اسم المؤلف:
دعاء رهيف لهو الزيادي
اسم المشرف:
علي فرحان جواد
المستخلص:
Praise belongs to God, the lord of all being. Blessings and peace be upon the most noble of Messengers, the Prophet Mohammad and on his progeny.Searching in the study of the meaning of the word does not apply unless this word is within a coherent system in a form of a semantic field. It is one of the most important branches of semantics in the modern linguistic studies. It assists to understand the meaning of the word and state its relations and historical development. Therefore, it is among the theories which attract the attention of the researchers, recently, in studying the group of the words that has a similar meaning and put them within a certain linguistic field. The old Arabic scholars identified some of these words but they lack organization and classification and this represented in the method followed by the authors of letters and dictionaries.The proposal of my respected teacher in selecting the title of this thesis concerning the study of " Semantic fields of the sayings of Imam ALI in Al - Kafi by Al - Kulaini (died in 328 - 329 H.) has a positive effect on me as it has a rich Quranic impact, Mohammadi heritage, eloquence, and style as well as the rarity of the linguistic studies in Al - Kafi.I have started studying Alawi texts to extract the vocabularies of IMAM ALI (peace be upon him) in particular to convey the sense to the listener. I have depended on the Al - Kafi by Al - Kulaini to transmit prophetic texts which is corrected and commented by ALI AKBAR AL - GHAFFARI and the Sheikh MOHAMMED AL - AKHWANDI and the introduction, which consists of eight parts, of Dr. HUSSEIN ALI MAHFOODH.After listing and accounting the vocabularies, I have started to develop a plan for the research in a way that meets its nature and I have relied on the analytical descriptive approach. The study has based upon the vocabularies of IMAM ALI stated in AL - KAFI after accounting and distributing them on main fields divided into semantic sets by themes. If their numbers are even, they will be arranged by alphabetic order. There is a method that I have tried to follow which is the study of the word and extract its linguistic (lexical) reference in the old and modern dictionaries, mention its derivation, follow it historically during different linguistic stages (linguistic, era before Islam and Quranic stages) in order to realize its linguistic development or difference. I, however, didn’t findCthis method in some vocabularies (words), i.e. I didn’t find , as far as I know, any pre - Islamic texts or Quranic texts, therefore, I was motivated to know its lexical reference and mention the word reference in the place it is mentioned in and referring to the difference between lexical and text usages.At the end of the research, I have mentioned the most important results which are : 1 - The study has showed in AL - KAFI Book that Sheikh AL - KULAINI realized the idea of semantic fields even if he didn’t give this well - known term. But is was clear and obvious in his distribution of subjects that he dealt with in his book (ascendants and descendants).2 - Imam Ali's opinion about words semantics affected giving his texts a usage dimension concerning each word. The study has stated the purpose of using words in their texts in particular such as specialty, equality, lacking, preference, honoring and transcendence for his high level of eloquence. So, some words such as God, invocation, mosque, and fasting have represented an important factor in structure to form semantics.3 - Imam ALI relied on the argumentation style in using the Imamate words as it has a powerful and effective impact and convince on the text content, especially depending on eloquence means such as metaphor and metonymy.4 - Imam Ali's usage of words in AL - KAFI showed some semantic phenomena such as the phenomenon of semantic development occurred to words during the three stages (lexical, pre - Islamic era, and Islamic era) such as Mecca, Ramadhan, Crescent, mosque, grave - clothes and others, the phenomenon of semantic approaching between Hebrew language and Arabic language in the meaning of the prophets' names such as Ibrahim, Moses, and David where they considered as Islamic names and the phenomenon of semantic specialty in the words of Mohammed, Hajj and others.5 - Depending on studying Imam Ali's speech, it was clear and obvious that his speech parts ranged between imperative, prohibition, emphasis and his attention to linguistic matters representing in linguistic shift and the appearance of number of collocations such as the month of Ramadhan and our father Ibrahim, and the multiplicity of metaphorical items. And it refers to his language competence and the impact of his words on the language composition concerning Alawi texts is deserved to be quoted.6 - Imam Ali's speech has an important effect on Islamic religion. His speech concerning the society categories represented a social theory for rights of individuals (freemen, slave - men) as well as people with disabilities (palsied and crippled).
