العلم العراقي
عرض: 25 50 75 100 النتائج

نتائج البحث: 6 من أصل 6

الوضع الوبائي لمتلازمة العوز المناعي في العراق من 1990 - 2017 Epidemiological Profile of HIV in Iraq From 1990 - 2017

اسم المؤلف: قيس عبد العزيز عبد المطلب
اسم المشرف: جواد كاظم الديوان
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of far greater demographic diversity, affecting all ages, sexes, races, and income levels; involving multiple transmission risk behaviors; and having a broad geographic distribution worldwide.Globally, there are about 36.7 million people living with HIV, and 1.81 million new HIV infections occurred worldwide in 2016. There is insufficient epidemiological data on HIV infection in Iraq, so this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence, incidence and other epidemiological characteristics of HIV patients in Iraq.Methods : Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted by reviewing all records of HIV patients that retrieved from the Iraqi HIV Surveillance Center from1990 - 2017. Corresponding population data of Iraqi population was obtained from the Ministry of Health (MOH) - Directorate of Planning and Resource Development - Health and Vital Statistics Department. Results : The total number of the registered HIV patients in the Iraqi HIV Surveillance Center from 1990 - 2017 were 385 documented HIV cases. The prevalence and incidence of HIV infection in Iraq in 2017 were 0.66/ 100,000 populations and 0.24/100,000 population respectively, and they increased gradually over the last 27 years.The mean age of patients with HIV at time of detection was 31±12 years. Most of the patients aged 25 years and above that account for (86.8%).Males showed much higher percentage of HIV infection than females about 82%.Most of the cases concentrated in Baghdad governorate (123 cases) that represent 52.8%, followed by Erbil governorate (21,8.4%).Clinically suspecting HIV infection was the main route for detecting cases (22.07%), followed by blood donation (20%) of the cases.Sexual activities represent the major role of transmission about 57%, followed by blood and blood products consumption that represent 22.5%.Conclusions : The prevalence and incidence of HIV infection continue to rise over the last 27 years especially in the last five years. We recommend paying more attention to the control and prevention measures and enhancement of surveillance system.Keywords : HIV, Iraq, Epidemiology, ART.

الوفيات والمراضة الناتجة عن حالات التهاب المعدة والامعاء بين الاطفال دون سن الخمسة سنوات في بابل, 2007 - 2017 THE MORTALITY and MORBIDITY of GASTROENTERITIS in UNDER 5 YEARS CHILDREN, BABYLON PROVNCE (2007?2017)

اسم المؤلف: رزاق هاشم محمد
اسم المشرف: علياء مكي حسن الصافي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Diarrhea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. It was the second leading cause of death in children under five years, accounting for 9 % of all deaths among children under age 5 worldwide in 2015. Despite the availability of simple effective treatment, about 1,400 young children die each day which is equivalent to 526,000 children a year. According to Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS - 4), the incidence of diarrhea in Iraq was 15% .The objective of this study was to identify the incidence and deaths of gastroenteritis in children under five year in Babylon, 2007 - 2017.Methods : A descriptive cross - sectional study by reviewing all reported cases of gastroenteritis in hospitals and districts of Babylon province between 2007 - 2017.Incidence, mortality rate and case fatality rate (CFR) for <5 years population were calculated.Results : The mean of cases was 69,436 patients. A mean of outpatient was 60,243(86.8%) and 9,194(13.2%) were admitted cases. Male to female ratio was 1.1 : 1. Incidence of gastroenteritis was 237.8/1,000, the highest incidence was in 2012(302 /1,000), the lowest was in 2016(163/1,000), most deaths occur in children <1year (82.1%). CFR was (1.1/10,000), the highest case fatality rate was in2007 (3.9/10,000), there was no deaths in 2013 and 2015, therefore CFR was 0%.Proportional mortality rate (PMR) the mean was (0.3%); the highest PMR was in 2007 (0.8%), because there was no deaths in 2013 and 2015 PMR (0%).The incidence was higher in infants (477/1,000), than1 - <5 years (168.2/1,000) as means, which represented 2.8 times more in infants.Conclusion Diarrhea is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years, which need to pay more attention for PHC efforts and community cooperation, improvements of living situations and encouragement of Breast feeding.Key words : Gastroenteritis, Babylon, Under 5 years children, Incidence, Case fatality rate, Proportional mortality rate.

العوامل المرتبطة بالتسرب من علاج مرض التدرن في بغداد العراق 2016 - 2018 Factors Associated with Default in TB Management, Baghdad, Iraq, 2016 - 2018

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي كريم راضي
اسم المشرف: ناديه عزيز
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global public health problem, with an estimated 9.4 million incident cases of TB and 1.8 million deaths in 2008. Drug resistance and obstacles to successful directly observed therapy short - course (DOTS) impede disease control.OBJECTIVE : The aim of study is to highlighting the epidemiological characteristic of TB defaulter patients by person (age, sex, marital state socioeconomic status), place, time and identifying factors that had put these individuals at risk for default in Iraq, Baghdad, 2016 - 2018.Materials and Methods :  Study design : Cross sectional study of all defaulters attended to T. B centers in Baghdad (National specialized center for chest and Respiratory diseases center of T.B in Iraq, T.B center in Baghdad / Karkh, T.B center in Baghdad / Rusafah). Source of data : using already presents clinic registries and Interview with theme using questionnaire especially constructed for this study or by phone calls. Excel and SPSS program will be used for analysis.IIIRESULT : The highest prevalence of defaulter was found among participants aged (>45) years (60%) with significant association (p=0.001) between participant’s age and prevalence of default. a significant association (P=0.001) between prevalence of default and family income, (92.7%) of participants with default ID (250000 - 500000) income. It was (46.6%) of smokers were default with significant association (P=0.001) between prevalence of default and smoking.A significant association (p=0.031) between prevalence of default and alcohol drinking. Concerning the association between prevalence of default and having chronic disease, we found that (77.8%) have DM and (45.6%) have HT, with a significant association (p=0.001).The proportion of participants with public transportation was (37.5%). With significant association (p=0.024). The proportion of participants with vomiting was (100%). With significant association (p=0.001).The proportion of participants with previous defaulting was (21%). With significant association (p=0.001).Conclusions : In this study we found that there are significant associations between TB defaulters and the following factors; age of >45, ID<250000, smoking, Alcohol drinking, DM, previous defaulting, vomiting and low education.These risk factors should be controlled by a good implementation of the direct observed treatment short coarse therapy (DOTS), cooperation between Private and Public sector and also by enhancing more studies on the same filed.

تقييم اداء نظام مراقبة الحصبة في العراق 2011 - 2017 Evaluation of Measles Surveillance System Performance in Iraq, 2011 - 2017

اسم المؤلف: صفاء سعدون علي
اسم المشرف: بتول علي غالب ياسين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Introduction : Measles is a highly contagious viral disease and an important cause of death among young children globally. Adequate vaccine coverage and enhancing surveillance system are the keys for elimination goal by 2020. Objectives : to evaluate the surveillance system performance and to identify the epidemiological characteristics and vaccine coverage of measles in Iraq from 2011 to 2017. Methods : a descriptive study was done on measles surveillance data from Iraq obtained during the period from 1st of January 2011 to the 31st of December 2017. The performance of surveillance was evaluated according to the WHO performance indicators. Results : Of 9,114 suspected cases, 35% were confirmed, there were three outbreaks at 2013, 2014 & 2015, case fatality rate reached 1.04% in 2014; 74% of confirmed cases were below 5 years. Non - measles non - rubella rate didn’t achieve their targets (≥ 2/100,000) during the last three years at the national level, no governorate achieved the target throughout the whole study period. Suspected measles cases notified ≤ 48 h after rash onset didn’t achieve their targets (≥80%) during 2013, 2014 and 2015 at the national level, only Basrah and Dahuk achieved the target throughout the whole study period. Suspected measles cases investigated ≤ 48 h after notification achieved their target (≥80%) throughout the whole study period at both the national and governorate level. Suspected measles cases with adequate specimen collected within 28 days of rash onset have been achieved (≥ 80%) throughout the whole study period except; Kirkuk, Anbar, Ninawa, Salah Al - Din and Diyala in 2014 and 2015; Babylon, Al - Qadisiyah and Wasit in 2015. Throughout the whole study period; suspected measles cases with specimens received by the laboratoryIIIwithin four days of the collection have never been achieved (≥ 80%) in Dahuk, Erbil, Wasit, Sulaymaniyah, Dhi - Qar, and Babylon; only Najaf, Karbala and Basrah achieved the target. Suspected measles cases with laboratory result reported within seven days achieved their target (≥ 80%) throughout the whole study period at national level except in 2015 at which the target was achieved only in Dahuk and Muthanna. Conclusions and Recommendation : Most measles surveillance performance indicators still need improvement. Expanding vaccine coverage, more education and enhancement of the commitment of the staff about the importance of notification of measles cases and ensuring logistic and financial Supports are crucial for the strengthening of the surveillance system to reach the elimination goal

اكتئاب ما بعد الولادة بين الامهات المراجعات للمراكز الصحية الاولية في بغداد/ الكرخ 2018 POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION AMONG MOTHERS ATTENDING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS IN BAGHDAD/ AL - KARKH, 2018

اسم المؤلف: زيد وجيه عواد حسن
اسم المشرف: فارس حسن اللامي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

معدل انتشار مرض التهاب الكبد الفايروسي نوع بي بين مرضى السكري في بغداد / الرصافة 2018 The Prevalence Rate of Hepatitis - B among Diabetic Patient in Baghdad / Al - Russafa 2018

اسم المؤلف: حسنين اسماعيل مالك
اسم المشرف: سهير محمد محمود الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2018
الموضوع الدقيق: الوبائيات التطبيقية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Diabetes mellitus and Hepatitis B virus infection, each is considered a major public health problem. Diabetic patient may be at risk of having Hepatitis B virus infection.This study aimed to measure the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus among Diabetic patient from Baghdad Al - Russafa and factors that may lead to being infected.1 : 2 Method : A cross - sectional study was conducted. The samples had been taken from Al - Kindy endocrine center. All diabetic patients (type 1 and type 2) who attended to this center were included in the study. ELISA test was performed for each to identify hepatitis B virus infection, at Central Health Laboratory.1 : 3 RESULTS : The total number of patients who included in this study was 317, all of them where diabetic patient. Three diabetic participants from the total number of study participant were with positive result of hepatitis B infection, with a prevalence rate of 0.9%. The three diabetic patient with positive result, had risk factor such as (previous history of dialysis, surgical and dental intervention, blood transfusion and also multiple user for glucometer instrument). Patient’s age was ranging from 5 to 76 years with a mean of 44.05 years and standard deviation (SD) of ± 16.30 years. The highest proportion of study patients (56.2%) were found in age group above 45 years. The proportion of female represented less than two thirds of participants (60.6%) with female to male ratio of 1.53 : 1. About 43.2% had surgical intervention, 14.2% had a dental intervention, 4.4% had blood transfusion, and 0.6% had kidney dialysis and 0.6% with a blood disease. 88.3% had glucometer instrument, from them 86.8% using their instrument to test their blood glucose level. About 53 diabetic patients were type (1) diabetes (16.7%), 52 of them had negative result (98.1%) and one of them with positive result (1.9%). Type (2) diabetes represent (83.3%) from the total study sample, (99.7%) of them with negative result and (0.8%) of them were positive. One patient from the (317) diabetic participants had a positive history of hepatitis B infection (0.3%).1 : 4 Conclusions : The prevalence rate of hepatitis B in the current study was 0.9%. The detected cases were because of bad prophylaxis against contamination of glucometer needle. Also, dialysis, bad surgical, dental intervention and blood transfusion, were detected as a risk factor in hepatitis B infection in diabetic patient