البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

نتائج البحث: 25 من أصل 226

تاثير منهج تدريبي مقترح للسباق الخماسي في العاب القوى بمستوى الانجاز : بحث تجريبي على لاعبي منتخب تربية محافظة القادسية

اسم المؤلف: هشام هنداوي هويدي الجبوري

اسم المشرف: حمدان رحيم الكبيسي | حسين مردان عمر

الموضوع العام: الرياضة

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الرياضية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية الرياضية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير تدريب الدقة والقوة المميزة بالسرعة في تطوير بعض انواع التهديف بكرة السلة == The Effect of precise and the speedy Snength Exercises 0n The development of some Kinds of scoring in the basketball

اسم المؤلف: قصي فوزي خلف الموزاني

اسم المشرف: عبد الامير علوان عبود

الموضوع العام: الرياضة

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: كرة السلة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية الرياضية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

الدرس البلاغي في العراق في العصر الحديث

اسم المؤلف: عبد الحسن علي مهلهل السهلاني

اسم المشرف: قصي سالم علوان الجلبي

الموضوع العام: اللغة العربية وادابها

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

شعر الارجاني : دراسة فنية

اسم المؤلف: وداد يعقوب سلمان الحراك

اسم المشرف: قصي سالم علوان الجلبي

الموضوع العام: اللغة العربية وادابها

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الادب

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

علاقات ايران مع الكيان الصهيوني 1949 - 1969

اسم المؤلف: فرات عبد الحسن كاظم

اسم المشرف: فوزي خلف شويل

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Iran is a state lies at the east of the Arab homeland with long international sides. Where as the Zionist is a conquered state fixed in the hemi of the Arab homeland, which is represented by Palestine with force by the west. Beside , this state is being the more dangerous threatening the Arab countries and a wall upon this it's "east - west unity.From this point , the real dangerous relationship of Iran and the Zionist state appears , especially and after it's passing for an accurate lines which increase the Arab - Zionist conflict. The period ( 1949 - 1969 ) was chosen from the Iran - Zionist entity relationship subject for it sensivity with Palestine issue and the other sides of Arab - Zionist conflict.The study began in the year ( 1949) because this year represented the temp ls of the Zionists entity gain ,Iran government confession and this is ascertained during few months. i.e. a real relation between the tow states took place during lees than one year, exactly in 1950. From that time, an important stage of relation history began. The study is ended in the year 1969 because it represents an agitated stage of the history of that relation , after it becomes more confirmly , and reaches the participated alliance in so many other aspects. The stag that follows this period has it own special characteristics thatrequires an independent study , in which the united states appears as it get great benefits and so many entrances into the middle east after England announcement in 1968 to draw bake from the Arab gulf in 1971.The study consists of an introduction, prologue, three chapters, and the The prologue deals with the history roots of Jew's in Iran, and their bests and activities to penetrate in it's life aspects. The way that paned for Zionist institution to play a vital role in helping Zionists in 1948.The first chapter 'deals with the, Zionist entity to tempts get Iran admission in the period ( 1949 - 1953). So these tempest began in 1949 Le. a year after the' help of Zionist entity. The Zionists get this confession in 1950, on the basic of the event. We deal also with the reactions, and effects, in and out, and the illustration of the end of these relations in the period (1951 - 1953).The second chapter deals with relations of Iran and the Zionist entity since the coming of shah Mohammed Radha Bahlwi , and after the fall of Musaddiq government where Zionist activity appears and works with it ally on surrounding Arab - unity by the surrounded states like Iran , Turkey and Ethiopia, especially and after the rising of the Arab voice by Egypt - Syria unity , the held of united - Arab Republic , and the brooking out of 14 - July revolution in Iraq. The third chapter contains the development of relation between Iran and Zionist entity in the period (1960 - 1969) and the sides oflran announcement confession of Zionist entity in the year 1960, Beside the study of the development of that relations in many aspects. And Iran attitude towards June - 5 - 1967 war, and its effects on the relation of the two stales as well as Iran policy towards Zionists when British announces its intention to draw back with it forces from Arab - Gulf land in 1968. So this is really done with the coming of 1970. Finally, the Zionist's attitude by burning Al - Masjid Al - Aqsa and it re~ections on the relations of the to states.The end contains the most important conclusions which this study reaches.The most important conclusion are - Iran is the second Islamic - state after Turkey confesses Zionists entity on the base of the events of the year 1950. It is considered the first state in the Middle East makes various relations with the Zionists entity. - Iran is the vital source of oil for Zionists entity, hence they penetrated into the Iranian military - force and make closed relation with the major leader of pahlwi - system So, those leaders make so many visits to the Zionists entity. The Zionists were mediators in American equipments sale - processes for Iran , and they gate a lot of money from these processes. This money increased the Economical ability of there illegal state. Shah system proved that it is a good ally for Zionists entity as well as , It helps the Zionists entity with their aggression against Arab - unity by giving them oil and don't permit Arab's to use the oil as a weapon in the battle. The most closed relations between 'Shah system and the Zionist entity come after June war.

الملخص:

المصادر:

موقف الجمهورية الفرنسية الرابعة من القضية الفلسطينية 1945 - 1958 : دراسة تحليلية == The Attitude Of The French Fourth Republic Towards Palestinian Problem 1945 - 1958

اسم المؤلف: عماد مكلف عسل عبد البدران

اسم المشرف: فائق حاكم عيسى الغانم

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

الملخص:

المصادر:

التباين المكاني لخصائص سكان سلطنة عمان حسب تعداد 1993 : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == The Place Difference Of The Population'S Characteristics Of Sultanate Of Oman According To Census Of 1993 Analysis - Population Study

اسم المؤلف: حسين عليوي ناصر الزيادي

اسم المشرف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان

الموضوع العام: الجغرافية

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: It is clear that the population geography has got a remarkable position mong branches of human geography clue to the importance of population in perations of planning and development. There is an obvious shortage in the opulation studies concerning Sultmrnte of Onrnn because the first census in the ultanate took place in December 1993 and other one was in the end of 2003. ftcr the researcher had got the preliminary results of this census, he included it the subject of this study so as to make comparison and know the time velopment of this phenomenon so a time dimension had been added to this Udicd phenomenon.l : The study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter has discussed the puh1tion growth in the Sultanate since the beginning of the twentieth century t I 2003. This chapter is divided into five subjects. The second subject has s died the population growth of Omanis and non - Omanis. As for the third s bjcct, it has tackled the natural increase of population, birth rate and death r tc depending on modern statistics issued by the ministry of health and n 1tional economy in Sultanate of Oman. The fourth subject has studied the f. urc of population growth in the sultanate while the fifth subject has studied ti urban growth.The second chapter has studied immigration and its geographical traits. Jt 1s divided into three subjects. The first subject has tackled the coming 11 uigration, its sources and currents. As for the second subject has studied rnal immigration. The third subject has studied the traces of immigration. The third chapter , which is the biggest one, has studied the distribution a density of the population. lt is divided into three subjects. The first subject h studied the size and relative distribution of population on the level the S ltanate and nationality. The second subject has been allocated to study ncrs of the distribution and its kinds. Population concentrations in the S tanate have been studied in detail we have cnlrnnced thut by maps, diagrams an tables. The third subject of this chapter has showed the effecting factors inth population distribution.Due to the importance of population structure, this subject has been sh eel in the last chapter which was divided into six subjects such as agest cturc , sex - structure 111 economic - structure, religious - structure, educationalstr cture and marriage structure.The study has concluded many results , the most important of which is dis ·ibution of population in the Sultanate in addition to the disability and dif rcncc that prevailed the former population estimations of the year of census as ell as the increase of illiteracy in the Sultanate. · In addition to that the Omani worl•crs were in the marginal jobs while the inc ming workers increased in the productive jobs.

مشروع نهر العز : دراسة في جغرافية الموارد المائية == Al : Ezz Project River : A Study In Geography Of Water Resources

اسم المؤلف: حسن خليل حسن المحمود

اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس

الموضوع العام: الجغرافية

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

مركزية موقع البصرة وهامشيته في صيرورة التاريخ : دراسة في الجغرافية التاريخية == Centralitv Of Basrah Location And Its Maruinalitv In Historv Process A Study Of Historical Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن علي عبد الرحمن الجادر

اسم المشرف: ماهر يعقوب موسى

الموضوع العام: الجغرافية

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم دور نهر ام المعارك في تنمية الموارد المائية

اسم المؤلف: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي

اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس

الموضوع العام: الجغرافية

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Water is considered as a strategic resource for economic development.Thus , Um Al - Maark possesses considerable development of water resources in the lower Euphrates basin. The river takes from the right bank of the Euphrates (10) kms downstream ofNasiriya with a total length of (108) kms. There are five canals branching from the right bank of the river each with a capacity of 25 cumers. The river controls 60 - 65 % (185) cumecs (5,82) bcm of the Euphrates discharge at Nasiriya ( 199) - 1998). Its water discharge is affected by seepage losses with (0.45 - 0.55 ) m3 I m1 I day and evaporation from the channel with (0.04) bcm, due to high average temperature (24.6) °C and very high soil permeability (15 - 43) m/d.Um Al - Maark plays a vital role in water resources conservation by controlling water distorted at the Marches and Arabian Gulf and directed to the western desert to irrigate (150000) ha. Furthermore, the river maintains the Euphrates and Shatt Al - Arab water quality by limiting the Marshes polluted wat : - r with an EC value (6) mmhos I cm which increased water 11 salinity of the river's at Qurna to ( 5.1) mmhos I cm during ( 1990 - 1992 ) COIDJ - 'dred to the previous salinity 0.96 ( 1967 - 1969). The water quality of the rivers has been decreased to (2.3) and (2.6) mmhos I cm ( 1995 - 2000) at Qurna and Maqil respectively, as a result of the implementation of Um Al - Maark, Saddam and Al - Ezz rivers.UM Al - Maark will be used as flood control system. It will be able to convert (508) cumecs from the flood water to the western desert as in 1988 and up to now to be used for irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge.These will maintain environment system. The ri·.'er promotes considerable economic and environmental developments forward by utilizing the desert virgin land with (150000) ha.The present irrigated land is (6250) ha, producing (3525) tons. This will L increase to (580800) tons/year with a net value of (77190) MIDS (38.6) M$Um Al - Maark is an important system for artificial groundwater rech?.rge in the Dibdibba area which has a rapid agriculture development affecting groundwater storage due to increasing demands and low natural recharge with (0.63) and (0.31) bcrn respectively. As a result the groundwater level decrease to (0.25) m I year and salinity increases to ( 0.28) mrnhos I cm I year. Therefore,Um Al - Maark is constructed to feed groundwater with (l.35) hem. This increases the groundwate r level and decreases salinity by (0.8) m/year and (0.4 )mrnhos /cm/ year respectively.Thus the river maintains water efficiency to cope with future development. Finally , to implement the river objectives the following measuresshould be considered : l. It is necessary to construct two regulators on Um Al - Maark and the Euphrates.2. An Authority should be established to be responsible for sand dunes control , lining canals,hydrological , geological , climate , soil and natural vegetation information.3. Effective irrigation methods should be applied. 4. High agriculture intensity should be used.5. Farm management practics regarding training , machinery , irriga.ion , ,drainage , fertilizer... etc should be enhanced.6. Water should be well distributed between the river canals and lining should be adopted7. Studies regarding water and land resources should be enlarged.8. Agricultural facilities such as roads , electricity , machinery , health centers and education should be considered.9. Vegetation cover should be improved.

دراسة مقارنة في السلوك القيادي بين مديري المدارس الثانوية ومديراتها == Acomparative Study To Leadership Behavior Among Secondary School'S Headmasters And Headmistresses

اسم المؤلف: صلاح خليفة اللامي

اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي

الموضوع العام: علم النفس

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الارشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Undoubtedly , the head master has got the most important role in the educationaJ process. It is due to his efforts that the educational environment is prepared in an wat that helps in enhancing the teaching and administrative staff to produce their best in shorter time and heith less efforts. In fact , one can say that the head master is the · ing mindd that controls the whole educational process. His behaviour is considered th criterion that measures the achievements of school population.What gives this study its importance can be stated as follows : 1 - 'The importance of the educational administration in general and school administration in particular since they are regarded as the educational leadership that works to the objectives of the society.2 - The importance of secondary and preparatory schools that supply the institutions and univen;ities with large numbers of students.3 - The important and vital role of the headmaster who is considered the leading figure in/ his tretment with his teaching staff. I4 - It is important to srudy the leaden;hip behaviour of secondary schools head masters and mistress since administration.5 - School administration is put in a position fronting behavioural challenges that requir efficient and s.kil.ful administrative leaders.The.Problem of the Study : IIt is necessary to know and diagnose the differennces in the educational leaders1p and leadership behaviour in their administrative work one can arrive at and limit 1'te scieatific interpretations of the successful of this educaitional institute (school).No to say that the leaderhipl has style clear effect on education our generations and prepartijig them for the future.Aims of the stuely The aims of the present study is to answer the following questions : t' I.what is leadership behavion level that is praetisead by secondary schools head mast according to leudership behaviour test prepared for this purpose 2 - Are there any statistically significant differences between the headmasters and head mastresses in general •3 - Are there any statistically significant differences in the leadership behaviour betwee~ the head masters arid head mistresses in the different respects of the test (responsibilil : y , discipline personality , skill , and administration beliefs ) ?4 - What is the leadership behaviour level of the buildity sample (teachers supervisors , head mesters and mistresses , teaching staff ) on the test iin general. 5 - Are there any statistically significant differency in the leadership behaviour among th~ members of the building sample on the test in general ? 6 - Are there any statistically significant differences in the leadership behaviour between I the members of the building sample , on one side , and the members of the applicatior sample , on the other side , on the test in general ?Limits of the Study : The present study is limited to a sample including number of secondary schools i Basrah city, the academic year of 1998 - 1999. Procedur8y of the study : Firstly : Samples of the study : After limiting the original society of the present research which included (280) seclondary schools, the reseacher chose a randoun class sample of ((75)) head masters an mistresses. The percentage of this random sample constitutes 40% of the original soci Secondly : Means of the study : The researcher uused the leadership behaviour scale of secondary schools hea4 masters and mistresses which he constructed to achhieve his research objectives.Thirdly : Now to test the validity and reliability of the scale : ' ** Validity : The reseacher used three ways to ensure the validity of his scale ; content vaJ lidity , face validity and distingushilg? ** Reliability : Many statistical means were used to investigate the reliability of the scale.Scale stability coefficient was extracted by spli - half ocucording to spareman - Brown formula , it approximates (0,97). According to getman formula , it approximates ((0,98)) and ((0,98)) according to rolson formula. Scale consistency coefficient approac ((0,89)).Fourthly : AppUcatian qf the smfe : After presenting the : items of the scale to the jury and after doing some proced s and the required modifications, the items primarily applied to a random sample of (4 ) healh : nasters to be sure ofv the clarity of the instructions and the interprelation and e meaning of the items. The researcher also applied the scale to another random sample itseached (75) head mascers and mistresses. The reason behind that was to find out the v+.lidity and consistency by statistical means. After proving the above mentioned matterS , the fundamental application of the sc+ ' took place on original sample of (75) head masters and mistresses to measure the leadef - ' ship behaviour level and to know the implication of the differences among the head m~ - ters and mistresses in order to set the comparison.F!fUtly : Statistical Means : The researcher used the following means : 1 - Pcrcentages 2 - Analysis of variance 3 - The coefficient deviation. 4 - Spereman - Browit, Person , Jennan , Rolon , coder Richardson coefficient correlation to find the consist : u cy of the instrument. 5 - The T - test.71te ReS!dts : The results of the present study are summarized as the following : 1 - The secondary school's hedd masters and mistresses have very high leadership behav4 our which proves their efficiency in leading and controlling their schools. ! 2 - There are no differences of statistical significance between the head masters and mis tresses in the general application of the scale except in respect of ((resposibility and skill). Within these two respects , the scale shows significant statistical differences for the sak of the head mistresses.

الملخص:

المصادر:

تقويم اداء المرشدين التربويين في معالجة مشكلات طلاب مرحلة الدراسة المتوسطة == Tile Evaluation Of The Educational Counselors Performance In Solving With Tile Problems Of Lntennetliate Schools Male Stude11Ts.

اسم المؤلف: محمود شاكر عبد الله

اسم المشرف: مظفر عبد الصمد عبد الرزاق

الموضوع العام: علم النفس

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الارشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

الملخص:

المصادر:

اثر اسلوبي التخيل بالموسيقى والكرسي الفارغ في علاج الشخصية التشاؤمية : دراسة تجريبية

اسم المؤلف: مائدة مردان محيي الطعان

اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي

الموضوع العام: علم النفس

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الارشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Pessimism has been the nerve of creativity and its gleaming soul. It is the will of Life. Without evil, we cannot know the good and without ugliness we cannot know beauty , and without Pessimism we cannot embroider our life with the.optimis1n of a wonderful dream. Without pessimism, creative ·men and women cannot feel the pain, which is their only ·inner 1notif, from pains, they have built the colossal heritage in the fields of philosophy, arts and sciences. But today it has taken negative images expressing the inability of the individuals and their weakness to face the difficulties and challenges of life, the world of the weak has been colored with a very dark night and loss of willing ness to continue their lives. They look at life as meaning less and futile; so ·they have to put themselves to eternal rest. They take their lives in very tragic ways.OGioeti11os oJ tl!.o St14dy The present study aims at : 1. Building a measure for "pessimism - optimism" the purpose of which is to determine and measure the characteristics of pessimism and optimism possessed by the normal research sample and the clinical sample.2. Identifying the effect of "i1nagination - through - music" technique in the Therapy of a normal sample from among the pessimist female students of the Institute for Training Women Teachers.3. Identifying the effect of the ' empty chair' technique in the Therapy of a normal satnple. From among the pessimist female students of the Institute for training women teachers. Identifying the effect of "imagination - through - music" technique in the Therapy of a clinical sample of patients suffering from depression.5. Identifying the effect of "the empty chair" technique in the Therapy of a clinical sample. of patients suffering from depression.6. Identifying which of the two techniques (imaginationthrough - music) or (the empty chair) is more effective in the Therapy of the pessimist nonnal sample in accordance with the variable of type of Therapy (individual VS. group).7. Identifying which of the two techniques (imaginationthrough - music) and (empty chair) is more effective in the Therapy of the pessimistic character of a clinical sample of patients suffering from depression in accordance with the variable of sex (males vs. females).The researcher adopted (38 hypotheses) divided into two equal halves covering the two samples : the normal pessimist sample and the clinical sample. To verify these hypotheses the Researcher resorted to some instruments and techniques the validity and stability of which have been proved by various scientific means.These instruments and techniques were1. Building up a measure for "pessimism - optimism".2. Measure of "depression" derived from the Minnesota multi - dimension measure of personality (MMPI).3. Measure of Depression derived from Crown Chris' 1neasure which diagroses psychological disorders.4. Preparing a model for the case study.5. Qualitative methods for the application of (imaginationthrough - music) technique. Qualitative methods for the application of the (empty chair) technique.7. Testing of Musical Dream.Sa11tpOos ol t4o st1tdyThe samples of the study were divided into two parts : A. Sample of "building the measufe" which included the following : ' ·.............I. A normal sample from second - year student in the college of Education, University of Basrah for the academic year 1997 - 1998 and for the age group 19 - 23 years old.2. A sample from the staff members of the Central Library, University of Basrah and for the age group 25 - 45 years old.3. A sample of private "bread - winners"(kasaba) and housewives for the age group 30 - 48 years old. The normal samples were Chosen by Using the model of (class observation). 4. A sample of patients diagnosed clinically as being suffering from depression and who were outpatients in the Consulting Clinic and psychiatric wards in Basrah General Hospital for the years (1997 - 1998 - 1999) and for the age groups 18 - 50 years old. This sample was selected according to one type of probabilistic observation (age sample).B. An Experimental Sample which included the following : 1. A sample of female students from the fourth and fifth years in the Institute for Training Women Teachers in the Govern orate of Basrah for the Academic years 1998 - 1999 and for the age group 19 - 23 years old. The sample was selected throughr the use of the simple random - sample method in order to represent the normal pessimist sample of the experiment.2. A normal optimist sample was selected - through the use of the same method - from among the female students in the Institute for Training Women Teachers and from the staff members of the central Public Library, housewives and private "breadwinners"(Kasaba) to be an external Control group. 3. A clinical sample of patients suffering from depression (males and females) of the age group 18 - 30 years old was selected through deliberate observation.expoti11to1ttalJ 'Dosi91t Two experimental types of design were used in the experiment. The were : A. four experimental groups with one internal Control Group and one external control group for the normal sample.B. Four experimental groups with two internal control groups and one external control group for the clinical sample.App1Jieatio1t ol tao 6xpoti11to1tt Before starting the experiment, the researcher attempted to control the mediating variables, which might have a direct effect on the dependent variable in the experiment. The groups were made identical in their exposure to the nonexperimental variables. An identity comparison was made and no difference among the groups was detected. This means that the groups were drawn from the same communit The researcher then exposed the experimental groups anp the control groups to the pretest. The results indicated a hi~ degree of pessimism where as the members of the external control group demonstrated a high level of optimism. The experimental groups were divided according to the selected methods of the study. Some were treated by the u~ of "imagination - through - music ' technique and the other groups were treated by the use ofthe'e1npty - chair' technique.The Therapy was carried out in the following way : 1. The selected methods of the study were applied t~ the normal pessi1nist sample according to the variable of the type of Therapy (individual - group). 2. The same methods were applied to the clinical sample according to the variable of sex (malesfemales).The experiment took 12 weeks for the normal pessimist ·sample and 21 weeks for the clinical sample. The groups were then subjected to the posttest.Statistical! Tftarapy The data of the study were analysis, according to the correlation factors analysis and some marked and nonmarked tests.1i11di119s oj tfta Sti.dy The study : : t..!!i~£iat the following findings : 1. The tow techniques showed that they had great effectiveness in the Therapy of pessimism for the normal pessimist sample. The differences between the experimental groups and the internal control group were statistically significant. By comparing thefindings of the optimist normal in the external control group with the findings of the experimental groups, the differences were statistically significant. This mean~ that the pessimist normal did not reach the level of the optimist normal in the external control group although their level of pessimism was reduced. By comparing the findings of the experimental groups in the light of the variable of type of Therapy (individual - group) there were no differences worth - mentioning. This indicates the effectiveness of both techniques regardless of the type of Therapy employed. 2. The results of the 1nembers of the experiment groups for the clinical sample demon striated the same level of change. Through comparing the findings of the experimental groups with those of the control groups, the differences were statistically significant. Thisproves the effectiveness of both techniques in reducing the level of pessimism in the pessimist patient in the experimental groups. When comparing the findings of the same groups with those of the external control group, the differences were also statisticallysignificant. This means that the pessimist patients did not reach the level of the natural optimism of the normal although they could get over their pessimist reality.eo11ceusio11 Finally, we can summarize the whole thing by saying that this study achieved its objectives and has reached a general conclusion, viz."The two techniques of •imagination - through - music and the' empty chair 'have great effectiveness in the Therapy of pessimism of the nonnal and patients irrespective of the type of Therapy (individual - group or sex (male - female)" The researcher has also arrived at a number · of recommendations and suggestions derive from the findings of the study.

الملخص:

المصادر:

اعادة البناء المعرفي وتعديل اساليب التفكير الخاطئ باستخدام طريقة الدفع المتعقل == Cognitive Restructuring And Modification Of Faulty Thinking Styles By Using Rational - Emotive Approach.

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اسم المشرف: مها حسين يوسف سالم البدر

الموضوع العام: علم النفس

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الارشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

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المصادر:

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اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن سعيد فرج بلخير

اسم المشرف: مظفر عبد الصمد عبد الرزاق

الموضوع العام: علم النفس

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الارشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

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اسم المؤلف: منعم عبد الرحيم حميد الزوار

اسم المشرف: رعد زهراو مطشر الموسوي

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

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اسم المؤلف: سعد جاسب داغر

اسم المشرف: علاء حسين عودة

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السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الانكليزية - اللغة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

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اسم المؤلف: سليمة جبار غانم الغراوي

اسم المشرف: محمد علي حمزة سعيد الاسدي

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السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

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اسم المشرف: قصي سالم علوان الجلبي

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السنة: 2000

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السنة: 2000

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السنة: 2000

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الدرجة: ماجستير

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السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

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السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: الادب

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

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السنة: 2000

الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية - قسم اللغة العربية

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مكان الجامعة: البصرة

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