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الشاهد في كتاب التحفة المكية للمقري : دراسة لغوية == The linguistic citation in the book of the Mecca masterpiece by Al - Maqari (847 AH

Author name: مروة مهدي ذيبان
Supervisor name: عبد الحميد حمد شحاذة
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان دراسة اللغة - منذ بدايتها - ارتبطت ارتباطا وثيقا بالشاهد اللغوي الذي يمثل الدليل الامين لما يقوله العلماء وما يذهبون اليه وما يرجحونه من اراء ، وظهرت عنايتهم الفائقة بهذا الشاهد عند ظهور بواكير الدرس اللغوي العربي - الذي ظهر جليا فيما اورده سيبويه (ت180هـ) رحمه الله في كتابه الذي يعد اول المؤلفات العربية - اذ اعتمد في هذا الكتاب على شواهد كثيرة درسها الدارسون فيما بعد واصلوا لها ... ومن هذا المنطلق في اهمية دراسة الشاهد اللغوي جاءت دراستي هذه لتكون لبنة في هذا الصرح الشامخ عسى ان تحظى بالسداد والقبول ، اذ تمثل في دراسة الشاهد اللغوي عند ابي العباس المقري بعد (847هـ) في كتابه التحفة المكية في شرح الارجوزة الالفية . واقتضت طبيعة البحث ان يقسم على تمهيد وثلاثة فصول ، اما التمهيد بينت فيه تعريف الشاهد ، ونبذة مختصرة عن حياة المؤلف وعن الكتاب . وكان الفصل الاول للاستشهاد على المسائل الصوتية والصرفية وجاء في اربعة مباحث الاول خصصته للاستشهاد بالقران الكريم والثاني للاستشهاد بالقراءات القرانية ، اما المبحث الثالث فكان من نصيب الاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي الشريف ، والمبحث الرابع جاء للاستشهاد بالشعر العربي . وحمل الفصل الثاني عنوان الاستشهاد للمسائل النحوية وتضمن اربعة مباحث الاول منها الاستشهاد بالقران الكريم والثاني للقراءات القرانية والثالث للحديث النبوي الشريف والرابع للاستشهاد بالشعر . وكان اخرها الفصل الثالث الذي درست فيه الدلالة النحوية وانتظم في ثلاثة مباحث الاول الاستشهاد للمسائل الدلالية بالقران الكريم وقراءاته ، والمبحث الثاني الاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي الشريف ، والثالث الاستشهاد بالشعر على هذه المسائل .ثم اعقبتها بخاتمة سجلت فيها اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها في هذا البحث . وقائمة بالمصادر والمراجع المعتمدة في البحث اذ تنوعت هذه المصادر بحسب طبيعة الدراسة الى كتب اللغة التي تعنى بالمستويات اللغوية الصوتية والصرفية والنحوية والدلالية وكذلك معاجم اللغة وكتب التراجم ، وبعض المصادر التي تطرقت الى موضوع الاستشهاد . وفي الختام اقول .... ان هذه المرحلة هي الخطوة الاولى في طريق البحث العلمي، فما كان فيه من صواب فالفضل لله تعالى وحده وما كان من | The linguistic evidence is an important source of the Arabic language because it is the faithful proof of what linguists say and what they go to and what they are likely views.Our research is one of the researches that dealt with the evidence as represented in the study of the linguistic evidence at Abi Al - Abbas Al - Maqari after 847 AH in his book (the masterpiece of Makkah in the explanation of Arjuzah millennium. The nature of the research required to be divided into preface and three chapters. In the preface I explained the definition of the evidence and a brief resume of the life of the author and the book.The nature of the research required to be divided into three chapters. The preface, in which I explained the definition of the evidence and a brief resume of the life of the author and the mentioned book.The first chapter was about the citation of the phonetic and morphologic matters and it was in four theses ; the first dealt with citation by holy Koran and the second was citation by Koran readings . The second research was about citation by prophetic tradition and the fourth dealt with Arabic poetry . The second chapter bore the title of the citation for grammatical issues and included four themes , the first of which was the citation of the Quran and the second was for readings of the Koran and the third of the Prophet's Hadith and the fourth of the citation of poetry and the third chapter dealt with the citation of evidence matters and was organized in three sections; the first is the citation and for the evidence issues in the holy Koran and its readings . The second is the citation of the Prophet's Hadith and the third is the citation of poetry on these matters, then followed by a conclusion in which the most important findings reached in this research and a list of references that were depended in the research as varied according to the nature of the study.It is God's success

الدلالة الصرفية في خطاب الامام الحسن عليه السلام

Author name: حياة نايف صينخ
Supervisor name: شاكر سبع نتيش الاسدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

اسلوب الالتفات محاولة في البحث عن اصلها وممارستها في قصار السور القرانية == The Style of Al - Iltifat (Aburupt Change in Style and Tense) An Attempt of Seeking Its Origin and Practice in Short Quranic Suras

Author name: نوافل يونس سليم الحمداني
Supervisor name: حسن يحيى محمد رضا الخفاجي | مشحن حردان الدليمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Al - Iltifat (abrupt change in style, number and tense) is a rhetorical device which has been authentic in Arabic. The pre - Islamic poets, such as Imriu Al - Qais, used it. It was well known by the poineering linguists and interpreters, such as Abi Ubayda Maamer bin Al - Muthana 210 H., Al - Asmaii 216 H., Ibn Qutayba 276 H., and Al - Mubarrad 285 H., when they explained the Quranic a ayas and poetic lines having this rhetorical device.As a term, Al - Iltifat was known and studied by rhetoricians such as Ibn Al - Muaataz, Qudama bin Gaafar, Al - Zamakh shary, Ibn Al - Atheer, As - Sakkaky and Al - Quzwiny. It is the change from one style of speech into another, from the singular into the plural, from the plural into the singular - and from one tense into another. This change should have a reason for its happening. Al - Zamakhshary said that the benefits of Al - Iltifat are praise, awakening, drawing attention and making the listener more interested. This phenomenon has been called “the courageous style” for it indicates the bravery of the speaker in making his speech more effective.The Glorious Quran is rich with this rhetorical device, especially in the short Suras beginning with Qaf and ending with the last Quranic Sura (Qul Aauthu bi Rab An - Nas).These Suras were revealed to Prophet Muhammed (P.B.U.H.) at the beginning of Islam when the new religion was erither accepted or refused. So, these Suras and this phenomenon under study played their part in calling ungelievers to believe in Islam.This dissertation has studied Al - Iltifat from different angles phonectis and phonology, semantics, syntax morphology

الشاهد النحوي في تفسير ابي السعود

Author name: علاء عبد الرحيم مخلف
Supervisor name: هشام ابراهيم الحداد | محمد امين البكري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
First pages:

السياق واثره الدلالي في دراسات الاصوليين

Author name: انجيرس طعمة يوسف
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Context' is an issue which the Jurisprudents studied andto which they referred in their rules and categorizations.The Jurisprudents' studies are no less important than thestudies done by linguists, exegetists and rhetoricians,different though their purposes are. Jurisprudents holdcontext as indication of meaning of legislative rulings. Soboth external and internal contexts are topics for study byJurisprudents and religious scholars in the analysis of thelegislative rulings of the Holy Quran and Prophet'stradition (Sunnah). External context or 'co - text' indicatesall the circumstances surrounding the text and whichwould influence the meaning of the text, issues tackledby the Jurisprudents and practiced by doctrinists..The internal context comprises the meanings of thesame text or other texts related to it, whether proving ordisproving it, according to certain methods of collection.My study is based on the researches done so far bythe Jurisprudents and is classified into external andinternal contexts. The first is fallen under three types : circumstantial context, context of situation, and actualcontext. These three kinds of context were addressed bythe Jurisprudents who, however, did not categorize themthis way. But it is appropriate to show them to prove thatthe Jurisprudents were the first to pay attention to theexternal context. The same has been done with regard tothe internal context, which is also classified into threetypes : the objective context, the counter - objectiveharmonious context (in assertion and denial), and thecounter - objective disharmonious context. The crucial١٩٣difference between the second and the third kind is that,while the second means the multi texts that deal with thesame topic, with one clarifying the others, the thirdmeans the multi texts that deal with the same topic,differing in assertion or denial, or in some other sense.The Jurisprudents worked out principles to harmonizethese meanings in a scientific way.I have prepared for the study of the context and itsrelation with some semantic and contextualconsiderations. Also, context and its functions arehighlighted to the Jurisprudents and the difference oftheir treatment to that of the linguists and exegetists.

فكرة التيسير في الدرس النحوي الحديث == The Idea of Simplification in Modern Grammatical Lesson

Author name: حاتم حسين علي الشيباني
Supervisor name: خديجة عبد الرزاق الحديثي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic is one of the ancient living languages in the world. It has gained great attention that no any other language has gained from the scholars. This degree of attention has its own reasons. It is the language of the glorious Qur’an, the sacred book of Muslims. Thus, it has achieved its sacredness through its relevance to this great book. Understanding the purposes of the linguistic discourse was the objective of the researchers. So understanding the syntactic structures of Arabic and apprehension of its linguistic phenomena were the priority of the issues taken care by old linguists. The linguistic study has attained its higher standard earlierly, and the grammatical level was the most interesting one among the other levels tackled by scholars. The grammatical lesson began simple and easy on the hands of Arab scientists. Like any other science, being easy first, then it starts becoming complicated in research. This same description can be applied to Arabic. It has become complicated and a number of foreign trends such as logic, philosophy and philology, have penetrated into it. Then, it has be come a normative prescriptive lesson, away from being descriptive besides the obvious difficulties of approaches which made it difficult. So that scholars found it wise to escape. Since language is one of the means of learning and thinking, one can realize the sufferings faced by learners. So the voices were raised and complaints heard about the difficulty of the grammar lessons. This led to the appearance of a call for simplification. Old Arab grammarians have their attempts in this respect and they have written grammatical briefs and didactic poems to facilitate keeping the grammar of language by heart yet, Sibawayhi’s Book is still the controlling source which governs our grammar. The briefs and poems have no longer the power to meet the requirements of the grammar lesson. Even the old publications however scientific they are, cannot remedy the miserable. A number of scientific scholars have undertaken this task. Their endeavor has been welcomed recently. And as much as possible they have made use of the old attempts such as that of Ibn Madha’a Al - Qurtubi (592H). Really, one of the modern remarkable attempts may be that of Ibrahim Mustafa whose opinions have their obvious influences on the modern grammatical lesson. He tries to depend on meaning when interpreting linguistic phenomena. As far as he got rid of the theory of grammatical operator (al - a’amil), which was the basis for grammatical lesson that governed and complicated it, he was agreed by plenty of scholars such as Dr.Ahmed Abdulsattar Al - Juwari and Dr.Mahdi Al - makhzoomi and others. Since Arabic is an inflected language, one can imagine the difficulty faced by the researcher to facilitate its grammar. Really, no language can be simplified, but there are a group of ideas through which the linguists try to interpret the linguistic phenomena and this should be the concern of the researcher. These attempts showed extreme criticism and they were not free from some shortcoming. This study tries to shed light on these attempts and simplifies Arabic grammar comprehensively. We have discussed the difficulties of Arabic grammar and the reasons beyond that, in addition to grammar, its evolution and development as well. The study has also tackled thoroughly the phenomenon of parsing in Arabic, and the attitude of the old grammarians towards this phenomenon. The researcher has carried out an analytical study of the researchers’ opinions in simplification to be aware of the value of these opinions, and whether they can be a right nucleus to a simple and easy grammar lesson. It is not easy to achieve that because of the width of the scope of the research, greatness of differences and abundance of Arabic produced knowledge in the field of grammar. Clearly, the shortage of the serious analytic knowledge of simplification in this area, led the researcher to carry out this type of study characterized by modernity and scientificness trying to find out the essence of the notion of simplifican and main elements which guided the scholars to come out with conclusions and recommendations to serve Arabic language and support those who study it. God is beyond our purpose

كلام الامام علي بن ابي طالب (عليه السلام) في كتب غريب الحديث : دراسة في ضوء نظرية الحقول الدلالية == The words of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib - peace be upon him - in the books of strange modern study in the light of semantic field theory

Author name: زهراء حسين جعفر
Supervisor name: جنان منصور كاظم الجبوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allaah. We also open all the works, and we begin each article, and may God bless him and grant him the best of his creation, a branch and an asset, Muhammad the Righteous and his good and pure family.After ...The authors of the strange works of modernity made great efforts in this field. They worked alongside the codification of literary and rhetorical sciences to devote part of their efforts to explaining and interpreting the strange words in the texts. They succeeded in their endeavors and passed through centuries of hard work, creativity and writing. (The words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the books of a strange modern study in the light of the theory of semantic fields). The purpose of this research is summarized in several things, including : The Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in the Arabic glossary in the clear Arabic words mentioned in the books of the strange talk, and the revival of the linguistic heritage by highlighting the words, and the hadiths of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in Mtun strange talk, and study In the light of modern linguistics. The study requires following several approaches starting with the statistical method. It has followed the words of the Imam (peace be upon him) in books of strange speech and has exceeded (six hundred) a word, and then selected from the words what is unique in mystery and strange to clarify meanings and meanings hidden behind those words, (Peace be upon him) and put it in the fields of the word, and then studied the words study of the meanings of language in the Arabic dictionaries and then followed the meaning of the word in the modern and other through a descriptive historical study.We have identified the research tracks in three chapters, which were studied in accordance with the semantic fields, preceded by a preface that included three topics. The first section showed a briefAbstract......................................................................................bsummary of the life of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and a part of his character and characteristics that characterized him, but I did not elaborate on that. The first one dealt with the concept of the stranger, and we would like to point out that with regard to the stranger, it is of two types, (strange talk) and (strange talk), and there are difference between them, Strange talk is a sign in the text of the talk of a strange word, Or rare, and the strange talk is met by narrators. The second topic dealt with the reason for the classification of the strange talk, and the third I spoke about the most prominent classified in the books of strange and modern approaches from Abu Ubaid Qasim bin Salam, the first book reached us, and ended with the son of the ether in his book (end in the strange talk).The first chapter deals with the field of human words. It included three topics : the first topic dealt with the words of the human body, the second is the words of human ethics, the third is the words of pride and the most important. The second chapter contains silent words of nature, The third topic is the study of the words that indicate the colors. At first, I spoke about the colors and their characteristics in general. Then I mentioned the basic colors, because the color is present in the words of the Imam (peace be upon him) B The first chapter contains the words of living nature, divided on two subjects; the first section, in which the words of the animal were used. Imam (peace be upon him) used the most animal words in its metaphorical metaphor, either by analogy, metaphor, and metaphor. He is a source to supply oxygen to nature so I devoted it in this subject and put the supplement in the last chapters, and concluded the research summary of the results, summarized and completed the list of sources and references dealt with in the study.The period of writing the letter has been several difficulties and has stopped the study, including but not limited to : - Diving in the study of the words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and the statement of meaning is not easy, especially if there are similes and metaphor and graphic arts issued by the most eloquent Arabs and informed her tongue.Abstract......................................................................................c - The abundance of works that were written in the books of the strange modern and different Mtun speeches of the Imam (peace be upon him) in the increase and decreases, but I have documented from his words and his words and his conversations, which was adopted in the study of several books, especially the approach of rhetoric. - We could not study all the words that were mentioned in the words of the Imam (peace be upon him); because it takes more time and we are sentenced to a known time so the study was limited to the most prominent words that were characterized by strange and ambiguous.It is necessary to note the meanings of honesty and loyalty. I would like to keep my thanks and appreciation to my professor who supervised this study (Prof. Dr. Janan Mansour Kadhim) for her outstanding efforts in careful scientific supervision of the research in the stages of preparation of it all, starting with the development of his plan, , And printed, where examined the chapters of scientific critical reading, so I did what twisted them, and corrected the pitfalls, and dealt with the injury suffered.I would like to thank all those who have extended my hand to help and contributed to facilitating the difficulties faced by the research and I have hoped that I have presented a message with a proper approach, and I have succeeded in doing so, thanks to God Almighty, and if he is the other, I have good faith to apologize to you.I ask God to make this work pure for His holy face. And Tawfiqi only God Almighty Ali it entrusted to him Anip and he is generous and yes agent.

الدلالة السياقية عند اللغويين

Author name: عواطف كنوش مصطفى عيسى
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم العطية
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الجملة في ديوان الشيخ صالح الكواز الحلي (ت1290هـ) : دراسة نحوية دلالية == The Sentence in the Collection of Poems of saleh al - kawaz al - hilly Grammatical and semantic study

Author name: حنين علي خلف حسون العامري
Supervisor name: مكي محي عيدان الكلابي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

الخلاف الصوتي في كتاب ارتشاف الضرب من لسان العرب لابي حيان الاندلسي ت 745هـ في ضوء علم اللغة الحديث

Author name: كاظم كريم اهوين
Supervisor name: عبد الاله علي جويعد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:

الاراء الادبية والنقدية في كتاب رسائل ومقالات اشــراقات ادبــــيـــة للسيـد مـحمـد الصـدر (قدس سره) == Literary and monetary efforts in the book of letters and articles (literary breakthroughs) model To Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr (Holy Sera)

Author name: عـلاء رسـن شـفـي
Supervisor name: طاهـرة داخل طاهر
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Literary and literary efforts have crystallized in the third part of the book Letters and Essays, which was entitled "Literary Enlightenment" by Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr (Holy of Sera) about important monetary efforts that deserved the researcher time, reading, research and research for it because it produced special critical concepts related to literature, literary writing and literature committed to General and Islamic literature in particular is the literary message that Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr wanted to broadcast a goal and reveal the concepts and conditions of intellectual, psychological and aesthetic without restriction or neutralization. The first chapter contains an introduction and two sections entitled "The definition of the literary and social character of Mr. Mohammed Al - Sadr and his book, letters and articles." The title of the first topic (The definition of the literary and social character of Mr. Mohammed al - Sadr), while the second section was entitled (Introducing a book of letters and articles of Mr. Mohammed al - Sadr three parts). The second chapter contains an introduction and two articles, entitled "Study of the articles in the book of letters and articles" Part III literary breakthroughs "), and the title of the first topic was consistent with (the definition of articles and their types).The second section was entitled (Technical and Monetary Analysis of Literary Articles) Model. The second chapter was entitled "The technical and critical analysis of the stories contained in the book of letters and articles" Part (2( Third literary creations "), and finally the conclusion and the most important results and some recommendations and proven sources and references. Finally, I would like to thank all those who supported me and met with me in this study, from professors and colleagues, in particular my assistant professor, Dr. Tahira Dakhill Tahir, the distinguished teacher and educator, who made me proud of her supervision. I would also like to extend my thanks and appreciation to those who stood by my side and supported me on the subject of my message. Difficulties, including professors of the Department of Arabic language at the Faculty of Education

عمل التعبير القراني في كتاب زبدة التفاسير لفتح الله الكاشاني == Explanation Of The Interpretation Of Quranic expression in The Book " Zabdah Al - Tafaseer" by Fatah Allah Al - Kashani

Author name: اسماء مطشر فشاخ الغزي
Supervisor name: فلاح رسول حسين الحسيني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

معايير تقويم الوجه النحوي في كتاب سيبويه

Author name: ميثم عبد السادة شبلاوي الجليحاوي
Supervisor name: رجاء عجيل ابراهيم الحسناوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

مظاهر تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في النقد العربي القديم == The Aspects of Pre - Islamic Poetry's Effect on The Old Arabian Criticism

Author name: علي حاكم حبيب عزر الكريطي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الشعر الجاهلي اساس الثقافة العربية التي وصلت الينا من العصر الجاهلي ، وقد رافق النقد هذه الثقافة من ذلك الوقت ، فكان مقوما للشعر والشعراء في مواطن الخطواموافقتهم وتشجيعهم في مواطن الاجادة ، وقد تبين لي من خلال البحث وجود حركة قوية تميل الى الشكل الجاهلي للقصيدة العربية ، ببنائهوامعانيهواعلى وفق هذا بني البحث على حقيقة وجود سلطة للشعر الجاهلي ، امتدت الى زمن بعيد عن العصر الجاهلي وقد اثبت البحث هذه الحقيقة من خلال التنقيب في اثار الادباء والعلماء والنقاد عن تلك المظاهر التي بقيت عالقة في اشعار اللاحقين في الشكل والمضمون ، فتبينت لنا هذه الحقيقة من خلال البحث ومناقشة اراء النقاد والعلماء التي وردت في هذا الصدد ، وذهبت الى ايجاد المعايير التي سار عليها النقاد والتي عدت الاساس للاحكام النقدية فيما بعد .وعلى وفق ما تقدم جاء عنوان الرسالة الموسوم بـ ( مظاهر تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في النقد العربي القديم ) ، وهو موضوع كبير بمادته العلمية ومدته الزمنية ، وثر بالقضايواالامور الادبية والنقدية ، اذ يعالج البحث المرحلة المتقدمة من الادب العربي في عصر ما قبل الاسلام متمثلة بالمظاهر التي لازمت الشعر العربي في العصور اللاحقة فضلا عن معالجته للشعر الجاهلي بعامته من ناحية وجود مظاهر التاثير بكل ما يحيط بالقصيدة بفنيتهواموضوعاتها . وقد بدا زمان الدراسة منذ عصر صدر الاسلام وما فيه من اشارات نقدية جاءت من النبي محمد صلى الله عليه واله وسلم التي متنت تاثير الشعر الجاهلي بفنيته ، التي اسس لها شعراء المرحلة الاولى ، وكذلك اراء الخلفاء الراشدين ، فضلا عن اراء العلماء والنقاد الذين اثروا التراث العربي بالمؤلفات الادبية والنقدية والتي استندت اليها الدراسة كثيرا الى نهاية العصر العباسي .وهنا يمكن القول ان نشاة النقد العربي القديم كان في ظلال الشعر الجاهلي وفي عصره . وكانت الاشارات النقدية الاولى التي وصلت الينا ، وصلت من العصر الجاهلي ، ثم بدات الاراء النقدية الناضجة تاتينا من علماء اللغة والمفسرين والادباء ، لانهم هم الذين بداوا بتاصيل علوم العربية استنادا الى الشعر الجاهلي ، والنقد في طليعة تلك العلوم . لان المفسر ناقد في بعض احكامه وعالم اللغة والشاعر وهكذا . ومن هنا ستنهض فصول الرسالة ببيان هذا كله ان شاء الله تعالى.وقد تطلب هذا الجهد في البحث خطة تستوعب تلك الموضوعات المتفرقة ، فجاءت الخطة بثلاثة فصول يسبقها تمهيد تحدثت فيه عن اثر الشعر الجاهلي في تكوين علوم الدين واعتماد المفسرين وعلماء الدين على الشعر في اثبات ما يذهبون اليه ، ومن جهة اخرى تناول التمهيد اثر الشعر الجاهلي في تكوين علوم اللغة العربية . وجاء الفصل الاول بمباحثه الخمسة ليتناول فنية القصيدة العربية وعلاقتها بالشعر الجاهلي الذي اسس لها ، وكيفية حفاظ القصيدة على هذا البناء في الازمان اللاحقة ، وقد تناول المبحث الاول من هذا الفصل تقديم رؤية كاملة لاراء الشعراء الجاهليين انفسهم في تاثرهم بشعراء المرحلة المتقدمة من العصر وهذا مظهر من مظاهر تاثير الشعر في النقد وان كان الاثنان جاهليين ، وكذلك فصلت الحديث في اراء النبي محمد صلى الله عليه واله وسلم في اثبات فنية الشعر الجاهلي وصلاحيتها لبقية العصور ، مع عرض ومناقشة لتلك الاقوال الشريفة ، ثم اراء الخلفاء الراشدين رضي الله عنهم ، تتلوهم اراء الادباء والنقاد التي اثبتت ذاك التاثير . اما المبحث الثاني فقد تناولت فيه الابتداء عند الشعراء في قصائدهم وهو يشمل المطلع ومقدمة القصيدة ، ثم تناول المبحث الاخر الرحلة في القصيدة وقد بينت في هذا المبحث اثار الشعر الجاهلي التي حتمت على النقاد عيب الذين خرجوا عن الرحلة الجاهلية ، اما المبحث الرابع فقد تناول بالدرس الغرض مستندا الى الاغراض التي كتب فيها الفحول الجاهليون ، وكيفية تاثيرهم بمن جاء بعدهم . ثم وقف المبحث الخامس على التخلص مبينا فيه مذاهب العرب في تخلصاتهم وسلطة الشعر القديم في ايجاد التخلص داخل القصيدة ، فضلا عن الكيفية التي طور بها الشعراء المحدثون التخلص ورضا النقاد عن هذا التطور .وتكفل الفصل الثاني بدراسة تاثير الشعر الجاهلي في نقد القضايا الفنية التي تنبه اليها النقاد العرب القدامى وعلموا بهواهي : ( اثر البداوة ، الترصيع ، الطبع والصنعة ، الفرق بين الرجز والقصيد ، والقديم والحديث) ، وقد افردت هذه القضايا بفصل مع العلم بتداخلها مع الفصل الثالث في المعنى في بعض المواطن ، لكني درست كل قضية منها من الجانب الذي يتناسب مع عنوان المبحث والفصل معا.وقد جاء الفصل الاخير مؤكدا ما اثبته في الفصلين السابقين ، وقد درست عدة قضايا مهمة في تاريخ الشعر العربي وهي اغلبها تخص المعنى، وهي : (الخطا في الوصف ، الغرض ، السرقات ، المبالغة ، المعاظلة ، والوضوح والغموض) فكان متمما لما سبقت دراسته ، من خلال بيان مفاهيم المصطلحات السابقة مع بيان تاثير الشعر الجاهلي وكيف اسس لهواكيف كانت سلطته في الحفاظ عليها بصورتها الجاهلية في الاشعار اللاحقة ، وعلمت في هذا الفصل بالحديث عن مواطن تاثير الشعر الجاهلي من جانب المعاني ، وقد التزمت البحث ضمن دائرة القضايا التي تخص المعنى .واعقبت تلك الفصول الثلاثة خاتمة البحث التي برزت النتائج التي توصلت اليها من خلال الدراسة ، ثم اثبت في نهاية الرسالة قائمة المصادر والمراجع التي اعتمدها البحث ، واعقبتها بملخص انجليزي اشرت فيه لفكرة عامة عن الرسالة ومحتوياتها . | The pre - Islamic Poetry is regarded as a basis for Arabic culture. Criticism accompanied that culture since the beginning by evaluating poets and their poems in terms of the committed mistakes and by encouraging their efficient performance. Throughout my research, I found out a great movement and tendency towards the pre - Islamic form of the Arabic poetry in its form and meanings. This study has been built on the fact of the existence of the pre - Islamic poetry's a authority extended for a long time. This fact has been proven by detecting the traces of poets, scientists and critics about these aspeds that we can apparently find in the nowadays poems. We concluded this fact by a thorough discussion of critics and scientist' opinions to find out the standards for their criticism.According to the abovementioned information, the thesis is entitled " the Aspects of pre - Islamic poetry's effect on old Arabian criticism". The study has a huge scientific materials and period of time, as well as, enriched with literature and criticism. Thus, the study dealt with the early stages of pre - Islamic literature in addition to the aspects of Arabic poetry in the stages that follows, as well as, dealing with the pre - Islamic poems in terms of its topics and technique . This study took place from the early Islamic period with its critical signs which revealed by the prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) that strengthen the effect of the pre - Islamic techniques of poetry. This study has been supported by the opinions of the first level poets, the righteous caliphs , the scientists and critics who enriched the Arabic heritage works that affect people untill the Abbassid era.We can say here that the establishment of the Arabic criticism started since the pre - Islamic period of poetry that gave us the signs of criticism. Then the mature opinion of criticism have begun to be approached by the Linguists, intepreters and writers for their efforts in rooting the Arabic sciences based on the pre - Islamic era, criticism was one of these sciences. Therefore, all the abovementioned information will be tackled in this thesis.In order to accomplish these individual topics, the thesis was divided into three chapters preceeded by an introduction about the effect of pre - Islamic poetry on the formulation of relegious sciences and the dependence of preachers and interpreters on poetry to prove their theories. In addition, the introduction dealt with the impact of pre - Islamic poetry on the formulation of Arabic Linguistics.The first chapter which included five sections dealt with the technique of Arabic poems and their relation with pre - Islamic poetry, as well as, the way in which the poem keeps the same structure across the ages . The first section presented a complete vision on the pre - Islamic poets' opinions about themselves for being affected by the early poets of the same era which , in turn , represented an aspect of poetry's effect on criticism . Moreover, the section shed light on prophet Muhammad's (Pbuh) sayings that affected by the technique of pre - Islamic era, then the opinions of righteous caliphs and critics that proved that effect. As for the second section, the researcher tackled the poems' beginnings which included the preface and introduction. The next section the journey in the pre - Islamic poetry. The fourth section dealt with the purpose of writing poems and their effect in the pre - Islamic era. As for the fifth section , it tackled the good riddance and its various types for Arab, as well as, the old poetry authority in addition to the way Arabs poets develop this style.Chapter two contained the study of the effect of pre - Islamic poetry on criticising the technique of poems that early poets talked including : ( The nomade effect, the inlay, the apprenticeship, the difference between a poem and rajiz , the old and the new poetry ). Each of these issues were talked individually in reference with the meaning in chapter three.The last chapter assured what has been proven in the previous two chapter . It contained important issues in the history of Arabic poetry that almost all related to the meanings . These issues were (The mistake in description, the purpose, the robberies, exaggeration, problematic issues, clearliness and vagueness). The researcher explained these concepts and terms to explain the impact of pre - Islamic poetry on other ages. The researcher also showed this impact in terms of meanings.The conclusion then followed the previous three chapters that highlighted the results of the study. A list of references has been written after that, as well as, an abstract in English.

التقابل الدلالي في ديوان السيد سليمان الكبير ت 1211هـ : دراسة لغوية على المستويات == Semantic Synonym in Collection of Mr. Sulaiman Al - Kabir died in (1211 H.) A linguistic study at the levels

Author name: صفا جابر خضير المكنوشي
Supervisor name: افراح عبد علي الخياط
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The tragic incident of al - Hussein (peace be upon him) shook the throne of heaven and earth, a violent shock that had a great impact on the hearts of the pious souls who refused to submit to slavery except for Allah Almighty. The issue of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) is not related exclusively to the Shaia Sect , that is, any human being, whether in the West or the East of the world, was a Muslim or not and sacrificed himself for the sake of the sovereignty of great good , humanity and peace .This incident, as we have mentioned, had a great impact on the free souls, especially the expressive souls represented by the poets. A large number of poets emerged who produce there influence in the form of creativity that simulates what happened to Imam Hussein and his household (peace be upon them) in the day of Ashura until they were called later The Poets of Al - Taff "So, it was said : Shaia literature, and it was also said : Did you find a writer who is not Shiite, because the suppression and pain push man to write and portray the situation in the view of the written verse and as long as one feels revenge and the heat of vengeance does not sleep for his vengeance, undoubtedly he will be pushed to portray his situation describing the painfulness of his own, comforting his grief in his days , nights, meditations and meetings" 1.From this point of view, I chose a poet from the poets of the Al - Taff , Sayid. Sulaiman Al - Kabir, who died (1211 H.), thispoet who diversified the poetic purposes in his collection, as he followed the approach of the ancients in writing in all the traditional purposes. The most employed purpose in his collection is lamentation especially the lamination of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), while the other purposes of praise , lamentation , satire and others came second after this purpose, and for the poet's style of words were easy words derived from the context in which it is received and the style of the poet has a big role in this language to employ psychologically and objectively of the poet. That's through his style.And after my reading to the collection of Sayid. Suleiman I found in the verses of the poet the sense of corresponding is deeply rooted to the extent that considers this case as a prominent phenomena. So, I decided to study the corresponding in the verse of Sayid. Suleiman and my research' title was ( The Semantic Corresponding in the Collection of the Great Sayid. Suleiman, died in(1211 H.).In conclusion, I would like to say that the reason for my choice of this subject is the strong connection to the Ahal Albait (peace be upon them), especially Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), who touched with his cause for which he went out in the day of Ashura free hearts and ignited the fire of revenge for those who won by blood of the swords on the account of injustice And hypocrisy , so I have the honor to go into such a topic about the one who cried the angels of heaven, if there is in my research merits can be mentioned , thanks to the Lord of the world .

صورة الذات في شعر الشريف الرضي == Self - Image in the Poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi

Author name: قاسم كريم احمد حمد الخولاني
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الودود عثمان الحمداني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The idea of the study is to investigate the poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi (d.406 A.H.) in a way that leads to the self - image in it. If we want to reach that aim, we should know the self and the image in isolation. Then, observe the poetry that contain it. Al Shareef Al Radhi is a poet that introduced himself to Arabic literature through his poetry.The significance of the study lies in carrying the name of a famous poet whose poetry still recited a thousand years since his death. On the other hand, the type and quality of his poetry that can be suitable to any type of scientific and critical studies.Al Shareef Al Radhi is regarded as the most accurate poet in description in his poetry. His poetry is the most accurate in documenting his life stages , the depth of his personality , and the secrets of his soul. He is regarded as one of the great Arab poets of all times. He was distinguished by the richness of his poetic art and the variety of the topics that it addressed. So, his poetry is regarded as a huge classic heritage that affected the literary and linguistic ideology to the extent that some of the early authors put him on the lead of all Arab poets of all time.Al Shareef Al Radhi was born in the fourth Hijri century (359A.H.) which is the peak of Islamic civilization. The Abbasid age is regarded as the greatest age in the Islamic history. It was the age of civilization, science, literature, intellectual opening. The fruit of that age was the names of the scientists and writers that reached to us. This advance was accompanied by the greatest episodes of political conflicts between the foreign interference represented by Buyid dynasty and Abbasid authority. This led to a great diturbance in the lifestyle ,especially, social life. It1created severe class differences to the extent that some have a huge fortune and others cannot afford their food.Al Shareef Al Radhi's family suffered from those circumstances. Adhudh Al Dawla arrested his father and imprisoned him in the caslle prison in Fars and confiscated his estates in 369 A.H. Al Shareef Al Radhi was only ten years old at that time.This study is divided into three chapters proceeded by an introduction and a background entitled "On the Concept of Self - image : A Theoretical Introduction". In the first chapter, which is entitled " Triggers of Self - occurring and the Crystallization of Image", the researcher discussed the triggers of his poetry which is accompanied by his poetic genius to write the greatest poem. One of these triggers is Islam and his strong faith and his noble origin because his fifth grandfather is Imam Musa bin Jaafar Al Khadhim (PUH) and connected to the golden chain that reaches the Prophet Mohammed (ABAPUH). The other poetic trigger is Arabism that was in his blood and a characteristic of his poetry as well as the social circumstances which is dealt with in a dedicated chapter due to its effect on the poet. His poetry was originated from his suffering. The last section of this chapter was devoted to discuss the poet's genius and innovation.The second chapter discussed the Beduinism which was a characteristic of his poetry by his pride in himself , self - mirror, and sense of exile.In the third chapter, the researcher discussed the compound self concept by following the dominant pattern and religious belonging. It also discussed the conservative self and the rebellious self.2The conclusion discussed extracts of self - image in the poetry of Al Shareef Al Radhi and the following findings of the study : 1. Al Shareef Al Radhi renewed Arabic language and vocabulary by the noble meaning of his poetry and innovating new vocabulary and others derived from imagination.2. His poetry was yearning for the genuine Arabic traditions. He was not affected by the appearances that corrupted the Islamic ethics which was clear in his metaphors.The conclusions also contained a recommendation which is the need for studying the poetic text in a qualitative way because it can respond to any critical method and carries a precious heritage.

شعر تميم بن مقبل في الدرس النقدي العربي القديم == The poetry of Tameem Bin Mukbil in The Classical Critical Lesson

Author name: مخلص سليم جاسم دلي
Supervisor name: وسن عبد المنعم ياسين الزبيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The Importance of this study stems from the maven personality of Tameem bin Mukbil as he has his own finger print on Arabic literature specifically as he was pagan characteristics in his thoughts , spirit , habits and traditions Tameem respected Islam , but he believed that this religion separated him from his beloved wife "Aldahmaa" . He couldnt stop loving her and longing for her , although he married her after his fathers death as shy was his fathers wife originally . So he must treat her as a mother ,But he loved her and treated her as a beloved .Tameem was brilliant at description , love , pride , Satire , compliment , lamination complaint , wisdom and preachment which were dominant in the pre - Islamic literature . He used various eloquent styles like simile , metaphor and antonomasia beside other prosodic phenomena . He was a Muslim with a pagan spirit .

القصيدة الومضة في الشعر العراقي المعاصر حتى 2010 م : دراسة فنية == The Coruscation Poen in Contemporary Iraq Poetry up to 2010 : artistic

Author name: سجى عبد الرضا هاشم العزاوي
Supervisor name: نوافل يونس سالم الحمداني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Development is still going on in life and all fileds, especiallyliterature. Its development is of crystal clear impact on society itselfas it is regarded the mouthpiece of aggrieved and their righteousvoice. It is my love of poetry that urged me to be directed to thismajor and it was the plase of care and thought. Therefore I madeup my mind to delve in my depth so as to figure out whatsoeverport and cons in the inside of it.After thinking for a while, I have made up my decision, with theassistance of my supervisor, in choosing a topic in literturegenerally and poetry specifically that is dealing with the artisticside. After keen reading and cogniting the topic chosen was TheCoruscation Poem in Contemporary Iraqi Poetry up to 2013 : anArtisic Study I have labored hard to afford a portrait of the artisticvalue of the poem in literary devices system which mightcontribute in the expression. As far as I know, there is no previoussimilar study in the coruscation save the (Coruscation Poem) by(raed Jaradat) in Almustansiriya University which is a Ph.D.dissertation written in 2014 . Unfortunately , I did not have accessto this dissertation nethier in libraries nor by means of the authorhimself . As for me, I have shed light on poets of coruscation fromthe beginnings of the poet Ahmed Safi Elnaja up to the last of the2013 poets, wishing yet that I did not forget any f them.Throughout collecting the information and sources, and embarkingon writing the thesis. I have found out that the outline of the thesisis to be comprising of a perfase, three chapters of three sectionseach and a conclusion .The prefase tackled the scope of the term focusing mainly on thewhere and when was the beginning and flourishing of coruscationpoem, whether it is of valus or not, names it is known in andnumber. The first chapter, which is concentrating on coruscationas image, is subdivided into three section the first dealt with thesimile and its devices that are included in the poem, the secondtackled personification, incarnation and metaphor in the poem inaddition to defining it via my analysis of the poem, while sectionthree was alloted to the metony my image in which I have dealtwith everything comprising metonymy and its artistic image through analyzing the poetic texts.Moreover, chapter tow is dedicated to the study of condensation and is divided into three section. The first contained semantic and stylistic condensation the second was entitled condensation and shadows of meaning while the third was about condensation anachronism and its relation to coruscation poem. In the third chapter I studied coruscation in terms of prosody. It is also divided into three sections; the first was about assonance and alliteration in coruscation and their relation to each other the second dealt with repetition and contrast while the third was entitled coruscation prosody and whether it has a phonetic prosody. It might be worth noting that despite the difficulties and obstacles faced in terms of lack of pervious studies and references, yet, I was capable of achieving this study wishing it to be in the service of literature.

اتجاهات نقد الرواية في صحيفة الاديب الثقافية 2016 م - 2003 == Trends in Novel Criticism in Al - Adeeb Newspaper (2003 - 2016)

Author name: هبة جاسم محمد عباس الطائي
Supervisor name: خالد علي یاس
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: This study investigates the known concrete samples (articles), published in Al - Adeeb cultural journal, by research and observing. Those samples are identified by the critical article style analyzing and criticizing the novel. Therefore, the study is divided into two sections, one section deals with the academic criticism. This section is divided into two chapters, the first chapter adopted the formal structural approach, while the second adopted the postmodern approach. The second section deals with press style which is divided into two chapters. The first chapter introduces the Impressionist monetary (interpreter). The second chapter introduces the interrelated criticism (hybrid) which show similar visions that is the absence of rhetoric with its stable intellectual approaches. Therefore, this study is based on the discrimination between two types of novel criticism, one adopting critical approaches and known methods and the other which is uncommitted to them

عبد الغفار حامد هلال وجهودة اللغوية

Author name: محمود يوسف رميض رجب العباسي
Supervisor name: ليث اسعد عبد الحميد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

شروح ابيات كتاب سيبويه : دراسة تحليلية == The Reviews of the Verses of Sibaweih's "Al Kitaab" (The Book) : Investigation and Analysis

Author name: ابراهيم عبد الرحمن محمد
Supervisor name: ليث اسعد عبد الحميد
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Sibaweih's "Al Kitaab" is regarded as the first and the most comprehensive book that reached us. It is was the book that is the mostly studied and investigated among other books. The efficiency in this book was in the originality of expression and the power of the structure.As this book has took a great deal of study, some of the many major scholars conducted reviews, comments, illustration to its verses, and investigations to its structures in most of the capitals of the Islamic states from east to west. Due to its importance, the number of those reviews reached to twenty. The only reviews that reached us are four : "The Review of Sibaweih's Verses" by Abu Ja'afar Al Nahhas (d.328 A.H.), "The Review of Sibaweih's Verses" by Ibn Al Sirafi (d. 385 A.H.), the third review was called "Tahseel Ein Al Thahab" by Al A'lam Al Shantamri (d. 476 A.H.), the last review was by Afif Eddin Al Kufi (d. 696 A.H.) which was a script that is not available in our country. So the study was based on the first three reviews. It is worth mentioning that the review of Abu Ja'afar Al Nahhas was not real. It is either a shorthand of the original review, or attributed to him, which is the truth. The study reached the following conclusions : 1. Concerning the methodology of writing and reviewing : a. The introduction of Al Nahhas's review was too short that did not cover all the aspects; Al Sirafi did not write an introduction to his review; while Al Shantamri's introduction was comprehensive and he was committed to it in his review.b. Al Shantamri followed the same order of the original book in his review while the review of Al Sirafi had some overlap and fusion of some verses. On the other hand, Ibn Al Sirafi's review was random and did not follow the original order. c. Ibn Al Nahhas's review was very brief and sometimes he did not comment on the verses, while Al Sirafi illustrated the meanings of the utterances , the rules, and the examples. Al Shantamri's review was less detailed than Al Sirafi.2. Concerning the basics of grammar.a. The authors paid much attention to irregularities without admitting that.b. The authors used less Quranic examples. In the review of Al Nahhas, 24 examples and seven in the Quran recitiations were used. In the review of Ibn Al Sirafi has 37 examples and seven examples on recitations. Al Shantamri brought 31 Quranic examples and two examples on recitations.c. The authors did not use Hadith in their examples except two examples by Al Shantamri. The study was organized into three chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. The introduction contained a brief illustration on the significance of Sibaweih's work and his use of poetic examples as well as the reviews written on it. It also contained a brief biography of the three reviewers.The first chapter studied the review writers' methods and their resources. It was divided into two sections. The first section discussed the reviewers methods while the second section discussed their resources. The second chapter was devoted to the study of the basics of grammar. It was divided into three sections. The first section dealt with irregularities, the second discussed assessing, while the third discussed reasoning. There was no need to make a section about the reviewers agreements because there was only two points in Al Shantamri.The third chapter was a grammatical and linguistic study to the three reviews. It was divided into three sections. The first section was a grammatical study. The second section was a linguistic study. While the third section was about poetry and poetic license.The study ended in a conclusion of the results of the study followed by a bibliography and an abstract in English

البحث المعجمي في كتب معاني القران للفراء والاخفش والزجاج == Lexical Research in the books of the Holly Qur'an(Maa'ny Al Qur'an) by Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj

Author name: هدى كريم هادي صالح الجبوري
Supervisor name: ابراهيم رحمن حميد الاركي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: It is well known that Arabic language is an acquired social phenomenon that keeps growing and developing with time ; it is unstable. The words used earlier by the Arabs were forgotten over the passage of time and became vague and not understood, therefore the experts of science and Arabic languagerealized the importance of including the Arabic words in dictionaries and books of meanings with their explanations. They do so in order to keep the Arabic language from vanishing , because it is the identity of the Arabs and the language of the Holly Qur'an. The Arabic words with their explainedmeanings found in the books of meanings of the Holly Qur'anby Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjajmade a huge tempting material for the researcher to propose this study entitled (Lexical Research in the books of Meanings of the HollyQur'an (Maa'ny Al Qur'an)by Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj (a balanced study).This study aims at presenting the words of the Holly Qur'an with their meanings besides the basicand the secondary methods of explanation used by Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj in their books entitled Maa'ny Al Qur'an. Also, it aims at showing the indications of the semantic development and the methods adopted in interpreting a lexical item in Maa'ny Al Qur'an.The researcher followed different methods to achieve the desired scientific truth including balancing, analyzing, discussing and commenting.The researcher depended on different resources including the following books : AL - Ain, al - Muzhir, Al - Misbah Al - Muneer fi Ghareeb Al - Sharh Al - Kabeer and Language by Findris. Besides a number of theses , researches and magazines including the Lexical senseused by the Arabs( a theoretical and practical study),Semantics by Ibn Al - Jinny's Al - Khasais and Lexical research by Al - Raghib Al - Asbhani's Al - Mufradat fi Ghareeb Al - Qur'an.The recent study consists of an introduction including the division of chapters, a preface entitled resources of Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj in the lexical lesson. The study contains three chapters. Chapter one entitled (The basic and secondary methods of explanation adopted by Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj in introducing the Lexical meaning in their books Maa'ny Al Qur'an) is divided into three sections : 1 - Section one : The basic and secondary methods of explanation adopted by Al - Farra' in introducing the Lexical meaning in his book (Maa'ny Al Qur'an).1 - Section Two : The basic and secondary methods of explanation adopted by Al - Akhfash in introducing the Lexical meaning in his book (Maa'ny Al Qur'an).1 - Section Three : The basic and secondary methods of explanation adopted by Al - Zajjaj in introducing the Lexical meaning in his book(Maa'ny Al Qur'an). The first chapter also includes a conclusion of a balance made among the three books concerning the material introduced in this chapter.Chapter two entitled ( Lexical Development and the adopted methods used in explaining the item lexically using Maa'ny Al Qur'an b Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj) is divided into three sections : 1 - Section one : The signs of lexical development and the adopted methods used in explaining the item lexically in Al - Farra' Maa'ny Al Qur'an.2 - Section Two : The signs of lexical development and the adopted methods used in explaining the item lexically in Al - AkhfashMaa'ny Al Qur'an.3 - Section Three : The signs of lexical development and the adopted methods used in explaining the item lexically in Al - ZajjajMaa'ny Al Qur'an.This chapter ends with a conclusion of a balance made among the three books concerning the material introduced in this chapter.Chapter three entitled (Figuring out the meaning of the lexical item in Maa'ny Al Qur'an by Al - Farra', Al - Akhfash and Al - Zajjaj) is dividede into three sections : 1 - Section One : Figuring out the meaning of the lexical item in Maa'ny Al Qur'an by Al - Farra'.2 - Section Two : Figuring out the meaning of the lexical item in Maa'ny Al Qur'an by Al - Akhfash. 3 - Section Three : Figuring out the meaning of the lexical item in Maa'ny Al Qur'an by Al - Zajjaj.This chapter ends with a conclusion of a balance made among the three books concerning the material introduced in this chapter

شروح التعريف في ضروري التصريف لابن مالك ت 276 ه : دراسة تحليلية موازنية

Author name: هدى داود سليم عبد علي
Supervisor name: عبد الرسول سلمان ابراهيم الزيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Morphology has a great importance in the linguistic lesson in ancient time and lately, it regards to the internal building of words and which has known in their originality, situations and chapters.But, because the position of this science and its importance, the researcher has been attracted to study morphological study, the researcher selected a study in " Shoroh Al - Mukhter, in Morphology thus the study entitled ( shroh altareef fi dhrory altasreef for Ibn Malik of an analytical and balance study). The study has been divided into three chapters preceded by a preface, followed by a conclusion.Preliminary, the study dealt with the life of commentators and most important explanations print and non - print, in the first chapter the researcher studied commentators efforts and their own curriculum. In the second chapter, the researcher tackled with the resources of commentators and morphological in industry indications. The third chapter addresses the morphological topics in the alshoroh. In the conclusion, the researcher showed the most important findings, including the best explanations of the book, and identifying his figures which have not been studied before, and the statement of their views in morphological issues and clarifies his controversial and status toward it, as well as, this study has allowed the balance between the worlds, a great figure of the seventh century and another one from the world of the flags of the eighth A.H.

الفاظ انواع التمور في العراق : دراسة دلالية معجمية مصورة == PRONUNCIATIONS OF TYPES OF DATES IN IRAQ (A Photographed, Semantic, and Lexical Study)

Author name: ضياء احمد حميد حسين
Supervisor name: نصيف جاسم محمد علي الجبوري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: This study entitled (Pronunciations of Types of Dates in Iraq (A Photographed, Semantic, and Lexical Study)) is exactly interested with searching the pronunciation of dates in Iraq. The pronunciations were really mentioned in old dictionaries. Since thetypes could not be sure by its extinction, or existing because palm trees are renewed continuously. Each planted date nucleus is a project for a new brand restricted to quality standards in breeding from inbreeding. As the new brands are named in new names. Theysignify names of different varieties of (dates). Here, comes the role of Arabic language in revealing the names and since Iraq is the first country in growing palm dates and has brands reaching to one thousand brand, this study was done to gather these brands in oldand modern ages according to reliable agricultural classifications and referring them back to dictionaries, linguistics, countries, eloquence, history, and books of agriculture to stand closely on each significance for each brand. The difference of shape of the fruit color, size, and shape led to support each name with photographs that leads the reader to signify each brand with its name and shape. Some brands documented photographs were not found because of its rare existence, or extinction. This research is divided into two parts, the first deals with a group of special findings of dates like old and modern brands, the methods of manufacturing names of dates according to their color, shape, owner of brand, place of growing the brand, ways of forming and imagery, stages that dates pass by, differences in pronouncing the name in old and modern ages, effect of nearby languages by transliterating and foreign in naming the brands. The researcher shed light on the importance of naming the colors, and dkl (worst brands of dates) and their differences in dictionaries. The significance of brands, dates, types, and sex. As for the second part of this research, it comprises names of dates in Iraq and describing them agriculturally and revealing its significance semantically. Since some pronunciations were gathered from different environments and has, more than one significance the nearest significance was taken. It could be said that this research a photographed dictionary of names of Iraq dates could have linguistic benefit for language and agricultural departments.

المباحث اللغوية والنحوية في (نخب الافكار في تنقيح مباني الاخبار في شرح معاني الاثار) للامام بدر الدين العيني (ت855هـ)

Author name: ابراهيم خلف صالح القيسي
Supervisor name: علي عبد الله حسين العنبكي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
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