اسم المؤلف:
سمير محمد اسماعيل الوزيري
اسم المشرف:
نذير جبار حسين الهنداوي
المستخلص:
Many theses have implemented studies of the Asia history in general and the Arab countries in particular , but the history of Southeast Asia countries didn’t get a comprehensive Academic study in Arabic although those countries witnessed important event especially after the end of the World War II, when many of them got their independence.Singapore was one of south east Asia countries, where that state didn't get such a good chance through an academic Arabic study in the Iraqi universities, although it is signified by a number of categories which are worthy to search, of the most important of them was the strategic region in Southeast Asia in 1819 when the British citizen Thomas Stamford Raffles, was able to impose his control on the island and constructing a large maritime port for commercial affairs , then the island was added to the list of the British colonies and got an important estimate on both Commercial and military levels for British in southeast Asia region.In the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the importance of the island increased for it is regarded as a maritime port after that period had witnessed a movement of exporting goods on large level from the east to the western countries , accompanied with the increase of the economic role of the island and increase in the migration movement to it from China and India. So , during the World War II , the Japanese Imperial Army was able to put their control on the island in 1942 , but great Britain were able to restore it in 1945. Singapore was able to get an autonomy from the British colonization because it was one of the British colonies , that was happened by virtue of Lee Kuan yew (1923 - 2015) , who became prime minister of Singapore and after that endeavored to annex it with Malaysian Union , and that was happened really in 1963, and became a part of that Union , but the political problems that happened between the Malayan Union and Singapore compelled the latter on dismiss Singapore to became an independent republic in 1965 , at that time Lee kuan yew faced a number of problems as : unemployment the housing crisis and the administrative corruption in addition to that the people of Singapore are a group of indiscriminate ethnically, lingual , and culturally , since their origins relate to China , India and the Malayan islands and Indonesia.Lee kuan yew had played an important role in shifting Singapore from a small island without natural resources , to an independent nation enjoying development , progress and effect on the economic and diplomatic levels. he was a serious leader enjoying an effective personality. so , in front of all those challenges , he was able to transfer Singapore during only three decades from a developing state to one of the most developed countries in Asia despite its small number of population and shortness of natural resources From that point , my selection came (Lee Kuan Yew And his Role in the political , economic and social developments in Singapore (1959 - 1990), as a subject to my thesis , because of his important role in the rise of Singapore and what was it enduring through the long Periods of colonization. The problem that discussed in this thesis is : How Singapore was able to rise to the levels of the great or progressive states ? And what is the secret of that quick progress after it was living polarity and aggression for long decades ? And what the role of the personality of (Lee kuan Yew).The nature of the subject necessitated dealing with it according to the conduct of subjects unity , therefore the thesis consists of introduction four chapters and conclusion included the most important results.The first chapter followed the general conditions in Singapore and the early stage of Lee kuan Yew's life till 1959 the first section a summary of Singapore's history from the foundation till the Word War II , and the second section the general situations in Singapore till 1955 , the topic stopped on this year because it represents the beginning of Lee kuan Yew political work in the legislative Assembly , after getting the people's Action party by the leadership of Lee kuan Yew on one seat in that year. The third section looks into his intellectual and social and educational rise , and his early political life till 1959.The second chapter focused on the study of the role of Lee kuan Yew in developing the political side (1959 - 1990) and the first topic studied the political conditions in Singapore since he got the seat of prime minister till 1965 focusing on the most important political endeavors which accompanied this stage , and the most important of them was the annexation with the Malaysian Union which ended by dismissing Singapore in 1965 , the second Covered the political developments Singapore since its independence till leaving Lee Kuan Yew the power's seat in 1990 , And the most important internal political developments in it the third topic discussed the development of the Singapore Armed Forces army and the internal security and maritime , air forces. The Fourth topic dealt with Singapore external policy for the period between 1965 - 1990 , through giving a general glimpse on the nature of the external politic of Singapore and Lee Kuan Yew role in it and his role in internal and external policies.The Singapore's economic experience between 1959 - 1990 , and the role of Lee Kuan Yew in it was treated in chapter three. The chapter emerged in its three topics , the economic reality in Singapore and the first stages of its developing (1959 - 1965) the foundations which Lee Kuan Yew put to the raise the economic reality ending with the economic situations in Singapore between 1973 - 1990.The Fourth chapter presented in it the social situations in Singapore and Lee Kuan Yew endeavors in updating them since 1959 to 1990 where in the first topic discussed the nature of the Singapore society and role of Lee Kuan Yew in revealing it the roots of Singapore society the role which he played to build it and what was the policy that the followed towards the ethnic lingual items in Singapore society in the second topic it was noted to developing the educational side in the same stage and the extent of his care in that side while the third topic had studied developing the topic side in the same period of time. Finally the forth topic shed a light on the development of judicial side in the discussed period emerging the policy of Lee Kuna Yew in that side.By studying of the topic under consideration , we reached that Lee was responsible of Singapore s modernization and shifting it from under developing to a developed country in southeast Asia. The role of Lee in Singapore s renaissance clarifies the importance of the role of individual in development and reform.According to his national contributions of rebuilding of Singapore , Lee became an Asian phenomenon got the inspiration of several leaders , who expressed their estimation of the Singapore s experience of modernity and Lee role in this change.
