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مقاصد الشريعة واثرها في الوقاية الصحية والسلامة العامة في الاسلام == The purposes of Sharia and its impact on the prevention of health and public safety in Islam

Author name: مها محمد حامد
Supervisor name: سمية عبد الوهاب شعبان
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مواقف للنبي وال البيت في اركان الاسلام واثرها في سلوك المسلم : نماذج تطبيقية

Author name: غسق هشام علي
Supervisor name: وفاء كاظم سليم
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

عمارة الارض في مرويات الامام الصادق (عليه السلام) واثارها في المجتمع == Building the land in the irrigated Imam al - Sadiq and its effects in society

Author name: باسم عبد الزهرة دعير المطيري
Supervisor name: حسام عبد الزهرة غافل | عطا مهدي فليح
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

السمات السلوكية في قصة مريم عليها السلام : دراسة تربوية == THE BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THR STORY OF MARY (PEACE BE UPON HER) (PEDAGOGICAL STUDY)

Author name: سارة عبد الله هدايت
Supervisor name: حيدر تقي فضيل العلاق
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Quran Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

الولاية بين الخلافة والامامة في القران الكريم : دراسة في ضوء الفهم والتطبيق في المجتمع الاسلامي

Author name: ثقيف كاظم حمد محراث
Supervisor name: حيدر تقي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

اشكالية الفـعـل الانسانـي بـيـن المســـيحية والاســـــلام : دراسة كلامية مقارنة == The problematic of human action Between Christianity and Islam ((Comparative study))

Author name: اياد رمضان محمد نزك
Supervisor name: علي حسين حسن الجابري
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Thought
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الوعد بارض الميعاد في اسفار العهد القديم : عرض ونقد == THE PROMISED OF THE PROMISED LAND IN THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT (PRESENTATION AND CRITICISM)

Author name: رنا يوسف توفيق
Supervisor name: وليــد عبــد الجبار احمد
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Creeds
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

المضامين التربوية في سورة الحج واثرها في تقويم المجتمع الاسلامي

Author name: مروة محمد عرد عبد الله
Supervisor name: حيدر تقي فضيل العلاق
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Quran Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

تعدد معاني الالفاظ القرانية في تفسير مجمع البيان للشيخ الطبرسي (ت548هـ) == The Multitude of the Quranic Articulations' Meaning in Majma' Al.Bayan Exphnation of Al.sheick Al.TTubrusi (548)

Author name: دعاء سبع خماس
Supervisor name: مجيد طارش الربيعي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Quran Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

الدلالة القرانية في عقود المرجان في تفسير القران للسيد نعمة الله الجزائري (ت1112هـ) == The Qur,anic Connotation In Explaining Oqood Al.Merjan by Al.Sayd Ne,ma Allah Al.Jeza,ry (B 1112 A.H)

Author name: فرقد لفته يابر
Supervisor name: مجيد طارش الربيعي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Quran Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

الحرابة اسبابها ومعالجتها : البحث التكميلي الثاني

Author name: زياد طارق حمودي نجم الجبوري
Supervisor name: عبد الستار حامد الدباغ
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Law
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

ايات الخيانة في القران : دراسة وتحليل

Author name: فيصل نجم عبد الله
Supervisor name: مظفر شاكر محمود
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Interpretation
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مقاصد الشريعة في القواعد الكلية ونماذج تطبيقية في احكام الاسرة

Author name: اسراء محمد سالم زيدان
Supervisor name: علي منصور علي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Usul Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
First pages:
Abstract: ان مما يميز الشريعة الاسلامية العظيمة ,ان لها اصولا ثابتة لا تتغير, تحكم بواسطتها عملية الاجتهاد الفقهي, ولها قواعد كلية راسخة تندرج تحتها احكام جزئيات غير متناهية , تتسع لكل نازلة وتستوعب كل مستجد. وهذان عنصران من عناصر الثبات والتجدد في هذه الشريعة وجميع احكامها وانظمتها بلا استثناء.ومقاصد الشريعة وملاحظتها عنصر اخر للثبات والتجدد, فاذا عز الدليل, وتزاحمت الاراء, وتدافعت الاجتهادات, كانت المقاصد هي الملجا والحكم الفيصل؛ اذ انها من اصول التشريع القطعية .وقد لاحظ المسلمون ومنذ فجر الدعوة الارتباط الوثيق بين احكام الشريعة ومقاصدها, والذي طالما نبه عليه رسول الله  ليرسخ في اذهان الصحابة ذلك التلازم.وقد اوردت كتب السيرة ومتون الحديث انباء عن حوادث كثيرة نبه فيها الرسول  على مقاصد الشارع من الاحكام وحكمته, ولم يغب هذا التلازم عن اذهان الخلفاء الراشدين , ابتداء من محاربة الصديق  لمانعي الزكاة, واصراره على جمع القران, مرورا باقضية الفاروق, وتوحيد ذي النورين الناس على مصحف واحد وحرقه لبقيتها, وليس اخرها محاربة علي كرم الله وجهه للخوارج, وغيرها من الحوادث التي ملات بطون الاسفار. وقد كان الافتاء وقتها ميسورا لقلة الحوادث والمستجدات, الا ان اتساع رقعة الدولة الاسلامية, وتزايد اعداد المسلمين من العرب وغيرهم من الامم والشعوب , وسعت من الحوادث والمسائل المستجدة فتوسعت معها دائرة الفقه, وتعددت مذاهبه, وتنوعت مدارسه. ولما تزايدت اعداد طلاب العلم, وكثر اتباع المذاهب, احتاجت كل مدرسة ومذهب الى وضع قواعد لتنتظم في خيطها الاحكام, وترتبط بواسطتها الفروع باصولها, وبسهل بذلك على المتاخرين الالمام بالفقه على اصول شيوخهم واساتذة مذهبهم, فكان فن القواعد الفقهية, وقد تنبه الباحثون المتاخرون الى وجود قواعد كلية تندرج تحتها قواعد فرعية كثيرة العدد, وكلها لها حضور في جميع ابواب الفقه بلا استثناء, فاشبعوها دراسة وتاصيلا وجمعا وتقسيما وترتيبا وتصنيفا, اما مقاصد الشريعة, فالموضوع القديم الجديد, الذي لايزال غضا, وان طال الزمن منذ ان تناوله الامام الشاطبي في الموافقات والاعتصام, ومن قبله الامام عز الدين بن عبد السلام في القواعد الكبرى والصغرى, ثم كتب فيه من المحدثين الشيخ الطاهر بن عاشور, ويوسف العالم, ونور الدين الخادمي, واحمد الريسوني وغيرهم. وهذه الرسالة محاولة لقراءة المقاصد بصورة جديدة, تعتمد على اعمالها في القواعد الفقهية, واستخدام القواعد المتفرعة عن كل قاعدة كلية لضبط الفتوى.فقصد الشارع , الذي اشار اليه الامام الشاطبي عنوان كبير تندرج تحته قواعد فقهية تضبط عمل المكلف, بحيث يبقى التلازم بين مقاصد الشريعة العليا وحكمها وبين احكام الجزئيات وثيقا.ومثل ذلك يقال عن قصد المكلف, وهو ما يحتاج المفتي والقاضي الى ملاحظته قبل اعطاء الفتوى واصدار الحكم. | The most important factor that distinguishes the great Islamic law, is that it has fixed assets that do not change, which controls the jurisprudence provisions, and has a well - established comprehensive rules under which every provision ,no matter how small, fall under .these provisions can accommodate all coming down and absorb all the newbie with infinite details. These two elements are the elements of stability and renewal in this Sharia and all its provisions and regulations without exception.Another element of stability and renewal in Sharia is its purposes and observation of them, so if the proof can't be found, and a and lots of opinions interpretations emerged, then the purposes of Sharia that becomes the judgment that will have the final word and the shelter to return to, as it is one of the definitive and permanent origins of Sharia and its legislation.It has been observed since the dawn of Islam the close association between the provisions and purposes of the Sharia , to which prophet Mohammad always remind of and concentrated on to entrench in the minds of the Sahabah (companions)that correlation.In Lots of incidents that are reported in the prophet Mohammad biographies (Sera) and his speech textbooks (Hadith), Prophet Mohammed alerted to the purposes of highest legislator (Allah almighty) and his wisdom in those legislations. This correlation has not gone unnoticed from the minds of the Caliphs, which demonstrated in many incidents starting from the fight of Abo Baker Al - Sedeek against those who withheld Zakat, and his insistence on the compilation of the Qur'an, through the legislations (Akdhiah) of Al - Farouk, and the uniting of the Koran in a single copy and burning the rest by Othman, and not the last the fight against the offenders (Kharijites), and other incidents that filled the textbooks. The advisory (Fatwa) at that time was accessible due to the scantiness of incidents and situations which require it, But the expansion of the Islamic State, and the growing numbers of Muslims from Arab and other nations and populations, resulted in the emergence of new and vast amount of accidents and emerging issues, which in turn led to expansion in Islamic jurisprudence (Fikeh), increase in number of Islamic doctrines (Mathaheb) and variation of schools. As an increasing number of science students, and many follow the doctrines, required each school and the doctrine to establish its own rules for the organization of its way in provisions, linked through which branches to their origins, and so it will facilitate for the followers to have knowledge of jurisprudence on the assets and origins of elders and masters and teachers of doctrine, so the art of jurisprudence was born. Later researchers became aware of the presence of the comprehensive provisions, fall under which an infinite number of sub rules, all of which have a presence in all sections of the doctrine, without exception, so they preserved no power in the study and collection, arrangement and division and classification of these rules.While the purposes of the provisions, the old - new issue, is still standing of, even though long time had passed since Imam Shatby dealt with in his (Al - Mwafakat Wali'tesam), and before him the Imam Izz al - Din ibn Abdul Salam (Al - Kwai'ed Al - Sughra Walkubra), then wrote it from modern researchers Sheikh Tahar Ben Ashour, and Yusif Al - Alim, and Noureddine Alkhadami, Ahmed Al - Raissoni and others.This research is an attempt for a new reading and understanding of the purposes of Sharia, which depends on its effect on provisions and jurisprudence, and the use of branching provisions for each comprehensive provision to set the base of Fatwa.So the purpose of Highest legislator (Allah almighty), which Imam Shatby referred to, is a big heading under which many subheadings of provisions fall ,which in turn regulate the life of the person , in order to keep the correlation between the ultimate purposes of Sharia and the minor provisions linked.The same can be applied to the individual, which requires the judge to the Mufti and observed before giving opinion and judgment.

مبدا العدالة في الفقه الامامي == Principle of justice in Islamic jurisprudence

Author name: نرجس صالح صاحب الموسوي
Supervisor name: محمد حسين عبود الطائي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The researcher arrived _ after this scientific trip _ to a number of results that the search results are as follows : 1_ the study of justice and understanding it is important necessary and essential it is related to many verdicts _ and it is a condition of their validity _ that have something to do with our daily lives such as (prayer _ zakat_ hajj _ divorcement …ECT) 2_ the concept of justice and its emergence turned out to be as ancient as man's history and the mission of the prophets (peace be upon them) and that is because of the urgent need of the mankind for it3_ the concept of justice in Islam is not concise and limited to a particular topic but it deals with a variety of doctrinal, ideological and political topics4 _. We found that the concept of Justice from jurisprudential perspective is the adherence to piety i.e. avoiding the Grievous sins and not to insist on venial sins 5_ The holy Quran and Prophetic Tradition have attached great impotence - by word and deed to the concept of justice. The concept of Justice represented in person by the prophet Muhammad Al - Mustafa (s) and his holy progeny (put) as well as by Grand scholars and marajas throughout the long history of Hawza6_ The grand scholars held different views regarding the division of the sins. According to the early scholars, they are one partition, i.e. all the sins are Grievous sins whereas the latter scholars divided the sins into two divisions Grievous sins and not to insist on venial sins 7_The grand scholars held different views venial sins undermines the person's justice it does whereas the others said it does not8_ As we see justice has different facets such as the piety common knowledge that triggers suspicion, and justice in absolute sense.etc.9_ Justice is one of the important conditions that must be met in a number of acts of worship such as prayer. As Justice is one of the conditions that a person who leads the prayer should have. It is also present in fasting since it achieves kind of social justiceas the poor receive som of fasting financial resources. Justice is presents in zakat as well since the entitled persons to receive zakat must be just 10_Justice is an essential condition in commercial and civil acts or dealings under Islamic law as is the case in will (wasiyya). Justice was required as a prerequisite for the witness to a will as well as for witness to a debt it is an essential condition that guardian of the children who still cannot use their money. It is also an important condition in doing Justice between wives 11 _justice is an essential condition in prescribed penalties and in some positions for justice is a prerequisite for witnesses to take their testimony it is also an important prerequisite for mujtahid and judge

وقائع من نظام الحسبة في الاسلام : دراسة مقارنة

Author name: ياسين رشيد عمر الزيباري
Supervisor name: ساهرة الدوري
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Comparative Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

منهج الاصفهاني في شرح مطالع الانظار

Supervisor name: محمد رمضان عبد الله الشواني
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
First pages:

بيع الجزاف في الفقه الاسلامي

Author name: محمد ابراهيم عبد المجيد الشاهر
Supervisor name: عبد الستار حامد عبد الرحمن الدباغ
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

احكام سنن الوضوء من كتاب (العزيز في شرح الوجيز) للامام ابي القاسم عبد الكريم بن محمد الرافعي المتوفى (623هـ) على متن الوجيز للامام الغزالي المتوفى (505هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق

Author name: هناء سعيد جاسم الجبوري
Supervisor name: محمد عبيد عبد الله الكبيسي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تعقبات ابن كثير المخالفة لابن الصلاح في كتابه اختصار علوم الحديث القسم الثاني في الرواية

Author name: اسماعيل خليل محمد العيساوي
Supervisor name: زياد محمود رشيد العاني
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Hadith
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الحركة الفقهية في كربلاء محمد الشيرازي ت 1422هـ انموذجا == THE JURISPRUDENTIAL MOVEMENT IN KARBALA MOHAMMED AL - SHIRAZI MODEL

Author name: حامد رحمن عباس حمادي الحميداوي
Supervisor name: ضرغام كريم كاظم الموسوي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The attempt to read (the movement of jurisprudence in the holy city of Karbala, the renewed Shirazi model) makes us stand before the hub derived from the following results : - Karbala has become a scientific center since the introduction of Imam Hussein peace be upon him and the establishment of the scientific huts next to the tomb of Sharif. - The foundations of Imam Sadiq (Peace be upon him) estate in Karbala the beginning of the second century Hjri Voklp scholars and modernists and scientists. - After the death of Imam Sadiq (Peace be upon him) Imam Kadhim peace be upon him leadership of the scientific estate. - Karbala's estate continued to develop in intellectual and scientific periods of various jurists of Sheikh Mufid and others.5 - The renewed Shirazi turning point in the history of the possession of Karbala because of his innovations and stations were not at other. - The Renaissance Shirazi descendant of a deep - rooted family in Islamic jurisprudence and political Islam, influenced by his mind the nature of this family to be scientific and political activities as an extension of the activities of his family scientists. - The character of the Rev. Shirazi is characterized by a combination of high moral qualities that have influenced political thought, especially his views on amnesty, tolerance, non - violence, human rights and public freedoms. - Majed Al - Shirazi has a special methodology that governed his political thought and was based on three methodological equations : the Islamic perspective, the diversity of intellectual production, the unity ofdirection, and the starting from reality to construct the example, indicating that he was not chaotic or confused in his writings. - wanted the renewed Shirazi of his political activity inside and outside Iraq to spread the Islamic culture and deepen it between the Muslim peoples to demonstrate the principles and provisions and rules of Islam and put them in a modern manner gives them effectiveness and arbitrariness on any system of knowledge status; In this way, all available means of personal dialogue were used to refer to the Scriptures. - He founded the Mirage of Shirazi, the largest encyclopedia of jurisprudence, which was preceded by modernity, branching, reasoning and keeping pace with the age, which made it distinct from others. - The states can be divided into five theories and these theories differ in terms of capacity and narrowness depending on the evidence. - The reformist Syriac adopted the theory of the jurisprudents. He tries to give the religious authority consultative status and election, and away from tyranny and dictatorship, with his belief in the theory of public prosecution. - Contrary to the reformer Shirazi Imam Khomeini, who counted the mandate of the jurist Division of the mandate of God and His Messenger, the renewal of Shirazi stipulated that the ruler derives legitimacy from God Almighty and his ability of God and the nation and that the jurisprudence is fair and selected by the majority of the nation. - Making the Shurazi Shura Majlis (Majlis) is binding on the ruler (Faqih) after his election in each case. It is not enough for the Islamic ruler to apply the principles of Islam and its laws without the Shura law, and the limits of the authority of the ruling jurist are restricted within the framework of the powers granted to him by the people according to the constitution. To save his opinion against the will of imitators, even if elected from them. - The Rev. Shirazi stressed that Islamic law is the basis for the building of the state, and this is evident in the form of the state in the renew. - The reformer Shirazi has developed several elements for the success of the Islamic state, including the application of Islamic law, and obedience17 - The reformist Shirazi says that the constitution is not binding on Muslims because binding words of jurists, because the words of jurists based on several things, the most important obedience to God and the Messenger and obedience to his deputies, whether his deputies in the case of life and attendance or their deputies in case of absence. - Al - Shirazi does not believe in geographical borders and the reason for this because he believes that the borders of the state include all parts of the Islamic world in one political unit. - Al - Shirazi believes that economic independence requires political independence. - believes renewing Shirazi believes in the abolition of the law of nationality in the Islamic state, replaced by a single Islamic nationality that eliminates differences between Muslims because Muslims are brothers, and not distinguish them except piety, believes that the language of the Koran is the official language of the state. - Al - Shirazi believes that the legal personality of the state and that this personality is part of the personality of the state will remain the survival of the state and the person who comes to the institutions of the state, whether a president or a minister or a manager treats the treatment of the first individual, such as to kill a man by mistake and the laws, whether in the government or not , And the second treatment of the international personality of his signatures and transactions for the state and others are not on the one hand, but on the one hand (personal rights) obtained by the chair. - The validity of the state when it is renewed, such as legislation and the enactment of laws and framing the law in Islam and be in the opinion of the majority in parliament. - believes renewing Shirazi renewal of jurisprudence because Islam is the religion of life as in the jurisprudence of life and Islam religion of life and the ability of Islam to cover the needs until the latest developments, and that scholars have the ability to devise advanced laws of life based on the laws of Islam. - did not stop renewing Shirazi in the area of jurisprudence, but rather branching in detail that was not preceded by one or at least did not address it, has written in jurisprudence and politics according to the economy and according to the meeting in accordance with governance in Islam and according to the Islamic government and according to the international community. - that the renewing Shirazi does not believe in the legislative vacuum, and we find that in its explanatory approach any reference to the vacuum area, we find everything based on the assets of the Koran is a statement of everything and then the assets delivered by the imams of the people of the House peace be upon them.

احكام العلاج والتجميل الجيني في الفقه الاسلامي

Author name: حيدر فائق مهدي عوز
Supervisor name: بلاسم عزيز شبيب الزاملي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: This scientific thesis dealt with one of the most important topics of genetic engineering from the jurisprudential aspect, namely, (treatment and genetic beautification / jurisprudential study), where this topic is one of the new topics in the Islamic Shari'a, it is necessary to explain its legitimacy and its advantages in terms of medical, ethical ,There is no doubt that the treatment and cosmetic genetics has achieved many achievements and has many positive effects, but it is not without some of the negative effects may be inflicted on the person himself or even his offspring This research has been divided into a preliminary and three chapters . : 197The introduction of the jurisprudence of modern issues and its importance, as we were introduced to the definition of the jurisprudence of the new cases, and the validity of Islamic law for all time and place, and the characteristics and importance of the jurisprudence of new issues .Then came the first chapter entitled / definition of treatment and genetic beautification, came to the definition of definitions, terminology and medical techniques related to the subject .The second chapter contains the rule of therapeutics by means of gene therapy and beautification of all kinds .And then the third chapter, which came under the title / cosmetic surgical and genetic, where the rule of cosmetic and surgical operations was stated .The conclusion included the most important research results and finally the research recommendations

جامع الرموز شرح النقاية مختصر الوقاية للمولى شمس الدين محمد بن حسام الدين القهستاني الحنفي المتوفى نحو (950 هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق من بداية فصل العدة الى فصل من حلف بالقسم او الشرطية

Author name: قصي انور حسين احمد الجحيشي
Supervisor name: جميل عليوي ناصر الشمري
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

جامع الرمــــــوز شرح مختصر الوقاية للامام محمد القهستاني الحنفي المتوفى (950هـ) من بداية كتاب الوقف الى كتاب المفقـود : دراسة وتحقيق == Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research The Islamic University / Baghdad College of AL - Fiqh & hisproprieties

Author name: ميكائيل رشـيد علي باني
Supervisor name: يعقوب بن ناظم السعدي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful . All praise is due to Allah alone, Lord of all the worlds. Prayers and peace on Mohamad " peace of God upon him " who send as a mercy for all people and to all of his family and friends : - Collector symbol" Jameh Al - Rmooz" from its name we can find out that it collects every symbol in religion,any way it covers books with idioms and symbols in details and differentiate in it .It studies all "Al - Fiqh Madhab" even the strange faces in it. This means that ( Al - Kahistani )'s skills and cares with the matters carried over from(Al - Mathahib books) with taking their opinions in exact and safe way to every one in details ,so this refers to his ability to explain the religion ,by this way he is the best . I choose two matters as a comparative studying on the women because the freedom inviter in our society used women as a gun to corrupt the society without thinking and understanding what they are doing . Therefore, it is important for us to know five necessary things which Islam deals with it with their branches until we get purity Religion for Islam nation .The third matter deals with a research on naming " Al - Tathkia"this will help the Moslems to understand it completely with basic and non - basic matters because the Moslems need it in their daily life . We understand now that ( Al - Fiqh ) deals with daily human beings life , therefore, it's necessary for scholars to study and analyze it depending on words in " Quran" and "Al - Suna books" then presenting it for Moslems , this will make Moslems understanding their religion . Al - Fiqh is very important for people to understand Islam and worshiping Allah . Finally , our thanks to God and all praise is due to him alone, lord of all the worlds .

جامع الرموز شرح النقاية مختصر الوقاية للامام محمد بن حسام الدين القهستاني الحنفي المتوفى نحو (963هـ) من كتاب الرهن الى كتاب الوقف : دراسة وتحقيق

Author name: ايوب تقي توفيق
Supervisor name: علاء حسين محمد
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Fiqh
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تعليل الاحكام الشرعية عند شيخ الاسلام ابن تيمية في العبادات والمعاملات : كتاب مجموع الفتاوى انموذجا == Justification of Islamic Rules At Islamic Shaik Bin Taimia in worships and treatments The book of Fatwas (prototype

Author name: مهند عبد الجبار محمد فتحي الحياني
Supervisor name: فرحان احمد علي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان مسالة تعليل الاحكام في الشريعة الاسلامية من المسائل المهمة والتي تضيف الى الشريعة سمة الاصلاح لكل زمان ومكان؛ ومن هنا كان عملي في هذا البحث المتواضع، والذي يمكن ان يستخلص بما يلي : ان تعليل الاحكام ثابت بالكتاب الكريم، والسنة المطهرة، وافعال الصحابة ، ولا يمكن ان يمنعه احد.ان الكلام الحاصل في مسالة تعليل الاحكام، والاختلاف الذي دار بين المجيزين والمانعين، هو خلاف مبناه على تعليل افعال الله تعالى في مسالة العقائد، والتي جرى الخلاف فيها بين المعتزلة واهل السنة على مسالة التحسين والتقبيح، فادخل اصول الفقه فيما ليس منه، فلا بد من دراسة كل مسالة على حدا.ان الاصل في الاحكام الشرعية التعليل سواء في العبادات، او المعاملات وهذا الذي قال به شيخ الاسلام ابن تيمية (رحمه الله)، وثبت بالواقع العملي لدى الفقهاء جميعا انهم يقولون بالتعليل، ولكن منهم المكثر ومنهم المقل، وعلى العموم نستطيع ان نقول بان جميعهم قال بالتعليل بتطبيقه الفقهي، وان خالف في قوله اللفظي.ان مسالة التعليل هي صلب المقاصد، وركنها الركين، ومراعاتها مراعاة للمقاصد الشرعية التي شرعت لاجلها الاحكام.وعلى هذا يعتبر شيخ الاسلام ابن تيمية (رحمه الله) من الموسعين في مسالة التعليل، حتى انه فاق الشاطبي (رحمه الله) الذي اشتهر بمراعاة المقاصد.ان للتعليل اهمية عظيمة، وفائدة كبيرة تتلخص بجعل الشريعة دائمة ومصلحة لكل زمان ومكان، ومن منع التعليل كان جامدا على ظواهر النصوص مما جعله يتكلف القول في بعض المسائل التي لا تقبلها العقول السليمة مثل مسالة استاذن البكر في الزواج فانها اذا صمتت كان في ذلك اشارة على القبول، واذا نطقت بالقبول منعت بحجة مخالفة ظاهر النص!ولا بد من مراعاة النسب الثلاث (الزمان والمكان وحال الشخص)؛ لان الشريعة راعتها، فاذا تغيرت احدى هذه النسب تغير الحكم الشرعي.وعلى تعليل المسائل فان اخراج القيمة في الزكاة اذا كان لحاجة الفقراء، وتحقيق المصلحة من سد حاجاتهم اكثر منها في الامور العينية وجب اخراج القيمة؛ لتحقيق مقصد الشريعة من تشريع الزكاة. وان من افطر بالاكل، او الشرب في نهار رمضان وهو يريد الجماع، وجبت في حقه كفارة الجماع، ولم يكتفي بالقضاء فقط سدا للذريعة.ومن هذا القبيل ذهب شيخ الاسلام (رحمه الله) الى عدم اشتراط الطهارة في الطواف، وعلى هذا جوز الطواف للحائض عند الحاجة، كذهاب الرفقة، او عدم الاستطاعة للرجوع للحج في العام القابل، ونحو ذلك. والقول الراجح هو جواز الصلاة في اوقات النهي اذا كانت من ذوات الاسباب؛ لان علة النهي كانت سدا للذريعة، وما منع سدا للذريعة يفعل عند حصول المصلحة الراجحة، كصلاة تحية المسجد ونحوها، وقد اول احاديث النهي بالتطوع المطلق التي ليس لها سبب متقدم.وان ابدال الوقف حتى المساجد بمثلها او بخير منها للحاجة او المصلحة وكذلك ابدال الهدى والاضحية والمنذور وكذلك ابدال المستحق بنظيره اذا تعذر صرفه الى المستحق والابدال يكون تارة بان يعوض فيها بالبدل وتارة بان يباع ويشترى بثمنها المبدل.وان العلة في التسعير على الناس متعلقة بتحقيق مصلحة ودفع مضرة عنهم، فمتى تحقق ذلك كان على الامام ان يسعر لهم ليس ثمن الاعيان فحسب، بل ادخله بكل ما يحتاج اليه الناس كاجرة الصناع، فان على الامام ان يسعر لهم الاجرة اذواقع ظلم وحيف على الناس.وختاما : فان التعليل جعل الشريعة متسمة بالخلود، والتيسير والتخفيف، فعل من يتصدر الافتاء، او التعليم ان يراعي هذا الجانب لكي لا ينشا جيل بعيد جامد على نصوص الائمة، او متطاولا عليهم، فلا يكون بين افراط وتفريط، بل ليكن وسطا بين طرفي نقيض.وصلى الله وسلم على سيدنا محمد  وعلى اله واصحابه الكرام، وعلى الائمة الاعلام | The matter of justification of Islamic rules (sharia) is considered to be an important matter which adds to sharia the feature of reification in the both timeand place, from here I started my job in this search , which could be extracted as followed : Justification in rules is fixed in holly Quran , in pure suna and in the followers (sahaba) deals, and nobody could prevent if the speech in rules justification and the difference between Forgivers and preventers , is a difference based on justification of Allah deeds within the matter of creeds by which the difference happened between Al Moatazila and people of Al Suna on the improvement and ugly matter , so that Osul Al fiqh is entered, so each matter should be studied separately .The source of sharia rules is the justification whether in worships or treatments as Shaikh of Islam Ibn Taimia mentioned , and it has been proved practically on injustice that they treat within justification.The matter of justification is the base of intentions .so that , Ibn Tamia is considered to be the extensioner in justification matter , in spite of Al Shatiby surpassing who was well - known in observance of intentions. Justification has a great important which could be briefed as making sharia intrest in both time and place , and who prevents justification is considered to be hard at texts outwards which makes him burden in some matters which fine brains couldn't accept them .We should observe the three proportions (time, place and a person's situation) as sharia observed them , and changing one of them , Islamic rule is changed . justification of matters , the value is extracted for poor people need in giving alms and achieving the interest to satisfy them in kinds , to a chief the purpose of Al Sharia from giving alms legislation.Who eats and drinks too much during the day of Ramadan and at the same time he wants to make a sex ,he has to do the expiation of sex .like , sheikh of Islam goes not to stipulate the purity from roaming , that why he allows roaming for menstruating on need , such as going with follower and so on. The contingent saying is to allow to do the pray in preventing times when she has own whys. The reason in pricing on people is related to achieve an interest and at the same time to pay out a harm from them . whenever this thing is achieved , Imam has to price for them not as a price of chiefs , but he makes it as all people need just like the wages of workers and Imam must price a wage for them when injustice falls on then . Finally : Justification made sharia characterize by immortality , facilitation , so who gives a legal opinion or teaching must observe this side in order not arise generation is far off Imams texts . Allah bless upon Mohamed as well as his followers .
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