Show: 25 50 75 100 Results

Search results: 25 out of 892

دراسة طيفية وثرموديناميكية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة المشتقة من تفاعل 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 - هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية مع عدد من المستقبلات الالكترونية == Spectral And Thermodynamic Studies For A Number of Charge Transfer Complexes Derived From The Reaction of 3 - Methoxy - 4 - Hydroxy Benzaldehyde And Number of Aromatic Amine With A Number of Electron Acceptors

Author name: اماني اياد حسين علي
Supervisor name: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: الجزء الاول : وفيه تم تحضير تسعة من قواعد شف المشتقة من 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية متمثلة بالانيلين والانيلين المعوض ب ( 2 - هيدروكسي، 4 - هيدروكسي، 2 - امينو، 4 - امينو، 2 - كربوكسي، 4 - كربوكسي، 2 - نيترو، 4 | This work divided into three parts which is dealt with study of charge transfer complexes. Nine Schiff bases used in this work were prepared by mixing (1 : 1) mole 3 - methoxy 4 - hydroxy benzyldehyde and the corresponding aromatic amines (aniline ,2_hydroxy aniline , 4_hydroxy aniline , 2_amino aniline , 4_amino aniline ,2_carboxy aniline , 4_carboxy aniline , 2_nitro aniline , 4_nitro aniline).The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solvent were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor and five charge accepter molecules.Three of them are non - acidic acceptors such as (dinitro benzene DNB , Trinitro benzene TNB and Iodine I2 ) , another two are weak - acidic acceptors (Trinitro phenol TNP and p - nitro phenol p - NP ).The equilibrium constant of the CT complexes have been calculated by applying the Benesi - Hildebrands equation for (1x10 - 4 : 1x10 - 5 M) Schiff base : Acceptors concentration ratio. The equilibrium constants for complexes formation which are ranging between (1250 - 3000 mol - 1. dm3) with Iodine, (800 - 6000 mol - 1. dm3) with dinitro benzene, (833 - 4500 mol - 1. dm3 ) with trinitro benzene, (1000 - 5555 mol - 1. dm3 ) with para nitro phenol, (1000 - 6250 mol - 1. dm3) with Trinitro phenol ,The extinction coefficients have been determined were (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with Iodine, (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with DNB, (1111 - 20000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNB, (1111 - 20000 L. mol - 1.cm - 1) with p - NP , (2000 - 33333 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNP.The ionization potential (Ip) of these bases also have been determined and are (6.02 - 8.90 e.V) with Iodine ,(11.6 - 14.15 e.V ) with Dinitro benzene (8.10 - 9.20 e.V) with trinitro benzene , (8.57 - 9.64 e.V) with Para nitro phenol ,(6.26 - 8.15 e.V) with Trinitro phenol for the Schiff base association constant , It way noticed that the values of all the physical parameters of CTC and Schiff bases are affected by the substituted group due to the increases or decreases in the stability of the carbonium ion character of the azomethane.The another part of this work deals with study of the effect of temperature on the value of equilibrium constant KCT in the range (298 - 318)0k for charge - transfer complex formations in addition the values of ?H , ?G0 and ?S0 of the CT complexes were calculated from the dependence of KCT upon the temperature , The negative values of the enthalpy which proves that the formation of CTC are exothermic and could occur spontaneously.Finally , the third part of this work deals with studying the kinetic of formation and decomposition of the CTC in ethanol.The results indicated , the more stable CTC decomposes slower whatever was the nature of the acceptors , and the rate constant for formations and decompositions followed first order.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات قواعد شف الحلقية الجديدة ودراسة انتقائية معقداتها وبوليمراتها الكلابية == Synthesis And Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Schiff Bases And The Study of Their Metal Ions Selectivity Complexes And Chelating Polymers

Author name: دينا سعدي احمد مخلف الفلاحي
Supervisor name: علي طه علي السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن هذه الدراسة تحضير مشتقات الاوكسادايازول (4,2,1 و4,3,1) ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لبعضها وذلك بتحضير المركب 2 - امينوثايازول حامض الخليك (1) من تفاعل 2 - امينوثايازول مع كلورو حامض الخليك في الايثانول المطلق ثم تحضير معوضات الاميدواوكزيم (6 - 2) ا | This study deals with the synthesis of (1,2,4 & 1,3,4 - ) Oxadiazole compounds and evaluation their biological activity.The synthesis was outlined as follows : - 1 - 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) was prepared through the reaction of 2 - aminothiazole with chloroacetic acid.2 - Some new amidoxime derivatives (2 - 6) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted aromatic nitriyle with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.3 - the reaction of compound(2 - 6) with 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) in the presence of (DCC) afforded compounds (7 - 11) namlly; N - O - (subs) amidoximyl - thiazol - 2 - yl - amino carboxylate. cyclo dehydration reactions of compounds(7 - 11) by heating yielded the corresponding1,2,4 - oxadiazol (12 - 16).4 - 5 - pyridyl - 1,3,4 - oxadiazole - 2 - thiol (17) was prepared by the reaction of Nicotinic acid hydrazide with carbondisulfide (CS2) in alcoholic(KOH).5 - Reaction of compound (17) with aryl halides in the presence of alcoholic(KOH)yielded the corresponding thioethers (18 - 25). 6 - Some hydrazone derivatives (28 - 30) were prepared by the condensation reaction of benzoic acid hydrazide (27) with appropriale aromatic aldehyde , these hydrazone were cyclized to the corresponding1,3,4 - oxadiazoles (31 - 33) using(PbO2) in glacial acetic acid. These compounds were characterized by asins available spectroscopic methods (UV,IR and NMR) , the spectral data obtained are combatable with the structures assigned to these compounds , some of these compounds were tested againstThis study also include the evaluation of biological activity of some prepared (12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,31,32&33) on the growth of four types of pathogenic bacteria , (Escherichia coli, pseudomonas auruginosa, klebsela pneumoniae (gram negative) and staphylococcus aurous (gram positive) ).The results abtained are shown in tables (22 - 24).

دراسة طيفية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة لقواعد شف وحركيات الانحلال الضوئي للقواعد == Spectral And Photo Decay Kinetic Study For A Number of Charge - Transfer Complexes of Schiff Bases

Author name: بشرى كامل نجم الفراجي
Supervisor name: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي | نشوان عمر رشيد تبة باشي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis included the preparation of a number of new compounds derived from coumarin. In the first stage was to prepare two of the main compensators coumarin and published by preparation methods known , It was the preparation of compound 3 - acetyl coumarin [70] via Biginelli condensing and through reaction Salicyladehyde with ethyl acetoacetate in existence Piperidine. also prepared compound 3 - Carbomethoxy coumarin [85] in the same way by reaction Salicyladehyde with dimethyl malonate in existence Piperidine.Then, depending on the substituted groups in the two compounds [70] , [85] was the synthesis of other derivatives, namely : 1. Prepare derivatives [71] , [72]through reaction compound [70] with Phenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [71] or with 4 - Nitrophenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [72].2. Prepare derivatives [73] , [74] by Fischer reaction and through treatment of derivatives [71],[72] with poly phosphoric acid to produce a derivatives [73] , [74]respectively.3. Prepare derivatives [75] , [76] by Vilsmeier - Heack reaction and that the treatment derivatives [71] [72], with a mix of (DMF / POCl3) to produce a derivatives[75] , [76] respectively.4. Prepare derivatives [77] , [78] through reactance derivatives [71] , [72] with Copper acetate aquatic in acidic medium to produce a derivatives [77] , [78] respectively.5. prepare a series of derivatives [79 - 84] by Biginelli reaction and through treatment of compound [70] with a number of substitute aromatic aldehydes and urea in acidic medium and get on derivatives [79 - 84].6. prepare a series of derivatives [86 - 88] through reaction compound [85] with a number of primary aromatic amines in acidic medium and get on derivatives [86 - 88].7. prepare a series of derivatives [89 - 92] through reaction compound [85] with Piperazine and its derivatives in the acidic medium and get derivatives [89 - 92].In addition in this research was assigned the structures of some new derivatives via spectroscopic methods (FT - IR) and (1H NMR) and (13C NMR) and (HSQC, HMBC) in addition to accurate analysis of the elements (CHN), has demonstrated diagnostic studies the success of the chemical reactions and the health of chemical compositions of the derivatives prepared.As has been the study of biological effectiveness of some prepared compounds and the results showed a difference in their effect on bacteria and fungi, it was found that most of the derivatives prepared possess biological activity in the killing and inhibition of bacteria (E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus), as well as fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) so as to contain aldehyd and hydroxyl groups and fluorine atoms, chlorine, and heterogeneous episodes that make these derivatives are more effective than the base compound in inhibiting and killing bacteria.

تحضير بعض مشتقات المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المتضمنة حلقات رباعية وخماسية وسباعية وحلقة البايرازولين وتقييم تاثيرها على انواع مختلفة من البكتريا والفطريات == Synthesis of Some Deriativel Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Four, Five, Seven - Membered Rings And Pyrazol - 5 - One And Evaluate The Biological Activity of Some Bacteria And Fungies

Author name: هبة حمزة رشيد لطيف التكريتي
Supervisor name: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن الدراسة عدة اجزاء : الجزء الاول : تحضير مجموعة من قواعد شف من تكثيف البنزلديهايدالمعوض بالمواقع بارا بمجاميع( بارا - برومو، بارا - كلورو، بارا - نايترو، بارا - N,N - ثنائي مثيل امينو بنزالديهايد ) مع معوضات الانلين المختلفة (بارا - امينو اسيتوفينو | This Work was accomplished through the following four part : Part one In this part nine Schiff bases derived from p - substituted benzaldehyde) with (p - bromo aniline , p - amino acetophenon, aniline, 2 - amino phenol were prepared.The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solution were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor , and iodine as charge acceptor molecules.The physical parameters of charge - transfer complexes were calculated by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation. The equilibrium Constants for complexes formation were found to follow (3<4<9<6<7<8<5<1<2) arrangement. The energy of the complexes and extiztion coefficient were found to have the same arrangement shown above. The difference in the values of this physical properties are attributed to structural difference of the molecular (donating and withdrawing substituted groups). KCT values for the complexes were calculated from Bensi - Hildebrand equation and was found to fit the following arrangement ( 9<8<7<4<3<6<5<1<2 ), depending mainly on the types of substituted groups on aniline ring. Part Two Effect of temperature variation on equilibrium constant for the charge - transfer complexes formation were measured by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation ,which used to estimate the thermodynamic parameter such as (?G0, ?S0 , ?H ) in absolute ethanol. Part Three The kinetic of the formation of charge - transfer complexes in absolute ethanol was studied.The results indicated that, the more stable charge - transfer complexes have higher rate constant formation and the kinetic of CTC was first order. Part Four Photo stability of (1 - 9) Schiff bases against direct sun light was investigated as solution in both ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO.The results indicated that, the rates of photo decay of the Schiff bases in ethanol were faster than in DMSO solvent and the photo decay kinetic was found to follow first order reaction in ethanol and second order in DMSO solution.

المتحسس الكهروكيميائي المعتمد على الاقطاب المطورة == Electro Chemical Sensor Based On Modified Electrodes

Author name: مثنى سعيد علي كريم
Supervisor name: سهام توفيق امين | عبد الرحمن خضيرعبد الحسين الطائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/work%202018/science%20dept/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%89%20%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF.pdf
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: الدراسة تتضمن ثلاثة خطوات : - الخطوة الاولى : _ تحضير قواعد شيف (H1 - H15) التي تحتوي على موقع بارامع رسم المجموعات تحتوي على التحضيرات على التوالي في وسط متعادل خلال التفاعل بين مركبات الامينات الاروماتية ومعوضات البنزلديهايد في الايثانول المطلق. الخطوة | First step Schiff bases [H1 - 15] containing Para donating and with drawing groups have been prepared respectively in a neutral medium, through the reaction between aromatic amines compounds and substituted enz aldehyde in absolute ethanol. Second steppreparation of some of heterocyclic compounds include 3 - chloro - 2 - oxo - zetidine - 2 - one (H16 - 30) through its rection with chloro acetyl chloride in presence of tri ethyl amine in 1,4 - Dioxan and2 - (substituted aryl)thiozoldin - 4 - one (H31 - 40) is prepared from the reaction of thioglycolic acid with Schiff bases in presence of zinc chloride in dry Benzene and2 - (sub.aryl) - 5,7 - di - one oxazipene (H41 - 50) are synthesized by cyclization of Schiff bases using malic anhydride in methanol.Third stepthis part of the research included the preparation of compounds similar to chalcones which are the phenyl propene amide derivatives by the condensation of acetanilide and substituted acetanilide with substituted benzadehydes The phenyl propene amide derivatives were reacted with hydrazaid(iso nazaid) is preparation of Pyrazoline compounds (H56 - 60) are synthesized from the reaction of chalcons (H50 - 55).The structures of the synthesized compounds were supported by means of (FTIR), (UV - Vis), (1H - NMR) and the results are agreement with the proposed structures assigned to the synthesized compounds. Study of the biological activity for prepared compounds The study also includes the biological activity for some of the prepared compounds against four kinds of germs which known by its resistance against antibiotics, these are the compounds (H18,H31,H35,H41,H42,H53,H5) are tested on four types of germs which cause illness and resist the antibiotic agents and these germs( Bacillus submits, E - coli, salmonella, Enter course)and study the biological activity for some of the activity using different concentration and different type of fungous The results showed prominent activity against these bacteria, the detailed antibacterial screening are reported in Table (15) and the Inhibition of the fungus screening are reported in Table (16).

التقدير الطيفي للترايفلوبيرازين والكلوربرومازين في المستحضرات الصيدلانية باستخدام تفاعلات الاكسدة == Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride And Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride In Pharmaceutical Formulation By Oxidation Reactions

Author name: عمر عدنان هاشم شريف ال ابليش
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم خليل الجبوري | محسن حمزة بكر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: This study contained ageneral introduction about the Ion - Selective electrodes and ageneral introduction about Schiff's Base and the determination of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (DPH) and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (PEH) and Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (METO) and Metformin Hydrochloride (METF ) drugs using new methods applying potentiometric (the first part) and using Schiff's Base as ionophor In ISES membranes ( the second part).The first part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for DPH and PEH drugs based on complexation of drugs with Ammonium Reinckate (AR) and Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1. For the Diphenhydramine - Ammonium Reinckate (DP - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30?C), 10 - 2 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.40) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9971, detection limit (8.88x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 34 days.2. For the Diphenhydramine - Phospho Molybdic acid (DP - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9960, detection limit (6.8x10 - 8 M )and life time of the electrode was 40 days.3. For the Phenylephrine - Ammonium Reinckate (PE - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.8) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (2.22x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 24 days.4. For the Phenylephrine - Phospho Molybdic acid (PE - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.5mv\decade), correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (4.87x10 - 7 M ) and life time of the electrode was 26 days.The second part includes the use of Schiff's Base as ionophor in ISES MembranesThe second part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for METO and METF drugs based on complexation of drugs Schiff METO and Schiff METF as Ionophor with Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Nitro benzene (NB) and Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (19.90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (4.5x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 122 days.2.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively. The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 70) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9950, detection limit (3.83x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 108 days.3.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 30) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (3.87x10 - 7M )and life time of the electrode was 102 days.4.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 10) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9980, detection limit (2.37x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 90 days

تحضير، تشخيص وتقييم بايولوجي لبعض الادوية المصاحبة المشتقة من بعض مضادات الالتهابات غير الستيرويدية == Synthesis , Characterization And Biological Evaluation of Some Prodrugs Derived From Non - Steroidal Anti - Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID's)

Author name: مصطفى راجي عايد حمد
Supervisor name: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي | اياد سعدي حميد الدليمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجري هذا البحث لايجاد العلاقة بين العجز الكلوي المزمن ومستويات بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية عن طريق قياس مستوى انزيم الرينيين والفيوكوز الكلي (TF), الفيوكوز المرتبط بالبروتين (PBF) , البروتين المرتبطة بالسكريات السداسية (PBHex) وعدد من المتغيرات الكيموحيوية | This study has been done to determine the relationship between chronic renal failure and the level of some biochemical parameters (Rennin enzyme, Total Fucose(TF), Protein bound Fucose(PBF), protein bound Hexose (PBHex), and some other biochemical parameters including glucose , Urea, createnine, Uric acid, High density lipoproteins Cholestrol(HDL - c.), low density lipoproteins Cholestrol (LDL - c.) and electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Ca+2). Case study included (80) patients with chronic renal failure,Who admitted to the Kirkuk General Hospital Department of Dialysis , there ages were (31 - 60 years) of both sexes , patients has been divided into subgroups according to age {(31 - 35),(36 - 40),(41 - 45),(46 - 50),(51 - 550),(56 - 60)}year and severity compared with (45) normal persons as control with same ages, the results was as follows : Results showed a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of rennin enzyme (5.013±0.052 ng/mL.h) of patients before dialysis compared with control group (2.58±0.32 ng/mL.h) for different age groups, and there was a significant increase slightly for different age groups.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of TF and PBF (12.14±0.89 mg/dL),(7.450±0.18 mg/dL) respectively compared with control group (28.76±0.03 mg/dL), (2.26±0.27 mg/dL) respectively for different age groups, and there was no significant correlation between age groups or sex.There was significant decrease (P?0.01) in the level of protein bound hexose PBHex, (123.35±0.9 mg/dL) compared with control group (89.76±0.9 mg/dl) for different age groups, and there was no significant correlation between age groups or sex.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of glucose (5.072±0.13 mmol/L) compared with control group (7.03±0.46 mmol/L) for different age groups, and there was a significant increase for females (7.40±0.7 mmol/L) compared with males (6.84±0.4 mmol/L).There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of urea, uric acid and createnine, (5.66±0.24 mmol/L) , (336.5±1.4 mmol/L) , (90.8±1.3 mmol/L) respectively when compared with control group (34.27±0.9mmol/L) ,(516±1.8 mmol/L), (866±1.9 mmol/L) respectively for different age groups, and there was significant increase for males compared with females.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in K+ level (5.896±0.05mmol/L) compared with control group (4.253±0.12mmol/L) and there was no significant correlation for males compared with females.There was a significant decrease (P?0.01) in Na+, Ca+2 level, (2.317±0.044 mmol/L), (144.35±1.6mmol/L) respectively compared with control group (1.89±0.046 mmol/L) , (121.00±1.1mmol/L) respectively and there was no significant correlation for different age groups or males and females, while there was a a significant correlation for male (1.979±1.1mmol/L) compared with female (1.768±0.073mmol/L).Result showed a significant decrease in HDL_c in the serum of patients before dialysis (1.263±0.027 mmol/L) compared with control (0.701±0.014 mmol/L) and there was a significant increase in HDL - c for female group compared with male group.There was significant increase in LDL_c in the serum of patients before dialysis (2.946±0.019mmol/L) compared with control (5.1±0.68mmol/L) and there was a significant increase in LDL - c for female (6.30±1.3 mmol/L) compared with male group(5.076±0.023mmol/L).

تحضير عدد من المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المشتقة من 2 - امينو - 6 - بروموبنزوثايازول وتقييم تاثيرها البيولوجي == Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Compounds Derived From 2 - Amino - 6 - Bromobenzothiazole And Evaluation Their Biological Activity

Author name: خالد عبد العزيز عطية البدراني
Supervisor name: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي | احمد خضر احمد الخياط
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد الدوال المدروسة مع عينات عمرية لنساء مصابات بالاجهاض للثلث االثاني من الحمل ومستويات تركيزالفيوكوز الكلي Total fucose (TF), والفيوكوز المرتبط بالبروتين protein bound fucose (PBF), والسكريات السداسية المرتبطة بالبروتين (PBH) protei | The study was done to determine the relationship between the causes of abortion in women during the second trimester of pregnancy and total fucose (TF) level , protein bound fucose (PBF) , protein bound hexose (PBHex) and other biochemical parameter , which include : thyroid gland hormones ( T3, T4 ,TSH ) and testosterone , progesterone and Prolactin as well as the estimation of the levels of cholesterol , triglyceride , high density lipoprotein( HDL) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL) , and very low density lipoprotein( VLDL) Samples of ( 53) patientshave been collected from Azadi hospital and General Kirkuk hospital who have suffered from abortion where the agesranged between ( 16 - 45) years divided into three age groups first age group( 15 - 24) years & second age group( 25 - 34) years & third age group( 35 - 44) years. also the studyincluded (40) healthy persons at same age groups regarded as control groups1. Significant increase in the levels of (TF & PBF ) and Significantdecrease in the levels of (PBHex in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women2. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T3) for the first & third age group, and there is no significant difference for the second age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T4) for the first & third age group, and Significant decrease for the second age group in aborted womencompared with non - pregnant women. Significant decrease for the first & third age group and Significant increase for the second age group in thyroid hormone (TSH) in aborted women compared withnon - pregnant women.3. Significant increase in Testosterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women And Significant decrease in progesterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 4. Significant increase in Prolactin level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.5. Significant decrease in( cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL) level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 6. Significant increase in the levels of ( HDL ) for the first age group, and there is no significant difference for the second& third age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.

تاثـير بـعـض الـعوامل الـبـيـئـية عـلى نمـو الاحياء الدقيقة في بعض القاعات الانتاجية لمصنع ادوية سامراء == The Effect of Some Ecological Factors On The Growth of Microorganisms In Some Production Units In Sammara Drug Industry (SDI)

Author name: خالد محمد عباس
Supervisor name: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تم دراسة الظروف الطبيعية الموجودة في القاعات الانتاجية لمصنع ادوية سامراء من خلال العوامل البيئية التي شملت الحرارة، والرطوبة النسبية. وشدة الاضاءة واعداد حجم الدقائق العالقة في الهواء وتاثيرها على الاحياء المجهرية الموجودة في القاعات الانتاجية حيث تم اخذ | The natural environmental conditions existing in the production units of Sammara drug company have been studied. Environmental factors included, temperature, relative humidity, light intensity as well as number and size of suspended particles in the air. From December 2006 through June 2007. 87 sampling visit was made during which 384 swabs were collected from three production buildings : Ibn - Hayan, Ibn - Sina and Al - Zahrawy. Results showed that at different temperature levels during this study dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony in two buildings Ibn - Hayan and Ibn - Sina, was observed, whereas the dominance of fungal colony over bacterial colony in Al - Zahrawy building was noticed. While the effect of relative humidity on microorganisms showed that in Ibn - Hayan building at low relative humidity (41 - 53%) the dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony whereas the dominance of fungal colony on bacterial colony at relative humidity (53 - 62%). While in Ibn - Sina building bacterial colony dominante fungal colony except at high relative humidity (63 - 73%), where the fungal colony dominance. The same pattern have shown in Al - Zahrawy building at low relative humidity less than 51% while fungal colony exceeded bacterial colony at high relative Humidity. Result of the effect of light intensity showed that the low light intensity have greater effect on fungal colony than bacterial colony this clear in Ibn - Hayan and Ibn - Sina buildings whereas increases in light intensity showed the reverse while the low light intensity in Al - Zahrawy building shown different effects which the dominance of fungal colony over bacterial colony. This perhaps reflects the different species of fungal colony in production units.The effect of the number and the size of 0.3 micron of particulates on bacterial and fungal colony was also examined. It has been noticed that the dominance of bacterial colony over fungal colony until the number of particulates 49000/foot3 in Ibn - Hayan building, while fungal colony appeared in most swabs in Ibn - sina building, but dominancy for bacterial colony. While in Al - Zahrawy building the swabs showed clear appearance for fungal colony, but some swabs shown high bacterial growth. The effect of 0.5 micron particulates showed that the dominance of bacterial colony with increased number of particulates in Ibn - Hayan building. The same pattern was shown in Ibn - Sina building, while in Al - Zahrawy building it has been the dominances of bacterial colony until 15000/foot3, but with increase in number fungal colony appear very clear. The following bacteria and fungi were identified during the course of this study; Staphylococcus, E.coli and a low genera of fungi like Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor. It has been shown by the collected swabs that the contamination with bacteria and fungi of drug production units never exceeded the standard limits set by the company except in very rare occasions the high contamination rate occurred in the hands of workers and delivery boxes in Ibn - Sina building.

دراسة بكتريولوجية لاخماج المسالك البولية للنساء الحوامل والمصابات بارتفاع ضغط الدم وداء السكري في منطقة تكريت == Bacteriological Study of Urinary Tract Infections Among Pregnant, Hypertensive, And Diabetic Women In Tikrit Region

Author name: اسراء عز الدين ابراهيم
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم فتاح عمر
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: النساء المتزوجات والحوامل والنساء المصابات بداء السكري وضغط الدم المرتفع ومدى مقاومتها للمضادات الحيوية لقد اشتملت الدراسة على 411 عينة ادرار من المريضات المراجعات لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي و100 عينة ادرار كمجموعة ضابطة للفترة من تشرين الثاني2008 ولغاية ايلو | This study aimed to isolate and identify the bacterial causative agents of urinary tract infections among married, pregnant, diabetic and hypertensive women and to determine the susceptibility of isolated bacteria to different antibiotics. The study included 411 urine samples for women attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital, besides 100 urine samples used as a control group. The study carried out for the period from November 2008 to September 2009.E. coli was the most isolated bacteria at the rate of 31.8 % from married women followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus 18.18 % and Staphylococcus aureus 15.90%. In the pregnant women, S. saprophyticus was the most isolated bacteria 48.10 % followed by E. coli 20.25 % and S. aureus 12.65 %, and in the diabetic women, S. saprophyticus was the common isolated bacteria 32.07 % followed by E. coli 28.30 % and S. epidermidis 15.09 %. In the hypertensive women, S. saprophyticus 30.35% was the common isolated bacteria followed by E. coli 25.0% and S. aureus 19.64 %. In the case of diabetic pregnant women, and in the hypertensive pregnants S. saprophyticus was the most isolated bacteria, (80 % and 75 % respectively), while E. coli 44.4% was the common isolated bacteria among the diabetic hypertensive women. Out of all isolates, S. saprophyticus 35.13 % came in the first rank followed by E. coli 26.64% and S. aureus 12.74% while Klebsiella oxytoca and Serratia odorifera (0.38% for each of them) were the lowest isolates. Urinary tract infection was common among urban patients 57.49%.The isolated bacteria showed different susceptibility to the antibiotics used in this study. S. saprophyticus isolates showed high sensitivity to Amikacin, Nitrofuratoin and Cefolaxime (the resistance rate for these antibiotics were 11 %, 12.1 % and 12.1 % respectively). While these isolates showed high resistance to Streptomycin 76.9 %, Nalidixic acid 67 % and Cephalexin 69.29 %. E. coli isolates showed low resistance rate to Amikacin 9.28 %, Ciprofloxacin 10.1 %, whereas showed high resistance rate to Cephalexin 47. %, Streptomycin 84 % and Ampicillin 82.6 %. The isolates of S. aureus showed low resistance to Ciprofloxacin 18.2 %, Carbencillin 18.2 % and Amikacin 15.2 % and high resistance for Ampicillin 18.8 %, Nalidixic acid 75.8 % and Cephalexin 72.79 %. Other isolated bacteria showed a different percentages of susceptibility to antibiotics Serratia odorifera, Proteus vulgaris and Enterococcus faecalis showed a significant resistance to antibiotics, while S. epidermidis isolates showed low percentages of resistance to Ciprofloxacin 9.1 %, Amikacin 18.2 % and Gentamicin 9.1 %. For S. saprophyticus the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) resulted from Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Cefotaxime were 8 - 32, 8 - 64 and 4 - 8 ?g/ml, and for E. coli the MIC results were 2, 8 - 16 and 16 - 64 ?g/ml. The MIC results were 2 - 8, 8 - 128, 32 - 256 ?g/ml for S. aureus, while the MIC results were 8 - 32, 16 - 64 and 16 - 128 ?g/ml for Klebsiella pneumoniae.

دراسة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات الحناء Lawsonia inermis كمضاد للاكسدة في ذكور الجرذان البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي == A Study Effect of Henna Aqueous Extract Lawsonia Inermis As Antioxidant In Exposed Oxidative Stress White Male Rats

Author name: سعدية جمال قادر السامرائي
Supervisor name: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي | منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: صممت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات الحناء Lawsonia inermis كمضاد اكسدة في ذكور الجرذان البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين مع ماء الشرب طيلة مدة التجربة البالغة 30 يوما، بالاضافة الى فيتامين C المعروف كمضاد قوي لل | The study was examined the effect of aqueous extract of the Lawsonia inermis antioxidant in Albino male rats which exposed to oxidative stress induced hydrogen peroxide with drinking water for the duration of the experiment of (30 days), compared with vitamin C, known as strong anti - oxidant.1. The results showed that hydrogen peroxide led to a high moral (p <0.05) in the level of Glucose and Cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG) and low lipoproteins - lying density cholesterol (LDL - C) and lipoproteins low - lying density cholesterol is very (VLDL - C) and evidence Atherosclerosis, phospholipids and Malondialdehyde (MDA) peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) , Urea and Total count of white blood cells (WBCs), as well as significant decrease at the level (p <0.05) in the level of high - density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL - C) and the level of, Glutathione (GSH), and Ceruloplasmin (CP), Uric acid, Albumin, serum Creatinine in the blood of Albino male rats exposed to oxidative stress.2. Resulted in treatment of male rats, eggs exposed to stress oxidative vitamin C (concentration of 250 mg \ kg of body weight) to a significant decrease (P ? 0.05) compared with the group treated with H2O2 only in the total count of white blood cells and the level of glucose, cholesterol, Triglerids and lipoproteins and low density cholesterol and very low - lying density of cholesterol and signs Atherosclerosis and Phospholipids, Urea, and the Malondayaldehid Peroxynitrite radical, while the moral high concentrations in high - density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, Albumin, Creatinine, and, Glutathione and Ceruloplasmin.3. As well the treatment of animals exposed to stress oxidative Palmstkhals water plant henna to a significant decrease compared with the group treated with H2O2 only in the total number of white blood cells(WBCs) and concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein choesterol LDL - C, and low density is very VLDL - C, phospholipids, levels of evidence Altasd, Urea, and the Malondayaldehid MDA and Peroxynitrite radical, (ONOO - ) while the moral high concentrations in high - density lipoprotein choesterol, HDL - C, Uric acid, Albumin, and, Glutathione and Ceruloplasmin.4. That the treatment of Albino male rats group water plant henna led to a significant decrease in the concentration of Malondayaldehid Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) compared with the control group, while did not show significant difference (P> 0.05) in the concentrations of Glucose, total cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein, high - density cholesterol lipoprotein HDL - C, and low density cholesterol lipoprotein LDL - C, and low density cholesterol is very VLDL - C, phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels I, II and III, Uric acid, Creatinine, Albumin, Ceruloplasmin, Urea, peroxynitrite radical and total (WBCs) number of white blood cells compared with control group. It is clear from the current study that aqueous extract of henna, vitamin C role of great importance to reduce the emergence and development of atherosclerosis induced proxaid hydrogen as anti - oxidation which removal of free radicals, and contain the extracted compounds in particular have an impact on physiological and biochemical events occurring in the body and without side effects makes it possible to make use of the prevention and treatment of many different conditions, which may reflect the preventive role of this extract against free radicals.

دراسة وبائية لاميبا النسج في مدينة كركوك وعلاقته بالجذور الحرة في مصل دم المصابين == Epidemiological Study On Entamoeba Histolytica In Kirkuk City And Its Relationship With Free Radicals In Blood Serum of Infected Persons

Author name: ليما طارق يواش لازار
Supervisor name: شهاب احمد محمد الجبوري | محمد عبد العزيز قادر
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية فحص 600 عينة غائط للمرضى المراجعين لمستشفى الاطفال في مدينة كركوك للفترة من 1/12/2010 الى 17/7/2011 للتحري عن طفيلي Entamoeba histolytica.تم فحص عينات الغائط بطريقة المسحة المباشر باستخدام المجهر الضوئي للكشف عن الاطوار المتغذية وال | The present study includes the examination of stool sample of patients attended pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city for period from 1st of December till 17th July 2011 for detection of Entamoeba histolytica.The stool samples were examined by direct wet mount method, using light microscope for detection of trophozoites and cysts stages of parasite. The study showed that the rate of infection with E. histolytica / E. dispar was 21.67% (130 of 600). The cystic stages were dominant in infected stool samples which being 53.85% (70 of 130), while the trophozoite stage was 15.38 % (20 of 130). The epidemiological survey based on direct stool examination showed the rate of infection among females was 23.07% (60 of 260) in comparison with males 20.59% (70 of 340). The highest rate of infection was among the age group 1 - 5 years 25.5% (69 of 270). The highest rate was also in children of illiterate parents 26.1% (68 of 260). The biochemical tests were carried out to estimate serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde (MDA) and selenium. The study showed that the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde increased in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls, while the study showed decreased selenium concentration in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was done to estimate serum IgG level for Entamoeba histolytica, the rate of seropositivity for IgG was 21.68% (18 of 83). The rate of IgG in positive sample was 17.73% (7 of 41) while in negative sample was 26.19% (11 of 42).

عزل وتشخيص بعض انواع الجراثيم المسببة لالتهابات الزائدة الدودية في مدينة تكريت == Isolation And Identification of Some Baceterial Speices Which Caused Appendices Infections In Tikrit City

Author name: عبد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
Supervisor name: اميرة محمود محمد الراوي | علي صالح حسين الجبوري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة جمع 75 عينة من الزائدة الدودية (Appendices) مباشرة بعد استئصالها من المرضى الراقدين في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومن كلا الجنسين، الذين خضعوا لعملية استئصالها وللمدة من اب عام 2008 ولغاية نيسان 2009. عزلت الجراثيم من العينات باستخدام الاوساط الز

تاثير اضافة عناصر الكالسيوم والمغنيسيوم والحديد الى الوسط الغذائي في حياتية خنفساء الطحين الصدئية Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Tenebrionidaci) Coleoptera : ) == Effect of Calcium, Magnisium And Iron Elements With Various Nutreint Sources On Biology of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) Tenebrionidaci) Coleoptera : )

Author name: حوراء ياسين احمد عبد
Supervisor name: برهان مصطفى محمد الدليمي | عواد شعبان داود الناصري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تناولت الدراسة اختبار تاثير اضافة ثلاثة عناصرمعدنية الكالسيوم (Ca) المغنيسيوم (Mg) الحديد (Fe) في سطين غذائيين (الطحين والجريش) لصنفين من الحنطة (ابو غريب والعز) في حياتية خنفساء الطحين الصدئية الحمراء Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). اذ استخدمت العناصر بترا | This study includes testing the effect of addition of three elements (Ca, Mg, Fe) in flour and crushed partially debranned wheat for two kinds of wheat : Abu - ghareeb and Al - is in the life of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).using the elements under different concentrations (0.01 - 0.03 - 0.05) g.to know their effects in Tribolium inculuding : (the number of eggs, period of incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation) after adding to nutreint base for the two kinds of wheat.This experiement must be in dark incubation at 35±2°C & relative humidity 75±5% during one generation the result show most important role of nutreint element in life of insect (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation). on side of period incubation eggs period generation there is not any mentioned effect and the most meaningful one is in kind of Al - Is comperad with Abu - ghareeb. It is noticed the maxi effect for Calisum element.It achieved the highest level in : (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvae, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation) to ratio of flour kind of Al - Is and achieved maxi number : (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation)in concentration (0.05)g.while the highest in ratio of generation agents in (Fluorine)element ratio(76.2) under concentration (0.03)g, it achieved the less ratio in the dead insect kind of Abu - ghareeb7s the highest in average number eggs, number of larvers for calisum element.while the highest value in average number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation to (Magnasium) element it is achieved the highest in number of eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, in concentration (0.05)g and the higher of average ratio new generation is (66) and the higher ratio new generation (79.3) is concentarte (0.03)g.It is noticed the relationship between nutreint element and life of insect is parallel, that is, concentrates increased, number of growing also increased except (Fluorine) element the relation is inversion. on side of crushed partially debranned wheat the effect is more meaningful in kind of Abu - ghareeb than in Al - Iz.Calicum element shows acceptable results, it appeared the higher in : (the number eggs, , number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect) in Abu - ghareeb and new generation in Al - Iz. In the test of the effect of nutreint element agents in life of this insect according to the nutril base for both kinds.the result show that nutrient base of flour is more effective than the nutrient base crushed bartially debranned whaet in all steps of insect life for both kindc in flour maxi In flour maxi number in new generation about (62.5)g and the main ratio of new generation in crushed partially debranned wheat (36.3) for Abu - ghareeb kind (6.7)in flour. (61.1) crushed partially debranned wheat For Al - Is which shown the same features of the results of the effect in nutrient base without adding any elements to its life of insect

تاثير استخدام عقار الكلوميفين ستريت والقهوة العربية وفيتامين E على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في الارانب البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين == Effect of Clomiphene Citrate, Coffea Arabica And Vitamin E Use On Some Biochemical, Physiological And Histological Parameters In Albino Rabbits Exposed To Oxidative Stress Induced By Hydrogen Peroxidase

Author name: اسماء خالد مطني محمد
Supervisor name: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار فعالية عقار الكلوميفين ستريت Clomiphene citrate والتحري عن تاثيراته في نسيج الرحم والخصى وكذلك الهرمونات الجنسية والتكاثرية Follicular Stimulating Hormone(FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) , Prolactin, Estrogen, Testosterone, Progest | This study includes the effect of clomiphene citrate drug in uterus and testes tissue and sex, reproduction hormone (Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Prolactin (PRL), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and in Some Biochemical and Physiological Parameters as : WBCs counts, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), High density lipoproteins - cholesterol (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoproteins - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Total protein, albumin, globulin, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in males and females Albino rabbits sera which have oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) for (20) days, compare with the control rabbits.The study involud : - comparison the effects of vitamin E effects and (100mg\kg) body weight of arabica coffea.The animals distributed and randomly divided to(8) groups (each group included 8 rabbits : 4 males+ 4 females) as follow : control group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate (c.c.) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate group, (500mg\kg of B.W) vitamin E+(10mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate, (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group and (10mg\kg of B.W)(c.c.) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group. The results revealed : - 1 - The treatment of males and females of Animal by clomiphene citrate (2 and 4 mg\kg of B.W) cased significant increase at leve (P? 0.05) in concentration of the FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormone, and Glucose, Triglycerides, Globulin, LDL - C, VLDL - C and Glutathione in both male and female compare with the control group, while the same treatment caused increase the concentrations of Testosterone and Prolactin for males, whereas in females the treatment showed increase in Testosterone and Prolactin concentrations Compare with the control. Also the treatment caused decrease Albumin concentration in male and no significant (P? 0.05) changes had been showed in the female s. Respect to total protein, WBCs count there were no significant variation (P?0.05) had been recorded for both sexes compare with the control group. So the result showed Significant increase (P? 0.05) in HDL - C in male only compare with the control group. 2 - The induced oxidative stress caused significant increase at level (P?0.05) WBCs count, Glucose, Total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL - C, LDL - C, MDA concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group.While there were no significant variation had been recorded in Albumin and Prolactin concentrations in Females and total protein concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group in another hand there were significant increase (P<0.05) in concentrations of HDL - C, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Glutathione, Progesterone, Testosterone, Estrogen, FSH, and LH of male compare with the control group.3 - The treatment of Rabbits (male and female) with (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea revealed significant decrease (p ?0.05) in concentration of FSH, LH, estrogen, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL - C for both sexes, and PRL, testosterone , glutathione and albumen in concentrations for male compared with the control group while there treatment. 4 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E caused significant decrease in concentration of FSH, estrogen, total cholesterol, Triglycerides and Globulin for both sexes, compared with the control group, Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations LH, PRL, testosterone in male, and caused a significant decrease in concentration HDL - C in female. Whereas caused also significant increase in concentration of the glucose, MDA, glutathione and the total number of white blood cells for about sexes, and caused also significant increase in concentration of the hormones PLR, testosterone in female only. Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations of HDL - C, LDL - C and VLDL - C in male, whereas no significant variation in concentration of total protein, albumin for both sexes, and in concentration of LDL - C and VLDL - C in female compared with the control group.5 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E, clomiphene citrate, Arabica coffea and H2O2 (0.5%) showed important histological changes in testes and uterus compared with the control group. Treatment males by clomiphene citrate caused significant increase (P<0.05) in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and Spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused significant increase in granular cells, hypertrophy smooth muscular and increase cytoplasm size compared with the control group.6 - Treatment by high dose vitamin E and Arabica coffea caused damage in somniferous tubules decrease in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused effected uterus gland and loss of normal form and the incident of degeneration, necrosis in the surrounding cells and decrease in vassals blood compared with the control group.The present study showing that to drug clomiphene citrate play an important role to activation the oogenesis and spermatogenesis through stimulating gonadotrophic Hormones(FSH, LH). Also the study showed the role of coffea arabica to induce the infertility through it's impact on the thyroid gland which responsible for the oogenesis and spermatogenesis.the result also showed that the high dose vitamin E working on the accumulation of free radical causing oxidative stress damaging body.

التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B باستخدام تقنيات ELISA وReal Time PCR في دم ولعاب المرضى في محافظة الانبار == Detection of Hepatitis B Virus By Using Elisa And Real Time PCR Techniques In Patients' Blood And Saliva In Al - Anbar Governorate

Author name: ثائر عبد الله حسن الدليمي
Supervisor name: امين سليمان بدوي الجنابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Biotechnologies
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة في كلية التربية وفي مختبرات مستشفى الرمادي التعليمي العام ومستشفى الرمادي للنسائية والاطفال ومختبرات النظائر المشعة في بغداد للفترة من 1/11/2011 ولغاية 1/5/2012 والتي تضمنت التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B في | The present study has been carried out at the laboratories of the department of biology at the college of Education and the laboratories of the public - teaching Al - Ramadi hospital and Al - Ramadi hospital for women and children and laboratories of Al - Nathaer Al - Mushe'ah in Baghdad for the period from 1/11/2011 to 1/5/2012. The study consisted of the investigation about Hepatitis B virus in the saliva as compared with serum by using the ELISA and Real Time PCR techniques as well as the detection about antigens and antibody to this virus in serum. It also seeks about the liver functions enzymes and evaluating the extent of its importance for diagnosing liver disease resulted that virus. However, the obtained results showed that HBsAg antigen was found in 99.4% and (1.101± 0.335) mean ±SD in serum as compared with 48.6% in saliva with a (0.330±0.278) mean ±SD, that gave a noticeable increase when comparing it with the control group which was (0.0039± 0.0024) and (0.0017±0.0014 ) for serum and saliva respectively. The value of T test for serum and control group was (16.25) , while the value of T test for saliva and control group was (4.18). The proportion of correlation between saliva and serum in ELISA test was equal to (0.361) with high significance of test while the value of T test for them was (28.902) with high significance of test. The results have also stated that the age groups involved in the experiment contributed as being high proportion of infection in the serum, but in the saliva, these proportions were different and it has been found that the high proportion of infection was 53.3% in the group (10 - 20) yrs., While the lowest proportion was 38.4% in the (31 - 40) yrs. Moreover, it has been concluded that the number of males exceeded the number of females, but the number of females was the most infected with HBsAg in the experiment group. However, the total number of males was 91, It was found that 90 males have positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion equals 98.9% whiles 42 males have a positive test to the HBsAg in saliva with a proportion equals 46.1%. on contrary, the number of female was 84 female and all of them had a positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion 100% and 43 females have a positive test to the HBsAg in the saliva with 51.1 % as compared with control group which included 15 males and 10 female. All of them were negative to the HBsAg test in serum and saliva... The levels of HBV DNA were determined in the samples of positive saliva to ELISA test by using Real Time PCR. 95% from tested serum samples were positive to the viral load While in saliva 50% from the samples was HBV DNA positive. The results also showed that soluble antigen HBeAg has been detected in 24 patients with 13.7% from a total 175 patient as compared with the control group that showed a negative result to this antigen. As for the antibodies, it has been found that anti - HBc IgM was found in only 5 patients with 2.5% while anti - HBc IgG was found in 170 patients with 97.2% from the total number of patients. The control group revealed negative result for these two antibodies. The anti - HBeAg was in 150 patients with 85.7% from the total number of patients. There were no positive patients to this antibody in control group. The anti - HBs wasn’t found in any patient but it was found in the half of control group. This emphasizes to immunize against HBV in those members. The results also exposed that there was a noticeable increase in liver enzymes that it was found that ALT the elevated levels of were found in 76% of patients. As compared with the control group which has normal values 100%. As for AST enzyme was elevated in 60.6%, As compared with the control group which was normal 100%.It has been observed that ALP enzyme was elevated with a 38.4% in the experiment patients as compared with the control group which was normal 100%. Finally, the total values of TSB was elevated in 35.5%, As compared with control group which was normal 100% with (0.52±0.19). Nevertheless, it has been noticed that it cannot be judged about the person's blood on the basis that it is healthy in case of absence of surface antigen unless it is certain that his/her blood is free from HBV DNA by using the technique of Real Time PCR - since many patients who heal from past infection or their infection in a time of passive and amounts of HBV DNA can't be diagnosed by using the ELISA technique

اثر بعض المستخلصات النباتية في سمية مبيد الديازينون ضد يرقات وكاملات خنفساء الطحين الصدئية الحمراء Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) == The Effect of Some of Extracts of The Plants With Disinfectant Against The Larva And Pillars of Red Flour Beetles Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst)

Author name: توركان احمد حمد حسن
Supervisor name: برهان مصطفى محمد الدليمي | عواد شعبان داود الناصري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت الدراسة الحالية على دراسة التاثير السمي للمستخلص الايثانولي والمائي لثلاثة نباتات وهي : الزعتر Thymus vugarisوالشيح Artemisia herba alba والنعناع البستاني mentha piperita اذ استخدمت مستخلصات الاوراق لكل نبات واختبرت سبعة تراكيز لكل مستخلص (10000,

دراسة وبائية وسريرية لمرض الجيارديا Giardiasis في اطفال مدينة الشرقاط وضواحيها == Parasitic Study of Giardiasise Among Children In Sharqat City

Author name: علي حمد طلال موسى الجبوري
Supervisor name: حسين ساهر اسود العبيدي | عبد الله حسين عبد الله الجبوري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة لبيان تاثير طفيلي الجيارديا المعوي على صحة الاطفال في قضاء الشرقاط لـ(250) طفل، تم اختيارهم بصورة عشوائية، اذ تراوحت اعمارهم من شهر - 15 سنة وللمدة ما بين شهر تشرين الاول 2006 لغاية شهر تشرين الاول 2007، تم فحص عينات الغائط من كل طفل بال

تشخيص المسببات البكتيرية والفايروسية لخمج الاغشية السحائية في مدينة الموصل == Detection of Bacterial And Viral Causes of Meningitis In Mosul

Author name: قاسم مصطفى خالد
Supervisor name: علي صالح حسين الجبوري | اميرة محمود محمد الراوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة اجراء عدد من الاختبارات العيانية والكيميائية على عينات سائل النخاع الشوكي (CSF) cerebrospinal fluid البالغة 152 عينة والتي جمعت من الاطفال الراقدين في مستشفى الخنساء التعليمي ومستشفى ابن الاثير التعليمي في مدينة الموصل لحديثي الولادة لغاية 1 | This study includes performing of macroscopical and chemical and Microbial tests on 152 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from hospitalized children in Al - khansaa and Ibn - Al - Atheer teaching hospitals in Mosul city with ages ranged from newbornn to 12 years old. Suspected to be infected with meningitis during the interval from August 2009 till April 2010.The results showed that 46.1% of samples were normal with respect to colour and appearance as well as variations in the levels of the three variables including glucose, protein and total cell count with differential cells in the studied samples.The study also included isolation and identification of gram positive and negative bacteria, morphological, cultural and biochemical tests and API were done depending on identification of the isolated bacteria.Many types of isolated gram positive bacteria belonged to the two genera staphylococcus and streptococcus; the results revealed that S.aureus was the more predominant within gram positive causes. Well as many types of gram negative bacteria were isolated represented with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Acinetobacter spp. E.coli and Neisseria meningitidis with different percentages with dominance of K.pneumonia and H.influenzae.The study also included screening of some viral causes of meningitis from (35) CSF samples which gave negative culture results by using qualitative Enzyme immunoassays technique using Minividas apparatus.The results showed positive results with 14.2% for two types of virus including Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Cytomegalo virus (CMV).The study indicated that males were more compared with Females with 55.9% and 44.1% to males and females respectively and highest infection rate occurred in 1 day - 2 years old.Statistical analysis showed the presence of significant correlation between sex, age and the three varieties glucose, protein and total cell count the results showed there is no significant differences between the studied factors.The study also includes sensitivity for some antibiotics, the results showed that gram positive bacteria were the more sensitive to Vancomycin and Cefatriaxone as well as Clindamycin while gram negative bacteria showed sensitivity and resistance percentages of bacteria in general were varied to other antibiotics under study.

دراسة نسجية فسلجية لتاثيرات خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لنبات ورد لسان الثور في فعالية الغدة الدرقية في ذكور الارانب البيض == Histological And Physiological Study On The Effects of Uranyl Acetate And Aqueous Extract of Borogo Officinalis On The Activity of Thyroid Gland In Albino Rabbits

Author name: علا صالح علي الجميلي
Supervisor name: كوكب سليم نجم القيسي | منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة، للتعرف على تاثير خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لورد لسان الثور Borago officinalis (Borage) معا وكلا على انفراد في ما ياتي : - 1 التركيب النسجي للغدة الدرقية. - 2 مستوى هرمون T3و T4وTSH. - 3 معايير الدم (التعداد الكلي لخلايا الدم ال | The aim of this study was to determined the effects of uranyl acetate and aqueous extract of Borago officinalis(Borage) alone or when they are given toghther the following : 1 - The histological structures of the thyroid gland.2 - Serum concentration T4, T3, TSH Hormones.3 - The blood parameters (WBC, PCV, Hb, Platelet and ESR). A total 30 mature males(Albino Rabbit) were used in this study, and their weights were recorded before and after the experiment. Animals were divided into five groups and administrated by using oro - gastric tube and included these following groups : 1 - (G1) which was given drinking water and considered as control group. 2 - (G2) group treated with uranyl acetate which was given orally only (50mg/kg body weight) for one month.3 - Group G3 which was treated with uranyl acetate with the same concentration used in (G2), then just after one hour they were post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage (adose of 5 ml concentration 10%).4 - (G4) group of animals treated with aqueous extract of Borage and adose of 5 ml concentration 10%.5 - (G5)which was pre - treated with uranyl acetate with concentration similar to the dose in (G2) for after one month, then post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage at a dose 5 ml concentration of 10%.At the end of the experiments (one month) blood sample was drawn by heart puncture and then ansethized by using ether, animal were killed and thyroid gland prepare for histological study. The following results were recorded : 1 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the mean of animals weight (G2, G3, G5) while there are no significant differences in the (G4)as compared with G1.2 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of (Hb, PCV) of group G2 where as group G3 showed no significant difference.While group G4 and G5 showed decreased as compared with G1.3 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of WBC in (G2, G3 and G5) while G4 showed no significant difference as compared G1.4 - A significant increment (p<0, 05) in the (G2, G4 and G5) while G3 there are no significant difference as compared G1.5 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of platelet in (G2, G3and G4) while there are no significant differences as compared with G1.6 - A significant increment (p<0.05)T4 hormone level, in the (G2, G4) while G5 showed a significant decreased where as G3 showed no significant difference as compared with G1.7 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the T3 hormone level in the (G2, G4 and G5) while there are no significant differences in the G3 in comparison with G1.8 - A significant decrement (p<0.05)in TSH hormone level in the G2 while no significant changes in the (G3, G4) and a significant increment in the G5 in comparison with G1. Histological results of thyroid gland 1 - A degenerative changes were observed in the epithelial tissues of thyroid gland in the (G2) due to direct effect of uranyl acetate and loss of cell style aggregation in addition to infiltration with inflammatory cells, with loss of depletion of colloid from thyroid follicles.2 - G3 showed normal thyroid cells and thyroid follicles filled with colloid fluid as compared with control group.3 - The result of histology examination of thyroid of group have shown presence of some follicles that contain colloid while ether lack theis colloid.4 - Characterized thyroid follicles cells (G5) lining simple cuboidal tissue but it contains more than one row of cells, suggesting a hyperplasia, but these effects are less negative compared with (G2).From this study we can concluded that uranyl acetate have negative effect on thyroid cells and the chemical substance of aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis inhibit the negative impact of uranyl acetate on thyroid cells in awide aspects of this study, and the aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis have high effect in regulation of thyroid function

دراسة عدد من المعايير الكيموحيوية والاجهاد التاكسدي لدى المرضى المصابين ببعض امراض القلب == The Study of Some of Biochemical Criteria And Oxidative Stress In Patients With Certain Heart Diseases

Author name: منى احمـد لفتة النيسانـي
Supervisor name: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | موسى جاسم محمد الحميش
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي لدى المرضى المصابين ببعض امراض القلب عن طريق اجراء بعض الاختبارات والقياسات كالنسبة المئوية لحجم كريات الدم المرصوصة (PCV) وتركيز خضاب الدم (Hb)، وبعض الانزيمات مثل : تركيز انزيم ناقل امين الاسبارتيت (AST | The current study was designed to determine the effect of oxidative stress in patients with the certain heart diseases through some tests and measurements as the Packed Cells Volume Percentage (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and some enzymes as : the Concentration of Enzyme Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Creatine Phospho Kinase (CPK), Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Lactate Dehydrogenase For Heart Muscle, and some of antioxidants and oxidation factors as : Glutathione (GSH), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) respectively, and lipid profile that include : the Concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (HDL - C), Low Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (LDL - C), and Very Low Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (VLDL - C), and some other biochemical criteria as : the Concentration of Glucose, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, Urea, and Creatinine. It was chosen (95) blood sample back to the (80 patients and 15 healthy people), the samples were divided into four groups : The first group : included patients with Myocardial Infarction and they was (40) patients (males and females), age ranged between (35 - 89) years old.The second group : included patients with Angina Pectoris and they was (20) patients (males and females), age ranged between (32 - 85) years old.The third group : included patients with Heart Failure and they was (20) patients (males and females), age ranged between (39 - 89) years old.The control group : included (15) people (males and females), age ranged between (30 - 57) years old. The current study showed the following results : A. A significant decrease in the level (p <0.05) in : 1 - The Packed Cells Volume Percentage (PCV) and the concentration of Hemoglobin (Hb) in the heart failure group within the group of (males+females) and females gender.2 - Concentration of Glutathione (GSH) in the three pathological groups within the groups of males and females and (males+females) and age groups (60 years old and above).3 - Concentration of (HDL - C) in the three pathological groups for males and (males+females).4 - Concentration of Total protein in the myocardial infarction group for males and in the heart failure group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females) and smokers.5 - Concentration of Albumin in the myocardial infarction and heart failure groups for males and (males+females).6 - Concentration of Globulin in the heart failure group for females and (males+females).B. A Significant increase in the level (p <0.05) in : 1 - Concentration of Enzyme Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) in the angina pectoris group for males and the heart failure group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.2 - Concentration of Enzyme Creatine Phospho Kinase (CPK) in patients with myocardial infarction for males and female and (males+females), males gender, age group (80 - 89 years old), people with high blood pressure, diabetes and smokers.3 - Concentration of Enzyme Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Lactate Dehydrogenase For Heart Muscle in the myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females), males gender, age group (50 - 59 years old), diabetes and smokers.4 - Concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the heart failure group for males and females and (males+females) and females gender.5 - Concentration of Total Cholesterol in a group of angina pectoris for males and females and (males+females).6 - Concentration of Triglycerides (TG) in the myocardial infarction group for females and (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.7 - Concentration of (VLDL - C) in the myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.8 - Concentration of (LDL - C) in the angina pectoris and heart failure groups for males and females and (males+females).9 - Concentration of Glucose in the heart failure group for males and myocardial infarction group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females), males gender, age groups (50 - 79 years old), diabetes and smokers.10 - Concentration of Urea in the myocardial infarction and heart failure groups for males and females and (males+females) and age groups (from 60 - 79 years old).11 - Concentration of Creatinine in a myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females) and age group (70 - 79 years old).

دور الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus والجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus في وبائية بعض الامراض الطفيلية من اوالي الدم والانسجة في مدينة تكريت وضواحيها == The Role of Mus Musculus And Rattus Norvegicus In The Epidemiology of Some Blood And Tissues Parasite Diseases of Protozoa In Tikrit City And It'S Districts

Author name: شيلان قادر صادق الصالحي
Supervisor name: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة في مناطق وبعض اقضية محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة من كانون الاول 2006 الى الفترة تشرين الثاني 2007، وتم فحص 200 نموذجا من الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus و50 نموذجا من الجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus جمعت من ثماني مناطق وهي حي شيشين وحي الجمعية | The study was carried out in various regions of Selah El - Deen from the period 12 - 2006 to 11 - 2007. In this research a total of two hundred Mus musculs and fifty Rattus norvegicus from eight regions of Selah El - Deen area, namely, Sheshen area, Al - Jamiea area, Al - Sikak area, Al - Kadisea, Al - Alban Factory, Al - Dor, Samara and Al - Alam were investigated. The examination results of the brain, liver, spleen and blood smears of each rodent were showed 4 species of parasitic protozoa : 1. Toxoplasma gondii : This species found in Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).2. Leishmania spp. : This species found in Rattus norvegicus only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).3. Eperythrozoon coccoides : This species found in the blood of Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (1.5%).4. Encephalitozoon cuniculi : This species found in Mus musculs with the percentage of infection (3.0%), and in Rattus norvegicus with the percentage of infection (4.0%).The percentage of infection in Mus musculs was (6.5%) but the percentage of infection in Rattus norvegicus was (6.0%).Encephalitozoon cuniculi appeared in a high percentage of infection in both Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus.The experimental results of heart and lungs tissues for all rodents studied was negative. The statistic results showed no significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Mus musculus.There were no significant difference in percentage of infection between collection area of Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between collection regions of Mus musculus.The seasons of year had no significant difference on the percentage of infection with Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between the seasons of year in Mus musculus.Rodents sex showed no significant difference in percentage of infection in Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus

دراسة تاثير مستخلصات القرفة (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) والسماق (Rhus coriaria) في التثبيط المايكروبي وبعض المعايير الحيوية في ذكور الجرذان == Study The Effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) And Sumac (Rhus Coriaria) Extracts On Microbial Inhibition And Some Biological Parameters In Rats Male

Author name: فراس عدنان حسين الزيدي
Supervisor name: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: صممت الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة / كلية التربية وقسم علوم الاغذية / كلية الزراعة في جامعة تكريت, اذ تضمنت الدراسة التعرف على المواد الفعالة في المستخلصات المائية والكحولية في كل من قلف القرفة وبذور السماق واختبار فعاليتها التثبيطية عند تركيز 10, 25 | This study was conducted in Biology department laboratory / Education college and Food science department in Agriculture college in Tikrit University. the study was conducted to investigated to the aquaies and alcoholic activities extracts from each Cinnamon bark and sumac seeds and assay of inhibition activity concentration at 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/wells against gram positive and negative bacteria and phagocytosis Immunity level after injection by E.coli type, further more to study the effect it in some physiological parameters in male rats after oral administration for 8 days by 50 and 100 mg/kg from rats body weight from each aquais and alcoholic extracts. The results was illustrated the aquaies and alcoholic extracts from each Cinnamon bark and sumac seeds were contains the active groups from compound such as Tannins, Resins, Phenols, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Coumarins. while the effects was found the aquaies extracts a high significantly effects (p < 0.05) from alcoholic by inhibition ability when assay. The Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) from each ones which mass 50 and 125 mg/ml from culture media to inhibition concentration by E.coli and S.pyogen cinnamon bark aquaies extract. it was 75 and 100 mg/ml from culture media to inhibition concentration by E.coli and S.pyogen from alcohol extracting its inhibiting efficiency throw the measure of the diameter of the inhibiting area that has shown that the gratest effect was E.coli bacteria which its diameter of inhibiting area 17 mm and when the concentration is 100 mg/wells from the alcoholic and aquaies extracting and the less effect is S.pyogen and S.aeruginosa in case of the extraction from cinnamon bark it was 17 mm the diameter of inhibiting area of E.coli bacteria. when the concentration 100 mg/wells from aquaies extracting from sumac. whether with alcohol extraction, the bacterial type were similar in their sensitivity in diameter of inhibiting from 18 to 20 mm but the oral administration of the extract on the level of phagocytosis process through the injection of rats in affixed number from E.coli bacteria. The result was illustrated the type of concentration from each cinnamon bark and sumac seeds such as aquaies and alcoholic was caused an increase in the phagocytosis process through the significantly decrease in the number of bacteria with increase of the concentration from the groups that oral administration from extraction that there number wear (zero) on the concentration 100 mg/kg from rats body weight when the time is 120 minute which was equal with effincy of the ciprofloxacin antibiotic on the concentration 5 mg/kg from rats body weight. The result also showed the effect of oral administration from the extraction of cinnamon bark and sumac seeds such as aquaies and alcoholic, that significantly caused the decreased in the concentration of the hemoglobin and Total count red blood cells and the packed cell volume on the concentration 100 mg/kg from the weight but the measures have not significantly changed the parameters MCV, MCH, MCHC with increase of concentration from extraction compared with the group of controlling. The white blood cells also decreased in the significantly aquaeis and alcoholic extracting from the cinnamon bark it was 6.8 × 103/mm3 on the oral administration of the rats from the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the aquaeis extracting, and 6.8 × 103/mm3 on the oral administration of the rats from the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the alcoholic extracting, That numbers have not affected during the oral administration from the extractions of sumac only on the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the alcohol extracting which was 5.6 × 103/mm3 the increase was in the ratio of the number of the neutrophils in the whole extraction alcoholic and aquaies for the both of plants. While the effect of oral administration from the extraction in the lipids profiles was clear in the decrease significantly in the concentration of the glucose and albumin and Urea and uric acid and creatinine and triglyceride and, cholesterol, and the low density lipoproteins (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), significant increasing in globulin and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in aquaies and alcoholic extraction of sumac seeds while the value of Total protein and HDL is not significantly differtited in aquaies and alcoholic extraction moreover oral administration of the both of plants. The enzyme activity value was included significantly decreased of the Alkaline phosphtase activity value with the increased orally administration from aquaies and alcoholic extracts from both of plants, while increased significantly Aspartames amenotransferase (AST) activity value in all cinnamon extracts while was significantly decreased when administrate from sumac seeds extract, But don’t significantly differ Alanine amenotransferase (ALT) activity value in all concentration from aquaies and alcoholic extracts from both of plants.

دراسة التاثير المثبط لبعض انواع بكتريا حامض اللاكتيك ضد بعض انواع الفطريات الممرضة والمنتجة للسموم == Study The Inhibition Effect of Some Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Some Pathogenic And Toxins Producing Fungi Types

Author name: لؤي برهان مصطفى محمد
Supervisor name: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة في كلية التربية بهدف عزل وتشخيص بعض انواع بكتريا حامض اللاكتيك ومحاولة اختبار قابلية خلاياها او النواتج الايضية منها وكذلك دراسة تاثير المستويات المختلفة من درجة الحرارة والاس الهيدروجيني في القابليـة التثبيطية لب | This work aimed to investigate the effects of some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species (cells or their metabolic products) at different temperatures and pH levels on some soil pathogenic or toxin produced fungi species. Six LAB isolates and the identification was depended on the morphological and cultural characterized and biochemical testes, the isolates were determined as Lactobacillus delubricii subsp. delubricii, Lactobacillus delubricii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobcillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Leuconostoc mesentroides and Streptococcus thermophilus, and four fungal species Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus stolinfer were identified. In this study the highest inhibition effect against the above mentioned fungi was shown by L. acidophilus as a significant (P< 0.05) efficacy where the diameter of inhibition zone in case of M. canis, T. mentagrophytes, A. fumigtus and R. stolonifer was 26, 32, 30 and 28 mm respectively. Less inhibition activity was exhibited by Leu. mesentroides and Str. thermophilus while the lowest inhibition was shown by L. delubricii. Results showed also that the temperature optimal for the growth of bacterial species (except L. casei and Str. thermophilus) tested and their inhibition activity was 30 °C. However, temperature of 35 °C was the optimal for the highest inhibitory effect of both L. casei and Str. thermophilus. At 25 °C of studied bacterial species showed decreased inhibitory effect against the tested fungi. Concerning the pH, the present study showed that the highest inhibitory of all tested bacteria species (except L. acidophilus) was at pH 6.5, L. acidophilus showed such activity at pH 5.5. This study revealed that the inhibitory effect of metabolites produced mixture of the tested bacterial species was directly proportional with its concentrate. Where this mixture was used at media concentration of 10, 20 and 40 mg/ml cultural. However, metabolic products from L. acidophilus, Leu. mesentroides and Str. thermophilus was the most effective in inhibition activity compared with the rest of the bacteria species used particularly at 40 mg/ml cultural media

دراسة بكتريولوجية لبيئة بعض كهوف شمال العراق والتحري عن الدور الجرثومي فيها == A Bacteriological Study On Some North Iraqi Caves Environment And Detection On The Bacterial Role In It

Author name: امنة غانم عمر العاني
Supervisor name: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي | اميرة محمود محمد الراوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة اجراء عدد من الفحوصات البيئية والبكتريولوجية على عينات الصخور ومياه النضح البالغ عددها 100 عينة والماخوذة من بعض كهوف المنطقة الشمالية في العراق التي شملت بهيري, شرانش, خنس, بجيل وانشكي للفترة ما بين تشرين الثاني - 2010 لغاية نيسان - 2011.ت | This study was included some of ecological and bacteriological tests on rocks and dripping water samples which were included 100 samples taken from some of north region caves in Iraq including Beherii, Sharanish, Khanas, Bejeel and Inishky from the period between November - 2010 to April - 2011.The results of ecological tests which represented with cave environment temperature were ranged from (13 - 24)?C and dripping water temperature were ranged from (11 - 20)?C while the results of pH values for the same sample shows simple variation between (7 - 8) for dripping water and (6 - 9) for the rocks samples. The results of geological screening and mineralization by using X - Ray Fluorescence and X - Ray - Diffraction showed that Beherii cave was mainly composed of manganese with 102 ppm comparing with other caves. While the concentration of iron and sulfur oxides were very low for all caves. The rocks of Beherii and Khanas caves were mainly composed of Dolomite (CaMg (CO3)2), Sharanish cave was composed of Calcite (CaCO3) and Dolomite with the closed ratio, while the rocks of Bejeel and Inishky were composed mainly of Calcite. The isolated bacteria in this study were identified according to cultural and morphological characteristics and biochemical tests, while the bacillus species were identified by using Microgen Bacillus Id System. Twenty two bacterial isolates were identified from total samples. There were nine (9)identified isolates from Beherii cave with 40.9% including Arthrobacter spp., Lysobacter spp., Caulobacter spp., Bacillus freudenreichii and Bacillus subtilis in with 4.5% for each isolate, while there was 18.1% of Methanogenic bacteria with its four genuses including Methanobacterium spp., Methanobrevibacter spp. Methanospirillium spp. and Methanosata spp. In Sharanish cave there was one isolate of sulfur oxidizing bacteria with 4.5 % from the total isolates. Three isolates were identified from Khanas cave included Pseudomonas spp., Xanthobacter spp., Clostridium spp. with 4.5% for each isolate. In addition, it was obtained from a cave Bejeel on six isolates included Bacillus lichiniformis, Bacillus lentus and 2 isolates of Bacillus cereus group, Streptomyces spp. and Gallionella spp. with 4.5% for each isolate and Merismopedia spp., Myxococcus Xanthus, Clostridium spp. were Isolated from Inishky cave with 4.5%for each isolate. The relation between some of bacterial species were studied by detection of the lytic ability of Lysobacter spp. and Myxococcus xanthus for Arthrobacter spp.The microbial role in caves were studied by detection of the ability of some isolated bacteria in Calcium Carbonate (calcite) formation and estimatation of calcite production, Xanthobacter spp. was the highest productive bacteria which gives0.2073 gram during 14 days comparing with other bacterial species.In addition, the effect of temperature and pH on calcite formation by Bacillus freudenreichii were studied, the results showed variation on calcite shape in 20?C and 30?C while the highest value of calcite production in pH.8 was 0.1336 gram comparing with pH.9 with 0.0190 calcite gram. The study also detected the ability of some isolated bacteria to oxidize of iron, manganese and sulfur, where Streptomyces spp. Gallionella spp. and one isolate of bacillus cereus group have shown the ability of oxidize iron on leptothrix medium while Bacillus freudenreichii, Bacillus lichinformis, Bacillus lentus, one isolate of Bacillus cereus group and Streptomyces spp. have shown the ability to the oxidize of manganese on Krumbein and Altmann Agar Medium. In addition, sulfur oxidizing bacteria has shown ability to oxidize sulfur on M.S. Agar and produce sulfuric acid as a product of the oxidation process.
1 ... 8 9 10 11 12 ... 36