Show: 25 50 75 100 Results

Search results: 25 out of 9,186

وصف المعارك والقتال في شعر الفرزدق == The Description Of The Battles And Fights In Al - Farazdaq Pootry

Author name: بهجت مهجر حبش الطعمة
Supervisor name: مصطفى عبد اللطيف جياووك
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The description of the Battles and fights in Al - Farazdaq Poetry : Al - Farazdaq is one of the greater Arabic poets who had a great attention from old and modern researchers, the researchers had study his poetry from many sides by criticism and analysis, but all those studies - as I Know - have been omit an important side of his poetry, that is the description of Battles and fights. Which I will show in this research by mentioning many of this long and short poems wich describe the Battles and fights from his Poetical works.The research shows that the poet's description for Battles devided into tow part’s, the first is a special description to the old and modren tribes Fights, and the second was his description to Al - umawia state Battles wich he has expanded on it. Because of the praising of Al Khulafa and princes and army leaders so he was one of the first's poets who opened the door to the next poets like ABI Tamam and Al - Mutanaby to describe the Battles of the Kings and princes in future.The research also shows the description of Armies and Weapons in Al - Farazdaq Poetry, Explaining the Way's that Armies was organized by in this age. And how does it moved and attacked. And he mentioned the description of the Weapons and the high skills of the fighters.And the research shows the focusing of the poet on some parts of the Battle, specially the movement of the Knight's during the fight, and the Picture of the enemy wich represent the courage of the heroes. The research didn’t stop at the general adjectives of Al - Farazdaq poetry, but it is try to focus on Battles and Fights describtion. Wich the poet used the resembling to drow the pictures of this Battles, Al - Farazdaq poetry was a multi purposes poetry but the main purpose was the Fight events and the description of the fighters hi skills

شعر ابن المعلم الواسطي : دراسة موضوعية وفنية == The Poetry Of Ibn Al - Mu'Alim Al - Wasiti : A Study Of Topics And Style

Author name: ثائر عبد الزهرة لازم المياحي
Supervisor name: فالح كامل اسكندر المنصوري
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis is a study of an unknown poet who lived in the late era. The Poet concerned is Mohammed bin Ali bin Abdullah bin Al - Hussein bin Al - Qasim, who was called as Al - Harathi - Wasiti,Ibn Al - Mu’alim (Teacher) and referred to as Najim Al - Deen with the family name "Abu Al - Ghana’im”. The study tries to uncover the aspects of seriousness and innovation in his poetry in one hand, and to set the part to serve the whole so as to use the poet as a witness of his time. Thus the group of creative poets, among whom Ibn Al - Mu'alim lived, constitutes a strong evidence of the value and the level of literature at that time. This study tries to present a full vivid picture of the Artistic style of the poetry of Ibn Al - Mu’alim; a question which was very rarely tackled in details by the researchers before. There were only some hints and some quick remarks that were not adequate to provide a sufficient picture of the position and role of this poet at his time.The study starts with an introduction followed by two books. Book one deal with the political, social, religious, cultural, and literary aspects of his time. Book two is devoted to a biography of the poet concerning his name, family name, and year of birth, career and opinion of the critics of his time and the modern ones of his poetry, education and his death.Then, the study contains two parts consisting of nine chapters. Part one is a study of the topics tackled in his poetry such as those of courtship, praise, elegy, correspondence among brothers,…etc. Part two is concerned with the artistic style which includes the language, the rhyme, and the poetic image in Ibn - Al - Mu’alim's poems.The study ends with a conclusion that introduces the most important findings arrived at by the researcher

المطابقة في النحو العربي وتطبيقاتها في القران الكريم == Concord In Arabic Grammar And Its Applications In The Glorious Quran

Author name: فراس عصام شهاب السامرائي
Supervisor name: عدنان عبد الكريم جمعة السالم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, and a preface explaining the nature of “concord” according to Arabic linguists. Chapter one contains two sections. Section one is entitled “concord between subject and predicate”. Section two is entitled “concord between verb and subject”. Concord deals in this section with number and genre. This type is applied to the Glorious Quran. Chapter two consists of four sections. The first section deals with concord between noun and adjective. Adjective here is of two types : real adjective as in number, genre and definiteness and indefiniteness, and causal adjective. It deals with definiteness and indefiniteness. All Quranic examples are applied to this. Chapter two focuses on “concord and conjunctions”. Conjunction is in turn of two types. All Quranic examples in this domain are given. Section three deals with concord and apposition. Apposition has four types. Chapter three deals with “concord between pronoun and its referent”. This chapter has four sections. The first one is “concord between the singular pronoun and its referent”. It has two sections : when the pronoun is masculine singular or feminine singular. Examples are given from the Glorious Quran. Section two deals with “concord between Dual Pronoun and its Referent”. Quranic examples are given here. Section three discusses “Concord between plural pronoun and its referent”. It has two subsections : when the pronoun is masculine plural and when the pronoun is feminine plural. Examples are given from the Glorious Quran. Section four deals with “concord between partition pronoun. The thesis ends up with conclusions and references

الدكتور كامل حسن ا لبصير ودراساته البلاغيـة والقرانيـة == Dr. Kamil Hassan Al Baseer And Has Rhetorical And Critical Studies

Author name: محمد رحيم غريب
Supervisor name: حامد ناصر عبود الظالمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: It is my pleasure that my studying of master's stage deals with one of the Iraqi scientists of Arabic language ,he is the Prof. Dr Kamil Hassan AlBaseer who suggested by Prof. Dr Hamid AlDalimi to the subject of my studying. the reason behind his suggestion is that most of the Iraqi scientists are far away from the eye in spite of their good views in the sciences of Arabic language. Dr. kamil AlBaseer is one of the prominent Iraqi scientists who enriched the circle of rhetorical and critical researches with his great ideas and views. He also has a significant role in the defense of the authenticity of the Arab heritage on the rhetorical and critical level.As well as a lot of opinions who criticize and refute the opinions of the Arab researchers and orientalists that believe the effect of the Arabic rhetoric in foreigner.He adopted in his criticism in a lot of cases on the verses of the holy Quran thoroughbreds text.From hence the tittle is”Dr Kamil Hasan LBaseer and his rhetorical and critical studies. The aim behind this studying is that to appear the importance of his Quranic rhetorical studies. According to nature of this research ,we divided it into three chapters. Every one include many searches.this preceded by an introduction then a conclusion escorted which include the key finding of the research results.This follow by a list of references and sources that the research took its article from.The first chapter contains six sections ,the first include his autobiography and his scientific.the second topic handled his views on the development of Arabic language in the autonomous region (Kurdistan now). The third is on his contribution to the solution of the Kurdish problem with most important statement dialects of their language. The forth topic includes the opinions of the Ray Academy linguistic issues as what AlBaseer believe. the fifth topic is about the issues of technical interdependence between Arabs and Kurds in the cases of brotherhood and peace. The last one deals with the call of commitment in the contemporary felt between the views of Plato and Quranic standards. The second chapter include three sections ,first one is about the authenticity of Arab statement and his criticism to those who denied the authenticity of Arab statement and its influenced with foreigners especially Greek. The second part focuses on the concepts of technical image and its divisions.The third section is on his criticism Dr.Nusrat Abdel Rahman and Dr. Ali AlBatalon the subject of technical image. The third chapter has three sections ,the first is on his studies for the development of the wordy indication in the use of Quranic words according to four methodology and technical foundations : psychological foundation, sensory foundation, environmental foundation, vital foundation. The study of the second topic is to root method of the scientific researches in the light of the verses of holy Quran. The third section include his study of artistic Quranic metaphor in two of social issues.first is the technical Quranic metaphor in the verses of family and the second is the technical Quranic metaphor in the verses of Jews.

الافعال المتعلقة بالانبياء والمرسلين (عليهم السلام) في القران الكريم : دراسة صرفية ونحوية ودلالية

Author name: ازهار فاضل حسين
Supervisor name: احمد رسن صحن
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الموروث الشعبي في روايات شوقي كريم حسن مظاهره وتجلياته == Popular Tradition In The Novels Shawki Kareem Hasan Demonstration And Manifestations

Author name: جابر حسين جبر محمد
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This is the first academic studyAuthor ShawkiKareem HasanWriter and novelist.Shawki Kareem with seven novelsPrinted in addition to his other representative in the story and the television, radio and theater in addition to theactionjournalsShawki fire through his large collection of awards.Inside and outside IraqThe novelist and realistic movement of the suffering of people andcommunityAs well as the pride of Southern history in IraqAnd stretch it to the Sumerian civilizationWhich called attention to the popular heritage and legaciesPronouncing the customs, traditions and religious legaciesThe sayings and songs and poems, legends, tales and superstition.This attention invited him to hire it in his novels directly or symbolic and became a hallmark in his novels and rephrased so popular tradition in a newWith modernity language novel language and literature penned his waist and this attention so he invited me to go and to write a research addressing the populartradition And manifestations and manifestations Created search of an introduction and paveAnd a profile of the biography and life Shawki Kareem Hasan and his creativity andA summary of the research as well as the first three chapters titled popular tradition consists resources and consists of three sections Zama second chapter entitled employ the popular tradition and consists of three sections The third chapter titled inherited popular symbolic and consists of four topics and then a conclusion and a list of References and a summary in English

الطاعة في القران الكريم : دراسة في البنى التركيبية واثرها في المعنى == Obedience In Holy Quran A Study In Componential Structures And Their Effect In Meaning

Author name: زينب هاشم راشد
Supervisor name: صيوان خضير خلف المياحي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The holy Quran has always been a pure fountain of resources for learners and searchers. Its verses and suras have been an endless resource which enriched grammarians and the scientists of Arabic with their books. This papers has its subject from the holy verses , Thus it is called '' Obedience in Quran : A study in the componential structures and their effects in meaning''. After analyzing the verses where obedience is clearly uttered or implied in their componential structures. The research plan was to divide the paper into three chapters; starting with an introduction , then preface , and finally, conclusion with the most important results besides resources and reference. The preface dealt with the meaning of obedience , the utterances leading to it , and its types in the holy Quran.The first chapter has the title The grammatical fictional of the names ''. ; it has three chapters. The first topic studies the indication of the nominative names. The second one studies the indications of the subjunctive names , while the third one studies the indications of the genitive names.The second chapter has the title of '' studying styles and their indications''. It is also divided into two topics. The first one is concerned with studying the negative style and its indications, the metaphor meanings used, and the conditional style and its indication.While the third chapter has the title of (Types of the componential structures). It is also divided into three topics. The first one is studies the putting in front and back the studying of words. The most significant difference in the componential structures is meant for the intentions and indications , in which holy Quran clearly illustrated. The chapter is specified to study the illumination of the letter and / or the word. And also studying the predicative elements that are eliminated and none predicative elements. The illumination of the sentence. The chapter has been concluded with the separation and the coordination which has been dealt with in the third topic. Finally the conclusion of the study contained the most important results of the research.This paper has used the analytical descriptive method in studying the componential structures , and the meanings , and the new indications built in the structures. Eventually , I would like to thank my supervisor who has been very kind and compassionate. I am so grateful to him for the information , God bless him and gives him all the best that he deserves. All thanks are to be to Allah and his blessing upon his most honorable creature , prophet Mohammed and his kind pure relative.

الظواهر التركيبية في الصحيفة الباقرية الجامعة لادعية الامام محمد بن علي الباقر (عليهما السلام) (ت 114هـ) : دراسة نحوية دلالية == Phenomena Structural In Al - Sahifa Al - Baqiriah (Scripture Of Imam Al - Baqir) Al - Jama'Ah For Duas Imam Muhammad Bin 'Ali Al - Baqir (T.114 H)

Author name: نـوري عبد الكريـم نعمة
Supervisor name: نوري حساني علوان الكاظمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study addressed the prayers of Imam Mohammed bin Ali Al - Baqir (peace be upon them) Group in the book of Alssahifa Al - Baqrya The study titled (structural phenomena in Alssahifa Al - Baqrya University of Prayers Imam Muhammad bin Ali Al - Baqir) as it represents the phenomena of reverse, in the format compositional text Al - Baqrya thoughtful, involves a lot of purposes Aldalalaah jokes rhetorical, and nature of the material studied deemed to be a study plan on the three chapters unprecedented boot and followed by a conclusion and bibliography sources research and Review, the boot having on poverty was three : the first paragraph definition of the owner of Alssahifa AlBaqrya, second paragraph definition Alssahifa Al - Baqrya, came the third paragraph of the definition of the phenomenon and to install, either chapters was first called the phenomenon of submission and delays, and included sections three : first topic : the introduction in the nominative or indicative, the second topic : the introduction in the accusatival, section III : to provide semi - sentence, and came second chapter entitled phenomenon of repetition, Investigation has joined four : first topic : Duplicate name, the second topic : repetition, the third section the character repeat, section IV : repeat the sentence, and was the third chapter entitled phenomenon absolutely restriction, has been included on the Investigation of five : first topic : the restriction in replication , section The second restriction effectives, section III, the restriction condition, Section IV : restriction in the negative, Section V : restriction to minors, the study concluded that the most important results, which include : 1. The phenomena of synthetic disclose the meanings and connotations did not disclose sentence in its infrastructure2. The texts of the newspaper came Al - Baqrya expressive accurately reflect what is going on in the mind of the Imam of the feelings and attitudes.3. The diversity of linguistic usage of the phenomenon of submission and delays, all of these uses has connotations and purposes.4. way redundancy hinting structurally prominent in Dua'as Al - Baqrya paper work to show the central idea is the propaganda of the text which is contained therein.5. Repetition did not come out Dua'as Alssahifa AlBaqrya religious terms of reference which are based on the divine self holy expand the exclusion and benign, urgency in the need for the desired application in supplication.6. Most Dua'as newspaper contexts AlBaqrya was restricted, and perhaps the reason for this is due to the appropriate case and calling the context of the case and the place which is said to pray.7. The impact of these restrictions clear in highlighting the meaning and significance in enriching the Dua'as newspaper AlBaqrya

شعر موفق محمد : دراسة في البنية الفنية == Mowafaq Mohammed's Poetry : A Study Of Artistic Structure

Author name: محمد حاكم مسير جاسم
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: فان الشاعر موفق محمد من شعرائنا المعاصرين الذين حملوا هموم الحياة واكتووا بنارها وكان الشعر سلاحهم الذي يخفف عنهم الام الحياة واحزانها . وقد وجدت ان هذا الشاعر له حضور فاعل في الحياة الثقافية لمشاركته في المحافل الادبية بصوته المؤثر وقدرته على تحريك المشاعر وجذب المستمعين واستمالة عواطفهم ولما اصدره من مجاميع شعرية لها وقع متميز لدى المتلقين من هنا وقع اختياري عليه لدراسة ( البنية الفنية في شعره ) لمعرفة مدى ما وصل اليه من المهارة والحذق في صياغة الشعر وتلوين خيوط نسيجه وعندما شرعت في البحث عن المصادر التي عنيت بدراسته عجبت لندرتها وانصرافها الى حد كبير عن دراسة ما يتمخض عنه شعره من جوانب فنية فالشاعر موفق محمد على الرغم من مكانته المتميزة بين شعراء عصره لم يحظ بدراسة علمية تعنى بما يشتمل عليه شعره من عناصر الابداع ، فشمرت عن ساعد الجد وجعلت هذه الغاية هدفا اسعى الى تحقيقه . لقد اعتمدت في دراستي هذه مصادر كثيرة منها ما كتبت عن الشاعر نفسه ومنها مصادر نقدية وادبية متنوعة ، كما اعتمدت في تحليل النصوص على مجاميعه الشعرية التي اصدرها ، هادفا الى ابراز اهمية دور الشاعر ومكانته في اوساط المجتمع وجمالية لغته الشعرية وصوره وايقاع الشعر الذي اتخذه منهجا يعبر من خلاله عما يختلج في خاطره من قضايا الوطن والمجتمع والقضايا الانسانية والسياسية بشكل عام . قامت هذه الدراسة على خطة سعيت من خلالها الى الاحاطة بعناصر الفن الشعري عند هذا الشاعر ومهارته في استمالة القلوب اليه ، وكانت الخطة على النحو الاتي ، مقدمة وتمهيد وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة ، تلتها قائمة بالمصادر وملخص باللغة الانكليزية . اختص التمهيد بالتعريف بالشاعر وحياته واعماله الشعرية ومكانته المتميزة بين الشعراء الاخرين ودور الشاعر في الحراك الثقافي والادبي فضلا عن عرض اراء من عاصره من النقاد والادباء فيه . وفي الفصل الاول درست اللغة الشعرية على ثلاثة مباحث تناولت في المبحث الاول : معجمه الشعري . وفي المبحث الثاني : مصادر معجمه الشعري وضم المبحث الثالث : اساليب الطلب عند الشاعر . وخصصت الفصل الثاني لدراسة الصورة الشعرية مبتدئا الفصل بمقدمة عن الصورة ودور الخيال في تشكيلها . وانتظم الفصل الثاني بمبحثين تناولت في المبحث الاول : اساليب بناء الصورة الشعرية . وفي المبحث الثاني : درست انماط الصور ومصادرها . اما الفصل الثالث فقد اهتم بالبنية الايقاعية وقد جاء على ثلاثة مباحث ، الاول : دراسة الايقاع الخارجي . والثاني : الايقاع الداخلي . والثالث : دراسة القافية ، وانهيت دراستي بالخاتمة ذاكرا اهم ما ورد فيها من نتائج وملاحظات توصلت اليها . وفي الختام اتقدم بالشكر الى استاذي المشرف الاستاذ الدكتور ( سوادي فرج مكلف ) لرعايته الابوية وتوجيهاته وملاحظاته التي لم تخل منها صفحة من صفحات هذه الرسالة . ولا ادعي لعملي الكمال فالكمال لله وحده عليه توكلت واليه انيب ومنه التوفيق والسداد . | Mowafaq Mohammed is a contemporary Iraqi poet, who uses poetry as a means to detect the manifestations of infertility in the society and to criticize political situations which led to abuse and bad treatment of people. His poetry came as a loud scream against tyrant rulers and an expression of sadness, depression and hopelessness. The study uncovered the artistic aspects that he employed to achieve the goals and ends he is aiming to. The study critically and analytically tackled the poet's language and his artistic images and poetic rhythm. The poet's language is characterized by; easiness and simplicity, free of complexity and sophistication and diversity of words in his poetic lexicon which varied into words of grief, nature, proper nouns, colloquial words, foreign words, words of love, war, arms and wine. His request styles vary into : interrogation, vocation, command and inhibition which mostly have many metaphoric themes. The holy Qur'an is one of the most important resources that he used to form his poetic imagery. He tends to form his imageries in new different ways to express his positions. Foot poetry is the most dominant type of his poetry, in addition to prose poem. Vertical poetry is a very rare phenomenon in his poetry. He mostly composed his poetry on Alrajaz, ALkamel and Almutadarak meters. He deliberated mixing between the meters within the same poem in many of his poetic texts. The poet employed the phenomenon of alternation between the artistic forms. Once we find his mixing between foot poetry and prose poem, other times he mixes between vertical poetry and foot poetry. He composed his poetry in different poetic themes; however, the most important of them are; elegy, description and satiric political poetry. Elegizing represents the greatest part of his poetry. Elegized persons in his poetry include Imam Hussein (Peace be Upon Him), his family, relatives and friends, especially his lost son. As for description, he is very well known of describing the city of Hilla; its people, allies, bridges and other natural aspects, living and silent ones. In terms of his political poetry, it can be considered as a document that recorded many of the events in Iraq.

شعر الفرسان في العصر الجاهلي : دراسة صوتية، صرفية، تركيبية == The Poetry Of The Pre - Islamic Era Knights A Phonological , Morphological And Structural Study

Author name: اسامة مهدي صالح الكعبي
Supervisor name: عبد الواحد زيارة اسكندر المنصوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present study is a linguistic investigation of the pre - Islamic knights’ poetry. It tackles twenty - five knight poets from the pre - Islamic era by studying their poetry linguistically within three levels; the phonological level, the morphological level, and the structural level. The fourth level i.e., the semantic level is not neglected in the present study as each of the three aforementioned levels requires semantic interpretation in the analysis of poetic texts. As such the semantic level is considered as a prerequisite in the phonological, morphological, and structural analysis of poetic texts. Throughout the study, it is found that the analytic descriptive approach is the best approach in the linguistic investigation of the pre - Islamic knights’ poetry. Accordingly, this approach has been taken as an analytical device to trace the linguistic phenomena phonologically, morphologically, and structurally. The present study falls into three chapters preceded by an introduction and a preliminary chapter and ends up with a conclusion. The introduction of the study includes identifying the reasons behind choosing the study subject, the criteria on which twenty - five knight poets from the pre - Islamic era are chosen, the approach followed in this study, the different names that this linguistic study might have and finally the study chapters with their contents are identified. The preliminary chapter defines the word “knighthood” terminologically and linguistically then a brief biographical information about each one of the twenty - five knight poets is given. The first chapter of the present study is concerned with the phonological level by studying the accumulation of sounds, the semantic interpretation of sounds and the poetry rhymes, each of which is dealt with in a separate section. In the second chapter, which deals with the morphological level, the first section is devoted to investigate nouns, verb derivations, and broken plurals. Another section is specified to verbs.The third chapter tackles the construction of the Arabic sentence in one section and the grammatical styles are examined in another one. Finally, the present study arrived at a number of conclusions. It is concluded that there is an accumulation of some sounds which reinforce the intended purpose of the poet. In addition there are some sounds that occur less frequently in the whole poem but they might recur and accumulate in one stanza. One of these sounds is the /z/ sound which is repeated in one stanza but is rarely found in the preceding twenty stanzas of the same poem. Moreover, there is a section in the third chapter that is devoted to reinforce the semantic interpretation of sounds as sounds refer to specific meaning or simulate the meaning in a context of speech. On the morphological level, the study concluded that there is a tendency to use the subject noun and the exaggerated forms by the knight poets justifying that these forms represent the actions that those poets liked to do which also reflect the moral values that they are characterised with like bravery, generosity, liberality, and pride. The study also drew a number of conclusions as far as the structural level is concerned. It concluded that the use of some grammatical styles by the knight poets was for showing their characters. One of these styles is assertion. Furthermore, it is found that there is another type of assertion which is not mentioned with other assertion types. For this type of assertion a poetic example from Hatem Al - Taa’ei on page 197 is given and analysed provided with some example sentences.

الخطاب الشعري في لافتات احمد مطر

Author name: محمد وليد محمد
Supervisor name: ضياء راضي محمد الثامري
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

مستويات التلقي وانماطه في القران الكريم

Author name: ضحى عبد الستار جبار العيسى
Supervisor name: حسين عبود حميد الهلالي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Thus, the receivers of Quran were on different degrees and above them all was the prophet, so he is the ideal receiver and the true receiver for the Quran because he is the target of it and those who came after him of pure Imams, then followed by believers and hen Muslims. The disbelievers class, their chiefs like Walid bin Ottba and Ottba bin Abi Rabee'a and Abu Jabil etc... received the holly text and the Call of the prophet and effected and admired it, more were effected in the frame of the Quran and most were effected by its charm and style and few effected by the Quranic stories and the tales of absence yet, they never be believers and never responded because the Quran never met their lusty deeds and their temporal benefits or it may the abilities of the receiver so weak tounderstand this miracle text. At last we said : The Holly Quran is the speech for both man and Jens and for all the nations Arab or otherwise of Books followers and otherwise and despite the creativeness of this text but it left different effects inside who received it all according to his understanding and knowledge of the text beside the lusty deeds and the benefits which were the reasons for the acceptance or refusal of that Quranic text.where showing the Paradise scenes and the hell and the torture. This was because to rise the en\motions of the receiver, also the mentioning of the dialogue between the paradise dwelt and the hell people leaves its effects in the soul of the receiver and to realize that being never received at the lower life and not responding for the messenger Mohammed (peace be upon him) will face not receiving by God the only Dear at the Account day.Part two includes (the receiver out side the Quran text) : it includes the process of announcing and receiving outside the Quranic spelt, it lies intwo chapters : Chapter one : the included (assumed) receiver : this will be achieved at every receiver automatically, positively and deeply, and it can be explained for both hidden and apparent meanings. He is the assumed receiver who has the ideals features in solving the codes of the text and he is unlimited receiver who fills in his circle all of those who receive the text automatically and positively Chapter two : the real receiver : it divided into two parts : 1. The receiver at the time of descending of the Holly Quran.2. The receiver after the death of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him), that is after ending of the aspirator and accomplish of the text (this is out of our research extend). The receiver at the time of the descending of the Holly Quran coulddistributed into : 1. The Deep in Knowledge : they are the prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) and the pure Imams (peace be upon them).2. The believers.3. The Muslims.4. The maneuvers.pon him) invitation, the messengers and prophets had receiving the divine speech either by way of aspirator or without any device, or by speech from behind abstract. All the prophets had received the divine speech with acceptance and obeying because they had special nature which is recalling and reacting with the speech. What about the receiving level of the people for their prophets, all people were divided into two parts : 1. Positive receiving.2. the negative receiving.Because the Holly Quran consists of direction towards the receiver, it has to make full use of the reaction of the people towards their prophets when they invited them their messages. The positive receiving leads to saving of this class. The second class was destroyed and had tortured because their receiving was negative.Chapter two : the receiving at the time of Message : it includes the Quranic verses which referred to Qoraish receiving and otherwise of the Call to the believing and how was the reaction. We got the idea that the level of receiving in Holly Quran divided into : belief people and other disbelief and other class maneuver. The belief people were positively receive the Call this what the Quranic verses referred to. The disbelief people had received the Call negatively and we reach the reasons which led to this negativity one of which running behind the wrong inheritance and heir denied for God sending man to be messenger. Also Islam and Quran never agree with their benefits which temporal and their lusty.aspects. Finally the people who were maneuvering, this class heard and received Quran from Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) but their minds never reacted with the speech because they made the process of the receiving failed to keep their benefits of removal. Chapter Three : the receiving at future : it concentrates on what is mentioned in Quran about announcing and receiving and the Account day he research is studying the theory of receiving and the relation Tbetween the reader, the receiver and the literary text. Holly Quran is the highest and the most creative literary text. The speech of Allah (be highest) is not normal speech, since it enforces the receiver to listen to it and react with. There is strong relation between the reader, the receiver and the literary text. Each of them has the authority. upon the reader because the text has the highest degree of effectiveness, the mature and integrated text can surround the receiver and the later has no way but to stoop to its authority. One of these texts is the Holly Quran and came next the poetic verses which were created by the biggest poets. Thus, any text carries the features of creativeness the receiver has no power to resist but to stoop to it since it launches from the satisfaction of that text. The reader in other side can practice his authority upon the text by hisability on creativeness in understanding the text.The thesis has been organized in preface, two parts and a conclusion.The preface deals with the mention of the linguistic aspect and the pronunciation idiom (for the receiver) and talks about the growth of receiving theory beside the aspects which form it, and mention the levels of the receiver too about the most prominent establishers of it.Part One : it includes (the receiving inside the Holly Quran text). It includes the process of '!.nnouncing and receiving at the Quranic spelt elf, it consist o~~apt' Chapter ~~· thi!"rec~t : " "g before Quran descending : it includes the Quran verses ""~£.~lk about receiving before descending of Quran like what happened to Adams (peace be upon him) at paradise and the earth, and the prophets who were prior to inspiration and Mohammed (peace be

الخلاف الصرفي في ضوء اللسانيات الحديثة وتطبيقاته في الشعر العربي

Author name: ساهر حسين ناصر
Supervisor name: سامي علي جبار المنصوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: T e present study is targeted at investigating the cases of the orph logical differentiation relying on the method , and ?,ettly the rabic poetry as the field of investigation , so as to brig a balance betwee the issue of differentiation and its influences.T e issue of morphological differontion was not so familiar for ore ge eration ' rather it was universal to the literary cars.' T e present study fell - in accordance with its aims - into three chapte s , The first chapter is devoted to deal with the issue if" the morph logical differentiation in verbs. Where as the second chapte npuns n\orph d,iscus is considered with the morphological differentiation in in accordance with their derivation. And the issue of logical different in nouns in accordance with their kinds, is d in the third chapter. ese three chapters is followed by the conclusions that carne out through the discussions handled in these chapters in covern ent with the purpose of the study. T e most important points indicated finally by the study is the possib · ity of investigating the Phenomenon of Difference in the light of Jin 1istic method in away that made it possible for the researcher to con ider deeply on various aspects of the different Morphological questi s.I turned out that most deferent Morphological causes are from Multi - accents , wrong measure and poets avoidance of a set formula of a set formula modern certain significance's displa d by modern phonetics.F nally , I hope that my work is of a good benefit for the scienti c knowledge.d thanks for Allah the God of the worlds , and the pray of ~llah pon his prophet Mohamed and his purist follows.

الدلالة السياقية عند المفسرين حتى منتصف القرن السادس الهجري

Author name: بشير سعيد سهر محمد المنصوري
Supervisor name: حامد ناصر عبود الظالمي | عبد الباسط خليل محمد الدرويش
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الصورة الفنية في شعر القروي

Author name: حامد مردان شروان الشاعر
Supervisor name: قصي سالم علوان الجلبي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

افق التجديد في شعر محمد سعيد الحبوبي

Author name: جنان عايد محمد الحسيني
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: After these chapters, we came to the appendix which we called " 1 oth r renovation phenomena". The first phenomenon was " the em loyment of names in poetry whereas the second one 1s the phe omenon of" intertextuality " Finally comes the conclusions which contained the most important con lusions the research discovered. The following are these conclusions : j.. We reached the determination of the language and the terminological notations for the most important axes of thesis entitled " renovation tension".2· The research explained the importance of language for Al - Habbobi d the way he employed to renew his expressions. That's why his pressions were gentle and sweet and characterized by it's acefulness and it's harmony.; - The research uncovered the stylistic and the language ability of 1 - Habbobi and his wide imagination, and the deep sense and the etaphor in the formation of ideas and meanings and breaking the ist of imitation and heading towards the worlds of renovation. These aracteristics made the poet unique among the poets of the ineteenth ntury. Finally, thank god the God of all people.The renovation extension in the poetry of Mohamad Sae'ed Al - abbobi.The present research tries to investigate the extent of renovation in the oetry of Mohamad Sae'ed Al - Habbobi. The poetf)lch poetical talent and a good ability to compose a creative poe. The research consists of a preface and three chaptell;. and an app ndix and a conclusion. The title of the preface is " the notion of renovation extension. It ins the definition of extension" and" renovation". In the preface we als explain the relation ship between the old and new poetry. We con lude that renovation includes both, old and new poetry because there 1s n new poetry without the old poetry.In the first chapter, we dealt with the "renovation in the poetical Ian age". This chapter consist;ofthree sections. The first sections explained the" expression of nature". The second sec on dealt with " wine and erotic expressions ". The third section shed Jig on the "sentences contraction". The fourth section illustrate" the poe ·cal lexicon " which represent the sum total for all expressions and con tructions which the poet used. In the second chapter, we revealed "renovation in the poeticalima e". it consists of to'<OSections. The first section deltle with "the met phorical image". The second section explained" the image of simile". The third chapter expounded " the renovation in the poetical music " and itcon isted of three sections : The first section concentrated on the study of" the terza rima". The sec d section studied the " short story ".

الاحلاف في الشعر العربي قبل الاسلام

Author name: دلال جويد تعبان
Supervisor name: اياد عبد المجيد ابراهيم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

ادب يعرب السعيدي القصصي : دراسة في البنية السردية

Author name: نجوى محمد جمعة البياتي
Supervisor name: حسين عبود حميد الهلالي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

البنية المصدرية في نهج البلاغة : دراسة في دلالة البنية الصرفية

Author name: وسام جمعة لفتة المالكي
Supervisor name: سليمة جبار غانم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This research studies the structures of qerund whih area part of linquistic Morphological studies and their practicality in Nahjul Balaqhah of Imam Ali ( p. b. U. h). The research has three sections. The first is entitled "structures Without affixes. This section is divided in to three parts.It depend on the phonetic classification.The second section of the thesis is entitled "Structures with affixes ".It has six parts. The third Section is entitled "Tri - structure with addition and the quarto "The research Was attached with a Conclnsion explain1ing the most important results of the study. Italso attached With Statistic tables for each structure

ملامح المنهج الاسلوبي في كتاب الطراز للعلوي (ت 749هـ)

Author name: ضياء حامد حمود البدري
Supervisor name: عواطف كنوش مصطفى عيسى التميمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الاهوار في الرواية العراقية : دراسة في ضوء النقد الثقافي == Ahwarin Of Iraqi Novel About The Cultrail Critisizm

Author name: عروبة جبار اصواب الله
Supervisor name: حامد ناصر عبود الظالمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Summary read the cultural system in the novel MarshComing literary discourse, intellectual cross - cultural system (political, magic, religion), could be described as the metadata structure, and reduced intellectual system for impact and governed behavior and practice, which move infrastructure behavioral and intellectual community.As we read that these systems are the kinds of cultural preliminary unconscious and genetic, seeping from the past to the present and productive collective consciousness repeat, hence the importance of amending these regulations and correct track. Under this adoption hidden subliminal work on a compilation of convergence between the community and the cultural system, in cultural balanced equation, Ntrsd factors that brought them together in one approach.The first of these factors can read it, cross cultural system Incarnate place (Lahore), to attend the juxtaposition of what, integrating these bilateral (Lahore, the cultural system) in the path of novelist and cultural one, a hidden cultural can read through this intercourse. P (marsh) place him its cultural, and geographical water (isolation separation), the survival and non - affected and stay on the idea and culture of impact Ollatsal the other different (city, rural), and this separation that drives the self - reliance and intellectual stocks not consciousness and intellectual cultural Muruthath, in the face of problems and life situations. May ask, about the relationship of cultural criticism reading of this literary trend in employment cultural system of society marshes?.Reading cultural default for this community and the cultural system can be configured their impact and footprint, the factors which may be the cultural factor as a watermark marginalized environment, splitting from other culturally different societies rely on what is available consumption has habits, customs and concepts. Or motivated by low economic factor in the continuation of these habits and cultural norms and lack of innovation and intellectual cultural change. Perhaps the material time cultural force enjoyed by this system of cultural and habitual society enabled these systems and command and control.The literature through employment of the cultural system of a society (Marsh), record the memory of this cultural system and the community. It is this last (memory), tries to reflect and arrive by, to keep up with the process of culture may contribute to creating awareness and present a new declaration of expiration term cultural order and harm, and to detect hidden these communities and taking her hand toward logic and reasonable by showing looting, robbery not past this system nor Lalla keep pace with the evolution wheel but the impact of which is appended and tracking behavior and practice is adopted.This passive surveillance is the norm from which cultural criticism in the reading of the speech and the event. Definitely each community its own cultural related Patarrakhih and identity, it is difficult but not possible to work on those changing spurt one, not even mutations multiple, without this change stems from the desire and need of this community, and this desire cannot be shown without the preceded by an attempt by the government and cultural institutions, civil, creating health and circumstance ripe for the growth of scientific awareness, which preceded the collective unconscious to take the step instead of him in everything.It must in this that point we do not look forward to giving described Pharmacy magical cultural, want promotion for this community, what is no doubt that these systems cultural part saved sovereignty and the importance of community, because it tells the privacy of cultural identity and historical her, but can these systems cultural, that employs more positive and beneficial not only to self - level (community), but in terms of their relations with the different other cultural reading of his district, not to understand it and identify it, but also to know and understand ourselves, and we look forward to more than a mirror. In these systems cultural monitor negative individual and subservience fear and surrender to Muruthath, slavery and injustice and practiced against at least (denominations, exhibitions, other) and weaker (women), and if the equation authoritarian cultural, not balanced except in accordance with the presence of these terminaloppressed weak and the poor at least most, and as a resultThis equation breach of humanity and the essence of human existence. Perhaps the most important results carried out by the readers e Cultural see that this approach nearly psychosocial reading and analytical cultural discourse and to shed perspective to deep undercover behavior and thinking, to effect the engine seems to a community or state. This approach in human interest and perspective unlike the rest of the curriculum, he seeks to build a society and the individual in accordance with logic and cognitive awareness, through demolition and analysis of grades and types of behavior and thinking. And interesting cultural criticism and literary discourse simple and poor communities, reveal the role of the speech direction of society, despite the lack of discourse novelist reveals, for avoiding what direction these communities, respect the privacy of this community.Through reading the cultural system of a society (Marsh), we spotted some cultural between them and communities apart and different in cultural systems and the temporal and geographical, but the mosque between them, is the spirit and nature of these communities distinct Balbda?ah and spontaneity, originality and isolation and marginal cultural and economic desperation, E.The shear or anecdotes (regulations) and one because one storyteller, is the culture and unconscious leakage!. On the other hand is in the privacy of this approach (cultural criticism), the possibility of hiring and use of more than approach or mechanism, mixing more than approach diverge where and do not converge vision and reading leads to Vdvdah and reading, one of the reservations concerning the cultural criticism, if not Tab works to activate the kinship between curricula in read.AROOBA JABAR SOUBALH

مفردات الماء في الشعر العباسي 200هـ - 350هـ : دراسة موضوعية فنية

Author name: علي غانم فلحي الفنداوي
Supervisor name: نهلة محمد حسن عبد الصمد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الجملة عند ابن جني في الخصائص (ت392هـ)

Author name: صفاء جواد فرج
Supervisor name: نوري حساني علوان الكاظمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Taking research on his shoulder Multi (wholesale when I'm taking in properties) which is the subject based on grammatical lesson and it relied to know a lot of knowledge of language, because caring wholesale concept and sophisticated and widely used establishes for the construction of knowledge, has revealed Find see I'm taking to study wholesale study semantic for meaning, and the relationship of word sense in installing the statement syntax and clarity of its elements. After reading the book properties and addition of a substance language in assets as, and careful consideration in the scientific material related to wholesale felt researcher to be search component of three chapters Chapter I : a basis on which the sentence, it can not accept any installation of non - assets reliable the validity of the installation was the assets as a standard integral adopted son reap in connection to wholesale acceptable in form and meaning, the second chapter includes appearances stylistic of inter when I'm reaping tried to Willem all opinions'm taking that focus and show the discovery attributes wholesale stylistic terms of surrender and the delays and deletions The male and sentence length and limited, and came third chapter to study the potential wholesale Arab including'm reap when analyzing potential wholesale center on the meaning and significance through Mbagesh between fact and metaphor and look to express and meaning when I'm taking and breach of the rules of language and grammar then sealed search results of the study of his vision wholesale and ability to analyze the components of the sentence to rude and significant addition to the ability of mental adoption assets grammatical Qaeda - linked grammatical, and research has shown great difficulties suffered by the researcher, and perhaps the most valuable knowledge carried by book properties, which combined the science of Arab towards the exchange and the voice and the significance of assets as, The researcher was adopted on the books as assets Arab, including writers and concise and characteristics edition book and the Ministry of Culture and Iraqi flags and other And books as assets, including the proposal for the resettlement flashed evidence to Ibn al - Anbari, and benefited from recent studies and specialized journals on the subject. Son has taken in addressing histhoughts taking way the question and the answer, even if you do not find impressions fluidly ask him to imagine Paradise. And threw the same question on the same shall answer him, making the listener and the reader eager to know the answer and following up on him. Finally, but not least I ask Allah to accept my rest in forgiveness and I apologize for failure that seemed to me that he listens and responds pray

العلاقة الوظيفية بين الخبر والحال والصفة : دراسة في النحو العربي == The Functional Relationship Between Predict, Mood And Adverb Study In Arabic Grammar

Author name: منذر زيارة قاسم
Supervisor name: عباس عبادي عيدان
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis is talking about the Functional Relationship among the Grammatical Semantic and its benefit to Arabic Grammar. This relationship is a Comparison on Semantic and sets for to linguistic function - semantic - when parsing was launching by its form to show the common sense of the sentence. The three semantics - predict, mood, adverb - are among the verifications of this thesis. The thesis is consisting of a preface and three chapters along with a conclusion. Preface : It is to study of the grammatical functions and the relationships among the grammatical functions in the Arabic Grammar and its functional relationship with the grammatical syntax and Arabic sentence. It is to choose the three semantics of this study in order to select. Chapter First : (The Study of Mutual Characteristics among the Three Semantics) It is theoretical study in accordance with the Descriptive Syllabus and criticizes some point of views that differ with this syllabus. It is consisting of : Forward : To study the semantic in the language and the etymology and criticizing these terms. First Part : to study the derivation at the three semantics and their relationship with description Second Part : to study the sentence and clauses in the three semantics and their relationship with description in comparison of the three semanticsThird Part : to study the precedence that is a study to its meaning in accordance to grammarians and rhetoricians. Fourth Part : to study the multiply variety in the three semantics at one subject. Fifth Part : to study some similarities in the linguistic syntax for the three semantics. Chapter Two : {The Pronunciation Semantic Relationship at the Three Semantics}It is to study what belongs to subjunctive predict and the mood objective and adverbial object from many aspects. The three semantics are common according to this relationship. First Part : the relationship as per type and the accordance in the semantic and its objectives Second Part : the relationship as per number and the accordance in the semantic and its objectivesThird Part : the relationship as per assignment and there is no accordance in the semantic and its objectives and the accordance with adverb in form not in sense. Fourth Part : the relationship as per the parsing relationship : the accordance is not necessary for the three semantics and what is belong to them, if the accordance is achieved in the form, it will not be in sense. Chapter Three : {The Types of Relationship and Coordinates at the Three Semantics} First Part : The Actual Relationship and Reasoning Relationship : The actual relationship is to obtain the description when submitting the sense and it is similar to semantic predict and there is only one field where all relationships are interfaced in. the Reasoning Relationship is the description achieved after and is linked with what was achieved earlier in connection with form. It is called Metaphoric Relationship. Second Part : The linking between the Description and what belong to it which is the pronoun and letter (الواو). This part is studying (الواو) and is proving its type among the three semantics and the real place of (الواو) there. The conclusion : The thesis is concluded with a reference to the strong relationship among these three semantics and it is not merely a similarity rather it is one relationship at the etymology, it was achieved by three aspects : predict, Mood and adverb. The reference was to the significant points that proves the mutual characteristic and the one relationship and the ingle nature of these three semantics

اتجاهات نقد النص الشعري في مجلة الاقلام 1990 - 2010 == Trends Of Criticizing Poetic Context In “ Al - Aqlam Magazine “ 1990 - 2010

Author name: منتظر عبد الخضر ساجت
Supervisor name: حسين عبود حميد الهلالي
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Praise is to Allah, Lord of all creatures, and blessing joined with peace of God be upon the seal of the Prophets and messengers (Mohammad) as well as his faithful Companions. Amen This research deals with literary criticism efforts which have been previously published on an Iraqi magazine "Al - Aqlam" extending to the period 1990 - 2010. It is titled as "The Trends of Poetic text Criticism ", as no unanimous approach deals with the literary criticism; moreover, there are several approaches contribute in one literary trend. Psychological Trend; for instance, has variant approaches : Freud - method, Lacan method, and Yong method. Each approach has its unique view and it somehow differs from another approach even if all approaches contribute on comprehensive view which it is the - psychological view. These fore mentioned methods are achieved on the level of theorization, and they are based on the same environmental rules. What is about the researchers who received the trends through translation?. The critical application in tackling literary texts ensures us that there is no specific enclosed approach can be applied on constant procedures and is applicable on all its details, but the overlap is obvious between all the different approaches. Therefore, it is impossible to depend on a constant inevitable approach because the criticism process is an interaction process between the creative text, the critic and his own literary and critical taste. For these reasons the critical trend is acceptable further than the depending approach. The period , which covers the articles within the research, is between 1990 - 2010, i.e. it extends for about 20 years and the concentration stage of the study was achieved on the last of this period ; in order that the study will be contemporary to the modern - literary criticism movement or to the literary criticism movements which have recently seen the light. This study presently shows unprecedented trends, since it includes for the first time studies about trends of literary criticism never established in the Arabic region; for instance, it includes the Cultural Criticism. For this reason, we'd rather the study be practiced on the recent years of the mentioned period since the Arabic region has witnessed relative stability.This research is established to deal with selective poetical texts, because it is impossible to deal with all the poetical texts published within the specific mentioned period. The plan has been put by researchers into choosing some agreeable poetical poems samples , the selective process had come according a certain view since the research obliged itself not to repeat the critic's name more than once , in order to be obtainable for more additional critics' names contribute on one study. The plan is made not to confine the critic's study to be subjected for unique circumstances whether the critic himself is one the followers of a certain trend or vice versa. These studies published in "Al - Aqlam Magazine" are by no means the best studies; however, the magazine includes between its pages many studies that differ between high significance and low - significance in order to let the reader read the magazine objectively. The research does not display the good studies only but also displays studies under the hopefulness level and the purpose beyond that is to disclose about the defects and to determine its places in order to overcome upon the defects. The research tries to achievean elaborate discussion and an analytic criticism to the under discussion critical context through active imposed dialogue in order to be capable of stopping at each point worthy of discussion , and lastly can classify each discussed point to be ordered and organized to its principal reference depending on the available critical - publications. On the other hand, the research can assay each text, and discloses its contents or stops nearer in order to thrill noticeable questions. The study is distributed among three chapters : the first chapter, "The Contextual Trends ", is related to the critics who made their deep comprehending understandable semantics meanings depending on the external environment i.e. the trends related to the factors are out of the text itself to understand the included meaning of the text. The second chapter, titled as "The Textual Trends", is concentrated on the critical achievements that depend on the text itself i.e. the efforts, which try to isolate the text, from the external factors in their approach. The third chapter, titled as " Other Trends " , includes critical efforts , which can not be ordered under neither the textual nor the contextual relation. Eventually the conclusion comes to conclude what is most significant on this study; moreover, the study has been initiated with preface to shortly introduce the reader to "Al - Aqlam Magazine ". Conclusions : Criticism movements have witnessed many continued turnings and many transformations; each trend may be utilized from the previous - mistaken trends, but after stages of its evolutionism, some of its adopters turn to be exaggerative then the defects occur once more which lead to emerge another trend as a result. The critical approaches, "Al - Aqlam Magzine" displays, are variant and different knowledge wise and type wise. Some of approaches are on the top of skillfulness and technique; while some of them are less significant.In addition, the approaches are variants according to the techniques they follow, so they come as (contextual, textual approaches and others). There is not a perfect application to any trend entirely, but in many - times the procedures violate the application limitedness, or maybe the researcher help himself, by a different approach, which his study adopts , because the creative doing is an art has its own property on estheticism and structure.Moreover, the creative doing is the outcome product of special essence lives on specific society which it has its own traditions and habits passes through specific history of special events and incidents This creative discourse or the creative dialogue is targeted to educated receiver of a good quality on culture and language, etc… Knowing these effecting factors is necessary to the critic of creativity, and it has an active consequence into directing the critical doing; therefore, there is not any critical approach that has the stability and the strictness or may refuse the borrowing from other trends. In addition, any critical doing has its own way in order to achieve its understandable point into the creative doing or to reveal and discover its nature, its esthetic secret, and its specific structure. The literary text has significant relation on the establishing process of the critical discourse and its procedures; because the literary text is the main substance of the criticism essence from which the critical process is formulated ; on the other hand , the discourse is not rooted out from the literary text and its procedures. Finally, praise is to Allah and peace and blessings be upon His honest Prophet. Amen.
1 ... 245 246 247 248 249 ... 368