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الاحتجاج الصرفي عند شراح الشافية في القرن الثامن الهجري == Morphological Evidence According To Al - Shafiya's Interpreters In The Eighth Hijri Century

Author name: باسم محمد عيادة الحلفي
Supervisor name: ليث داود سلمان
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The researcher may be tired and aware of his transfer from a chapter or a subject to another or from a science to another, but all this disappears when he gets the results of the study. When the result is the fruit of his labor and long efforts, his transition is nothing but comfort and pleasure. Of the most important findings of the study are as follows : - The evidence is a mental behavior to which a person is entitled in matters that deprive him of proving or denying it by means of various mental evidence based on general principles and rules that cannot be proven or denied. - The study proves that the evidence proves the speech of the author of his honesty, such as the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Prophet (peace be upon him) and the words of the Arabs before his mission, in his time, and beyond. - It confirms that the witness and citation are no different from the evidence in terms of concept, both are linguistic evidence used by the grammarians to either confirm or deny. Therefore, between the evidence and the citation in general and specific due to the fact that they are equal in meaning and use, both are equal in that they prove the validity of the rule and opinion. However, the study proves that this general referred to as not being launched, there is another view is that the evidence is more than the citation because it is mind and transport either citation is only by transformation. - What has been proven in the study is that there are some terms that are very close to the two terms of evidence and citation : representation, ideals and examples. - What the study confirms is the use of large - scale the term evidence by the ancient scientists, but they expressed it in different words like cited, proving citation, and argument, and many more. - The study shows that there are many bases that are supported in the evidence by scientists that can be referred to as sources of evidence, which are generally transient and mental. The first, such as the Quran, Hadith of the prophet, and his evidence, and poetry and prose of the Arabs, proverbs and dialects. The second deals with analogy and morphology. There is a third type that does not include them, and this is what we call the other evidence. - What we have reached in our results is that the interpreters did not get out of the circles of the temporal and spatial evidence. They cited with the rules established and ruled by the grammarians in which they may be invoked, and the tribes did not depart from the tribes in which the eloquence and the statement from which the evidence is taken.

التناص في كتاب العقد الفريد لابن عبد ربه 328 هـ

Author name: مها هلال محمد ال احمادي
Supervisor name: عبد الرحمن فرهود جساس | كاظم فاخر حاجم الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: يعد كتاب العقد الفريد من الكتب التراثية ، التي تحمل كثيرا من القضايا المخباة في طياته ، التي تتناغم مع ما موجود اليوم في الساحة الادبية والنقدية ؛ مما جعله مدعاة الى الخوض في غماره ، ومحاولة استجلاب عدة التناص النقدية ، واخضاع عينات العقد الفريد ، الاخبارية المتنوعة والمختلفة الى تلك العدة ، ورؤية مدى التوافق الحاصل بين نظرية اليوم ، متمثلة بالتناص ، ورؤية الامس ، متمثلة باشارات تناصية مختلفة ، وكيفية تعامل اللسان العربي معها ، كل ذلك سنجده ماثلا في العنوان الموسوم بـ (التناص في كتاب العقد الفريد لابن عبد ربه ت 328 ه) . وقد قسمت البحث على اربعة فصول ، مسبوقة بمقدمة وتمهيد بعنوان (التناص) ، كان الفصل الاول بعنوان (العقد الفريد) ، شمل ثلاثة مباحث : الاول تناول المؤلف والعقد الفريد ، اما المبحث الثاني فقد ناقش دواعي التاليف والعنونة ، في حين سلط المبحث الثالث ضوءه على المنهج والروافد الفكرية والمرجعيات الادبية للكاتب . يعقبه الفصل الثاني بعنوان (تقنيات التناص) في خمسة مباحث : المبحث الاول بعنوان التناص الاجتراري ، والمبحث الثاني بعنوان التناص الامتصاصي ، اما المبحث الثالث فكان عنوانه التناص الحواري ، يليه المبحث الرابع بعنوان التناص الاستدعائي او تناص المزاوجة في حين يتناول المبحث الخامس التناص الاشاري . يليه الفصل الثالث بعنوان (اشكال التناص) جاء في مبحثين : المبحث الاول : التناص الديني ، والمبحث الثاني : التناص التراثي . ثم الفصل الرابع المعنون بـ (مقاصد الانزياح التناصي) وكان في جانبين : الاول : الجانب النظري تناولت فيه : المقصدية ، والانزياح ، والعلاقة بين المقصدية والانزياح . اما الجانب الثاني تناولت فيه ، مقاصد الانزياح التناصي في اربعة مباحث ، هي : مقاصد سياسية ، ومقاصد انكاتية ، ومقاصد وصفية ، ومقاصد متنوعة . ثم خاتمة تضمنت ابرز نتائج الاطروحة ، وابرز التوصيات المقترحة للدراسات التراثية اللاحقة ، سواء للعقد الفريد ام لغيره من كتب التراث العربي ، ثم قائمة بالمراجع والمصادر التي افاد منها البحث في رحلته ، مرورا بفقرة الملخص باللغة الانكليزية وانتهاء به . اما بالنسبة الى اهم المصادر التي يلجا لها الباحث في بحثه ، فكانت تعاني القلة وصعوبة الاختيار ، بين اسماء متنوعة ، لكن برصيد مستهلك ومكرر ، وهذه النقطة من النقاط الملموسة والمحسوسة ، حتى ان القارئ يجد نفسه امام كتاب واحد ، وليس كتبا متعددة ؛ لتكرار المعلومة ذاتها ؛ ولذلك جاءت تنظيراتي بعيدة نوعا ما ، عما يتلمسه القارئ في اثناء ازدحامات التنظير في الاطاريح الجامعية ؛ لذلك كانت اختياراتي محاطة بنوع من الدقة والتاني ، فضلا عن الايجاز ، الذي معه يجد المتلقي ما يبتغيه دونما اسراف او اطالة . واذا كان من مصدر خدمني وبقي لي رفيقا في اطروحتي ، فهو كتاب العقد الفريد باجزائه التسعة ، محاولة البحث عما يغني الموضوع ويسدد خطواته ويخدم خطته ومباحثه . اما المنهج المتبع في الاطروحة فهو المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ؛ كونه اقرب المناهج النقدية في دراستي البحثية . اذ حاول الباحث تجاوز المالوف في تلك الدراسات قدر الامكان ، والبحث في مجال المسكوت عنه ، في الجوانب التطبيقية للتناص ؛ ولان البحث قد حمل خصيصة للتناص ، ميزته عن سمة التناص الاعتيادي او المتواتر ، ووسمته بسمة الشعرية ، كان لزاما ان نجد طريقا اخر يختلف عن الطريق الذي تبنته الدراسات السابقة ؛ لابراز سمة التناصية في كتاب العقد الفريد وخصوصيتها ، عبر طرح خطة تتناول الجانب المالوف ، ثم محاولة اكمال المسير في تناول جانب اخر ، غير مطروح او متداول في الدراسات التناصية ؛ ولانني امام ابراز شعرية للتناصات الواردة في كتاب العقد الفريد ، تبنيت فكرة المقصدية ومدى ارتباطها وتعالقها مع قضية الوظيفة التناصية ، ومدى فقدان تلك الاخيرة في الدراسات التطبيقية التناصية . وفي الختام اود ان اتقدم بالشكر الجزيل ، لكل من وقف الى جانبي في محنة المرض ، وتساقط الهموم والاحزان ، شكرا لله  اولا واخرا ، ولنبينا محمد ولاهل بيته الكرام الطيبين الغر المنتجبين  ، والشكر للاستاذين المشرفين ، الاستاذ الدكتور عبد الرحمن فرهود جساس ، والاستاذ الدكتور كاظم فاخر حاجم الخفاجي ، على تواصلهما ومتابعتهما لي طوال مدة الدراسة ، فلهما مني اجمل الاماني بالخير والنماء ، والتوفيق والسداد في قابل الايام | This thesis sheds the lights on poetics of Intertextuality in ( Book of Unique decade to Ibn Abd Rabo 328 A.H) . There are a set of questions which need to study them. 1 - The book of unique decade is one of the most important books in old Arabic heritage, and it is in demand for its great importance. 2 - There are multiple intertextual materials. The researcher wants to make them prominent for the reader on the level of techniques , forms and needs. These two reasons made the researcher dedicate most of his time to look for and research in this domain.The researcher classified his thesis into four parts : Introduction and preface under the title " Poetic Forms and Intertextuality" and these parts as follows : Chapter one : This chapter contains three researches : - - The first research is "The author and the unique decade" - - The second research is " The purposes of authorship and rubric - - The third research is " Syllables, intellectual resources and it's reference Chapter two : Techniques of Intertextuality in four different researches which arranged as follows : - - The first research : The alajtarara Intertextuality. - - The second research : Absorption or intake Intertextuality. - - The third research : dialogic Intertextuality - - The fourth research : The recommended or matching research. - - The fifth research : The Intertextuality of Signs. Chapter three : Forms of Intertextuality can be divided into three studies. - - The first research : The religious and holy Intertextuality. - - The second research : The intertextuality with ample examples. - - The third research : The historical Intertextuality. - A - Chapter four : This chapter highlights on the purposes or goals of intertextual displacement and the connected relationship between them. It studies four researches : - - The first research : Political Purposes. - - The second research : Pleasurable Purposes. - - The third research : Descriptive purposes. - - The fourth research : Varied Purposes. In this chapter the researcher concludes all his ideas in four chapters as follows. The researcher wants to convey a very clear reflection or embodiment about the unique book for Abd Raba in 328 A.H. The researcher focuses on the poetics of Intertextuality which are available in author's works. All these works reflect many prominent merits of innovation and aesthetical styles of expressions. Also, the researcher aims to get an idea about how to make a well - formed intertextuality, and how to use them in the study from multiple domains, and we request Allah to achieve that successfully

دلالة الخطاب القراني : دراسة في ضوء تعدد الاوجه النحوية

Author name: احمد عبد الله نوح
Supervisor name: حامد ناصر عبود الظالمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Wasit University - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في النحو العربي == Considering the Nonexistent and Canceling the Existent

Author name: حسين علي محمد الموسوي
Supervisor name: سعدون احمد علي الربعي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: فان ثمة ظواهر لغوية ونحوية كثيرة ما زالت بها حاجة الى مزيد من الدراسة والبحث والتنقيب، ولعل ظاهرة (المعدوم والموجود) احدى هذه الظواهر. فقد تردد ذكر المعدوم والموجود عند النحويين المتاخرين من مثل ابي البركات (ت 577ه)، والسهيلي (ت581ه)، وابن مضاء القرطبي (ت 592ه)، والعكبري (ت 616ه)، والزركشي (ت 794ه) وغيرهم، اذ وردت عبارات مبثوثة في كتبهم تشير الى هذين المصطلحين، نحو قول ابي البركات : ((الاسم لا يرفعه الراافع موجود غير معدوم))، وقول العكبري : ((التقدير اعطاء المعدوم حكم الموجود))، وقول الزركشي : ((جواب الشرط اصله الفعل المستقبل، وقد يقع ماضيا...اكتفاء بالموجود عن المعدوم)). فعقدت العزم على متابعة هذين المصطلحين ودلالتيهما واستعمالاتهما في المظان اللغوية والنحوية باشارة من استاذي المشرف الذي اقترح علي هذا الموضوع. وقد تبين لي بعد احصاء اولي انهما قد وردا في مواضع محدودة في اثار النحويين واللغويين المتاخرين، فحاولت جمع شتاتهما ليستويا في موضوع يدرس هذه الظاهرة ويعالجها ليكون عنوانا لاطروحتي، اذ استقر الامر ان توسم بـ(اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في النحو العربي). لذلك يمكنني القول ان اهم سمة في هذا الموضوع انه جديد في بابه، وانه يعالج ظاهرة نحوية لم يات النحويون على ذكرها بالصورة التي تناولتها، نعم ربما بحثت معظم موضوعاته ولكن بكيفية مختلفة عن التي في دراستي هذه؛ ذلك انني اشترطت وجود ركنين في هذه الدراسة، الركن الاول يتمثل بالمعدوم النحوي الذي يسند له العمل او العلة، والركن الثاني يتمثل بالموجود الظاهر والمتلفظ به الذي يلغى ليحل الاول محله، وهذا موضوع جديد في جملته وتفصيله وبابه، وهذه دراسة بكر لم اجد احدا قد تناولها بالبحث والدراسة. ولا بد هاهنا من الاشارة الى انني لم ابحث في المسائل التي ورد فيها ذكر للمعدوم والموجود بلفظه فحسب، بل اتت الدراسة على مسائل لم يكن فيها ذكر لهما؛ ذلك ان معنى المعدوم والموجود حاضر في تلك المسائل على وفق هذه الدراسة، وقد اشرت الى ذلك في التمهيد بصورة لا لبس فيها. وتجدر الاشارة الى انني حرصت على ان تكون اراء متقدمي النحويين لاسيما الخليل وسيبويه حاضرة في المسائل التي تناولتها بالبحث، وذلك بالرجوع فيها الى مظانهم، والتحري فيها. وبعد ان جمعت المادة من مصادرها ومظانها، ووضعتها في مواضعها اقتضت طبيعة البحث والمادة المجموعة ان يكون موزعا على ثلاثة فصول تسبقها مقدمة وتمهيد، وتنتهي بخاتمة وثبت بالمصادر والمراجع.المقدمة : بينت فيها طبيعة الموضوع واهميته، ودواعي اختياري له، واجزاء البحث، وغير ذلك مما تقتضيه مقدمات الرسائل الجامعية.التمهيد : عرفت فيه بـ(المعدوم والموجود)، عند اللغويين، ثم ذكرت استعمال المفهومين عند الاصوليين، وتتبعت بعد ذلك ورودهما عند النحويين، لاختم التمهيد بوضع تعريف لكل من (المعدوم النحوي)، و(الموجود النحوي). الفصل الاول : جعلته بعنوان (اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في الاسماء)، وقسمته على مبحثين، تناولت في الاول منهما اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في الاسماء المبنية، وكان المبحث الثاني لدراسة الظاهرة في الاسماء المعربة.الفصل الثاني : جعلته بعنوان (اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في الافعال)، وقسمته على مبحثين، تناولت في الاول منهما اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في الافعال المبنية، اما المبحث الثاني فكان لدراسة الظاهرة في الافعال المعربة.الفصل الثالث : جعلته بعنوان (اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في الحروف)، وقسمته على مبحثين كذلك، تناولت في الاول منهما اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في حروف الجر، وتناولت في المبحث الثاني اعتبار المعدوم والغاء الموجود في حروف النصب والجزم. اما الخاتمة فقد اودعتها اهم المحاور والافكار والنتائج التي انتهى اليها البحث، وتلا ذلك ثبت بالمصادر والمراجع. فان كان في ما كتبت ما يحسن، فهو من فضل ربي ومنه، ثم لمن رعاني طالبا وباحثا، الا وهو استاذي المشرف الفاضل الدكتور سعدون احمد الربعي - ابقاه الله ذخرا للعربية وطلابها - وان كانت الاخرى فانما هو من تقصير النفس العاجزة عن بلوغ الكما | Arabic Syntax has been established on cause : grammarians look for reason whenever there is a need for it. They compared syntactic causes to sensory reasons, as al - Anbari says. It is not strange to see grammarians looking for a word or a structure that comes in a certain form. If this cause is not existent , they try to estimate it. But strangely enough, they sometimes search for a cause or a factor in spite of their existence : they cancel their effects and bring forward what is parallel to the existent or what is similar to it. This is to maintain the symmetry of their rules in spite of its artificiality.The main idea of this subject is built on the concept that the grammarians estimate a cause or a factor that does not exist. This phenomenon appears among the most grammarians. So, this study pursues that phenomenon in both old and recent grammar books. It consists of an introduction, three chapters, an epilogue and list of references.Introduction : shows the nature of the subject and its importance, its parts and the reasons why the research chose it. The preface defines this phenomenon and the reasons why the grammarians adopted it.Chapter one : considering the nonexistent and cancelling the existent among nouns) is divided into two parts : uninflected nouns and inflected nouns.Chapter two : is also divided into two parts : uninflected verbs and inflected verbs.Chapter three : is concerned with particles, prepositions, then particles of accusative and apocopate.The epilogue : exposes the main axis and the conclusions.The conclusions : are of the nonexistent and the existent which are the basic concepts in syntax developed only recently, as maintained by al - Anbari was their pioneer.The Grammarians do not agree on a definite meaning for(nonexistent).For this reason, Research develop his own definitions : "The nonexistent is an imagine element as it is not articulated. It serves to correct a syntactic rule.The existent is a pronounced element whose meaning is immediately clarified".The research has shown that the nonexistent convers nouns, verbs and particles, and that this interpretation may cause some problems for young learners.It has also shown that the phenomenon may change the meaning or it may lengthen speech unnecessarily

الترجيح النحوي عند المرادي (ت749هـ) في كتبه توضيح المقاصد، والجنى الداني، وشرح التسهيل == Al - Muradi's Grammatical Weighting (died in 749 AH.) in his Books : (Tawdheeh Al - maqasid, Al - Jana Al - Dani and Sharh Al - Tasheel

Author name: حسين عليوي حسين عبود السيلاوي
Supervisor name: اسيل عبد الحسين حميدي الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول هذه الرسالة الترجيح النحوي عند المرادي في كتبه (توضيح المقاصد، والجنى الداني، وشرح التسهيل)، فقد عمد الباحث الى اماطة اللثام عن موقف المرادي النحوي الترجيحي، وبيان الادلة التي اعتمد عليها في ترجيحه، ومصطلحات الترجيح عنده.واقتضت طبيعة البحث ان يكون في مقدمة وتمهيد وبابين وخاتمة، اما المقدمة فافصحت فيها عن سبب اختياري العنوان، وعرضت فيها خطة البحث، وذكرت فيها الدراسات السابقة، واما التمهيد(الترجيح واصول التفكير النحوي عند المرادي) فتناولت فيه مفهوم الترجيح اصطلاحا، وادلة المرادي في الترجيح، ومصطلحات الترجيح النحوي عنده.واشتمل الباب الاول( الترجيح النحوي في المعربات) على اربعة فصول، الفصل الاول (الترجيح النحوي في المرفوعات)، وقد انطوى هذا الفصل على مبحثين اثنين، خص الاول بدراسة الترجيح المتعلق بالمرفوعات في الجملة الاسمية، وخص الثاني بدراسة الترجيح المتعلق بالمرفوعات في الجملة الفعلية.وتناولت في الفصل الثاني (الترجيح النحوي في المنصوبات)، ودرست في الفصل الثالث (الترجيح النحوي في المجرورات)، وضم هذا الفصل مبحثين اثنين، اولهما وظفته لدراسة المجرور بحرف جر، وثانيهما جعلته مختصا بدراسة المجرور بالاضافة.وتناولت في الفصل الرابع (الترجيح النحوي في مسائل اخرى) وكان على مبحثين ايضا، درست في المبحث الاول الترجيح النحوي في المجزومات، وبحثت في المبحث الثاني الترجيح النحوي في التوابع.اما الباب الثاني( الترجيح النحوي في المبنيات)، فقد توزع على ثلاثة فصول، كان الترجيح النحوي في الاسماء من نصيب الفصل الاول، وكان الترجيح النحوي في الافعال من حظ الفصل الثاني، اما الفصل الثالث فقد عرضت فيه الترجيح النحوي في الحروف، فضم مباحث ثلاثة، كان المبحث الاول في الاحرف الاحادية، وكان الثاني في الاحرف الثنائية، وكان الثالث في الاحرف الثلاثية وما زاد عليها.وجاءت الخاتمة تحمل اهم ما خرجت به هذه الدراسة من نتائج | This thesis deals with (The Grammatical Weighting In Al Muradi Books : Tawdheeh Almaqasid, Al Juna Al Dani and Sharh Al Tasheel). The researcher intended to findout Al Muradi's point of view about the grammatical weighting; and also to know his proofs and idioms in weighting. The structure of the study has an introduction, a preface, two parts, and a conclusion. In the introduction, I explain why I have chosen such a topic, show the frame work of the study, and mention the previous studies. In the preface ( Weighting and the Roots of the Grammatical Thinking of Al Muradie) has dealt with the concept of weighting from the point of view of language and idioms; and Al Muradi's proofs, fields and idioms of weighting.The first part (the grammatical weighting in Al Mo'arabat) consisted of four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the grammatical weighting in Al Marfooat which focused on two points : the weighting of Al Marfooat in the noun sentences, and the weighting of Al Marfooat in the verb sentences. The second chapter dealt with the grammatical weighting in Al Mansoobat; and the third chapter dealt with the grammatical weighting in Al Majroorat which focused on two points : studying the noun after the preposition, and studying the genitive noun. Whereas the fourth chapter dealt with another two points : the grammatical weighting in Al Majzoomat; and that in Al Tawabe'a. The second part (the grammatical weighting in Al Mabniat) has three chapters. The first chapter dealt with the grammatical weighting in nouns, the second one dealt with the grammatical weighting in verbs, and the third chapter dealt with the letters which consisted of three studying points : the unique, the double, the triple and the quadruple letters.The most important results of this study are : 1 - The researcher found out that Al Muradi was an experienced grammarian who knew a lot about language use and language usage.2 - The researcher found out that Al Muradi preferred to show his work in fine, and because of this reason some of his weighting views has no proof. So the researcher studied the proofs of other grammarians and gave his opinion about them.3 - The researcher noticed that Al Muradi depended on the measuring means less than the hearing means in his proving; and this is not odd because the hearing means represents the essence of the grammatical rules and it is stronger than other means.4 - Al Muradi had followed the way which the modern grammarians followed after him concerning the Quranic reading which he concedered it as a proof in his grammatical analyses in general and in his weighting view points in specific. 5 - As the researcher noticed, Al Muradi was not clannish or hard - liner, but he followed the rules of his career and what he really believed in and proved. So he had free opinions as it is widely explained in this study.6 - The researcher found out that Al Muradi had refered to the works of other grammarians to support his proofs in weighting. He did not mention some of the names of those grammarians either because their works are well known or because he did not care of names in general. 7 - The study found out that Al Muradi was a grammatical facilitator. For instance , his opinion about Aqeel's language point of view concerning using ( La'ala ) as a preposition. Al Muradi thought that if the opinion of Al A'emma concerning it is true, then there is no need to explain it using far away opinions

الاستدلال بالقران لترجيح التوجيه النحوي في كتب معاني القران واعرابه حى نهاية القرن السادس من الهجرة == Inference by Qur'an to Probable the Grammatical Guidance in the Books of Meanings of Qur'an and Its Parsing until the End of Sixth Century of Migration

Author name: صادق كاظم محمد علي الصفار
Supervisor name: صباح عطيوي عبود الزبيدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: The purpose of parsing the text is clear to everyone. So the parser takes on his shoulder to show the statement of the predicative relations among the vocabularies of that text, and his effort is reflected in : The statement of the predicate and the assignor, or the estimation of the term of the structure that has fallen from the structure depending on the understanding of the listener, or to give an expression of the word, or a sign of pronoun, or a semi - sentence, or statement of the type of a word, …etc . This study investigated the grammatical directives of the Qur'anic compounds that were deposited by their authors in books like : (Meanings of the Quran) and (the parsing of the Quran) But this study didn’t deal with all that was directed by the Qur'anic texts , But rather it dealt with the directions which are based on the Qur'anic evidence. So it sought to collect these directions which were in those books under the general title (Inference by the Qur'an to probable the grammatical guidance in the books of the meanings of the Qur'an and its parsing) Note that there was no book written in the meanings of the Quran or its parsing was devoid of inference the Quran by the Quran. Our early scholars 'may Allah have mercy on them' looked at the greatness of the style of this book, which the Arabs were unable to oppose the smallest Sura in it. And thus they gave the ruling of this style on what they couldn’t understand form its texts as if they want to tell that this book is enough to solve what they couldn’t understand. Therefore, the pioneers of the Arab tongue gave the Qur'anic evidence a great deal of attention and admitted that anyone uses Qura'an as his source will be no debatable. The Qur'anic guide ,which has been taken for weighting a grammatical direction, takes different images. They are : the context in both internal and external sides, the Quranic reading , the Qur'anic use and the Qur'anic counterpart in its both verbal and moral credibility.

الحكم بالاقـتضاء للمعنى في القران الكريــم == Judgment of the Required Meaning in the Holy Quran

Author name: محمد حشيش عداي الجوذري
Supervisor name: سعدون احمد علي الربعي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: The researcher in Arabic grammar observes spreading the case of deduction in ( counterpart less ) in many of the grammatical problems as the grammatical reason in which it is deduced on the correction of the grammatical decision or refusing a grammatical rule. The early grammatical depended on this reason and the modern grammatical do not refuse it. the grammatical reason is considered as the successful means in adopting the grammatical decision. It is indeed a just decision and none suspended in its decision, therefore, the grammatical depended on it in Arabic grammar. This reason needs to hard work mind, open - minded and present intuition. The research started looking for this reason in the grammatical books therefore he achieves what he wants in a hard work and got more than thirty grammatical problems which clarify the reason of counterpart less. According to what mentioned previously, the research arranges and classifies all these problem therefore, the present study consist of an introduction, preliminary, there chapters and end - result. The preliminary includes definition of the concept of counterpart less syntactically and semantically. The first chapter deals with the effect of counterpart less in establishing the grammatical decision in nouns. It also consists of two sections. The first section studies the uninflected nouns and the second section deals with inflective nouns. The second chapter is about the effect of counterpart less in establishing the grammatical decision in verbs. It includes two sections. The first one studies the undefective verbs the second is about the defective verbs. Chapter three deals with the counterpart less in letter. It also consists of two sections. The first section studies the active letters while the second is about the unactive letters. The research has been got benefit from the related studies whether they are inside Iraq or abroad so as to enrich the present study. The research has followed the scientific syllabus in this study which represented in collecting the opinions and doctrines in on problem an searching on the reason of uncounterpart and discussing it in a suitable way. The present study has got to some results which are : 1. the reason of counterpart less is the a curate means and a successful way in establishing the grammatical decision and refusing another. 2. the reason of counterpart less emerged with the grammar and the grammar emerged depending on it so both of there are connected. 3. it has been concluded that Al - Basra grammatical school had functioned this reason and used it more than the Al - Kufa grammatical school. 4. the reason of the counterpart less whenever it has a great role in establishing the grammatical decisions but its role doesn't reach to a great grand such as the origion of protest (Ausul AL - Ihtijaj) suchas listening, measuring, agreement and accompanying the case

ترابط المعنى عند ابي حيان في البحر المحيط : دراسة لسانية نصية == Abu Hayyan Al - Andalusi's Meaning Correlation in His Book

Author name: هدى محمد صالح عناد جبار
Supervisor name: سعدون احمد علي الربعي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: This study addresses the meaning correlation in one of the famous interpretations of the Quran which was authored by one of the (Andalus)'s prominent figures in grammar and interpretation : The Interpretation of (Al - Bahr Al - Muheet) by (Abu Hayyan Al - Andalusi) (d. 745 AH).I tried in this study to shed light on the means of linking the meaning related to the text level. After having read the text features with respect to the first criterion which is (script bonding), it appeared that the interpretation included verbal and moral connectors Therefore, I divided the study into two sections : the first one included the means of formal linkage comprising grammatical connectors : (assignment, deletion, and linking tools); and lexical linking tools (lexical redundancy and association), while the second one guarantees the means of conceptual coherence, which is the semantic convenience and relations.The importance of this study is that it represents a model that links the contemporary with the heritage by applying the standards of (Hadith) over a widespread interpretation among the scholars. The study found that (Abu Hayyan) was not just well proficient with the Grammar, but he was familiar with the text and means of text coherence in the Quran. He embraced the views of his predecessors in some occasions and had his own in others.He proved his views based on what Arabs said in poetry and prose, or on other Quranic verses what enhances his outlook of the Koran as a unified text.I noticed that he - in his handling of the grammatical issues - was not violating the grammatical rules. In addition, he did not tend to interpret the Quran in a way violates it outwardly.According to my search, there is no previous study of (Al - Bahr Al - Muheet) related to this aspect, i.e. by searching the means of meaning correlation in the Quranic text. 

الخطاب الحائد في العربية : دراسة في ضوء النظرية التداولية == Alha'id Discourse in Arabic A Study in the Light of the Pragmatic Theory

Author name: جاسم خيري حيدر الحلفي
Supervisor name: محسن حسين علي الخفاجي | قيس حمزة فالح الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: هذه الدراسة تتناول نوعا من الخطاب يبدو غامضا في التراث العربي وهو (الخطاب الحائد)، وهو مصطلح اخترته ليدل على ظاهرة (الحيدة) التي جرى وصفها في العربية بانها تدل على الهرب من الجواب ،او الامتناع عن مطابقة الجواب للكلام السابق او الارسالية السابقة، وعلى الرغم من كثرة تداول هذه الظاهرة على مستوى الجدل والمناظرات او على مستوى اللغة العادية او لغة الخطاب اليومي؛ فمن النادر ان نجد التصريح بها فضلا عن دراستها قديما او حديثا، ويتهيا لي انها ظاهرة لم تنفرد بها العربية ،ولكنها اللغة التي وفرت لها كل الاليات الضرورية لاستعمالها بكفاءة. بعد البحث والتقصي ،وجدت ان هذه الظاهرة لم يبحثها العلماء القدماء ،ولا علماء العصر الحديث ،وتبين ان هذه الظاهرة من الغموض والتعقيد والتداخل الذي لا يمكن معه دراستها الا بمنهج يتصف بالفاعلية والمرونة الكافية لازالة هذا الغموض وكشف هذا الالتباس؛ فاخترت المنهج البراغماتي ليصبح عنوان هذه الاطروحة : (الخطاب الحائد في العربية ،دراسة في ضوء النظرية البراغماتية). ان البحث يتكون من تمهيد ،وخمسة فصول ،سبق بمقدمة ونتائج ختامية ؛ التمهيد كان للتعريف باصول ومفاهيم الخطاب الحائد، وقد جاء للتعريف بمفاصل البحث ،ووجود الظاهرة في التراث، ثم الفصل الاول يتناول الخطاب الحائد في ضوء نظرية السياق ،وهو يتكون من مبحثين؛ الاول اختص بتعيين حقل الخطاب الحائد ،والاخر اختص اليات الخطاب، وكان الفصل الثاني لدراسة الاحالة والتاشير في الخطاب الحائد من طريق ثلاثة مباحث ؛الاول لدراسة الاحالة ،والثاني لدراسة المرجعية العائدية ،والثالث لدراسة الاشاريات، اما الفصل الثالث فهو لدراسة الافتراض المسبق والتضمين من خلال مبحثين يتناولهما، والفصل الرابع تناول دراسة افعال الكلام من خلال مبحثين؛ المبحث الاول ناقش تاسيس مفهوم الفعل الكلامي، وناقش الاخر الفعل الكلامي غير المباشر، وجاء الفصل الخامس لدراسة الاستلزام الخطابي من خلال ثلاثة مباحث؛ الاول منها تناول الاستلزام العرفي، والثاني تناول الاستلزام الحواري، بينما كان الثالث لتناول المبادئ الاضافية. كل مبحث من التي ذكرناها يحتوي على مجموعة من المسائل الفرعية ، حاولت انا من خلالها استكمال بحث الظاهرة. | This study deals with a kind of discourse seems uncertain in the Arab heritage which (Alha'id Discourse), a term chosen for demonstrating the phenomenon (Alhaida) which have been described in Arabic as indicating escape from the answer, or to refrain from matching the answer is the former words or previous consignment, and despite the frequent phenomenon trading at the level of controversy and debates or on the normal level of language or the language of everyday speech; it is rare to find the authorization as well as studied ancient or modern, and preparing me it is a phenomenon that was not unique to Arab, but it is the language that gave her all the necessary mechanisms to be used efficiently. After research and investigation, I found that this phenomenon is not considered by ancient scholars, nor modern scholars era, and show that this phenomenon of ambiguity, complexity and interference that cannot be with him studied only approach is characterized by effective and sufficient flexibility to remove this ambiguity revealed this confusion; I chose to approach the pragmatic to become the title of this thesis : (Alha'id Discourse in Arabic, a study in the light of the pragmatic theory). The search consists of a preface, and the five seasons, already an introduction to final results; a preface was the definition of assets and the concepts of Alha'id discourse, and the first chapter deals with Alha'id discourse in light of the context theory, which consists of two sections; the first singled set Alha'id discourse field, and the other specialized discourse mechanisms, and was the second chapter to the study of reference and Deixis in Alha'id discourse by way of three sections; the first to study the reference, and the second to study the Anaphoric reference, and the third to study Deictic, the third chapter is to study the presupposition and entailment through two sections addressed by, the fourth chapter addressed the study of the speech act through two sections; the first section discussed the creation of the concept of speech act, and discussed other indirect speech act, came fifth chapter to the study of implicature through three sections; the first of which addressed conventional implicature, and the second talk about conversational implicature, while the third was to address the additional principles. All of these sections in which we have mentioned on a group of sub - issues have been included, which I tried to complete the search phenomenon.

الاجماع وخرقه في الدرس النحوي == The breaking Grammatial Consensus

Author name: علاء حسين خضير ظاهر المنصوري
Supervisor name: صباح عطيوي عبود الزبيدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Out of the grammarians' sayings , it has become clear that the consensus is an argument , which is the same as the consensus in other scientific realm , such as the jurisprudence or the foundationalists or in any other science of the Islamic civilization . It is secondary in relation to the origins of grammatology ; and the one who breaks it is to be considered definitely erroneous and , consequently , his saying is not to be relied on . The researcher has seen that most of the grammarians' sayings which have been disseminated throughout their books suggesting a consensus on certain grammatical judgements , were not far away from the break done by more than one grammarian ; therefore , it is often too hard to claim a consensus on certain grammatical judgements , as they occur in the realm of Al - Mo'rabat or in that of Al - Mebniyat , which approximately represent the whole Arabic grammarian , because there is no doubt , after closely looking into the grammarians ' classifieds, you find someone who has broken this or that consensus. It has become evident that most of those who had broken the consensus , hadn't done so without relying on an evidence but they relied on arguments quoted from poetry or prose they had heard from the Arabs , or on the basis of certain texts taken from the Qur'an or the prophet's sayings , or from the Semitic languages or by measuring in accordance to some other grammatical judgement , to enhance a breaker's doctrine within whose frame the breaking has taken place . In some other cases , a breaker relies on the speaker's intention , or on his own linguistic knowledge and independent opinions , in addition to his own craft as a grammarian . Some grammarians announce the consensus breaker's . But in some other cases , they don't mention his name , making us look for the name in their grammatical books . Some of them may mention the title of the book where the grammarian has broken the consensus , but when we turn to it , we don't find the place where the breaking has occurred , instead we find it in another book of the same author . The grammatical consensus had been broken by the heads of Al - Basriya school and Al - Kufiya school as well ; and by some other ancient grammarians . It has been broken , too , by modernist grammarian figures , as it is affirmed in most issues treated by this thesis

الزمان والمكان في ديوان الموشحات الاندلسية : دراسة في الموضوع والفن == Time and space in the office aroused Andalusian A study on the subject and art

Author name: ساهرة عليوي حسين العامري
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم محمد الزرقاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: مما لاشك فيه ان النتاج الادبي بوصفه نشاطا انسانيا يقوم على تواشج العلاقات الزمكانية التي يطبع عليها المبدع افكاره ليشكل نصا جماليا يشع بالمشاعر الانسانية المعبرة عن التجربة الذاتية.. لذا حاولنا جاهدين دراسة الزمان والمكان في ديوان الموشحات الاندلسية الذي يضم مجموعة كبيرة من ابرز وشاحي بلاد الاندلس وعلى مدى العصور، تحقيق سيد غازي وبعد الوقفة التاملية في الديوان اخترت عددا من الوشاحين وجاء الاختيار على اساس غزارة الانتاج وتعدد الموضوعات.سعينا في هذه الدراسة الى استنطاق النص من خلال مختلف ادوات التحليل ووقفنا عند السمات الفنية في النص بوصفه بنية مكتنزة بمحولات فكرية متساوقة مع الاشكال الفنية التي يتزيا بها الموشح لذا اقتضت الطبيعة الاجرائية للبحث توزيعه على تمهيد وثلاثة فصول تطرقت في التمهيد عن المفهوم الزمان والمكان في اللغة والاصطلاح بالاضافة الى اصل الموشح والخلافات التي دارت حوله وعرض نماذج لاهم انواعه.وفي الفصل الاول تحدثت عن الزمن عبر الثنائيات، فكان في مبحثين، اهتم الاول بدراسة ثنائية (الحاضر/الماضي) اما الثاني فدرس ثنائية (الحاضر/ المستقبل).وخصص الفصل الثاني لدراسة توافق الذات وتباينها مع الليل في مبحثين شمل الاول على دراسة توافق الليل مع الذات اما الثاني فاهتم بتباين الليل مع الذات.اما الفصل الثالث فقد استقام على التشكيلات المكانية وضم مبحثين ، درس الاول الطبيعة الساكنة واهتم الثاني بالطبيعة المتحركة. وبعد هذا عمدت الباحثة الى استخلاص اهم النتائج التي توصل اليها البحث وتلا ذلك قائمة ضمت اهم المصادر والمراجع التي اعتمدت عليها هذه الدراسة وهي القران الكريم وديوان الموشحات وكتب التراجم وكتب الادب والنقد التي انبثقت منها اهم القضايا النقدية والادبية لتطوير هذه الدراسة.وبفيض من الحب والتقدير لا يسعني الا ان اقدم الشكر والعرفان الى مشرفي ومعلمي ا.د. علي ابراهيم الذي لم يبخل علي بمشورة او نصح وقراءة دقيقة قد اسهمت في اغناء هذا البحث وبلورة فكرته، اسال الله ان يسدد على الخير خطاه وان يوفقه لما يحب ويرضى.شكري وتقديري الى السيد رئيس لجنة المناقشة والسادة الاعضاء لتفضلهم بقبول مناقشتي، واخص بالشكر السيد رئيس لجنة المناقشة ا.د. علي اسد المحترم لسعة صدره وتوجيهاته السديدة، جزاهم الله عني خير الجزاء.واخيرا.. فلا ادعي الكمال لبحثي هذا فالكمال لله وحده فان اصبت فهو من فضل الله، وان زللت فمن نفس وهذه طبعة الانسان. واخر دعوانا ان الحمد لله رب العالمين. | There is no doubt that the literature product as a humanitarian activity is based on correlation among the time - place relations where the innovative prints his ideas to pose aesthetic text shines with human feelings that express the self - experiment. Therefore we tried hard to study the place and time in the book of Andalus Mowashahat which includes a huge of most prominent Mowashah writers of Andalus all over the times and eras, the investigation by Mr. Ghazi after the meditation pose in the book, I have choose some of them based on their huge productivity and variety of subjects. We endeavor in this study to explain the text through all methods of analyzing and we posed on artistic characteristics in the text as it is a creature enriched with conceptual transformers matching with artistic shapes that characterize the Mowashah, so the implementing nature of the research have obliged the necessity to make the research consisted of prologue and three chapters, in the prologue I have tackled with concept of time and place in the language plus to the origin of Mowashah and disputes existed about it and showing some samples for that. In the first chapter I talked about the time through duals , was in two sections , first one concerned to study the dual of (present/ past) while the second one concerned about the dual of (present/future). The second chapter was specialized to study the compatibility of the ego and its contrast with the night in two sections , first one concerned with studying the compatibility between the night with the ego, second one concerned with compatibility of the night with the ego. While the third chapter was based on place forms and included two sections , first one studied the static nature and second one concern about the moving nature. Then the researcher intended to conclude most results that the researcher has come up with, then a list of most important references and resources were depended in this research are Holly Quran, Diwan Almurashahat, Translation books and literature books and criticism from which most literature and criticism issues have emanated to develop this study. With much love and respect I would like to express my grateful to my supervisor Pro. Dr. Ali Ibrahim who has the big favor behind the enrichment of my research with all good remarks and consultancy, I pray to God to prosper him and support him.Finally, I don’t claim the perfection because the perfection is just belong to the Lord, if I succeed it is by Him if not so then it's because of myself. Thank for God for all.

دلالة المفردة القرانية بين اللغويين والاصوليين == Quranic single indication among linguists and fundamentalists

Author name: فاضل كامل محسن الموسوي
Supervisor name: رحيم جبر احمد الحسناوي | عامر عمران الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Spin thesis about Quranic single between linguists and those who call them naming linguists and scientists assets any fundamentalists The 1 yen confined to their work in the building jurisprudential evidence that will help the jurist in the development of legitimate issues of concern to people's lives of Muslims and organize their lives in this world and the Hereafter significance. Thesis dealt with as significant when linguists old and modern significance when fundamentalists in all doctrines. Then dealt with single and clarity in the Holy Quran and the reasons for this clarity as scientists have identified and how to judge that the single clear or ambiguous and put them Metrology that define it and how they differed in that he divided them see that some of the strange and mysterious vocabulary others see it as clear and as long as the development of scientists have significance and knew through their studies or explanatory language is not strange and Agmod in the Koran because all the vocabulary purely Arab, as stipulated in more than any decent but some ignorance Bdalaladtha because it is used in the private Magamhm invited themThe Anatoha strange and mystery. And has made Linguists great efforts identify the vocabulary and implications aid of tribes and their members and not all tribes. Then the fundamentalists came after that was the voltage multiplier and accuracy finite because their work entails provisions of the legitimacy of governing if people in Alehiatin The rulings in very precise based on the consequences of the studies in Mbahz wordy. I have found your search phrase from the results Perhaps the most prominent focus on attention on the fundamentalists studies being more accurate than linguists studies .etbin researcher that the students that crowned to this type of study and Eugdoa scientific comparison between linguistic studies and the study of fundamentalism in the field of single Koranic .nsol reconcile what God loves and is pleased that he is Hearing pr

المنابع الثقافية للشعر العربي في القرنين الثاني والثالث الهجريين == Cultural Sources for Arabic poetry In the second and third centuries AD

Author name: سعد علي جعفر المرعب
Supervisor name: عباس محمد رضا حسن البياتي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: وفي خضم المعطيات الثقافية المؤثرة والمتاثرة بالبيئة الزمانية والمكانية نجد المضامين الثقافية للشاعر تظهر في دلالات النص المنتج , فالادب عامة والشعر خاصة منجز من منجزات الثقافة ومعطى من معطياتها المعرفية والذهنية . فحسن اختيار المعارف التي ترفد ثقافة الشاعر لا تؤدي دورا في حسن استعمال الالفاظ وجودة اختيار المعاني فحسب بل تعطي للمنتج رؤى واسعة في استيعاب مدركات الحياة ومعطياتها والتعبير عنها , فالتجربة الشعرية هي نتاج للثقافة المكونة من الشعور والفكر . تاتي اهمية دراسة المنابع الثقافية في كونها توضح المؤثرات الفكرية والقيمية في الاتجاهات العامة للمجتمع والاتجاهات الخاصة للشعراء المتاثرة بظروف النشاة والفكر والثقافة والمذهب على حد سواء فتاثر الشاعر ببيئة ما يكون المنبع الذي يؤثر في العمل الفني على حسب استيعابه لمؤثرات ذلك المنبع , فالشعر نشاط فكري معقد يوظف المنابع الثقافية في اخراج منجزه الادبي معتمدا في استيعابها على عقلية الشاعر ومدى استجابته للمنابع الثقافية , فيكون الشاعر متعاملا مع البؤر الثقافية المحركة للحياة بشكل مستمر موظفا دلالات الالفاظ في التعبير عن نوع المنبع او المنابع التي ينتمي لها , فتاتي اهمية المنابع الثقافية في عدها محفظة ارشيفية يجد فيها الفرد الشرح الوافي لسلوكه وفكره الذي هو جزء من السلوك والفكر الجمعي لمجتمع ما في عصر بعينه . تم اختيار موضوع اطروحتي (المنابع الثقافية للشعر العربي في القرنيين الثاني والثالث الهجريين) فكانت المدة الزمنية لهذا البحث تعتمد مع التقسيم السياسي في سقوط دولة ما وقيام دولة اخرى على التقسيم الفني لان دراسة التطور الادبي لايمكن ان يكون ظاهرة فجائية تقترن بتغير نوع الحكم وبمجيء دولة وذهاب اخرى بل يتمدد العصر الادبي بعضه على بعض الاخر . فلقد بدا في القرن الثاني على اساس بدء حدوث تطور شعري جديد نتيجة المتغيرات الخطيرة والعميقة الاثر التي جدت في حياة الجماعة الاسلامية فكان الهدف المركزي معرفة مدى تقبل شعراء كل عصر لانواع الثقافة الموروثة والاسلامية والمستجدة ومدى تاثيرها بالمنجز الشعري لدى كل منهم , فلكل عصر خصوصيته النقدية التي تجعلنا نتساءل عن مدى تاثر الدور الثالث والاخير من العصر الاموي بالثقافة المستجدة ومدى ميله الى الثقافة الموروثة وانكفائه عليها وتمثله للثقافة الاسلامية مع ملاحظة طريقة التوظيف الفني والبناء الشعري والصياغة الاسلوبية , ثم نتساءل عن العصر العباسي الاول ومدى تمثل الشعراء المخضرمين الذين عاشوا في عصر الدولة الاموية وادركوا الدولة العباسية والمولدين المنابع الثقافية حيث الحضارة والثراء والترجمة والمذاهب الفكرية والفلسفية والفرق السياسية مع انقسامهم ايضا الى شعراء الطبع والالتزام بعمود الشعر وشعراء الصنعة واستعمال الافكار العميقة والصنعة الفنية والبلاغية ومعرفة مدى تمثلهم لانواع الثقافة وكيفية التعبير عنها والمقارنة مع شعراء العصر العباسي الثاني حيث الانفتاح الكبير في الحضارة والثراء والترف والاتجاهات الفلسفية ومعرفة مدى تاثرهم بانواع الثقافة وكيفية تمثلهم لها وطريقة التعبير عن الثقافة المستجدة والناي عن الثقافة الموروثة والاسلامية ومعرفة شعراء كل عصر الذين مثلوا اتجاها في تمثلهم لمنبع ما او اكثر . اما منهج البحث في الاطروحة فكان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ليتناسب مع المنابع الثقافية وتطبيقها على الاغراض الشعرية عاقدا موازنة بين شعراء البادية والحجاز في العصر الاموي وشعراء الطبع والصنعة في العصر العباسي الاول وشعراء الصورة في العصر العباسي الثاني معتمدا استخدام المنبع على الاغراض الشعرية في كل العصور متناولا الشعراء اصحاب الدواوين . ومن المصاعب التي واجهت البحث هو البحث عن الشعراء الذين يدخلون تاريخيا وفنيا ضمن مرحلة البحث فكان يجب علي الرجوع الى كتب التراجم والاعلام والسير للتاكد من الشاعر والمعلومات التاريخية التي تخصه فكان نتاج هذا العمل الشاق ماتكون لدي في الملحق الاول من تراجم الشعراء مع ذكر المصادر التي يرجع فيها لكل منهم, ثم واجهت البحث مشكلة الحصول على الدواوين الشعرية للشعراء والبحث عن مظانها ووضعها بين دفتي البحث فضلا عن المشكلة العويصة التي واجهت الجانب البحثي في تقسيم الشعراء لانه من الخطا وضع حدود فاصلة دقيقة بين العصر الاموي والعصر العباسي الاول والثاني تعود لاسباب هي طول المدة الزمنية التي بقي بها الشاعر على قيد الحياة فضلا على انه ابعد مايكون عن الصحة وضع حدود فاصلة تماما بين العصور وعلى الاخص من الناحيتين الاجتماعية والعقلية , وعليه فاني تعاملت مع شعراء العصر الاموي والعصر العباسي الثاني بالرجوع الى مناسبة القصيدة او الشخص الذي قيلت فيه لمعرفة دخولها ضمن مدة البحث من عدمه , هذا فضلا عن السيرورة والشهرة الادبية له في عصر ما ومعاصرته لمجموعة من الشعراء وتفاعله معهم ايجابا او سلبا واسلوبه الادبي المختص بعصر بعينه فكل هذه المعطيات تعتمد في عده ضمن مدة بعينها . وهذه الدراسة حلقة من سلسلة دراسات وبحوث اكاديمية سبقتها ومن اهمها على سبيل المثال لا الحصر : - 1. الشعر والتاريخ : د . نوري حمودي القيسي (كتاب). 2. المنابع الثقافية الاولى للشاعر الجاهلي : د . عادل البياتي (بحث). 3. عناصر الوحدة الثقافية في الشعر العربي ماقبل الاسلام : د . محمود عبد الله الجادر (بحث). 4. المنابع الثقافية للشعر العربي قبل الاسلام : مزاحم علي(رسالة). 5. المنابع الثقافية للشعر العربي في عصر صدر الاسلام والعصر الاموي : د . عباس محمد رضا (اطروحة) . 6. ابو تمام ثقافته من خلال شعره : د . ابتسام مرهون الصفار (كتاب). 7. ثقافة المتنبي واثرها في شعره : د . هدى الارنؤوطي (كتاب). 8. اثر التراث في الشعر العراقي الحديث : علي حداد (كتاب). 9. المرجعيات الثقافية الموروثة في الشعر الاندلسي عصري الطوائف والمرابطين : حسين مجيد الحصونة (اطروحة). 10 . التراث في شعر المحدثين : عدنان كاظم مهدي(اطروحة) . وقد تشكل الهيكل النظري للاطروحة من مقدمة وتمهيد اوضحت فيه الثقافة لغة واصطلاحا , واثر الثقافة في الشعر , ثم قسم الموضوع الى ثلاثة فصول فكان الفصل الاول الثقافة الموروثة فاشتمل على توطئة واربعة مباحث هي الموروث الشعبي والثقافة التاريخية والثقافة القيمية الاجتماعية وثقافة الامثال , ولقد تعمدت اغفال الشعر بصفته موردا للثقافة الموروثة لانه سيدخل البحث في باب التناص وهو بحث يختلف عن موضوع البحث ببيان الاصول والمنابع الاولى للثقافة لكونها ابعد من الشعر , اما الفصل الثاني فاشتمل على توطئة وثلاثة مباحث هي ثقافة الاقتباس القراني , الثقافة العبادية والعقائدية , وثقافة القصص القراني , اما الفصل الثالث الثقافة المستجدة , فاشتمل على توطئة ومبحثين هما الثقافة السياسية والعقلية , ثقافة القيم والمعارف الاجتماعية الجديدة واخيرا اشكر الاستاذ الدكتور عباس محمد رضا المشرف على هذه الاطروحة الذي لولاه لما خرجت هذه الاطروحة بالهيئة التي وصلت اليها | The culture represents the intellectual side of individuals and communities alike, but is the basis of human thought in the production and development of creativity, and then determine the culture identity of the community in the dimensions of the physical and moral culture of a society is the source of values and actions of individuals belonging to him and through him can be understood and taught. In the midst of cultural data affecting the environment and affected the temporal and spatial find cultural contents of the poet reflected on the implications of the text and its impact product technical literature has in general and poetry in particular accomplishment of the achievements of the culture. We have chosen the subject of this thesis (Headwaters cultural Arabic poetry in the second and third centuries Alahjrien) Thus, this period of time dependent with political division in the fall of a State and the other on the division of technical, Regarding the research methodology in the thesis was a descriptive analytical approach statistical commensurate headwaters with cultural and applied to the purposes of poetry. This study is an episode of a series of studies and academic research before it, may pose a theoretical structure of the thesis of an introduction and then smooth the theme section into three chapters, Was the first chapter inherited culture Vachtml a prelude and four Detectives culture is legendary and historical culture and culture values social and culture of Proverbs, Chapter II Vachtml on the preparation and the three sections is the culture of the quote Quranic, culture, worship and faith, culture Stories Qur'an, Chapter III comprising the preparation and Mbgesin two political culture and mentality, culture and values of the new social knowledge

سيمياء سرد المنامات في الموروث الحكائي العربي == Semiotics Dreams Narration In The Arabic Heritage Gaii

Author name: احمد عباس كامل الازرقي
Supervisor name: عواد كاظم لفتة الغزي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Human has been known since ancient dreams, and can then first activity expressive and creative practiced before he knew the creative and communicative other activities, and the language codon and charged Dimension Alalamata rich first language of understanding human has ever known with the other, who was not determined features after having exceeded its presence ritual of belonging and reference actually ease the viewer into a fantasy landscape and a rupture of belonging, and not to celebrate the reality of it was dormitories treated as divine messages represent the people of God care and control of their own destinies. It was inevitable for a person to then marched reality of a dream, to enjoy the prospect of the Annunciation obtained or warns, which could afford the alarm or warning and this is not only converts a dream into a verbal version of lean manufacturing techniques to the language, which is the only medium to represent the dreams, here to be the regulator of to pass candidate through the narrative, and techniques, and laws, and abandon Tfeltat Almnamah language that is not subject to the terms of fact and rulings. I've been to Mnamat significant impact on the cultural and Islamic knowledge and the Arab scene and although human ignorant celebrate and sanctify her but that did not detract from its status in Islam that were not increased them after the clarity of its position in Islamic law, as mentioned in some of the Holy Quran He promised the mode of media reporting of the divine prophets, peace be upon them and in the Hadith promised dreams degree of prophecy, and in the Islamic intellectual perspective is the mode of inspiration and dignity to the good of the people of this nation. And cared Arab Entries Mounamat in their own, such as books interpreting dreams book interpretation of the great dreams of Ibn Sirin, and dreams of Ibn Abi Dunya or narrative works of the most famous works of the most comprehensive stems writer in the narrative another type, such as biography or built or the message or story and then ensure his texts dreams that employs the service of the narrative and enhance the intellectual and aesthetic formulation. The Mounamat Care albeit a large and noticeable, but did not come out for the field of special scientific and psychological studies when Freud and Jung, and Lacan in the system of Islamic thought studied dreams in some detail, but he stopped to describe a literary text stands on a par with other literary genres, or approached as a creative activity and is filed narrative reflects the narrative techniques and laws.As the narrative activity active humanly subject to the mechanism of the arrangement and a network of laws designed to bring about the kind of influence the recipient, it has been the darling that thrives signs and signals that hint at more than authorized, and this is the language that is based on a dream - mediated symbols charged give indications, it was appropriate to approach a sample semiotic research, which takes care of the mark, and the significance and reference spectrum. And by the multiplicity of semiotics curriculum and diversity depending on the material studied and privacy, the choice to approach semiotics narrative close to Taalgah textured dreams occurred as a narrative and as a bus signs and symbols, has provided the incentive to choose the title of this study, which is (Semiotics dreams are listed in the heritage of the Arab Gaii) and distributed this study Babin and the introduction and pave took care of the first section Baltoesel epistemological for Mnamat as proactive cognitive humanly rippling with human since the human dawn and to the present times, and is still a field of research and study, and were investigated as a dream of a centralized unilateral / seer, the prevalence deliberative / collective.In the first chapter the study shed light on the concept of dreams when ancient nations such as Greece, and the Egyptians and the Sumerians, Indians and Arabs as the ancient intellectual sediments that reflects many of the phenomena and beliefs. In the second chapter study addressed A_kaah Almnama text and how it can Incorporation to Nsusith as a written text and text as an innovative, The third chapter got the task of elucidation in this text and the emergence of the narrative techniques of Rao landmarks, and Roy, and quenched it.He specialized in Part II Applied study, as he got up the first chapter in which the characterization of the level of jobs, determined in accordance with the method of semiotic narrative in the texts of dreams can be described by this chapter that the focus of monetary characterization meeting in the first section and analysis narrative in Part II mediated by luring shifts to the forms of textual analysis of Mnamat.While the second chapter examines Alsemiae landmarks in space and time in Almnamah texts so that these texts tend deliberately to invest more than a place to invest the time and the place to look reflects the changes and temporal aspects require study in what has been termed space.The text can be described as a personal text Almnama par excellence enjoined this study in the third and final part of the study. The field of study Mtozaaa in the books of the Arab Gaii heritage of major news works such as songs, and the representation of the lecture, and contract unique is classified books in the interpretation of dreams and the other because it represents the container hosts for the texts of those dreams in addition to the diversity of topics such works, which led to a diversity of topics dreams, and I've the study considered that excludes dreams attributed to the prophets and imams peace what is known about it divine messages and methods of ways of revelation for the prophets, and the means of the means of inspiration, and payment when imams and this is often beyond the usual human dreams for them, and with the apparent diversity in dreams but we glimpse the thread of coherence the similarity between them is the tendency extreme to approach system of Islamic thought Bchkhos, and Hawwadth, and beliefs, and Gbeath making a lot of dreams seem similar extent of matching in terms of jobs, and connotations, and the emergence of personal Vdhaeadtha so, prompting the researcher to the classification of shifts in every race, including the sufficiency sample that check the adequacy of research and referral to replicate them.

خطاب اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) في اصول الكافي : دراسة تحليلية

Author name: عبد الله حسين خليف الكعبي
Supervisor name: كاظم فاخر حاجم الخفاجي | قاسم محمد كامل
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

حجاجية الخطاب القراني في موضوع الكافرين == Protesting the Qur'anic Discourse on the Subject of Disbelievers

Author name: الاء محمد كاطع الغالبي
Supervisor name: عبد الحسن علي مهلهل
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The Qur'anic discourse is distinctly a speech in the argument way because it is a speech between two conflicting parties on a fundamental issue which is the unification of the Almighty God and the performance of his orders and avoid what is forbidden to him . The purpose of the speech is to influence and persuade the recipient . For this reason, the Qur'anic expression used different means of persuasion in order to convince him , so the subject of the research entitled ( Addressing the Disbelievers in the Holy Quran - Study in the Argument - ) . I discussed the speech directed by the Almighty God or the apostles (Peace be upon them) or believers to the unbelievers , as well as, the speech of the unbelievers among themselves ( between masters and followers ) . I mean disbelievers : - anyone who does not recognize the existence of God or associate with him or who does not follow the teachings or deny the messages of the apostles (Peace be upon them). I address the verses that addressed the unbelievers sometimes the term(kafir ) is referred to and sometimes the term ( kafir ) is not mentioned or one of its derivatives , instead the term ''polytheist'' or ''oppressor'' or ''corrupted '' or other term is used . The nature of the search required that it be divided in to (a foreword) and (three chapters) and (a conclusion) . The (foreword)was divided in to two sections : - the first section was summarized as saying in the concept of (protest) in terms of definition of language and style . And mentioned the concept of (protest) at the most important poles of the school of protest in modern times . The second section was to define the concept of (kufr) language and terminology and then asked to mention the types of disbelievers who were included in the research , sometimes there is no mention of the (kafir) in particular , but there are words that differ from the root of the language of the (kafir) , but in the content enters the circle of (kufr) . I focused on ( polytheists and devils ) and studied the semantic differences between them and (kufr) . The first chapter was entitled ( Mechanisms of Arguing in Addressing the Unbelievers ) and included two topics ,the first entitled( Mechanisms of Language ) and examined : 1 - the impact of the links protests in addressing the infidels . And : 2 - the impact of protest methods in addressing the infidels , the second topic included (Rhetorical Mechanisms )and examined the effect of rhetorical mechanisms of analogy , metaphor and metonymy in directing the protest which is directed against the unbelievers . I would also like to note that I have listed chapter one with ( Mechanisms), but I mentioned only two mechanisms ( linguistics & rhetorical ) .This is because each mechanism falls under the concept of many mechanisms ,and this is why the designation chapter(Mechanisms). The second chapter , which was entitled ( The Relations of Protest in Addressing the Unbelievers in the Holy Quran ). This chapter has subheadings , namely , five relationships : - ( relationship of necessity , relationship of sequence , casual relationship , relationship of conclusion and relationship of non - agreement ). The third chapter was entitled ( Patterns of Protest in Addressing the Disbelievers in the Holy Quran ). It included three topics , the first section entitled '' Mental Argumentation '' and included quasi - logical arguments and rational arguments , the second topic was entitled ''Steering Argument '' which included : - 1 - guidance of preaching . 2 - guidance by induction. 3 - guidance on mentioning the consequences of things ( intimidation) . The third topic was entitled ''Impossible Argument '' and included the ''miracles'' that were used for the arguments of the unbelievers and the infidelity of them upon the truthfulness of the law of the Lord of the world . And included the miracle of the Quran and the sensual miracles . Finally the conclusion and I summarized the main findings of the research

المعلقات السبع : دراسة في ضوء لسانيات النص == The seven AL - MuaLakaat A study in the light of the text linguis

Author name: احمد دريس حسن
Supervisor name: مجيد مطشر العامر
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: وعجزت عن نعته اوهام الواصفين . والصلاة والسلام على امين الله على وحيه ، ونجيبه من خلقه ، وصفيه من عباده ، امام الرحمة وقائد الخير، ومفتاح البركة ابي القاسم محمد ، وعلى اله الطيبين الطاهرين ، وصحبه الغر المنتجبين وبعد ... فقد شهد علم اللغة في العقدين الاخيرين من القرن المنصرم حركة تجديد في الدرس اللغوي ، فبعد ان كانت الجملة تعد اساس الدراسة اللغوية ومنتهاها ، بل هي اكبر وحدة لغوية فيها ، اتجهت الانظار الى الاهتمام بفضاء اوسع وهو فضاء النص ؛ لذا تحول الدرس اللساني من التعامل مع الجملة الى التعامل مع النص ، محاولا الولوج في عالمه ، وسبر اغواره ، وكشف كنهه ، ومعرفة استراتيجياته ووسائله ؛ فتناوله الباحثون اللسانيون بالبحث والوصف والتحليل ، هدفهم ـ من ذلك كله ـ صياغة نظرية لغوية تعتمد على النص اللغوي كله ، لا تتعامل مع التركيب اللغوي النحوي الا بانه استراتيجية من عدة استراتيجيات واعتبارات متنوعة منها اللفظية والدلالية والمقامية انضوت في كنف عالم اوسع يدعى النص ؛ فنتج عن ذلك ما عرف بنحو النص او علم النص او لسانيات النص . لقد اخذ اللسانيون والباحثون والدارسون باطراف رداء هذا العلم ، محاولين تطبيق وسائله على بعض ميادين اللغة او غيرها ، سواء كانت نثرية ام شعرية ، فحاول الباحث ان يكون له نصيب من هذا الميدان الرحب ؛ لذا ولى بوجهه شطر المشرف على البحث الاستاذ الدكتور مجيد مطشر عامر، ليجده مشجعا دافعا له لدراسة هذا الميدان ، وموجها الباحث صوب ذلك التراث اللغوي الشعري الضخم المسمى بالشعر الجاهلي ؛ ليغرف منه شعر المعلقات السبع ، فيجعلها ميدانا للعمل والتطبيق ، فالنص الادبي ليس حكرا على صاحبه ، بل هو ملك للمتلقي متى ما ولد وخرج من يد صاحبه ، اصبح لمتلقيه الحق في سبر اغواره ، وفك رموزه كما يراها . وبعد التفكير مليا وجد الباحث اعتماد هذا الميدان اللغوي عامة ، وشعر المعلقات السبع خاصة موضوعا يستحق البحث والدراسة ؛ لعدة اسباب ، منها : ان الشعر الجاهلي يمثل لبنة البناء الراسخ الاول للشعر العربي، ويمثل نصا خصبا يغري الباحثين والدارسين ؛ كونه مكتنزا بالطاقات الابداعية، والفنون اللغوية ، والصور الجمالية التي تحرك الخيال الجامح عند المتلقي ، وتمده باللذة الشعورية الفياضة ، فالشعر الجاهلي كان وما يزال منبعا ثرا وميدانا خصبا لا ينضب للدراسة والبحث ، وموضوعا حيا يحمل في طياته الشئ الكثير . فضلا عن ذلك كله ان الشعر الجاهلي واعني منه شعر المعلقات السبع لم يدرس ـ على حد علمي ـ دراسة لسانية شاملة تتناول كل مفاصل الدرس اللساني النصي حسب معايير ديبوجراند السبعة ، وهي : السبك ( الاتساق ) ، والالتحام ( الانسجام ) ، والقصد ، والقبول ، ورعاية الموقف ( المقامية ) ، والتناص ، والاعلامية ـ وهو منهج دراسي لساني يعتمد دراسة النص حسب المعايير المذكورة سلفا اطلق عليه الدكتور احمد عفيفي مصطلح لسانيات النص او نحو النص في كتابه ( نحو النص اتجاه جديد في الدرس النحوي ) ـ سوى دراسات مقتضبة جاءت ضمن ابحاث ودراسات لغوية عامة ، مثل ( بناء الجملة في المعلقات السبع ، دراسة نحوية دلالية ) للباحث فريد العمري ، و( المعلقات العشر دراسات في التشكيل والتاويل ) للباحث صلاح رزق ، و( الخطاب واثره في بناء نحو النص ، تطبيق على المعلقات السبع ) للباحث عبد المهدي الجراح ) ، ودراسة الدكتورعبد الملك مرتاض الموسومة بـ (السبع المعلقات مقاربة سيميائية انتربولوجية لنصوصها ) وفيها تناول التناص في شعر المعلقات السبع ضمن دراسته التاريخية الاجتماعية هذه ، ودراسة اخرى مختصرة للباحث سعد خضير عباس في بحثه الموسوم ( الموسيقى في المعلقات السبع ) وفيه درس بحورها وقوافيها وانوع تلك القوافي وعيوبها ، ودرس الموسيقى الداخلية لها كالتصريع والتدوير والجناس والطباق والتكرار وغيرها ؛ لذا سيكتفي الباحث بدراسة عبد الملك مرتاض للتناص ، مع اطلالة اكثر ايضاحا على الموسيقى الداخلية دون الخارجية ؛ لاكتفاء الباحث بدراسة الاخير لها . امراعاية الموقف ( المقامية ) فقد ارتاى الباحث ان لا يخصص للمقامية مبحثا خاصا بها ؛ لتداخلها مع باقي مباحث الدراسة ، فضلا عن الاشارة الى وسائلها في اثناء المباحث . وحري بالباحث بعد ذلك ان يقف على بعض التساؤلات التي قد تتبادر الى الاذهان عن علة اختيار سبع معلقات دون التسع او العشر ، وحصرها بمجموعة من شعراء العصر الجاهلي دون سواهم من الشعراء وهم : امرؤ القيس ( ت 80 ق . هـ ) ، وطرفة بن العبد ( ت 70 ق . هـ ) ، والحارث بن حلزة ( ت 50 ق . هـ ) ، وعمرو بن كلثوم التغلبي ( ت 40 ق . هـ ) ، وعنترة بن شداد ( ت 22 ق . هـ ) ، وزهير بن ابي سلمى ( ت 13 ق . هـ ) ، ولبيد بن ربيعة العامري ( ت 40 هـ ) . والجواب على ذلك ان العدد سبعا قد اقترن ـ في الاعم الاغلب ـ مع الاشارة الى هذه القصائد دون باقي الاعداد عند المتلقين قدماء ومحدثين . اضف لذلك ما يلحظ عند اغلب شراح المعلقات المشهورين ـ من القدماء ـ انهم لم يطلقوا اسم المعلقات على شروحهم ان جاوز شرحهم سبع قصائد ؛ ومرد ذلك انهم كانوا يشرحون المعلقات السبع ويضمون لها ما سواها كما هو الحال عند النحاس ( ت 338هـ ) في مؤلفه ( شرح القصائد التسع المشهورات ) ، والتبريزي (ت502هـ ) في ( شرح القصائد العشر ) ؛ لتشمل المعلقات وغيرها ، فضلا عن ذلك ان نقصان العدد عن السبع يفرض ـ هو ايضا ـ على القدماء العدول عن تسمية المعلقات الى القصائد كتسمية القصائد الست عند عبد الملك بن قريب الاصمعي ( ت 216هـ ) ، او الاشعار الستة عند ابي الحجاج الاعلم الشنتمري ( ت 476هـ ) ؛ فدلالة ذلك كله ظاهرة على العدد ؛ وبذا تكون تسمية ( المعلقات ) جامعة لها مانعة لما سواها. اما فيما يخص اصحابها بما ذكر من اسماء شعراء العصر الجاهلي دون غيرهم ، فمرد ذلك الى ان اشهر شراح المعلقات ومتلقيها قديما قد حصروا اصحاب المعلقات السبع بهذه الاسماء دون غيرها كابي بكر محمد بن القاسم بن الانباري ( ت 328هـ ) في شرحه ( شرح القصائد السبع الطوال الجاهليات ) ، وابي جعفر احمد بن محمد النحاس ( ت 338هـ ) في شرحه ( شرح القصائد التسع المشهورات ) بعد ان نوه في خاتمة شرحه لقصيدة عمرو بن كلثوم الى انها اخر السبع المشهورات على مرااه من اكثر اهل اللغة ، واضافته لقصيدتي النابغة الذبياني ( ت 18 ق . هـ) والاعشى ( ت 7هـ )؛ كان لتاثره باقوال اهل اللغة والادب ؛ لضمهم الشاعرين الى اشعر شعراء العصر الجاهلي ؛ مما حدا به بضم قصيدتيهما الى السبع مصرحا الى انهما ليستا من القصائد السبع عند اكثر اهل اللغة ، انما جاء عمله هذا ؛ للجمع بين اكثر من رواية ، وينسب ابو عبد الله حسين بن احمد الزوزني ( ت 486هـ ) المعلقات للشعراء المذكورين فيما سلف في شرحه ( شرح المعلقات السبع ) ، وقد حصر يحيى بن علي التبريزي ( ت 502هـ ) اصحاب المعلقات بما تقدم ذكره من شعراء في شرحه ( شرح القصائد العشر ) ؛ وذلك عندما اشارة اشارة لا تقبل الشك او التاويل الى ان المعلقات سبع ، وما بعدها مزيد عليها ، ذكر ذلك في خطبته التي استهل بها شرحه الموسوم بـ ( شرح القصائد العشر ) بعد ان تابع ابا جعفر احمد بن محمد النحاس (ت 338هـ ) في اضافة قصيدتي النابغة (ت 18ق .هـ ) والاعشى (ت 7هـ ) مضيفا اليها قصيدة اخرى ـ غير معللة الاضافة عنده ـ لعبيد بن الابرص (ت 25ق.هـ ) ؛ ليكون العدد عنده عشرا ؛ وبذلك تكون اضافة النابغة والاعشى عند النحاس والتبريزي ؛ برغبة النحاس الى الجمع بين الروايتين ؛ وبمتابعة التبريزي للنحاس في ذلك الهدف . كما ان من اسقط من هؤلاء السبعة نوه عليه غيرهم ؛ اذ يذكر الحسن بن رشيق القيروانـي ( ت 463هـ ) في كتابه ( العمدة ) ، والسيوطي ( ت911هـ ) في ( المزهر ) رواية لابي زيد القرشي ( ت 255هـ ) عن ابي عبيدة معمر بن المثنى ( ت 238هـ ) في ترتيبهما لاصحاب المعلقات انهما اسقطا من اصحاب المعلقات عنترة والحارث بن حلزة واثبتا الاعشى والنابغة ، وكل من القيرواني والسيوطي يشيران الى ان القرشي وابا عبيدة قد خالفا ما عليه اغلب القراء المعاصرين انذاك ـ وهنا يبدو اعتراضا على ذلك الاسقاط واستغرابا لذلك الاثبات ـ وبذلك يكون عدد المعلقات سبعا ، واصحابها قد اتفق عليهم . وعليه وتبعا لمقتضيات موضوع الدراسة ؛ فقد ضم البحث ثلاثة فصول سبقها مقدمة وتلتها خاتمة وقائمة للمصادر . ضم الفصل الاول الذي عنونه الباحث بـ ( الاتساق النصي ) ثلاثة مباحث ، درس في المبحث الاول الاتساق الصوتي بوسائله الثلاث : الجناس ، والتوازي ، والتنغيم ، ودرس في المبحث الثاني الاتساق النحوي بوسائله الاربع : الاحالة والربط والاستبدال والحذف ، اما المبحث الثالث فقد درس فيه الاتساق المعجمي بوسيلتيه التكرار والمصاحبة المعجمية . وجاء الفصل الثاني بعنوان : الانسجام النصي ليضم مبحثين : درس في الاول العلاقات الدلالية النصية الكبرى في نصوص المعلقات الجاهلية السبع ، وخصص الثاني لدراسة البنى النصية الكبرى المكونة لنصوصها . اما الفصل الثالث ؛ فقد جاء بعنوان ( معايير نصية اخرى ) ، وضم في ثنيه ثلاثة مباحث ، خصص الاول منها لدراسة القصدية ووسائلها في نصوص المعلقات الجاهلية السبع ، وتطرق في الثاني الى المقبولية والعوامل المؤثرة فيها ، في حين تناول الباحث في المبحث الثالث انماط الاعلامية المتحققة في نصوص المعلقات الجاهلية السبع . وقد اعتمد الباحث في دراسته على المنهجين : الاستقرائي والتحليلي وهو ما تتطلبه طبيعة الدراسة ، معتمدا كتب التراث المتمثلة بالشروح وغيرها من كتب الادب والنقد ، فضلا عن اعتماده على مصادر الدراسات والابحاث اللسانية الحديثة ، واعتمد الباحث على الاشارة الى ذكر سنة وفاة شعراء المعلقات مرة واحدة فقط ، وذلك عند ذكر اسم الشاعر لاول مرة ؛ دفعا للتكرار . ولا بد للباحث ـ هنا ـ من التنويه الى اعتماد دواوين خمسة من شعراء المعلقات الجاهلية السبع في تثبيت متون نصوص معلقاتهم ، مستثنيا منها متني معلقتي عمرو بن كلثوم التغلبي والحارث بن حلزة ، اذ اعتمد الباحث في تثبيت نصوص المعلقتين على شرح ابي بكر محمد بن القاسم بن الانباري ( ت 328هـ ) ؛ وذلك لعدم امكانية الحصول على طبعة علمية معتمدة في الاوساط العلمية والاكاديمية لديواني كلا الشاعرين ؛ مما حدا بالباحث الى اعتماد الشرح المتقدم الذكر بتحقيق عبد السلام محمد هارون دون غيره من المصادر المتضمنة لمتني المعلقتين ؛ لان المصدر المنوه عنه اعلاه من المصادر العلمية المعتمدة ؛ كونه يعود لعالم من علماء اللغة والنحو والادب والقراءات والتفسير في القرن الرابع الهجري ، ثقة ثبت صدوق حافظ ورع صالح، شهد له بذلك العديد من العلماء كابي علي القالي (ت 356 هـ ) فيما ورد عنه في ( طبقات القراء ) لابن الجزري ( ت833هـ ) ، وابن النديم ( ت 380 هـ ) فـي ( الفهرست ) ، والازهري ( ت 370هـ ) في مقدمة معجمه ( تهذيب اللغة ) ، فضلا عن كون المصدر المذكور انفا قد حققه عبد السلام محمد هارون ، وهو محقق المعي معروف بالدقة والتوثيق في عمله ؛ مما حدا كل ذلك بالباحث الى اعتماد المصدر المتقدم الذكر . ولا يخلو اي عمل يحاول صاحبه ان يتمه على احسن وجه ان تلاقيه بعض الصعوبات ، كما هو الحال في الدراسة هذه ، اذ واجهت الباحث صعوبات منها شحة الدرسات اللسانية التي تناولت الشعر العربي الجاهلي عامة وشعر المعلقات خاصة ضمن المناهج اللسانية الحديثة ؛ مما استدعى ذلك من الباحث الاعتماد في كثير من الاحيان على الذات في قراءة النتائج والوصول الى الاحكام ، ومن الصعوبات الاخرى دلالة بعض نصوص المعلقات الجاهلية السبع التي حيرت الباحث كثيرا واجهدته في الوصول الى ما يبتغيه صاحب النص من مقصد . وفي الختام اود اولا ـ وقبل كل شكر ـ ان اقدم شكري وامتناني وتقديري الى اولئك الابطال المرابطين في سوح الوغى وساحات القتال من ابطال جيشنا الباسل ومتطوعي حشدنا الشعبي ، تلك الثلة الطيبة التي تعانق الموت كل يوم دون ان ترعد فرائصهم ، او ان تغفو عيونهم ، فلولاهم لما ولد هذا العمل ، بل علنا لم نكن الان جالسين هنا لنبدي رايا ، او نسمع تقويما . واقدم شكري وامتناني لاستاذي الفاضل المشرف الدكتور مجيد مطشر عامر ، فكل كلمات الشكر والثناء لا تفيه حقه ؛ اذ وجدته اخا قبل ان يكون مشرفا ، تفضل علي بالكثير من مصادر البحث ، وقبل ذلك كان المرشد لي في تسجيل الموضوع ـ كما اسلفت ـ والموجه الحقيقي الذي تبناه فكره ، واضفى عليه توجيهاته ليشتد عوده، وكان طوال اشرافه على هذا البحث يكرمني بوقت مفتوح لمناقشته ، فتح لي قلبه قبل بيته ، فاعترف له بالشكر والامتنان ما حييت . والشكر موصول الى اعضاء لجنة المناقشة ولا سيما من تجشم منهم عناء السفر ، وخطورة الطريق ليبدي ملاحظه التي تمثل هدايا مقبولة سلفا . واوجه شكري الى كلية الاداب ممثلة بعميدها ومعاونيه ، وقسم اللغة العربية ، بدءا برئيس القسم ، وكادرها التدريسي سواء من اشرف على الباحث في السنة التحضيرية ام سواهم .واقدم شكري لموظفي مكتبة كلية الاداب لما ابدوه من تعاون مع الباحث في توافر المصادر ذات الشان . اقول : هذا جهد باحث متعلم عل سبيل النجاة حاول ان يبعث ماضيا قديما بثوب جديد ، قد يصيب فيه ، وقد يعتريه الخطا ، فلا نزعم لهذه الدراسة الكمال ، فالكمال لله تبارك وتعالى ، فان اصاب فذلك بعون من الله ومدد منه ، وان قصر او اخطا فمن نفسه ، نسال الله ان يغفر لنا ذنوبنا ، وان يمحو عنا سيئاتنا انه نعم المولى ونعم النصير ، واخر دعونا ان الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيد الخلق اجمعين وعلى اله وصحبه المنتجبين والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته . | The Seven texts Al-MuaLakaat ignorance represent a wide field of Arabic language rich in its bid , torrential in its article as it carries with it a big thing of all language arts are a fertile womb gives scholars and researchers , what's aspires accessible ? This study came as an attempt tried researcher in linking the ancient Arabic linguistic heritage of pre – Islamic poetry in general . And the seven Al-MuaLakaat especially with the lesson lingual talk its strategy and various means of multiple of coherence and harmony and the in clusion of each of the topic lingual textual distributed to chapter and sections of this study as researcher in the first chapter of consistency trying to text application of mechanisms multiple as audio formats in its three means (paronomasia , parallelism and toeing ) and grammatical consistency in the its four means ( The referral , subsituated connectivity and deletions ) with consistency lexical of ( repetitive and accompanying Lexical ) plus sections of harmony such as relations semantic text and the major infrastructure text add to that all , other text standards it has been applied on the seven text Al-MuaLakaat ignorance represented (intentionality , acceptability , media ) Above all the piece was followed by an introduction and conclusions supported in the ptece inductive analytical approach to poetic texts . this study has proved the validity of the application of these differ cal text standards for modern lingual lesson in achieving consistency and harmony on a group of ancient Arabic poetry texts belonging to seven of the poets of pre-Islamic as : Emero' Al-Qais , Turfa – bin – AL-Abid Al-Harith – bin – Hallza , Omro – bin - Kalthom – Al-Taqlabi , Antarah – bin- Shadad , Zuhair – bin – Ibi – Sulma , Labud – bin – Rabiah Al-AmeriHowever , how appropriate the old poetic text and make it a suitable material for the and research in the so-called text linguistic .

غريب نهج البلاغة == The stranger in " Nahjubalagah

Author name: عبد الكريم حسين عبد السعدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: By the name of God the all merciful, thanks to his grace, and peace upon his greatest profit Muhmmad bin Aabdillab. There is no daute that Nahj Albalagh in the highest situation of the Arabic eloquence, for that many of Arabic linguestics - ainsent and modern - do their best to explane it's words and sentences in their books and researches.This research is stepping on the same way of those, it studied the stranger in Nahj Albalagh which had been jaid by Aliyy unbnu Abi Talib peace upon him and collected by Alshareef Al Radiyy. ( 406 A.H.). This research divided in preface four parts, and a conclusion. The first part is apreparated one, it is in two chapters, the first chapter studied the strange in the Arabic language in general. And in the ( Nahj ) particularly . The second chapter studied the ( text ) firming, and it's regestredment, there were three kinds of texts. a : texts conteporared Al - emam Ali peace upon him. b : texts precedied AlRadiyy several hundreds of years. c : texts conteporared al Radiy's collecting of Nahj - albalagah.The second part was studying the strangest of the word. It had three chapters. I studied in the first one the strangment of the singular word. And in the second chapter I studied the strangment of the word in meaning, in the third chapter I studied the strangment of the word in it's etymology. I studied in the third part the strangment of structure in three chapters. I specified the first one to the strangment of the whole sloup, the second chapter to the strangment of the speech because the irregularity of the word or because of their entangledment. The third one was about the strangment of the speech because of the highness of it's elocuence.The fourth part of this research was about the strangment of rhetoric building it had also three chapters. The first chapter was about the strangment of the ( eloquence system ), the second one was about the ( rhetoric science ), and the third one was about the strangment of the tripic system. I ended my research with a conclusion, which I explain in it the most emportant results. At last I would like to thank God for my successful in this research, after that I would like to thank my professor Dr. Abdullah Ahmed Aljubouri who guided me in this research and we landed together on the shore of Nahj - Albalagah safely.

توجيه معاني النحو عند المحدثين، حاشيتا الخضري والصبان انموذجا == Guidance as to the Meaning of the Detailed in the earliest, hasheyata Al ssabban And Al Khudhari Specimen

Author name: شاكر صاحب علوان الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: مكي محي عيدان الكلابي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: If we say that the attention of the Arabs understanding of speech were not less than their care produced departing from the idea of the basis of that very language is basically access to the meaning or intent, has tried to research to prove the existence of the effect of meaning in the detective grammatical, found in the book of hashiat al - sabban on the al - ashmony explanation (1206 AH ) and hashiat al - khudhary on tha explanation Ibn Aqeel (1287 AH ) field so broad, Volg through into this world was expansive title of the study ((guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary specimen)) Has necessitated the nature of the research that is distributed over four chapters preceded by a preface, followed by the conclusion of the search, The Boot, has shown a concept meaning grammar has been spotted in the first chapter statement meaning of grammar in the door of the Covenant, and specialize Chapter two study the meaning of grammar in th waste, and dealt with in Chapter three the study of meaning in grammar Prepositional , while the fourth chapter was held to demonstrate the meaning of grammar tools.The researcher found a number of results, most notably the following : 1 - Researcher found that guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary explains without objections stated that his goal as decoding locks. 2 - represents a detailed guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary blog grammatical inexhaustible trough in various walks of language, especially in the world of meanings as phishing, including veterans and narrators in the rules, and assets. 3 - The research revealed guidance as to the meaning of the detailed the earliest hashiata al - sabban and al - khudhary phenomenon singled express carefully and clear because it will help him to understand the first installation but if it violates the express meaning often takes the loop, trying to find meaning undue hand motif.

الدلالة الالتزامية عند الاصوليين في القران الكريم == The significance of the commitment of fundamentalists in the Holy Quran

Author name: غزوان حميد عبد السعيدي
Supervisor name: عادل نذير بيري الحساني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: This study is an investingation of the textual phenomena in the Quranic expression which has not been looked before semantically. The terminology to the fundamentalists still have a gap.This subject (commitment Denotation in the Quranic Expreesion ) was in consistency with my research interest. Therefore, I abode by determination and God's trust. The significance of the study lies the epistemic intervention and interdisciplinary Link between a large set of sciences such as jurisprudence , exegesis , Arabic , logic , eat . The benefits extracted pour into the crucible of Quranic usage.The topic is of clear importance that researcher's attention and it revolves about the awareness of the specialists' products in thes sciences. The research in this dissertation entitled three chapters preluded by a preface and concluded by the most significant results . The first chapter included ( the denotation of implied expression ) while the second contained ( the denotation of concept ) . The research concluded that the implied denotation , conceptual denotation ,and allegorical denotation are all realizations of commitment denotation.It was further concluded that all allegorical relations are traced back to one relation which is ( commitment )basing on the fact that commitment tackled in the research is the commitment in its broad sense which is realized even though in the speaker,s mind .The researcher faced some difficulties as the semantic research in the Quran is surrounded by many epistemic challenges which the research attempted to overcome in light of his acquaintance and induction to disambiguate this matter . I intended in this study to draw the attentions to efforts exerted by fundamentalist and semantic linguists . In conclusion , I recommend researchers especially in text linguistics , to pay attention with determination with determination to the sourceful heritage of fundamentalism.

ظواهر البيان العربي عند المفسرين من القرن الرابع حتى نهاية القرن السادس الهجري == Arabic Eloquence phenomena Of Explainers from the forth till the sixth century of al Higra

Author name: امل حسين حسن الخاقاني
Supervisor name: محمد حسين علي الصغير
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The explainers have pave of the way for the Quranic studies as they were the first to tackle this eloquent text which is hard to be explained and analyzed first in revealing it, meaning and second in showing it's historical method This thesis is dedicated to receal the rhetoric phenomena of the explainers (from the forth century till the end of the sixth century of Higra) for the effect of this period in founding these phenomena on one hand and orienting them on the after. So, it's devided into a preface and four chapters. The preface revealed (the concept of the Arabic rhetoric among the explainers and the grammarians) and also showing (the Arabic rhetoric phenomena in the Quranic studies books and elogence), as for the chapters, the first dealt with (the truth and metaphor of the explainers) revealing their role in achieving all kinds, divisions and various relation of the metaphor while the second chapter tackle (simile of explainers) and showing their care of its tools and types in addition to defining the feature of Quranic simile as being a combination of images. The third chapter dealt with (metaphor of the ecplanier) and defining its terminological meaning as being based on the similarity relation ans also defining types of metaphor within the Quranic context. As for the forth chapter it dealt with (the writing and its features of the ecplainers) and defining its terminological meaning based on the stules of writing and method of expressing it as symbol, sign and waving and revealing the intention of intimation which participates in showing the rhetoric of the Quranic text, and its features of inimatibility of holy Quran the explainers in all of these chapters were rhetorical in dealing with the text of holy quran and also expended critics of it their rhetorical attitudes and their metaphoric signal reprints as serous stop in the development of the studies of the quranic rhetoric and the researches of inimitation for their great analytical ability and taste which led to the assumption that the quranic methods was nothing less than americal for being unique invites style and verse

رد الشبهات في عصمة الانبياء (عليهم السلام) في القران الكريم : دراسة لغوية == The rejection of suspicions in the infallibility of the Prophets (peace be upon them) in the Quran_ language study

Author name: رباب موسى نعمة الصافي
Supervisor name: جنان منصور كاظم الجبوري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah who make the hearts of his servants ready to receive the flood guidance, and threw upon their insights from the lights of his knowledge what clear the facts of his revelation to them, and his words has expanded and elaborated on their minds, and then his subtleties and oddities have brightened, and entrusted in their holy books the miracle of understanding that testified the miracle of regulation, prayers and peace be upon the best of those Who sent them to His servants Abu Al - Qasim Mohammed and upon his glorious progeny, Having said that : Perhaps it is a sign of miracles that the Holy Quran opens horizons of academic studies, and shining out of his knowledge what makes you look more brilliant and better guided. After I had finished my preparatory study, I prepared for my doctorate thesis, the dream that cherished my mind a long time ago has become a reality for me, then I became before a matter which is not easy to overcome, and I engaged to a task for which its finishing and overcoming does not mean ending for all its requirements, as it is higher and more solemn, but If you cannot take it all, do not leave it all, so it is an honor to me to go along with those who search for the secrets of the Arabic language and its sciences. Praise be to Allah who granted the Arabic language working servants and bestowed them knowledge and gave them provision of earnestness and sincerity, they became supporters and keepers of them, perishing ages for them and fill books with them. The prophethood, which Allah has made it limited to a number of His human creatures to be guiders for people in the course of their lives to be built on the basis of wisdom unless the individual entrusted with the group of certain characteristics that is distinguished from the others.The prophethood is a special privilege that Allah has singled out for a number of his allies, as he said in his holy book (Quran) : ((Those were the ones upon whom Allah bestowed favor from among the prophets of the descendants of Adam and of those We carried [in the ship] with Noah, and of the descendants of Abraham and Israel, and of those whom We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration and weeping.)) In spite of this divine selection of them, and distinguish them from other human beings and communicate with Allah by the revelation, nevertheless they have been exposed to many forms of skepticism and a range of impugnment until they launch a charge against, them with the major sins and prohibited abominable acts, On the other hand, there is a group of people who have glorified them in piety and purity and distinguished them from other people.This is why I thought to study this topic to be my PhD. thesis, and based on the nature of the study and its obligations, the research divided into three chapters preceded by introduction and preface, and followed by the conclusion, and the preface was a presentation of the concept of inerrancy (infallibleness) and the differences among the Islamic sects in opinions, while the first chapter is a study of the significance of the Quranic vocabulary in the verses of the infallibility, which was divided into four researches, the first is the indication of the words (عصى disobeyed and غوى went astry) directed to Adam (peace be upon him) by disobedience, and the second was to study the significance of the words (نقدر we can and الظالمين oppressors) directed to Yunus (pbuh)and the third was to study the word (نسيت I forgot) said by Moses (pbuh), the fourth was to study the meaning of the word ( وزرك your sin) addressed at the Prophet Mohammed (Prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him and his progeny).The second chapter was devoted to the study of the morphological formula in the verses of infallibility, which includes three researches, the first of which was to study the significance of the formula of individuals in the reign of David and Solomon and accusation of the prophet David of the mistake in judgment, and the second was competent to study the significance of the name of preference (الاعلى supreme) in the accusation of Moses (pbuh) with fear, the third was to study the significance of the name of the preference (ضالا astray) in the attribution of misguidance to the Messenger (Prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him and his progeny).The third chapter was concerned with the study of the grammatical significance in the verses of infallibility, which was divided into three researches as well, the first was in the method of deletion and included : first, deleting the related part of the sentence conditional answer in accusing Prophet Yusuf (pbuh) in intending to perform the act, and secondly, deleting the related part of present participle in accusing Prophet Moses (pbuh) in astray, and thirdly deleting the object in accusing Prophet Moses (pbuh) to ask for the vision of Allah Almighty, and the second research was to study the significance of defining the grammatical reference and also included : firstly, determining the reference of pronouns in the word (ردوها return..), secondly, identifying the actor's reference to his action in accusing Abraham (peace be upon him) by lying, and thirdly, defining the reference of speech its author which is divided into : - Specifying the reference of the speech with the doubt. - Determining the reference of the speech to forgiveness of guilt. - Determining the reference of the speech by frown and turning away.In the third research, I have studied the significance of the methods in the verses of infallibility and included : firstly, the significance of the conditional method in the affliction of the honorable Prophet in accusing him also of Polytheism, and secondly, the significance of forbidding the Prophet in accusing him of obeying polytheists and hypocrites, and thirdly, the significance of the method of supplication in accusing the Prophet in doing sin, and finally we mentioned the findings of the research in the conclusion.

الاعمال والاهمال النحويان في القران الكريم == Validating or neglecting Grammatically in Holy Koran

Author name: عادل غانم طعمة
Supervisor name: خديجة عبد الرزاق الحديثي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Aliraqia University - College Of Arabic Language And Quran Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The meaning of validating is a grammatically term, and that is what caused changes in the last of words, and the working term may be verb at most, or may be name or character. The neglecting is leaving that work in working term for some reason or lack of work conditions if it was working with specific conditions, the neglecting may be in the original word that mean, the word is not working in origin, it is against validating or it’s the opposite. This subject Examines in these terms (working or neglected) based on what came in the holy Koran, evidence and examples, and not extrapolated inventory, and as required by the foundations of scientific research came as follows : 1 - Introduction : Brief Outlining for the explanation and illustration of research, and we thanks who proposed the topic of our elders, and the our reason for selecting him, and we thanks who cooperating with us in this search.2 - Foreword : Manipulating the two terms ( Validating and neglecting) in grammatically and traditionally means as well as in Arabic grammar. 3 - Chapter I : studying validating and neglecting in Arabic grammar and synonyms of terms, and what they based on of Arabic grammar assets, and types of factors.4 - Chapter II : Manipulating the verbal factor (verb and name) as receipt in holy Koran, and its mentioned in few non - famous readings. And its manifests from the holy Koran and what's agreed of grammar books.5 - Chapter III : deals with verbal factor ( working characters) and on the basis of previous chapter itself.6 - Chapter IV : examines the moral factor, and deals with the grammar means and clarify them, and we put with him dialectic cases for factor.7 - Chapter V : deals with characters always grammatically neglected, and also based on holy Koran in its meaning and the examples of explanation and study.8 - Conclusion : It is an Abstract for the study, and summarization of research results.9 - list of references and resources : books, or research, or thesises, or magazines, we use or adopted in our study. We completing this study as a part of the requirements for doctorate degree in Arabic language Department, from College of Language and Koran Sciences at the Islamic University / Baghdad, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Khadija Abdul Razzaq al - Hadithi, great thanks for her distortions and evaluation for mistakes, and the developed Platform that we use as a guide for us, and I thank her once again, and I thank all elders, our friends who helped us in completion of this work and God who is the conciliator

المكان في الدراسات السردية العراقية الحديثة نشاتها واتجاهاتها == The place in modern Iraqi narrative studies Its origins and trends

Author name: لواء تقي عبد نور العيساوي
Supervisor name: فاروق محمود عبد الله الحبوبي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The place has played a prominent role in the modern narrative texts, since it has become a major unit in it; where the concept of place has witnessed an expansion of symbolic, symbolic and aesthetic, the exposure opens wide horizons to the aesthetics of the narrative text as well as its symbolism and functionBased on the above, critics have been working on the subject of the place after it, which is the basis of narrative work, not only as an area in which events occur, but as a means to probe the depths of the human sense associated with conscience and what belongs to it. The place of the earth, the home and the homeland, and what surrounds these things and other intimacy and belonging , Hostility and division, all of which have profound artistic values, connotations and purposes.Thus, the importance of the place appears in its cultural, psychological and political dimension, on the one hand, and its artistic dimension, which is characterized by its profound impact on the elements of novel construction on the other, is clear. This has made many critics and scholars cast their allegiance in this field. Some of them claimed leadership, The study aims to trace the origin of the study of place in the modern Iraqi narratives, and examine this critical discourse through a descriptive methodology with an analytical vision aimed at The study of the place in the modern Iraqi narratives, its origins and trends. The researcher reported from the sources that I meant to study the place in the Iraqi monetary studies, which formed the main motto in the construction ofBthe thesis, As well as Arab and Western sources, which provided us with a wide area of movement and research.This thesis came in a preface, and three chapters followed by a conclusion that included the main findings of the researchWe devoted the preface to address the problematic of the term, and to stop the research when the critics used the terms (space and space), and what these terms of the overlap of semantic and procedural.The first chapter was entitled "The Origins of the Study of Place in Literature". This chapter was divided into three sections. The first one was concerned with the study of the place in the Western scholars. The emergence of the place phenomenon in Arabic literature.In the second chapter we studied the mechanisms of studying the place in the early Iraqi studies. This chapter was divided into three sections, the first one was concerned with the study of dividing the place and the second studied the construction of the place, description and composition. ). The third chapter was entitled (Directions of the study of the place). It was divided into two sections, the first one was concerned with the study of the external direction. The course included the contextual monetary methods adopted by the critics in the approach of the place. This course follows the texts that guided the critics in the approach of the placeWe can summarize the main findings of the research as follows : - The development of the concept of place and completed as a theory that has an effective influence in the Western criticism by the French critic Gaston Pacheler, who studied the placeCaesthetically. This achievement was manifested in his famous book "Aesthetics of the Place ... : " - In spite of the delay of the Arab monetary achievement regarding the place, it recorded a turning point after the second half of the twentieth century, as the new concept of the novelist place began to appear in creative products and narrative money. However, it remained within the limits of the special glimpses that did not meet the theoretical level, Cash. - The Iraqi cash register was the pioneer in opening the horizon of Arab criticism on an issue that was not aware of the Arab culture. This was manifested by the Iraqi critic Yassin al - Nasir, who presented a realistic social vision of the place's relationship with the text - The research concluded that the Iraqi critic directed to monitor this dominant element (place) and its approach according to the monetary trends according to the intellectual and cultural backgrounds that emanate from it. The critics did not move away from two viewpoints, the first is an external trend and the other is a useful internal trend of contextual and textual monetary approaches in dealing with Literary texts.In conclusion, I would like to thank and thank all the media theologians, and our last prayer is to thank God, the Lord of the Worlds, and to pray to His Messenger, the faithful, the God and His Companions.

الاطلاق في الاحكام النحوية

Author name: اياد عبد الجبار احمد الويسي
Supervisor name: نصيف جاسم محمد علي الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
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