البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

المستخلص: تم دراسة اكسدة كبريتات الحديدوز الى كبريتات الحديديك من خلال التركيز على اختبار تاثير الظروف التشغيلية للمنظومة على عملية اكسدة كبريتات الحديدوز بالهواء ومن ثم دراسة تاثير المضافات في اتمام عملية الاكسدة باستخدام الاوكسجين في العمود الفقاعي. تم استخدام ا | This study was discussion converting of ferrous sulfate to ferric sulfate by oxidation with using the bubble column and concentrates by using air and then studied the effect of additives to complete the oxidation with oxygen. Air is used as an oxidation agent in the first step to study the oxidation reaction in bubble column with(5 cm inside diameter ,120 cm tall ), in this part of process, studying the operation condition on the oxidation and determining the rate of conversion. Temperature ( 50,60 and 70 )°C ,air flow rate (100,150,200 and 250)L/h and initial concentration of ferrous (0.5 , 0.25 , 0.1 and 0.05 )M with fixing the pressure slightly up to 1 atmosphere are used to study the performance of the parameters (initial concentration ,temperature and air flow rate on oxidation ferrous sulfate.The effect of these conditions are studied throughout the experimental work to increase the conversion rate of ferrous sulfate.The results are shown that the maximum conversion rate is 53.5% at the temperature 70 °C ,air flow rate 150 L/h and initial concentration of ferrous is 0.1M.The results of the optimum conditions are depended on the second part of this work by using oxygen gas and additive material, (CuSO4, KMnO4, H2O2 and HNO3) at the different concentration (100 , 200 , 300 , 400 , 500 ) ppm, the effect of each material is studied to show the conversion rate of ferrous to ferric sulfate.The test of these material gave different results for each material and gave different result for each concentration of additive on the conversion rate of ferrous.The best result is that the conversion rate is 81.1 % by using CuSO4 at additive concentration 400ppm, the conversion rate is 78.9% by using HNO3 at concentration of additive 200 ppm , the conversion rate is 73.1% by using KMnO4 at concentration of additive 400 ppm and the conversion rate is 70% by using H2O2 at concentration of additive 200 ppm.Mathematical correlation for each additive and the main operating variables on oxidation of ferrous to ferric sulfate are solved by using (Excel) program are illustrated : - (d[?Fe?^(+2)])/dt=0.612067 t+0.011378 Cadd ? 2.86622.

تاثير المحتوى المائي، درجة الحرارة وكلوريد الصوديوم على تاكل CO2 للصلب الكربوني (A106 B) في النفط العراقي == Effect of Water Content , Temperature And NaCl on CO2 Corrosion of C - Steel (A 106 B) in Iraqi Crude Oil

اسم المؤلف: انعام يوسف عبد الرحمن

اسم المشرف: سعد احمد جعفر

الموضوع العام: الهندسة الكيمياوية

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الهندسة الكيمياوية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكيمياوية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: ان التاكل الداخلي في انابيب الصلب الكربوني الذي يحدث بوجود غاز ثاني اوكسيد الكربون يعتبر مشكلة جوهرية في صناعات النفط والغاز وهو يقترن دائما مع وجود الماء. ان احتمالية حدوث التاكل تزداد بصورة عامة مع تزايد نسبة الماء ومع زيادة مستوى الماء المنتج تزداد مع | Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines occurring in the presence of CO2 is a substantial problem in the oil and gas industries. It is always associated with the presence of free water. The likelihood of corrosion generally increases with the volume fraction of the water phase. As the produced water level increases, the corrosion rates of carbon steel increase very rapidly and causes damage of petroleum and gas pipelines. The present research work focuses on the investigating of the corrosion rate of carbon steel as flow line in crude oil production with CO2 content employing three Iraqi crude oil (Kirkuk crude oil, Halfaya crude oil, Rumalia crude oil) with different brine concentrations [1%NaCl, 2%NaCl, 3%NaCl]. Determining the corrosivity of Iraqi crude oil was studied for the first time. Experiments were performed in an autoclave test apparatus, crude oil - produced water mixtures, water cuts were (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 100%), and total volume of mixtures inside the autoclave was always kept at 100ml and temperature (20, 40, 60°C). For all experiments, CO2 partial pressure was maintained at (4 bar) and rotational speed (500 rpm).The corrosion rates were determined by the weight loss technique. The results revealed that the corrosion rates of carbon steel increased by increasing water cut and temperature, but decreases with increasing salt concentration for all types of crude oil. Results also indicated that different crude oil has significantly different effects on corrosion of carbon steel, with identical brine compositions. Therefore, Rumaila crude oil exhibits the highest corrosion rates and Kirkuk crude oil exhibits the lowest corrosion rates while Halfaya crude oil exhibits a moderate corrosion rates e.g. at 1% NaCl, 20% water cut, temperature 60°C, pressure 4bar, the corrosion rate of carbon steel in Rumaila crude oil is 0.9163mm/yr whereas it is 0.564 mm/yr and 0.705 mm/yr in Kirkuk crude oil and Halfaya crude oil respectively. The Corrosion Rate Break produced water level was determined from the experiments. These tests are employed to evaluate the requirements for corrosion inhibitor treatment. At 100% water cut (brine/CO2) the corrosion rates of carbon steel was the highest. The presence of crude oil decreases the corrosion rates e.g. at 1% NaCl,100% water cut(brine/CO2) the corrosion rate is 7.1197 mm/yr, whereas at 40% water cut/ Rumaila crude oil the corrosion rate is 1.4097 mm/yr.