البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

المستخلص: The study of the devolution of power is considered one of the issues that received attention by researchers in the field of political science; for it provides knowledge of the mechanisms that the devolution of power is based on, and to have knowledge on these mechanisms it is a must to be introduced to the State for it is the basis of the political system in general, and power in particular.. In the Islamic Republic - topic of the research - the power passed in eras until it reached to the real meaning of the peaceful devolution of power after the establishment of the Islamic State , which gave birth to the Islamic Republican system.The first chapter is devoted to the concept of State and the devolution of power in Western political thought and Islamic world , in addition to the eras that the Islamic Republic passed in , and the development of the political system , and the development of the regime in Iran. And The chapter two is devoted to the study of Constitutional Movement and the establishment of the Islamic Republic , with the Constitutional Movement Iran 's first constitution was introduced , and the first representative government , but all the goals of the Constitutional Movement never realized because of the despotic power and the system of government. After that, the conflict of men of religion and intellectuals continued in calling for political ,economic and social reform , with conflict with the power and the system of authority at the time.And this conflict is ended with the establishment of the Islamic Revolution led by Imam Khomeini and men of religion who were with him , and other political currents cleared the Royal authoritarian regime and revolution resulted a unique Islamic regime, under the Constitution which is based on Islamic foundations , and with authorities that are subject to the Constitution.After the death of Imam Khomeini ; the Islamic Republic entered a new phase coupled with the arrival of former President Hashemi Rafsanjani , and the ascension of Mr. Khamenei the position Jurist Protector (Wali al - Faqih) ,a Successor of Khomeini , and in that period an Islamic trend emerged from the womb of the Islamic forces , which seized the power since the period of the post - Islamic Revolution , and this current was known as ( the Reformist trend ) and announced its political, economic, and cultural goals , and this is the third chapter tried to state which is under the title ( the Islamic Republic and the rise of the (Reformers).The Chapter four is dedicated to demonstrate the nature of the devolution of power , after the emergence of (the Reformers) and their ascension of Executive power, the conservatism current could reach to power after the decline of the Reformers , and these developments have led to the crisis which the Islamic Republic have never witnessed before since the Islamic revolution after the presidential election which was won by the conservatism current for a second term , the Conservatives continued in the power , until the eleventh presidential election , which restored the reformers to power..From this we could have a clear vision about the devolution of power between both the Reformists and Conservatives, to proceed to a future vision of what will be the future of the peaceful devolution of power in the Islamic Republic.The study included conclusions, which included the future vision inside it.