البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

المستخلص: تعد الصيرفة الشاملة من الموضوعات المصرفية المهمة التي خطيت باهتمام كبير من قبل المصارف التجارية على المستوى العالمي خلال السنوات الاخيرة، فقد نضج خلال تلك السنوات توجه عن اهمية تطوير الاطار الهيكلي للمصارف التجارية بما يدعم التحول نحو الصيرفة الشاملة.ن | Universal Banking is considered as one of the important banking issues which have received a great attention from the international commercial banks during the last few years. This has resulted in a tendency towards the importance of developing the structure of the commercial banks in a manner which enhances the change towards the universal banking. Due to the importance of the banking sector in developing the world economies, Iraq had always been in need for adopting the System of Universal banking under the international challenges which it faces for its recent and future circumstances. Among This importance , this research was initiated , based on the following hypothesis : - " Inspire of adopting the universal banking system by the Iraqi banks , after the issue of Law No. ( 22 ) in 1997 , the Iraqi banks are Still lacking some deficiencies and weaknesses , which were the hurdles in front of the transition Process to Universal banks " The research focuses on one of the main issues of banking management, attempting to evaluate the performance of those banks which adopted. the universal banking system. Due to the importance of the banking sector in developing the Iraqi economy , Iraq is in need for adopting the system of Universal banking under the recent and future challenges. In order to reach the required aim of research for evaluating the performance , the researcher has taken detailed observations and conclusions of the ongoing progress and transactions which were taking place in ( Iraq stock Exchange ) Market through close work for several days , Where by all comments were made and revised with the sample banks ( Middle East investment bank and the commercial bank of Iraq ) to reach some conclusions adequate to the aim of research. the researcher has reached several conclusions , the most important of which are : 1. The state support , through the support of the central Bank of Iraq , to all Iraqi banks is crucial to secure the success of the banks in applying the theory of universal banking.2. The trend of universal banking has its Supporters and its opposes. The supporters try to concentrate on the systems advantages which include the variation policy of resources and uses and the ability to enter into big projects and work under the umbrella of big scale economies with achieving safety and profitability to these institutions , where as the opposes try to concentrate on the system's disadvantages represented the political and economic centralization and the aeration of competition, weakness of control , hiding of loosing activities the contradiction of interests and difficulty of performance evaluation. 3. Universal Banking needs ( amongst others ) the big entry of the commercial banks into the investment field , represented by establishing companies and to build an investment portfolio containing different stocks. This requires the banks to play a big role in the stock market to the extent of Creating this market, instead of abiding themselves by only making deposits in the foreign banks and buying and selling the Which are offered by the central bank of Iraq. 4. The transition of the Iraqi banks to the system of universal banking represents a great necessity to develop the money markets because it helps increasing the liquidly , depth and extent of these markets. 5. the main strategic challenge which faces the financial and banking sector in the following years is of two folds : the first of which is a structural connected to the presence of the sector it self and raising its ability to face the age of electronic banking and investment, and the second is functional connected to move the financial resources which are necessary to meet the requirements of the era of financing the economic development.