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تغاير العلاقات التطورية وتصويف عوامل الضراوة لعزلات المكورات العنقودية من المرضى في محافظة بابل == Phylogenetic diversity and characterization of virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in Babylon province
اسم المؤلف:
نبراس عودة كاظم عيسى
اسم المشرف:
لميس عبد الرزاق عبد اللطيف
الموضوع العام:
الطب
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة:
ماجستير
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية الطب
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
A total 100 samples, only nineteen isolates of S. aureus were obtained from different samples includes (urine ,vagina, stool, wound, and abscess ) from patients by standard bacteriological methods. All samples were obtained from patients or individuals who admitted to Al - Hillah Surgical Teaching Hospital and Merjan Medical City in Babylon Governorate during a period extending from (July 2017 to September 2017). Then the specimens cultured in selective media and identified by using biochemical and bacteriological tests and using specific primer(sau).Only (19)isolate of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered.Some virulence factors of all S. aureus isolates were studied as sea gene , PCR was performed using specific primer on genomic DNA from S .aureus isolate . PCR amplification of sea gene indicated that two from vagina isolate 2 : 4(50%),three from urine 3 : 3(100%) and four from stool 4 : 4(100%) and one isolates from abscess 1 : 4(25%) and one isolates from wound1 : 4(25%) .Specific PCR primer was used for the detection of( tsst) gene.It was found that tsst gene was observed in 16 isolates which include urine, pus ,wound,and stool in percentage 100%.Specific primer was used for detection of eta gene .It was found that eta was observed in three from urine 3 : 3(100%), four from vagina 4 : 4(100%) and three from abscess 3 : 4(75%) and four from wound4 : 4(100%) and four from stool 4 : 4(100%).cna gene was also detected in S.aureus by using specific PCR primer .It was found that can gene was observed in two from urine 2 : 3(66.6), one from vaginaII1 : 4(25%), three from wound 3 : 4(75%) and three from abscess 3 : 4(75%) and two from stool 2 : 4(50%) .Also, ica gene was detected in S.aureus isolates by using specific primer , it was found that gene present in 2(66.6%) isolate from urine sample and 1(25%) isolate from abscess sample.However, molecular detection of pvl gene was done using specific PCR primer. It was found that pvl was observed in bacterial isolates in only 2(50%) isolate from abscess sample and 1(25%) from wound sample.Clumping factor A (clfA) gene was investigated by PCR technique using specific primer for his gene. It was found that clfA gene was observed in three from urine sample 3(100%) and one from vagina 1(25%) and four from abscess 4(100%) and four from wound 4(100%) and three from stool 3(75%).S. aureus isolates were subjected to show its ability to produce staphylokinase enzyme .It was that only 2 from 4 (50%) isolates from wound extracylallary were able to produce staphylokinase enzyme by creating clear zones around wells containing their cultures in the skim milk agar plate.Hyaluronidase activity was also investigated it was found that( 89%) of S. aureus isolates give positive result for hyaluronidase by turbidity reduction assay in the determination of hyaluronidase.The relationship between 19 S. aureus isolates using RAPD - PCR was performed. Ten primer showed polymorphism among the isolates test generatingIII88 bands, 58 of which were polymorphic with sizes ranging between 100 to 3000 bp. The mean percentage of ten primer 61.36% .The Dendogram two main cluster, the first include one isolate (st9 abscess) and the second include 18 isolates, However , the second cluster divide the 18 isolate into two subcluster. Using the ten primer isolate 11 reveled highest similarity with isolate 1 (69%) and the isolate 17 and 18 have similarity (69%) followed by isolates 7 and 16 with similarty (61%) .However , isolate 14 and 9 showed the lowest similarity (10%). All the remaining pairs showed intermediate similarity percentage with highest and lowest percentage .PCR amplification of Agr group gene from 19 isolates product different types based on size range from (323 - 659 ) bp were recognized as follows Agr I (441bP) ,Agr II(575 bp),Agr III(323 bP),Agr IV (659 bp),and. The frequencies of agr Groups III 17(89.1%) and Agr Groups I 15(78.7%) were more than those seen in other Groups flowed by agr IV 7(36.7%), while agr Group II 2(10.4%) was the least obtained in all the five isolates .DNA sequencing of cna gene from isolates of S. aureus revealed 188 mutation in four isolates and give identity in percentage (76 - 89%) with standard strand S. aureus in NCBI website ,this gene sequencing is the first described in Iraq.
👁 مشاهدة
اجهاد التعاطف عند مقدمي الرعاية الصحية العاملين في وحدات العناية المركزة في مدينة الحلة == Compassion Fatigue among Healthcare Professionals Working in Intensive Care Units in Al - Hilla City
اسم المؤلف:
امير صلاح الدين عبد الرزاق
اسم المشرف:
حيدر حمزة علي | سحر ادهم علي
الموضوع العام:
الطب
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
التمريض
الدرجة:
ماجستير
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية التمريض
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Background : Compassion fatigue has been described as the “cost of caring" for others in emotional and physical pain. It is characterized by profound effects on the physical and emotional well - being of healthcare professionals. It is a work - related hazard, and large number of professionals who care for suffering clients can experience compassion fatigue. Healthcare professionals working ICUs are emotionally affected by end - of - life issues, ethical decision making, and witnessing the continuous suffering of patients.Aims : The purpose of this study is to assess compassion fatigue among healthcare professionals working in ICUs. It also aimed to find the association between compassion fatigue and some demographical variables of study participants.Methodology : A descriptive study design using a convenience sample of (N=156) healthcare professionals working in ICUs through the period from October 2018 to June 2018. Compassion Fatigue Scale (14 items) was used to answer the study questions.Results : The study findings indicate that most of the healthcare professionals (65.4%) had moderate level of compassion fatigue. There was a gender difference in response to compassion fatigue; female professionals are at higher risk for compassion fatigue than male professionals. No significant difference was found among healthcare professionals in response to the phenomenon.Conclusion and Recommendation : All health care professionals working with suffering clients are at higher risk for compassion fatigue, especially female professionals and those with less years of experience. Therefore, it is recommended to increase the awareness of healthcare professionals working in ICUs about warning signs of compassion fatigue to increase their ability to cope effectively with emotional and work related stress.
👁 مشاهدة
تواتر الانماط المصلية من بكتريا القولون وطفيلي الحال النسيجي بين مرضى الاسهال في محافظة بابل == Frequency of Escherichia coli serotypes and Entamoeba histolytica among Patients with Diarrhea in Babylon province
اسم المؤلف:
محمد صباح عطيوي الزبيدي
اسم المشرف:
جواد كاظم الخفاجي | هادي فاضل اليساري
الموضوع العام:
الطب
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة:
ماجستير
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية الطب
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تعتبر Escherichia coli وEntamoeba histolytica من اكثر مسببات الامراض الشائعة التي تسبب الامراض المعوية والامعائية في جميع انحاء العالم.تم جمع 150 عينة براز من المرضى الذين يعانون من الاسهال الكبير خلال الفترة من اكتوبر 2017 حتى نهاية ديسمبر 2017 من ثلاثة مستشفيات رئيسية في مدينة الحلة ، وقد تم تشخيص 46 عزلة على انها E.coli والكشف عن 28 عينة على انها E.histolytica.شملت عزلة ال E.coli ما ياتي 29 من الذكور و17 من الاناث ، في حين شملت E.histolytica 19 من الذكور و9 من الاناث.تتراوح الفئة العمرية الاكثر شيوعا لانتشار العدوى في كل من E.histolytica وE.coli (1 - 10) سنوات . وهذا يمكن ان يكون وفقا لحقيقة ان الاطفال يلعبون على التربة مع نظافة ضئيلة او معدومة ضمن هذه الفئة العمرية او بسبب انخفاض المناعة خلال هذه الفئات العمرية.ظهر من عزلات E.coli ان اكثر انواع الاسهال شيوعا هو 14 اسهالا مائيا في حين كان في عينات E.histolytica الاسهال الدموي هو الاكثر شيوعا حيث بلغ 18 اسهالا دمويا.كان عامل الاقامة الاكثر شيوعا في كل من E.coli وE.histolytica في المناطق الريفية حيث كان حوالي 32 في E.coli و18 في E.histolytica. ويرجع ذلك الى العديد من العوامل مثل وجود الحيوانات الاليفة كمضيفين والتي تساعد على توزيع الاصابات المايكروبية ، غياب معظم المبادئ الصحية العامة ، غياب اجراءات الصرف الصحي ، تقديم الطعام والماء الملوثين .وقد درست بعض عوامل الضراوة في بكتريا القولون التي اختبرت في الدراسة الحالية لانتاج كبسولات كانت النتائج الايجابية 37 ، وكان مستضد عامل الاستعمار 18 ، وكان انتاج الهيموليزين صفرا ، وكان انتاج البكتريوسين 46.ان اكثر الانماط المصلية المنتشرة لبكتريا E.coli هو ETEC وقد كان 16 عزلة. تم اختبار تاثير بعض المضادات الحيوية على E.coli واظهرت النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها ان اعلى ارتفاع معدل مقاومة كان 43 الى ampicillin و42 الى Ceftriaxone في حين ان اعلى ارتفاع معدل انتشار الحساسية كان 43 الى Meropenem و34 الى amoxiclave.تم اختبار انتاج ESBL بواسطة E.coli في هذه الدراسة عن طريق الفحص والاختبار التاكيدي الذي كان 10 عزلات لديهم القدرة على انتاج ESBL باستخدام اختبار الفحص العادي في حين ظهرت 20 عزلة بواسطة الاختبار تاكيدي.كما تم الكشف التاكيدي ل E.histolytica بواسطة ELISA في 28 عينة التي تم الحصول عليها وجميعها اعطت نتائج موجبة | Escherichia coli and Entamoeba histolytica are among the most common pathogens that causes intestinal and extra - intestinal diseases worldwide .One hundred fifty (150) stool samples were collected from patients suffering from significant diarrhea during the period of October 2017 to the end of December 2017 from three main hospitals in Hilla city, about 46 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli and 28 Entamoeba histolytica were detected in all specimens. From 46 isolates of E.coli were included 29(63.1%) in males and 17(36.9%) in females , while from 28 E.histolytica about 19(67.9%) in males and 9(32.1) in females .The most prevalence of infection by both E.histolytica and E.coli were among age group range (1 - 10) . This could be according to the fact that children are found of playing on the soil with little or no hygiene within this age group or due to low immunity.The most common type of diarrhea in this study were 41(89.2%) watery diarrhea caused by E.coli while the 18(46.2%) bloody diarrhea were the most common in diarrhea cases by E.histolytica.Most cases of diarrhea were commonly in both E.coli and E.histolytica cases in rural that about 32(69.6%) by E.coli and 18(64.2%) by E.histolytica .These are due to many factors such as the presence of domestic animals as hosts which help in parasites distribution ,an absence of most common hygienic principles ,absent of sanitation measures , present of contaminated food and water, and the presence of insects as vectors to these pathogens .Some virulence factors of E.coli which have been tested in the present study were involve capsule production that positive results about 37(80.5%) ,colonization factor antigen were 18(39.1%), hemolysin not produced , and bacteriocin production were about 46(100%) . The high prevalence of E.coli serotypes in this study are with Enterotoxigenic E.Coli that about 16(34.8%) isolates. The enterotoxigenic E.coli pathotype is recognized as one of the main important diarrheagenic E.coli in developing countries.The effect of some antibiotics on E.coli was tested and the results that obtained show that the high prevalence of resistance 43(93.4%) to ampicillin and 42(91.4%) to Ceftriaxone while the high prevalence of sensitivity were 43(93.4%) to meropenem and 34(73.9%) to amoxiclave . The Extended Spectrum β - Lactamase production by E.coli in this study also tested by confirmatory test that was about 20 isolates were having the ability to produce ESBL by using confirmatory test.The confirmatory detection of E.histolytica by using ELISA were also applied in this study were the results give 28(100%) positive for E.histolytica .
👁 مشاهدة
تصميم وتنفيذ تطبيق دردشة قائم على نظام اندرويد امن من نهاية الى نهاية == Design and Implementation of an End - to - End Secure Android based Chat Application
اسم المؤلف:
نور صباح حمزة محمد
اسم المشرف:
جمال محمد كاظم | بان نديم ذنون
الموضوع العام:
علوم الحاسبات
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
علوم الحاسبات
الدرجة:
ماجستير
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحاسبات
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Chat applications have become one of the most important and popular applications on smartphones. It has the capability of exchange text messages, images and files which it cost free for the users to communicate with each other. All messages must be protected but most of these applications have security and privacy issues.The aim of this thesis is to propose chat application that provides End - to - End security that let safely exchange private information with each other without worrying about data. In addition, the storage is encrypted.The design of the proposed chat application (Secure Chat Application) is based on client - server architecture. A list of requirements is taken in consideration to design and implement.It allows to send a friendship request to a friend before starting the conversation and then can exchange messages safely and store messages in encrypted place, thus the security and privacy were maintained.The XSalsa20 algorithm has been used to encrypt the password and messages, Poly1305 algorithm to verify the authenticity of a message, Curve25519 algorithm to generate a key pair to produce the shared key that is used to encrypt the session between the sender and the receiver, and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encrypting local storage.The application has been tested and evaluated according to two important factors in these applications : time consuming and security. In term of time consuming, the longest time it takes for encrypting a message is less than 0.0082 seconds, while for decrypting, it takes less than 0.015 seconds. As for security, the application was tested by printing the results, and Wireshark software was used to test the channel encryption between the application and Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM).
👁 مشاهدة
طرائق تجميع البيانات الكفوءة باستخدام الطاقة من اجل اطالة عمر شبكات الاستشعار اللاسلكية الدورية == ENERGY - EFFICIENT DATA AGGREGATION APPROACHES FOR PROLONGING LIFETIME OF PERIODIC WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
اسم المؤلف:
علي كاظم محمد هداب الغرابي
اسم المشرف:
علي كاظم ادريس السعدي
الموضوع العام:
علوم الحاسبات
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
تقنيات المعلومات
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية تكنولوجيا المعلومات - قسم تكنولوجيا المعلومات
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تمثل شبكات الاستشعار (اللاسلكية) الدورية (PSNs) واحدة من العناصر الاساسية في مستقبل انترنت الاشياء (IoT) وانها تلعب دورا هاما في حياة الناس بسبب استخدامها على نطاق واسع في العديد من التطبيقات. خصائص هذه الشبكات تمييزها عن الشبكات اللاسلكية المخصصة الاخرى. علاوة على ذلك، تفرض عدة قيود بسبب هذه الخصائص والتي تؤدي الى العديد من التحديات في شبكات الاستشعار الدورية. احد التحديات البحثية الاساسية في شبكات (PSNs) هو جمع ودمج كمية كبيرة من البيانات بطريقة موفرة للطاقة ومن ثم نقلها الى القاعدة (المحطة الاساسية) من اجل تمديد واطالة عمر الشبكة. وبما ان بطاريات المستشعرات لها عمر محدود، لذلك فان طريقة جمع البيانات ودمجها بشكل موفر للطاقة يعتبر امر ضروري لتحسين استهلاك الطاقة.في هذه الاطروحة، تم التركيز بشكل كبير على مشكلة تجميع البيانات، حيث توفير الطاقة يعتبر شرط اساسي. لقد تم اقتراح طرق تجميع البيانات الموفرة للطاقة والتي تهدف بشكل نهائي لتمديد واطالة عمر شبكة (PSN). لمعالجة هذه المشكلة، تقترح هذه الاطروحة طرق تجميع البيانات والتي تعمل على مستوى واحد ومستويين للتقليل من تكرار البيانات وتقليل الطاقة المستهلكة مع الحفاظ على مستوى مناسب من دقة البيانات بالنسبة للبيانات المستلمة في القاعدة (المحطة الاساسية). تم اقتراح خمسة طرق جديدة تعمل بصورة موزعة لتجميع البيانات بطريقة موفرة للطاقة تقوم على اساس البنية العنقودية. ويمكن توزيع هذه الطرق على عقد الاستشعار في المنطقة التي يرغب بمراقبتها. وبصورة ادق، فان الهدف من هذه الطرق هو تجميع البيانات المستشعرة على مستويين : احدهما على مستوى عقد اجهزة الاستشعار والاخر على مستوى المجمع (راس المجموعة (CH)) لاطالة عمر الشبكة في شبكات (PSNs).في المستوى الاول (مستوى عقد جهاز الاستشعار)، تم تطوير ثلاثة طرق مختلفة كفوءة باستخدام الطاقة وهي (DADAC, EADiDaC and DiDaSeF) والتي تهدف الى ازالة قراءات اجهزة الاستشعار الزائدة، توفير الطاقة، وتمديد واطالة عمر الشبكة. في الطريقة الرابع، تم اقتراح تجميع البيانات على مستويين (TLDA) لاطالة عمر شبكات الاستشعار الدورية. دمج البيانات يتم انجازه باستخدام تقنية التقريب المستمر للتكيف (APCA) لتقليل كمية البيانات التي يجمعها كل جهاز استشعار. يتم تطبيق المستوى الثاني في المجمع (راس المجموعة (CH)). ويشمل تجميع مجموعات البيانات المستلمة استنادا الى جدول تجزئة التسلسل باستخدام طريقة تكميم (SAX)، بالاضافة الى طرق معالجة اخرى. في الطريقة الخامسة، قمنا بتصميم وتنفيذ نظام كامل لتجميع البيانات (DAF) لزيادة عمر شبكات (PSNs). تعمل دالة التجميع في راس المجموعة (CH) كمرشح من خلال تمكين راس المجموعة من تحديد، ثم ازالة، مجاميع البيانات الزائدة عن الحاجة والتي تنتجها العقد المتجاورة، لتقليل المجموعات النهائية التي ستستقبلها القاعدة )المحطة الاساسية(.قمنا باجراء تجارب محاكاة واسعة النطاق على بيانات الاستشعار الحقيقية من خلال تطبيق برنامج (OMNeT++) لمحاكاة الشبكة لشرح فعالية البروتوكولات المقترحة بالمقارنة مع الطرق الاخرى المقترحة في الادبيات. تظهر نتائج التجارب بان طريقة (DADAC) قللت القراءات المجموعة من 18% الى 76% ومن 5% الى 29% مقارنة مع (PFF and Harb) بالتتابع. الطاقة المستهلكة بالنسبة لعقد الاستشعار باستخدام طريقة (EADiDaC) تم تقليلها من 27% الى 57% ومن 15% الى 43% مقارنة مع (PFF and Harb) بالتتابع. طريقة DiDASeF قللت البيانات المتبقية الى 10% كاقصى حد بعد تطبيق خطوة دمج البيانات في كل دورة، بينما المعدل هو 31% في ATP و100% في PFF. طريقة TLDA قللت الطاقة المصروفة في راس المجموعة لغاية 72% و61% مقارنة مع (PFF and Harb) بالتتابع. مرحلة دمج البيانات في طريقة DAF قللت البيانات المتبقة لغاية 9.322% في كل دورة، بينما المعدل هو 18.34% في طريقة TLDA. | Periodic Sensor Networks (PSNs) represent one of the essential elements in the future of Internet of Things (IoT) and it plays an important role in people’s life because of their widespread use in many applications. The characteristics of these PSNs differentiate it from other ad - hoc wireless networks. Furthermore, several limitations due to these characteristics are imposed and led to many challenges in the PSNs. One fundamental research challenge in PSNs is to periodically collect and aggregate the large volume of data in an energy efficient way and then transmit them to the sink so as to enhance the network lifetime. Since sensor batteries have a limited lifetime, therefore, energy - efficient data collection and aggregation method to periodic data collection is required for energy optimization.In this dissertation, highly focusing on the data aggregation problem, where energy - saving is also the essential condition. Energy - efficient data aggregation approaches had been proposed with the final goal of prolonging the PSN lifetime. To address this problem, this dissertation suggests one level and two levels data aggregation approaches for reducing the data redundancy and minimize the consumed energy while preserving a suitable level of data accuracy for the received data at the sink node. In this dissertation, five new distributed energy - efficient data aggregation approaches were proposed based on cluster topology. These approaches can be distributed on the sensor nodes in the monitored area of interest. More precisely, the objective of these approaches is to aggregate the sensed data at two levels : one of them at the sensor nodes level and the other on the aggregator (Cluster Head (CH)) level to prolong network lifetime in PSNs. In the sensor node level, three different energy - efficient approaches were developed; they are DADAC, EADiDaC and DiDASeF in order to remove redundant sensor readings, save energy, and prolong the network lifetime. In the fourth approach, a Two - Level Data Aggregation (TLDA) for Prolonging Lifetime of Periodic Sensor Networks is proposed. Data aggregation is achieved by using Adaptive Piecewise Constant Approximation (APCA) technique to reduce the amount of data collected by each sensor. Moreover, at the aggregator data aggregation is achieved by grouping received data sets based on the chaining hash table with SAX quantization method, as well as other processing methods. In the fifth approach, a complete Data Aggregation Framework (DAF) for maximizing the lifetime of PSNs are integrated to work together. The aggregation function, at the Cluster head (CH), works as a filtering via enabling the CH to reduce the final sets that the base station will be received. Extensive simulation experiments were conducted on real sensor data by applying OMNeT++ network simulator to explain the effectiveness of the proposed approaches in comparison with other existing methods. The results of these experiments show that DADAC approach reduced collected readings from 18% to 76% and from 5% to 29% compared to PFF and Harb respectively. The consumed energy of a sensor node using EADiDaC method is minimized from 27% to 57% and from 15% to 43% compared to PFF and Harb techniques respectively. DiDASeF approach decreased the remaining data to a maximum of 10% after applying the aggregation step at each period, whilst the rate is equal to 31% in ATP and 100% in PFF. TLDA approach decreased the consumed energy at the cluster head up to 72% and 61% in comparison with PFF and Harb methods respectively. The aggregation stage in DAF approach decreased the remaining data to a maximum of 9.322% at each period, whilst the rate is equal to 18.34% in TLDA
👁 مشاهدة
الاداء الامثل لشبكات الاستشعار اللاسلكية باستخدام نماذج نشر مختلفة == An Optimal Performance of the Wireless Sensor Networks Using Various Deployment Models
اسم المؤلف:
عبد الناصر رياض فنجان سالم
اسم المشرف:
سعد طالب حسون الجبوري
الموضوع العام:
علوم الحاسبات
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
برمجيات
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية تكنولوجيا المعلومات - قسم البرامجيات
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) today are widely used in various military and civilian applications and in the construction of a new concept called Internet of thinks (IoT), so it has been given great importance especially in recent years. In most WSNs applications sensors are deploying in random manner. Such randomness deployment produces trivial control on the network with no coverage guarantee and may achieve weakly connected network topology. Therefore, precise location can be often pursued for different nominated applications with the aim of configuring the topology of the network to reach to the requirements of preferred application. Most of the important WSN optimization techniques are to place the sensors in a deterministic manner to meet the required performance aims.In this dissertation several solutions are proposed to handle the deployment problem in WSN such as coverage, connectivity and reliability. Our suggestion depends on developing certain re - deployment approaches. These approaches are suggested and implemented in two virtual phases. In the first phase a random deployment was suggested then improves the locations of all the deployed sensors in the second phase. Once completing these phases a set of feasible locations will be available and can be used in the process of real sensor deployment.Seven algorithms are suggested, two of them were developed from the centralized optimization algorithms. The first is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), one of the common optimization methods. And the second is called Grid - distribution, where we considered this model to estimate the optimal number of sensors needed to cover a specific area. On the other hand, we have extracted two new models from Grid - distribution fundamentals, one of them to cover the border called barrier deployment, and the second is to cover center a certain area called center deployment.Three other optimization deployment algorithms are proposed to redeploy sensors after initial random deployment and improve coverage, connectivity and network reliability at the minimum cost. These algorithms are Distance based deployment, Markov based deployment and Angles based deployment. A mathematical model has been built for each of these proposed algorithms and has been implemented and tested by the Net Logo simulator. Each algorithm is executed in all sensors to achieve the desired objectives. The results of these algorithms were shown to be superior and dominate the results of existing algorithms such as Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO) and PSO_Voronoi.
👁 مشاهدة
تقييم الية الثقة في شبكات المركبات == Evaluation of Trust Mechanism for VANETs
اسم المؤلف:
حوراء عادل نوري
اسم المشرف:
ستار بدر سدخان المالكي
الموضوع العام:
علوم الحاسبات
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
علوم الحاسبات
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحاسبات
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تدعم شبكة المركبات العديد من التطبيقات التجارية كانظمة النقل الذكية (ITS)، ولكن كان الدافع الاساسي وراء هذه الشبكات هو سلامة اتصالات الطريق الذي تعتمد فيه كل مركبة على الرسائل المرسلة لها من قبل نظائرها من المركبات الاخرى والتي قد تكون ضارة. ان الطبيعة المتغيرة والديناميكية لطبولوجيا الشبكة يجعل بامكان اي مركبة مغادرة الشبكة والانضمام اليها في اي وقت سواء كانت هذه المركبات موثوق بها ام لا. لذا يجب ان تتمكن كل مركبة من تقييم المعلومات الواردة لها من المركبات الاخرى واتخاذ القرارات بشانها والاستجابة لتلك المعلومات. عليه فبدون انشاء اليه مناسبة لادارة الثقة فان الاتصالات في هذه الشبكات قد تكون عرضه للتهديد الامني، حيث توجب الانظمة الامنية ان ياتي الارسال من مصدر موثوق لذا فان الثقة والامن مفهومان مترابطان لا يمكن عزلهما.لم يتحقق حتى الان تطوير نماذج امنة تماما لهذه الشبكات، لذا يهدف مجال البحث الجيد الى استثمار معظم الطرق السابقة في المؤلفات للبحث عن اطار عام لوضع اساس متين لتطوير الية احتساب السمعة والموثوقية في شبكات المركبات. يدعم هذا العمل امن شبكات المركبات من خلال استخدام تقنية الخوارزمية الجينية بالاضافة لنظرية اللعبة لتطوير الية ثقة متعددة الخصائص. | VANET support many commercial applications such as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), but the original motivation behind it was safety of road communications where each vehicle has to rely on messages sent out by peer vehicles, which might be malicious. The dynamic changing nature of network topology makes any vehicle to leave and join the network at any point of time whether these vehicles were trusted or untrusted. Therefore, each vehicle must be able to assess, make decisions and respond to information received from other vehicles. So without having a proper mechanism for trust management, communication in VANET might be prone to security threat. Security systems impose that the transmission come from a trusted source, so trust and security are two interdependent concepts that there cannot be segregated.The development of fully secure schemes for these networks has not been entirely achieved till now. So, a good research field aims to exploit most of the previous approaches in literatures looking for a general framework to put solid basis to the development of Distributed Trust and Reputation Mechanism for VANET. The work supports the security of VANET by using a genetic algorithm technique in addition with game theory to develop a multi - featured trust mechanism
👁 مشاهدة
Secure Email Message Using Genetic Algorithm - Based Elliptic Curve Cryptography Systems
اسم المؤلف:
محمد حسن حالوب
اسم المشرف:
Haider M. Abdul - Nabi
الموضوع العام:
علوم الحاسبات
السنة:
2018
الموضوع الدقيق:
علوم الحاسبات
الدرجة:
ماجستير
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة - كلية العلوم
اللغة:
الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Email is a service for exchanged messages between group of people (sender and receiver) using communication network. Nowadays people, companies, and business sectors are using email in the official communications. There are a lot of threats on the email service and the most importantly one is the eavesdropping. Some email messages are very important and must have a level of security during exchange of them.The current study uses hash function to add data integrity by applying Secure Hash Algorithm - 1(SHA - 1). This study uses Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm to add authentication and non - repudiation to the email message sender.Encrypt of an email message is a solution to overcome the eavesdropping. Hence, the attacker can obtain the email message but cannot read it without the key. The encryption algorithm, which is used, is Elliptic Curve Cryptography. This algorithm has a strong encryption, high level of security, and small key size compared to the RSA algorithm.The contributions of this thesis are : proposes a new method based on genetic algorithm to select the most effective parameters of the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (a,b); and proposes four encryption methods : updated symmetric Elliptic Curve Cryptography, modified Menzes - Vanston Elliptic Curve Cryptography, hybrid symmetric and asymmetric Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and hybrid Menzes - Vanston Elliptic Curve Cryptography and AlGamal Elliptic Curve Cryptography.The proposed methods are compared against previous techniques. It is found that these methods outperform the previous techniques in terms of the encryption/decryption processing time and the level of security.
👁 مشاهدة
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