations, namely, Shrouh Maqsurat ibn Duraid by Imam Yahya ben Ali ben Mohammed ben Al - Hassan ben Al - Hassan Al - Tibrizi ( 502 H) for the multiplicity of the inflectional, phonetic, synatcial and semantic issues in the book as well as branching and the depth of the inquiry of the author. It is found that the linguistic phenomena are very important and deserve study and inquiry. One previous study tackled the efforts of Al - Tibrizi in that aspect. Also, the explainer (Al - Tibrizi) has made a great effort in dealing with these phenomena. I found that movement of authorship represents a shiny side of the linguistic heritage. After completing the material collection I found that the nature of study is divided into three chapters beginning with an Introduction which talks about the motivations for choosing the subject. Then, the Conclusion that includes the most important findings of the study. The preface tackles the life of Al - Tibrizi and his biography from birth to death, the material of the book and his approach. Chapter One is a study of the inflectional phenomenon which includes five inquiries which are : derivation, the structures of the gerund, the plurals of all type, diminutives, affinity, assimilation. Chapter Two is devoted to the study of the phonetic phenomenon which includes five inquiries that is : “substitution, the lightening of hamza, stress and lightening, and the extended. Chapter Three is entitled “the semantic phenomena” in five inquiries which are : the semantic development, synonymy, antithesis, semantic differences and semantic antithesis. In the Conclusion the most important findings of the thesis includes : Al - Tibrizi was one of the scholars of Arabic languages who has many and the treatises that history old. In addition to that I found him clever in language, syntax and the phonetic. He depended on the Quranic reading and he also cited the Quran, hadith, the speech of Arab (poetry, prose and proverbs).

القرائن واثرها في توجيه المعنى في تفسير البسيط للواحدي == The Presumptions And Its Effect In Directing Meaning With Reference To The Tefseer Al - Baseet For Al Wahidi

Author name: حامد حسين حنيحن طعمة الشريفي
Supervisor name: رجاء خلف عواد التكريتي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Doctorate degree in Arabic and its literature needs many requirements like this research. The theory of the "presumptions support" that Dr. Tammam Hassan puts, new studies appeared and affected with these presumptions. These new studies demon started their impacts in old linguistic studies. Among the old scientists recognized them and incorporate that in their compilation. That resulted in making them a large scientific field in which many studiers and researchers came in. One of those was al - Wahidi the owner of the three explanation : Concise, Intermediate, and Simple. In the simple explanation "the research field" Al - Wahidi recognized the most of those presumptions and he didn't depend only on the "Al - E'arab presumption". Once he used the presumptions clearly. And an other time he indicate them. For example ,some text can not be explained except that explanations depend on the presumptions like traditions and habits as in demonstrating the meaning, and the relation between the pilgrimage (hajj) and coming to the houses from their doors as it is in surah. Al - baqarah, the explanation was according to those traditions which the Arabic community followed in the ignorant age. One of the current age feature is the study in that field thereby various studies appeared and demon started that the presumptions have got effects in their fields. The scientists distributed the presumptions according to what their studies need. But I found that the best distribution could be four fold, to beghn with the word and what happen on it as : E'arab, Tanween, and Harmony. Then some words demand to accompany other words, and also the effect of the words nearness with other words. Afterwards, we come out to what surround these words. The title of the thesis "its field was the simple explanation" was the presumptions and its effect in directing meaning with the reference to the Tafseer al - Baseet for Al - Wahidi (died in 468 H). The thesis was organized into : foreword, introduction, four units and conclusion.For word : As a fore word ,I dealt with the reasons of selecting the subject, the difficulties I found in selecting the subject, the borders of the research, besides the references. Introduction : in the introduction, I talked about the notion of presumption, the meaning in language and convention, and their kinds. I didn’t talk about the book and its author, But they are two large fields for detailed studies, several researchers wrote about them such as those investigators in the author's book, (the simple explanation) headed them.Units : The units are as follows : Unit one : verbal presumptions, I talked about the presumptions which its performance can be in pronunciation like construction , in other words, the word and the effects happen for it. and I distributed this unit into five topics : conjugation construction, E'arab mark, tanueen, harmony, and stopping. Unit two : The presumptions depend on the relations among the words, in this unit , I talked about the presumptions where the words have got relation with the nearby words, their meaning can be got by these words. Each presumption needs connection between two linguistic elements, in other words, the two parts of the sentence demand , each one another in the same sentence or near it, for example : the verb needs the subjects and the preposition needs the noun comes after it that is for demonstration not for enumeration. These presumptions are for : Corres pondence, means, solidarity, connection and rank. Unit three : Incorporeal presumptions, the talking was about the group of presumptions that disclose the contextual relations among the parts of the sentence, therefore this unit was divided into : support presumption, specialty presumption, proportion, and subordination presumption.Unit four : Current Presumptions, The talking was about the group of presumptions that enter the stage of the linguistic text. They deal with the circumstances and the atmospheres that surround the sentence or the text and in which the text was be said. These presumptions can be occurred out the linguistic text where the text born in them. There is no relation between them and the text words excluding the circumstances that surround the to distinct and demonstrate it. Its distribution was as follows : the reasons of the descent ,prophetic hadith tradition and physical movements.As for conclusion… It contained the results that appeared during the research. and grace of Allah to whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty ,that the supervisor on this research is our professor ,Dr.Raja'a khalaf awad al - Tikrity who covered me with her grace and her guiding ,then, she didn't scant me with her advise and instructions.she endured a lot of troubles allah rewards her and bestow upon her with plentiful graces. and praise be to god! thank god.

المعجمية العربية في فكر الدكتور علي القاسمي == Arabic Lexical At The Thought Of Dr. Ali Al Qasimi

Author name: بتول عبد الكاظم حمد
Supervisor name: لمى فائق جميل العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise due to Allah, the Lord of the universes, peace be upon the Master of the messengers, Mohammad, his family and companions. The importance of dictionaries has increased lately, because technical means have been introduced into their manufacturing.Dictionaries have become one of the significant features of the present time in achieving reaction, harmony, and communication among nations. Dictionaries have also attracted the intention of modern linguistics' theories. This necessitates a new lexical study to investigate dealing with dictionaries on the basis of their capacity to receive the new innovated lexes, their purposes and the number of their users which increases everyday.Therefore, the present Arabic lexicographic study, tackles the thought of Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi to which it is restricted. This is so because of the achievements of this scholar and the services he presented to Arabic and the status he occupies among Arab scholars. His fame is wide spread in the Arab Homeland, in addition to the variety of topics covered by his lexicographic writings. He is, actually, a prominent figure in the modern age. He has provided, and still provides, the Arab library with references which depict the genius of this unique personality who does his best effort to serve these who speak it and those who do not. Due to his qualifications the Union of Arab Academies has adopted him a god deal in compiling the outlines of the Arabic Historic Dictionary.He showed a significant activity in this concern, presenting his opinions in setting the body of the Historic Dictionary through a bulky reference issued in 2014, under the title "The Making of the Arabic Historic Dictionary". Hence, this is the reason behind the choice of this topic to be studied. The researcher has found a great value in the thoughts of this scholar which are characterized by innovation and the call to change the methodology of the linguistic studies. Moreover, there is no single study which covers the lexicographic references and books written by Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi.The structure of the study necessitated its division into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction is divided into two parts, the first of which introduces Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi, his published books and researches. The second part is titled (Lexicographic Thought for Arabs). The chapters are as follows : Chapter one is titled (Al - Qasimi and the Modern Dictionary) including four sections the first of which tackles the (Definition of the Lexicographic Terms); the second (Methodologies of Arabic Dictionaries' Arrangement and Classification); the third (Lexicography Making in the Thought of Al - Qasimi), and the fourth, which represents the topic backbone of the concern of Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi, is titled (Dictionaries and Language Learning).Chapter two has been devoted to the study of the study of the Arabic Historic Dictionary. It mentions the most significant bases on which this dictionary stands. It is divided into four sections, the first of which includes several axes among which are : Introducing the Arabic Historic Dictionary, types, necessities for its appearance, the scientific plan to achieve it and the remarks on it, and the previous attempts to compile it. The second section is titled (The Lingual Change in the Arabic Historic Dictionary); the third is titled (The Arabic Historic Dictionary between Etymology and History).The fourth section is titled (The Corpus linguistic and the Historic Dictionary).Chapter three is titled (The Dictionaries Compiled by Al - Qasimi : A study in the Application). It is divided according to whether the dictionaries are complied by Al - Qasimi or participated in compiling them. Thus, the first section discusses the dictionary titled (The Basic Arabic Dictionary); the second (Recitation Dictionary). The third section is concerned in the study of (The Dictionary of Modern Linguistics Terminology), a bilingual English - Arabic Dictionary.The research has been provided with a conclusion which includes the most important result the researcher has attended to throughout the chapters of the study. A list of the references has also beenprovided.

العارض في اللغة

Author name: غانم عبد الحسن رداد
Supervisor name: حميد عبد الحمزة عبيد الفتلي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تتابع الاصوات في العربية == Phonotactics In Arabic

Author name: ندى صالح يوسف السلامي
Supervisor name: مصطفى كاظم شغيدل
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Phonotactics is the permitted arrangement of sounds in the language based on the language system of a particular language. Each language has a special way in their phonotactics as not all are permitted in the language although they are sounds from the language itself. The Arabic sounds are clustered in a way that distinguishes it from other languages. The other languages have a special way of phonotactics. Some words have Arabic sounds for example but they are not considered Arabic if their clustering do not fit the way sounds ate arranged in Arabic. Like jim (الجيم) and q?f (القاف) as they are Arabic sounds but they do not occur in a word unless arabized. Also the arrangements of sounds as the عain (العين) precedes the h?? (الهاء) if it is adjacent to it in the beginning of the root and that the h?? (الهاء) does not precede the عain (العين) unless separated. Also the pronunciation of Al - Muhandz (المهندز) is not Arabic because the z?y (الزاي) does not come after d?l (الدال) that is why it is replaced to sin (السين) in the Arabic usage but it is still considered arabized. The belonging of a word to a language does not depend on having its sounds in it or not, it depends on their phonotactics and the ability of language is numerous in forming words but many roots and words were neglected. Most of our old and new scientists have discussed these topics about Convergence and divergence of sounds but using some flipping other than others and they did not reach at a reason for negligence. But if we look carefully we find that the way sounds are arranged in the roots ahs an important role in neglecting a big amount of roots like athakh (عضخ) and it is used in a different arrangement Khathaa (خضع) so the reason for neglecting such cases was unclear but if we traced the rules of phonotactics we find AlKhalil saying that the عain (العين) does not precede kh?? (الخاء) and this can be the reason of negligence. Finally we can determine some of the rules that have been relied on based on the sayings of some Arab figures and we can divide sounds into three divisions : First - cluster sound by conditions like the kh?? (الخاء) should precede the عain (العين) and the shin (الشين) should precede whistling sounds sin, s?d, z?y (س, ص, ز) if combined with them, etc. Second - sounds that never cluster like the عain (العين) and h?? الحاء) ), the عain (العين) and ghain (الغين) , and the kh?? ( الخاء) and ghain (الغين), etc of the other examples mentioned in the thesis Third - sounds clustering without condition like the glottal sounds that reoccurred with most of the other sounds

اراء سيبويه في (البحر المحيط) : دراسة نحوية == Sibawayh's Syntactic Views In Al - Bahr Al - Muhit : An Analytic Study

Author name: محمد منير اسماعيل علوان
Supervisor name: حميد عبد الحمزة عبيد الفتلي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present paper discusses the syntactic views concerning one of the most eminent scholars of Arabic language who lived in the second Hegira century; Ab? Bishr ?Amr ibn ?Uthm?n ibn Qanbar known as Sibawayh (Died in 180 A.H). The views are those found in al - Bahr al - Muhit (The Encompassing Ocean) of the commentator Abu Hayyan al - Nahwi (Died in 745 A.H). Al - Nahwi was an eminent scholar in Arabic language and Quran sciences. He wrote many classifications, among which is al - Bahr al - Muhit, which is adopted by commentators and grammarians from that period till present days. It contained many syntactic issues that were not tackled in classifications of such interest. It included the views of many former grammarians. Hence, this study is a record of the development of some syntactic views and continuity of the other views. The study discussed more than seventy syntactic views of Sibawayh which were mentioned by Abi Hayyan in his book. This paper could be the first step in the studying the views of grammarians who followed Sibawayh and who influenced this commentary. Therefore, the study is important for researchers who are interested in this field. The paper includes an introduction and four chapters. The introduction discusses the significance of the study which discusses the methodology adopted by ibn Hayyan in his commentary and former researches in this field. Chapter one, which is entitled Nominative Nouns and Converters, is of two sections. Section one includes nominative nouns; 1 - subject and predicate and 2 - subject of a verbal sentence. The second section discusses convertors; 1 - Kana and sisters and 2 - Inna and sisters. Chapter two is entitled (Inflected and Uninflected Nouns and Verbs). It also is comprised of two sections, section one discusses inflected verbs and the second discusses uninflected nouns and verbs. Chapter three discusses objects and appositives. It is comprised of two sections; the first discusses objects and semi objects, the second discusses appositives.Chapter four is entitled (Genitives and particles). It is composed of two sections; the first is about genitives and the second is about particles. The study ends up with a conclusion included the outcomes of the study, followed by the resources list and an abstract in English

التصوير الموسيقي في الشعر الاندلسي عصر ملوك الطوائف والمرابطين == The Imagery Musical In The Al - Andalusian Poetry : Era Of Al - Tawaif And Al - Moravid Kings

Author name: محمد عادل جاسم حمادي
Supervisor name: نصيرة احمد حمزة الشمري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت تلك الدراسة مجموعة الدواوين الشعرية المحققة في عصر ملوك الطوائف والمرابطين , والتي حظيت باهتمام الباحثين في جميع المجالات الادبية والنقدية , ما اعطانا حافزا لدراسة الجوانب الموسيقية التي لم يسلط الضوء عليها سابقا. الفصل الاول : درسنا فيه التصوير | Chapter one discusses musical imagery.In this chapter there are three sections : Section one : assimilation imagerySection two : metaphorical imagerySection three : metonymy imagery The researcher in this chapter discusses the relation between rhetorical imagery and music : was the poet successful in relating rhetorical imagery to music ? Are there discrepancies among poets in the extent of drawing such a relation or not ? ln chapter two , the researcher studies poetic and musical structure. This chapter is of two sections : section one is about poetic functions ,which are eulogy , elegy , love , wine , description , pride , and lampoon. Taking into consideration the different views of critics and prosody specialists , the relationship between meter and poetic functions , verification of authenticity of such views within analysis , and was the poet successful in relating meter and poetic function with musical imagery structure or not , were also discussed in this section. Section two is about the structure of Andalusian terza rima. the functions here were ; eulogy ,elegy , wine ,nature , and love. ln this section the relation between meter and poetic functions , within the structure of poetic imagery concerning Andalusian terza rima was discussed. Chapter three discusses the features of prosodic structure. lt is comprised of two sections. Section one studies external music , including two functions ; meter and rhythm. Section two is about internal music. ln this section , the researcher deals with repetition , paronomasia , relating second hemistich to the first , concord , inlay ,and rotation. these arts have vital prosodic importance in the contribution of the structure of the musical imagery. The conclusion included the outcomes of the study followed by references

المحاكمات لعبد الكريم بن عبد الجبار التبريزي (ت بعد 831هـ) : دراسة نحوية مع تحقيق الكتاب

Author name: عبد الرحمن اسماعيل خليل التميمي
Supervisor name: عقيل رحيم علي اللامي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على خاتم الانبياء والمرسلين. وبعد.. تفضل الله علي بان جعلني طالبا للدكتوراه في كلية الاداب - قسم اللغة العربية - جامعة بغداد، ولابد لكل طالب ان يختار موضوعا يقدم فيه اطروحة الدكتوراه، فيسر الله لي الوصول الى | IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST MECIFUL, THE MOST GRACIOUSPraised be Allah and His last of the Messengers (peace be upon him) …Allah blessed me and made me a PhD student in the College of Arts/Department of Arabic Language - University of Baghdad. Each researcher is required to choose a subject to write a thesis on, with the support of Allah I found the Book Script of (The Trails in the Answers of the Objections) for Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi (dated after 831 Hijra), I was able to find five hand written copies of the original script.The plan of the study is : PART ONE : A STUDY OF THE AUTHOR AND THE BOOKChapter One : (The Pillars of the Trails : their lives and influences) : This chapter examined the translations of Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi, Al Zamakhshari, Al Kutub Al Razi and Jamal AlDin Al ‘aksra’i.Chapter Two : (The Trails Book : Definition and Characterization) : This chapter examined the title of the book, descent, reason of writing, resources and evidences, the method of the author and his Syntactic Doctrine, the significance of the book and the variety of its researches.Chapter Three : This chapter is given the title (Syntactic Researches in the parts of the word) which examined the questions of the nouns, verbs and prepositions.Chapter Four : In this chapter I examined the question related to the Making of the Syntax, the questions in the meanings of Grammar, I also added other different Grammatical problems, that is why it was given the title (Grammatical Problems).Chapter Five : (Characterization of the copies of the Script and the Method of the investigation). A copies of the copies of the Script are attached to this chapter.PART TWO : EXAMINED THE INVESTIGATED TEXT.I finalized my research with a conclusion that recorded the significant results of the study, supported with a list of art references for the material included in the investigated text.The Characterizations of the research : 1 - The diversity of the problems this book collected, the largest share was related to the Arabic language and linguistics; such as Syntax, phonology, morphology, Semantics, in addition to the problems related to the Science of Quran, and Logical problems.2 - This book is considered the first of the investigations of Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi. Never before this book such an investigation was published, hence the Trails book was the first of such publication and workbooks.3 - Uncovering a grammatical and linguistic character that can be added to the list of our solid linguists who investigated the Science of Al - Quran and published books about it.4 - Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi supported Al Kutub Al Razi in most of the problems, he also appeared to accuse Al A’ksra’i with misrepresentation of sayings, dishonesty, and the lack of authentic original resources. The study of these problems supported with the statements of the authentic authors proved what the Tabrizi concluded in his investigations.5 - The various points of views presented that are related to each one of the problems does not mean that any of them is right and the rest is wrong, they only mean the various point of view that supports the right sides, each of the teams present their opinions and conclusions, and is based on narrated and reasonable evidence that are authentic and proved righteous. I ask thankfully Allah be praised to always show me the right way

دراسة الرواية العربية ونقدها في رسائل الماجستير في اقسام اللغة العربية بجامعة بغداد 2004 - 2013م == A Study Of The Arabic Novel And Its Criticism In The M.A. Theses In The Departments Of Arabic Of The Univeristy Of Baghdad 2004 - 2013

Author name: زهراء جاسم كاظم جاسم
Supervisor name: نجم عبد الله كاظم الدايني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The critical and academic studies demonstrated a great interest in the Arabic novel and exerted much efforts in the search, analysis and follow up of its different types, elements, artistic techniques, and narrative structure, that's why we proposed that our study be centered on the academic studies that focused on the Arabic novel through the search and analysis depending on criticizing the criticism. Our concern was limited to the M.A. theses in the department of Arabic in the University of Baghdad in the time period (2004 - 2013). The study has been divided into three chapters and twenty theses discussing in their content different concepts of the novel have been investigated. The study starts with a preface having three axes. The first has to do with literature, and the literary genres, and the second is related to the novel, criticizing and illustrating the stages the novel passed through since its rise until we received it the way it is and as has been studied in the thesis. The third axis contained an introduction of criticizing criticism, its concept and essentials. The first chapter (studying the contents and the subjects) has been divided into three sections introduced by a preliminary section clarifying the importance of the contents for the realistic novel in specific and for the novel in general. The study, in the first section, deals with subjects related to the (city and the society) dealt with by most of the university theses. The second section, on the other hand, dealt with the subjects related to (the exile, and the diaspora) after being considered by the academic researcher a phenomenon that pervade the Arabic novel in general, and the Iraqi novel in specific as a result of the wars and the policies of the governing regimes. The third section was dedicated to the (hero and the human models) that has a vital and fundamental role in the society and its social issues including the class, cultural and moral disparity The second chapter (studying the artistic structure) started with an introduction clarifying the importance of the narrative form in the structure of the novel. This chapter has been divided into two sections, the first one was dedicated to studying the artistic elements of the novel (time, place and character). The second section was concerned with studying the artistic techniques of the novel such as (ways of introducing the characters, a description and a dialogue) according to what the M.A. theses have addressed. The third chapter, on the other hand, (the viewpoint and the narrative structure) has an introduction clarifying the importance of the narrative structure and the importance of the narration. The chapter has been divided into three sections. The first section is related to the (narrative structure elements) including the narrator, the narrated, and a narrated to. The second section, in its turn, is related to (viewpoint and the narrative types) while the third section dealt with the (narrative structure) and what it implies of language, style, and structure arrangements. The research has ended with a number of findings listed in its conclusion.

انماط الصورة الشعرية عند شعراء مملكة بني عباد : دراسة تحليلية == Patterns Of Poetic Image Of The Poets Of The Kingdom Of Banu Abad Analytical Study

Author name: رسل قاسم مهدي عبد
Supervisor name: انوار مجيد سرحان السوداني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study included the absolute importance in the start of image and its development stages throughout the ages and how to employ them by the poets of Banu Abad kingdom in the poetic production. The study is in three chapters preceded by an introduction under the title (the concept of poetic image) for the old and modern Arab and Western critics, it also discussed in a short manner the political, economic, literary, and social life of Banu Abad kings, while the three chapters , the first chapter entitled (the resources of poetic image) which is divided into four sections, the first one dealt with (the religious source) represented by the Holy Quran, Quranic Stories, Prophetic Hadith, the second section entitled (the literary source) which dealt with inclusion of poetry and Arab proverbs, while the third section entitled (the historical source) and the fourth section entitled (the nature) which is divided into still and moving. The second chapter entitled (the types of poetic image) as it included three sections the first one dealt with the sensual image from visual , audio, olfactory gustatory and tactile, the second section entitled (the individual image) and the third section (the holistic image). The third chapter entitled (the characteristics of the poetic image) which is divided into four sections the first one tackled the (employment of movement), the second section (employment of color), the third section (employment of location), and the fourth section (employment of time) the study is rounded off with a conclusion for the most important results that the study have reached at through this long journey of research, followed by a list of references used in the study.

محمد ضاري حمادي وجهوده اللغوية == Mohammed Dhari Hammadi : His Linguistic Efforts

Author name: خالد عبد الله حسين
Supervisor name: كيان احمد حازم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present thesis discusses the linguistic efforts of Dr. Mohammed Dhari Hammadi; his characteristic, legacy, approach and efforts. It collected the linguistic literature found in his books, researches and essays, then studied them. The study adopted, in the manifestation of the efforts of Dr. Hammadi, the analytical descriptive method, which the researcher believes the best approach for such a study. The descriptive approach represents an investigation of the data, description and classification in accordance with the chapters of the study. The researcher entitled the study (Mohammed Dhari Hammadi and his Linguistic Efforts) which is comprised of an introduction, two chapters and conclusion. In the introduction, the autobiography and scientific efforts of Dr. Mohammed Dhari Hammadi were discussed. Chapter one studies Dr. Mohammed's studies concerning the nature of language. The chapter is divided into two sections; section one which is entitled (His efforts within General Linguistics) is comprised of three sub - divisions; the first of which discusses (his efforts in criticizing the idiomatic naming of new linguistics), the second (His efforts in highlighting the position of new linguistics among new studies), whereas the third deals with (His efforts in highlighting the geographic approach in the study of language). Section two, which is entitled (His efforts in Arabic Linguistics) is divided into two subsections; the first investigates (His efforts in the nature of language), whereas the second investigates (His efforts in studying Arabic vocabularies and structures). Chapter two is entitled (His efforts in linguistic correction). It is divided into two sections; section one which is entitled (His efforts in the legacy of linguistic correction and standards) is divided into two subsections, the first of which studies (His efforts in the legacy of linguistic correction), whereas the second (His efforts in the standards of linguistic correction). Section two, which is entitled (His efforts in the indications of linguistic correction and investigations), is of three subsections; the first of which discusses (His efforts in investigating aspects), the second studies (His efforts of investigating structures) whereas the third discusses (His efforts in investigating semantics and dictation). The conclusion manifests the findings of the study. Finally the list of sources and resources comes.

الحقول الدلالية في شعر ابن هانئ الاندلسي (ت 362هـ) == The References Of The Fields In The Poetry Of Ibn Hanil Al - Andaluci

Author name: حسن جاسب فاتح المحمداوي
Supervisor name: عماد محمد محمود
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis tackled the study the aspirating of the poet Ibn Hani'i Al - Andaluci in the light of referential fields theory, which state that to understand ward we must understand group of wards related to it in reference or have relation to the meaning of this ward, to get the accurate definition of it, i.e. we must know the referencing relations to the wards which are connected in certain referential field. The thesis came in an introduction, preface, three chapters and conclusion. As for the preface, it came in two parts. The first : we tackled the referencing fields theory, then the roots of this theory in the Arabic heritage, then the talk about this theory for western language scientists, and show the general principles , and the types of referencing fields inside the encyclopedia field, and talk about the value and merits of this theory. The second : we tackled the identification of Inb Hani'i Al - Andaluci, his life, raising, the cause of his death, what was said about him by historians and artists, and the most important features and purposes of his poetry. As for the first chapter it was under the title "The Utterances of the rigid nature" and was subdivided into four inquires, the first the utterances of earth field, the second : the utterances of the natural phenomena, the third tackled the field of heavens, and the fourth the utterance of acqua.The second chapter came under the title of "Movable nature" under three inquiries, the first tamed animals, the second the wild animals and the third tamed and wild birds, and also the crawleds and in scents.As for the third chapter, it came under title "The utterances of materialistic civilization " and include three inquiries, the first studied the arms and what related utterances, the second tackled the utterances of fragrances and jewelries, and the third the fiels of clothes, textiles and furnishings.And we ended the study with conclusion dedicated for the results which we reached

الجسد في القران الكريم : دراسة سيميائية == The Body In The Holy Qur'an A Semiotic Study

Author name: جاسم جعیز منخي
Supervisor name: عبير بدر عبد الستار
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The body has codes which can sometimes be deciphered and sometimes cannot depending on the nature of the communication between the sender and the receiver and the message type. The researcher chose the sample of his study from the Holy Qura'n using a semiotic model which is the most suitable for analyzing Qur'anic texts.The reason behind choosing body is its expressive power which makes it a language not less important than the spoken language.The aim of the study is to explore : 1.the reason behind Allah's choice of body signs and adding them to Himself.2.the impact of body movements on the psychological, social and cultural dimensions of communication whether positively or negatively.3.the attempt to identify the nearest interpretation to the essence of the text following the contexts in which the body signs are mentioned. 4. identify the controversy over the ternary relationship(Allah, Man and the universe). The study is expected to answer the questions related to body and its relationship to Allah and the universe in attempt to fill in the gap in understanding the interrelationship between the triplex of existence (God, Man and nature) The dissertation falls into four chapters headed by an introduction. The first chapter is a literature review about semiotics and the body.Chapter two discusses the body signs used to describe the Almighty Allah and the reason for using body icons in the description of Allah to pinpoint the connection between Man and Allah.The third chapter is dedicated to body in two ways : the first concerns the dialogue of the human body with itself; the second deals with the dialogue of the body with the other to explore the implication of the expressive capacity of the body.The fourth chapter deals with the attempt to realize the nature of the relationship between the body and nature as ground, plant and clothing and the researcher has also attempted to answer the question about the impact of nature on the body with regard to form and meaning.Finally, the study ends with a conclusion pointing out the researcher's findings.

حكايات المال في كتاب (الفرج بعد الشدة) للقاضي التنوخي (ت 384هـ) : دراسة في الازمة والحل == The Tales Of Money In The Book Al - FarajB’ad Al - Shida By Al - Qadhi Al - Tanoukhi( 384 A.H) A Study Of The Crisis And Solution

Author name: بشرى سلام عبد الرضا
Supervisor name: انعام فائق محيي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis entitled "The Money Tales in the Book "AlFaraj baed AlShida" by AlTanouxi : A Study of the Problem and its Solution". It studies money tales which involves hardships or caused by it; and how things are getting well by assisting factors. AlTanouxi has divided his book into fourteen chapters; each chapter deals with a specific type of hardships such as prison, sickness, in love, etc. It is limited to those tales dealing with money and how money is instrumental in life incidents and moving characters; sometimes the money is part of the problem when the character is lacking it as in the case of being idle or extravagant, and sometimes the money is the main cause of a hardship caused as in the case of being greedy leading to be in prison or homeless. Such money hardship has been a real obstacle or problem for the lovers, and sometimes the lover is impelled to sell his slave beloved. This hardship can be overcome the moment the money being available and the character gradually feels rested. The study reveals that money dominates the behavior of characters as being the sole cause by means of which conflict is ignited. The study has three chapters preceded by an introduction. Chapter one has dealt with the money as an urgent need in human life. Chapter two has been concerned with the hardships caused by the need for money like the prison, murder sickness, etc. whereas chapter three is limited to the narrative structure employed in tales. Thus, chapters one and two are about the storytelling while chapter three is concerned with the storytelling structure
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