Author name:
هناء سلمان كاظم
Supervisor name:
طه جاسم الطه | علي فالح الاسدي
Abstract:
The present study aimed to determine the levels of adiponectin and apelin and their relations with all parameters. Investigation in the present study included; hormones, lipid profile, liver enzymes activity and haematological profile in groups of Iraqi Basrah pregnant women during different months of pregnancy and to correlate these levels to maternal age, Body Mass Index, excepted parity and sex of fetuses and correlated with level of adiponectin and apelin hormones only and the results were compared with non - pregnant females as control group. The present study included (180) women ranging from 20 - 40 years old, out of them (70) pregnant and (20) non - pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs), and (90) females non - pregnant were considered as control group. The pregnant women attended the obsteric units in the general state hospitals in Basra Governorate. They are as follows : Al - Basra General Hospital for Maternity and Childhood, Al - Mawane, Al - Fayha’a and Basra General Hospital which drain most patients from urban and rural areas. None of the selected women suffered from any type of disease. Required data were collected by the researcher depending on direct interview with women before being admitted to the study, using a questionnaire including information on age, parity, month of pregnancy, and geographical area..The Women were divided into two age group (≤ 27 and ≥28 years). Moreover, females were also divided according to BMI into normal (≤ 25), over weight (25 - 30) and Obese (≥30).The month of gestation was determined not only from the date of the women’s last menstruation (LMP) but also according to the ultrasonic reports that pregnant women had. Blood samples (10 ml) were taken from pregnant women at the end of each month of pregnancy and from control group as well as from women with PCOs. Each blood sample was divided into EDTA tube (2 ml) which was used for complete hematological picture study (RBC, Hb, PCV, PLT, WBCs count and WBCs differential count) and the plain tube (8 ml) where the serum was obtained, for biochemical study (Adiponectin, Apelin, testosterone, Progesterone, estradiol, follicular stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, insulin, lipid profile and liver enzymes).The results indicated that maternal age had no significant effect on the level of adiponectin, apelin, FSH and LH hormones, while the study showed a significantly effect on level of progesterone, estradiol, testosterone and insulin hormones between pregnant and non - pregnant women. Adiponectin levels decreased in pregnant and non - pregnant females with increased body mass index whereas apelin, estradiol, progesterone and insulin levels increased. When the comparison between pregnant and non - pregnant women was done, a decrease in adiponectin and apelin was noticed. Accompanied by an increase in the level of estradiol, testosterone, progesterone and insulin hormones in pregnant women compared to non - pregnant women.Women with PCOs showed low levels of both Adiponectin and apelin with high levels of Testosterone and Insulin.Results also revealed that age had no effect on total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL, in both pregnant and non - pregnant females, but when the BMI was taken in consideration, high levels of these parameters were found in - group of BMI (obese). In addition, the present study showed that age had no effect on liver enzymes (AST and ALT) while ALP showed that the behavior increased up as a different high body mass index in pregnant women, in comparison with the control group. However, ALP activity also increased in high BMI group.Hematological study showed that age had no effect on RBC, Platelets, and hematocrit. Similar results were found when BMI was taken in consideration. Total WBCs showed a non - significant increase in pregnant women as compared with the control group. Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in pregnant females carrying female fetuses compared to those with male fetuses, while the other hormone apelin did not differ between the two groups. The Result of the present study revealed that adiponectin was significantly decreased as apelin was significantly increased with the increased parity.
