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تحليل الفجوة التكنولوجية في بيئة اقتصاد المعرفة : بيئات الاسكوا ESCWA واليورو EURO حالة دراسية == The Technology Gap Analysis In Knowledge Based - Economy (ESCWA & EURO Environments Is A Case Study)

اسم المؤلف: صالح مهدي صاحي البرهان
اسم المشرف: اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان البحث يتمحور حول ابعاد الاقتصاد النوعي عبر تحليل الفجوة التكنولوجية في بيئة اقتصاد المعرفة, بالتركيز على بيئات بلدان منطقتي الاسكوا واليورو كحالة دراسية تطبيقية، مستهدفا محاولة بناء منظور تكنو - اقتصادي جديد يدعم هيكل نظرية الاقتصاد التكنولوجي قيد ال | This research focuses the technology gap analysis in knowledge - based economy. ESCWA and EURO countries are a case study. The main objectives of this research are to build techno - economic perspective, approaching estimation of technological gap, provides paradigm enhancing confidence of decision makers with importance of technological factor for economic development. As well as, this research provides strategic vision is aimed bridging the technology gap between ESCWA and EURO regions during the period of the last twenty years ago. The importance research reflects technological crises factors, development of science and technology indicators is expected to provide policy - makers with abroad information base to assist national development. In addition, building a new perspectives and alternative options. The problem of research is the technology gap as complex and multi - dimension affected package of environmental factors such as economic, technological, political and social. This research based on a particular assumption is the technology gap in knowledge - based economy reflection international technological division of labor between innovated and cited environments, as well as the know - how is the function of education, research and development, innovation, and information and communication technologies. The research depends on meso - approach is including the interaction among deduction and induction logic, micro and macro analysis, positive and normative analysis, in addition benchmarking approach. The structure of research consist of five chapters discuss a conceptual framework, theoretical implications, technology gap perspectives and formatting of technological indicators as well as empirical evidence for estimating the technology gap between ESCWA and EURO countries.This research has conclusion to reflect the theoretical implications and empirical evidence outcomes with related two regions. As well as the research adoption package of recommendations for supporting suggested strategic framework which discuses the role of government, private sector, universities, research centers, civil society institutions and United Nations Agencies.

مقدرات الامكان الاعظم الموزونة الحصينة ومقارنتها مع طرائق اخرى لانموذج اللوجستك مع تطبيق عملي == Robust Weighted Maximum Likelihood Estimates And Their Comparsion With Other Methods of Logistic Model With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: شرين علي حسين
اسم المشرف: نزار مصطفى جواد الصراف
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان معظم الدراسات في موضوع انموذج انحدار اللوجستك تاخذ طابعا اكثر تقدما في عملية التحليل الاحصائي الدقيق الذي يهدف الى الحصول على مقدرات ذات مستوى عال من الكفاءة. وتاتي اهمية الحاجة الى تطبيق الطرائق الحصينة عندما تكون بيانات الظاهرة المدروسة ملوثة , | In most of studies about the logistic regression model take in it's nature more progness in the procedure of acurate statistical analysis which aim getting estimators of a high level of efficiency , and importance of it's necessity to applicate of the robust methods, appears when the data of the studied phenomenon are contaminated , it means some of the observations vareit clearly from other observations called outliers which may produce estimators untrustworthy and so the decision will be false about the problem that we are trying to study it.From this point was the goal of this research in reaching robust estimators to estimate parameters of binary response logistic regression model through study some of theis estimators (method (WMLE) , method( M ) and method (Lp) ) and that by supposing three levels of contamination (0%,10%,30%). Also we use simulation in this study to compete between methods of studied estimator for all levels of the contaminated studies.In this thesis the researcher concluded the success of the method (WMLE (w1)) in estimate parameters of binary response logistic regression model, in comparsion with studied estimate methods by depending on statistical measures : Bias, Mean Square Error for parameters and model.Also the researcher specified a chapter for applying and using method WMLE (w1) on real data of angina pectoris patients which taking from Ibn - al - Nafees hospital for the purpose of estimate parameters of binary logistic regression model.

العلاقة بين هيكل راس المال ومقسوم الارباح واثرهما في لا تماثل المعلومات : دراسة تحليلية == The Relationship Between Capital Structure & Dividend & Theirs Impacts On The Asymmetric Information An Analytical Study

اسم المؤلف: شذى عبد الحسين جبر علي الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: عبد الرضا شفيق خليل البصري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • : نظرية الالتقاط
  • الهرمية في التمويل
  • التغير بالمقسوم، لا تماثل المعلومات
  • الاختيار المعاكس
  • العوائد غير الاعتيادية
  • نظرية الاشارة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى تحليل واختبار العلاقة بين قرارات هيكل راس المال وقرارات مقسوم الارباح وتحديد فيما كانت قرارات هيكل راس المال ومقسوم الارباح المتخذة في ضوء الميزة المعلوماتية للادارة تحقق عوائد غير اعتيادية لا يمكن ان يحققها المستثمرون في السوق، وعينة ال | This study aims to analyze and test the relationship between capital structure decisions and dividend decisions besides determining whether the decisions of capital structure and dividend that are taken according to the information merit for management achieve the unusual returns in which are not possible to be achieved by investors in the market., The Sample 15 electronic companies that made indicator (S&P(500)) in New York Stock market at the period (1998 - 2007)the study used quantities measurement to measure dependent variables The pecking order theory has been chosen in funding capital structure because it runs from exactions of asymmetric information theory, besides it works good in case of the asymmetric information rise between management and investors, on contrary, the companies do not follow pecking order when it goes down, also the change in dividend was used because the change in the dividend rates gives sign to investors about asymmetric information besides the importance of dividend decisions in determining capital structure , and abnormal returns for independent variable (Asymmetric Information) The study reached to the following most important conclusions : 1. The depression of dividend rates in the companies due to the existence of investment chances needs fund and improving its cash.2. The companies do not apply pecking in financing their capitals, and the results of asymmetric information analysis came congruent. The results confirmed the depression in asymmetric information between management and investors. almost companies didn’t make abnormal returns , on contrary the expected return excess the actual return.

مقارنة بعض اختبارات ملاءمة نماذج السلاسل الزمنية ذات الرتب الدنيا باستخدام المحاكاة == Comparison of Some Diagnostic Checking Tests For Time Series Models With Low Order By Using Simulation

اسم المؤلف: سهاد احمد احمد
اسم المشرف: احلام احمد جمعة
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان دراسة السلسلة الزمنية تتطلب دقة في وصف ملامح الظاهرة (العملية) التي تتولد منها، سواء من حيث تفسير طبيعة تلك الظاهرة وسلوكها واستخدام النتائج للتنبوء بسلوكها في المستقبل اخذين بنظرالعناية التحقق عما يمكن حدوثه عند تغيير بعض معلمات الانموذج. ويمكن استخ | Studying time series requires an accurate description for the features of phenomena (procedure) that generates time series according to its nature and behavior interpretation. After that, we can use these results for forecasting to the future taking under consideration : examine to what would happen after changing some of the model parameters, use the standard (depended) methods for testing the accuracy of the identified model which has ability for taking errors in the procedure, and provide balancing condition between model diagnosing and simplicity as well as. This research aims to use some of tests concern with diagnosing of the identified model, and make comparisons among these tests meanwhile. The researcher took some of tests, especially, the modern ones, represented by Dm test which depends on partial autocorrelation function, and which depends on autocorrelation function. We use ARMA models with lower order : [AR (1), MA (1), ARMA (1,1)] that Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, we use the tests concern with linear hypothesis diagnosing for the previous three models, represented by squaring the model errors. We use also, the modified tests in this field. In addition, we use some of nonlinear models, as "Threshold" model, and taking self - exciting threshold autoregressive (SETAR) as a special case. The analysis of time series considered time range under model stationary. Methodology of the research depends on both the theoretical part (Statistical theory usage), and the empirical part (Simulation). The structure of the research has mainly based on four chapters as follow : chapter ONE, consists an introduction, the goal of the research and the historical literature. While chapter TWO, covers the statistical methods that take part describing and modeling the time series, as well as explain the main concepts of time series such as "Stationary". We show also, the "mixed" model with lower order, crossing to examining the diagnosing through some of the standard and modern tests which depends on autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions of the standardized residual series that obtained from the original series of the model, by testing the randomization of the model errors and make checking for its convenience and accuracy. Furthermore, we use the modified tests : ( , , )and (Kwan & Sim) test represented by ( , , ) to determine the linear hypothesis diagnosing by compute the standardized residual series squares of the error in the previous three models that mentioned above. We use nonlinear model (SETAR) as well as. Chapter THREE, devoted for the empirical part which contains illustrations to all of what mentioned in chapter two. The researcher has designed some of experiments for purpose of comparing the (standard, modern and modified) tests through computing (P - value) for each model at (0.01) significant level at many simulated parameters, with different sample sizes, and for a number of periods of lags at each sample size, by replicating the experiment (1000) times. Finally, chapter FOUR comprises the conclusions and suggestions that the researcher had recommended

مقارنة بعض الطرائق اللبية في تقدير نماذج الانحدار اللامعلمي بوجود بيانات تامة وغير تامة == A Comparison of Some Estimation Methods For Kernel Models In Complete And Incomplete Data

اسم المؤلف: سعد كاظم حمزة
اسم المشرف: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار | مناف يوسف
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان استخدام النماذج المعلمية يتطلب العديد من الشروط الاولية التي يجب توافرها لكي تكون قراءة هذه النماذج قراءة صحيحة كما تتطلب وجود بيانات من النوع الكمي الامر الذي دفع الباحثون الى البحث عن نماذج اقل صرامة من النماذج المعلمية وتمثلت هذه النماذج بالنماذج ال | Using of parametric models require a number of preliminary conditions that should be available to make the reading of these models right as well as the presence of quantitative data which motivated the researchers to search for models with lesser terms than the parametric models represented by nonparametric models. One of nonparametric methods important for estimating nonparametric regression function known as (kernel estimation) to be used for estimating any statistical function which is (smooth estimator) free of disorders modifying the observations and approximating estimated regression function to real nonparametric regression function. Hence, the researcher showed some kernel methods to estimate the nonparametric regression function in both cases complete data (FNW, FLLS, VNW, VLLS) and incomplete data (FSNW, VSNW, FINW, VINW, FSLLS, VSLLS, FILLS, VILLS) and compared them through the simulation method as well as using different models and different sizes of samples and variants. From noticing the simulation results, it was shown that the best smoother was (FLLS) by using the first model, while by using the second model, it was shown that the best smoother was (VLLS) and in the third model was (VNW). In case of incomplete data, the best smoother was (VSLLS) by using the first and second models while by using the third model, the best smoother was (VSNW)

مقدرات بيز لدالة المعولية الضبابية للتوزيع الاسي باستخدام المحاكاة مع تطبيقها على الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية == The Fuzzy Reliability Function Bayes Estimators For Exponential Distribution Using The Simulation With It Is Application On The State Company For Elictrical Industeries

اسم المؤلف: زينة ياوز عبد القادر اوجي
اسم المشرف: عماد حازم عبودي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يدرس البحث الضبابية والتي مفهومها ان كل قيمة تقع ضمن فترة معينة،ونعتمد في تحديد حدود هذه الفترة على الخبرات السابقة حول موضوع الظاهرة المدروسة.وفي بعض الاحيان يصعب تحديد هذه الفترة ونتعامل مع القيمة الضبابية وما حولها من القيم القريبة دون الاعتماد على ا | This paper concerned with studying the fuzzy which means that each value is within specific period and to determinate the limits of this period depends on previous expertises about the studies phenomena subject.Some times it is difficult to determine this stage or period ,in this case we deal with the fuzzy values and other proximate ones without depending on previous expertises ,because they are not available or because of te differences in points of researches,view about the determination of minimum and maxmum restriction for there values.Through this research we will treat fuzzy lifetime data that each value does not have minimum and maximum limitation which enable us to appoint the sutable belonging degrees but all lifetime data have minimum restriction which represent the begininning life time , and maximum one that represents the end of lifetime And by using membership function of Ching to determing a membership function for those data , This paper discussed two procedures to estimate the fuzzy reliability ,Bayes procedure that includes the following : 1 - Sample data are fuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes an unfuzzy parameter.2 - Sample data are unfuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes an unfuzzy parameter. 3 - Sample data are fuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes a fuzzy parameter. 4 - Sample data are unfuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes an unfuzzy parameter And FRDP (Fuzzy Reliability Definition Procedure) that uses component trapezium method,to find numerical integration ,by using the Exponential distribution form for sample data,and Gama distribution for the prier distribution for the parameter of Exponential distribution ,and four value for sample size.And depending on the results that have been conducted in the experimental side ,it is shown that bayes is the best in estimating the fuzzy reliability when the fuzzy sample data have membership degree equal to 0.1for samples of small sizes. When the failure times average value is bigger than one ,so Bayes is the best in estimating the fuzzy reliability for small samples sizes,and FRDP is the best in estimating the fuzzy reliability for sizes of big samples The data which have been taken from the state company for electrical industries of foundation machine Toshiba are used as well after bayes method and FRDP method are applied to estimate the fuzzy reliability,it is noticed that results of both the applied and experimental side are th

دراسة تحليلية لتصاميم تجارب القطع المنشقة SPED والقطاعات المنشقة SBED مع تطبيق عملي == Analytic Study For Split Plot Experimental Design (SPED) And Split Block Experimental Design (SBED) With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: زينب فالح حمزة
اسم المشرف: كمال علوان خلف المشهداني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان فكرة القطع المنشقة كانت قد وجدت لتضيف الى مزايا ومواصفات التجارب العاملية فوائد تطبيقية تصب في تركيز وتحسين دقة واهمية دراسة تاثيرات العوامل والتفاعلات بينها كونها تحوي اكثر من مصدر للخطا العشوائي ونظرا لما نالته هذه الفكرة من توسع واضافات كثيرة في الج | The idea of split - plot had been found to add to the advantages of factorial experiments and specification of practical interest is in the focus and improving the accuracy and the importance of studying the effects of factors and interactions between them. they contain more than one source of random error because of the indiscriminate earned by the idea of expansion and additions in many theoretical and practical contribution to the diversity and evolution with approved design and since we have observed that the practical uses in our country , though many of it's but limited to the adoption of the idea of split - plot design or split - split only, and purpose of contributing to clarify and depend the understanding and importance in the practical aspects of these additions which has focused the aim of this research (thesis) to provide in depth analytical study of some of the designs , practiculary designs of split - plot and desins of split - Block and what could be concluded from the ideas of the designs that has practical benefits , especially in the agricultural field was taken as the theoretical aspects (models , plans , analysis ) to design of ,split - plots , split - plots systematic arrangement whole plots, split - plot in time & and analysis of Covariance and the design of split - Blokes and the designs of split - split plots & the design of combination between split - plots & split Block then the practical application had been don using The experiments in agricultural (including rice crop ,and crop of peas) Resulted modern & variety data for the year 2008 in the rice research station in Mashkhab in ALnajaf governorate in addition to data for chick pea crop obtained from the station of Rabiaa where the data were analyzed using (SAS - stetictical analysis system). the results of analysis showed that the variety Anbar 33 is the best compared to other varieties for rice crop , and the age 27 day is the best compared to other ages. The designs that have not been able to conducted, which is also not present previously in our country has been adopting the idea of simulation usin visual basic Program, as shown in the appendices ( program 1,2) done by the researcher deals the design of combination between the split _ plots and split Blocks compare it with _the design split _split plot - and the program no(2) that concerned designing split Blocks. The analysis Results for both designs performed to be used in agricultural experiment as it provides high accuracy.

اهمية ومتطلبات الاصلاح المصرفي في التنمية مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == The Importance of Requirements of Banking Reform In Development With Special Indication To Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زياد جواد لفتة الفيصل
اسم المشرف: جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study shed a light on the relationship between reformation process and economic development and the consequences that affects the potential affects on economical development process through the main role of banking sector in providing the necessaryfinancial finance for investment operations in its different types whether production or service with special consideration to Iraq where this research titled (The importance of Requirements of Banking Reform in Development with special indication to Iraq)has emerged, so, the research deals with the study of the relationship of banking reforms and its potential affects on the development thorough the factor of Banking finance.The problem of the research represented by the fact that many countries including Iraq did not reach to the stability even to the organizational and framework levels in spite the fact that most of developing countries have early start of banking activitiesparticularly Iraq. The nature of Iraqi economy makes the banking activities can not keep up with the development of political and economical events and unable to meet the needs of economical development that we seek.The hypothesis of the research includes the activation of the role of banking system which depends on banking reforms which should overcome the forms and instruments of conventional works followed by Iraqi banking system, the we can reach the possibilityof promote the banking reality which can serve the economical development in this country in very best way.As for the methodology of the research, the research divided into three chapters, the first one deals with some economical relationships and concepts related to banking reform, and the second chapter deals with the role of some International economical andfinancial institutions in economical and banking reforms, and the third chapter dealt with Iraqi matter as for the economical and banking reforms and their role in transforming the economical developments.The result of the research comp up with the fact that the hypothesis of the research could not be achieved because the all banking reforms did not come up with positive results which can greatly affect the funding transformation and on the country accordingly.

العولمة الاقتصادية وتاثيرها في اسواق العمل مع التركيز على البطالة في دول مختارة : مصر والاردن حالة دراسية

اسم المؤلف: زهير حامد سلمان السعدون الزيدي
اسم المشرف: ايمان عبد خضير الغريباوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر احلال النقد الاجنبي في فاعلية السياسة النقدية : دراسة لتجارب بلدان نامية مختارة للمدة (1991 - 2006) مصر، العراق == Affect of Foreign Money - Substitution In Effectiveness of The Monetary Policy , Study of Selected Developing Countries For (1991 - 2006) Egypt And Iraq

اسم المؤلف: رجاء عزيز بندر العقيدي
اسم المشرف: ابراهيم موسى الورد | مظهر محمد صالح
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبنت عدد من البلدان الناميه والاقتصادات الانتقاليه في السنوات الاخيرة العمله الاجنبيه ( مثل الدولار الامريكي او غيره من العملات الاحتياطيه )، واصبحت تلك العملات في بلدان اخرى شبه رسميه او يسمح للعملات الاجنبيه بالتداول جنبا الى جنب العمله المحليه اي الا | Number of the developing and transitional countries have been adopted , in the recent years , the foreign currency to do the function of money in the domistic economy ( such as , us Dollar or other reserve currencies ).These currencies became semi - official unit of exchange in other countries , or it was allowed to such foreign currencies to circulate , side by side , with the local currency , i.e. ,to allowed the local use of foreign currency to make the transactions ( currency substitution).This phenomenon appeared due to unstable economic conditions , including these accompanied with hyper inflation.In the wake of financial liberalization , these economies have opened their financial markets to gain an enormous inflow of foreign capital giving the residents the opportunity to get the foreign assets instead of the local assets for the purpose of risk diversification or what is called ( assets substitution ) for wealth keeping.This phenomenon has posed some challenges against the economic polices , including monetary policy for it bargins on monetary independence.The main objectives of the study are to interpret why some economies use the foreign currency instead of the local currency to make transactions or to store values in the national economy , as well as analysize the full dollarization or part dollarization effect as a monetary system , in which US dollar or any foreign currency replaces the local currency to achieve the monetary policy effectiveness.The hypothesis of our study can be summarized as follows : 1. Dollarization is a result of the financial liberalization , it is a situation of deviation in the monetary equilibrium of macroeconomics , leading to the correlation financial liberalization and the recent trends of monetary policy based on the indirect means.2. Dollarization ,as a feature of the financial liberalization , poses challenges against monetary policy , which exposes it to currency crisis in countries suffering insufficient financial markets and weak local currency.To test this hypothesis and achieve the study's objectives , this study divided into four chapters.Chapter One deals with Dollarlization : The historical and theoretical roots.Chapter Two explains monetary policy effectiveness , and Factors influencing it under the financial liberalization.Chapter Three offers reflections of Dollarlization in monetary policy efficiency. While Chapter Four specialized with analysis and measurement the causal relation between the economic disequilibrium ( imbalance ) indicators and Dollarlization measurement indicator for both Egyptian and Iraqi economy for (1991 - 2006 ).The study ends with some conclusions and recommendations. The most important of conclusions are : 1. The causal relation trend from the economic imbalance indicators to Dollarlization measurement indicator for Egyptian economy , as well as the economic imbalance indicator for Iraqi economy.2. Under an environment of currency subistitution , the policy of making the exchange rate as a tool to fix the inflationary expectations , is efficient in De - Dollarlization , in spite of the cost of this policy in the field of lower Central Bank reserves and / or extra burden on public expenditures.While the most important recommendations are : 1. To reduce Dollarlization and its risks , it is necessary to have dual approach , i.e. , it discourages the use of foreign currency and promotes the attractiveness of local currency as a mean of intermediation.2. Economic stability is an important aim to remove Dollarlization , but it might not be enough to reverse it (De - Dollarlization ). So , it requires other procedures , such as liberalization of local interest rate , establishment of a competitive payments system using local currency , and development of local Financial tools , those are also steps that can help the De - Dollarlization phenomena

تقويم اداء مراكز المسؤولية باستعمال اساس الانشطة : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة لصناعة الزيوت النباتية (مصنع المامون)

اسم المؤلف: خضير مجيد علاوي
اسم المشرف: جليلة عيدان حليحل الذهبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The performance evaluation regarded very important process because of the management's need to the periodical & continues evaluation for its different activities, especially they face many problems in using it's recourses in an active & efficient manner.The responsibility accounting system had been used as a result for the development in economic environment as a tool for control & performance evaluation.so in order to achieve its objectives the responsibility accounting system must depend upon a modern accounting system in evaluating responsibility centers.This research aims to show deficits sides in evaluating responsibility centers beside improving the methods & techniques of performance evaluation by using activities base, depending on ABC & ABM information, by applying & testing in the general company for the vegetables industry (ALmaamoon factory).This research consists five chapters : The first chapters had allocated to show the research methodology & the previous studies through its two sections.The second chapter had allocated as an introduce to performance evaluation of responsibility centers through its three.The third chapter had deal with activities base & performance evaluation of responsibility centers through its three sections.The fourth chapter had allocated to the practical side through its three sections.Finally the fifth chapter summarized the major conclusions and presented some recommendations that relate to the study aria through its two sections

واقع التنويع الاقتصادي ومتطلباته في ظل سياسات التحول في العراق للمدة 1970 - 2008 == Reality of Economical Variety And Its Requirements In Change Politics In Iraq During (1970 - 2008)

اسم المؤلف: خالد جميل كامل
اسم المشرف: مانع حبش الطعمة
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The issue of multisource of income is considered to be very important in developing countries especially in Iraq and Arab countries, where the economical strategies used in those countries failed to achieve this goal as it failed to create national economy core able to steadily survive and grow up for long time. The Iraqi experiment shows that its economy fully depends on its oil revenues in treating all existing problems whether it is social, economic or political problems. Consequently , instead of developing and increase economical sectors which will prepare the country gradually to be self - dependent regardless of depleted oil wealth, they (i.e.developing countries) involved in polices and measures that led to exhaust most available energies and turn away from productive sectors, so it is not only failed to create new productive activity but they cause to make all existing traditional activities to be stumbled in those countries such agricultural and trade sectors and othersin addition to aggravate the imbalance framework like high rate of employment in governmental sector.Therefore, multisource is very necessary and urgent in Iraq which coincide with the increasing demand on oil economically which it is very important to find substitutions that can redeveloped and able to reduce the dependence on oil revenues influence on Iraqi economy and then create real wealth that capable to be durable and face external crisis which national economy may subject to as what happen by the end of 2008.To achieve this goal, we should reconsider the measures and strategies acted by Iraqi government in past years after it has become obvious that those strategies unable to improve the economical performance and the welfare of the society in spite of all potentials of which the oil resources make it possible to happen. All that should accompany by creating national strategy which determine the basic priorities in the field of reform and economical variety work side by side with required will to achieve this goal. Thus these, two conditions (the transparency of strategy and willingness availability) considered to be very important otherwise all efforts seek to diverse the production resources and increase revenue sources will be obviously failed.

العلاقة بين الابداع والتغير التنظيميين وتاثيرهما في فاعلية المنظمة : دراسة تطبيقية لاراء المديرين في شركتي المنصور وابن سينا العامتين == The Relationship Between The Organizational Innovation And The Organizational Change And Their Effects On The Organizations Effectiveness (A Poll Study For A Sample of Ministry of Industry Companies

اسم المؤلف: حميد علي احمد الملا
اسم المشرف: صبيحة قاسم هاشم الاعرجي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت هذه الدراسة موضوع العلاقة بين الابداع التنظيمي والتغير التنظيمي وتاثيرهما في فاعلية المنظمات. ولقد اختبرت الدراسة في القطاع الصناعي ممثلا بشركة المنصور العامة وشركة ابن سينا العامة احدى تشكيلات وزارة الصناعة والمعادن. وطبقت الدراسة على عينة مكونة | This study has taken into consideration the subject of the relationship between the organizational innovation and the organizational change and their effects on the organizations effectiveness. The study has been tested in industrial sector represented by two major companies related to Ministry of Industry in Iraq. The first company was State Al - Mansour Company , The second one was State Ibn Sina Company. The study was applied on a sample of (140) managers distributable among many managerial levels members of ( board of directors, general managers or delegated managers, department managers, division managers, and unit and office managers ). The study has used the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting the data, and information in addition to the personal interviews and some annual reports related to companies. The study has tried to test a number of major and minor hypotheses related to the relation and regression among the variables of the study, and the differences among the companies in the main variable of the study for the purpose of answering all the questions related to the problem of the study and reaching the established objectives. For the purpose of processing the data and the information related to the study the researcher has used tested by non - parametric statistical tools as : Mediator, Scope, False limit factor and Regression. The study has reached to several conclusions, such the availability of the main three variables in a high level in the all companies under consideration, the availability of significant correlation among them, and significant effect for each of the organizational innovation and organizational change in the organizational effectiveness. And these results came appropriate with the hypotheses related to this aspect. The researcher has presented a number of recommendations, such as the necessity of encouraging and building organizational innovation by the companies managements and applying that in their different policies and programs related to the human resources. In addition to that, it is necessary to adopt the organizational change culture and training the managers on its skills and traits. Farther more, the necessary of the dependence of companies in executing its operations and the treatments with their customers, market, and on the standards and indicators that a achieve the effectiveness and success in their functions in different means and techniques.

الاوراق المالية الاسلامية بين النظرية والتطبيق == Islamic Securities Between The Theory And Practice

اسم المؤلف: حسين علي هاشم اللعيبي
اسم المشرف: اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ndirect investment with securities in the international bourses is developed upon merging the globalism and the wide range of communication revolution making this world like a little mini village, but handling the securities under the law made by mancontrolling the economic movement according to the capitalism eventually is in contrary with the rules of the Islamic forgiveness legalization advices us to avoid selling through corruption things, those harming the community or prohibited for itself nature and itsnegative effects on its taker as to it is interested with producing and merchandise alcohols, drugs , or pork flush etc. of unethical services or those dealing with usuries which is sale the debts which is a prohibited or aleatory contracts or gambling sales' forms and then Islamic Economical Thought now passing a parturition and coming to a point where the outcome providing types of Islamic tools and securities which may an alternative of the economical law made by the man.This thesis is interested to separate the right one from others this from and showing its correlation with the economical theorem and the scientific concepts serving the economical development , First chapter argues the matters of comparative and distinguishingbetween these two types in regards to the theoretical part arguing the theories of concerned capital interest price related with the securities in the capitalism economical though and then discussing the principles of Islamic economics and the prohibited sales as per the Islamic legalization whole the second chapter argued the economical inclusion of it attempting to find its relation with the theories of production, distribution and handling as well as the methods of filling the saving and financing investments eitherdirectly or indirectly. Third chapter concerned with issuance such these securities in the real world in the states and is different in the financial institutions , banks, investment funds and incorporations , also the economical principles of fiscal , monatory and development policiesbenefiting from such these applications. While fourth chapter is dictated to show modernized methods to produce such these securities called Islamic Financial Engineering followed by the conclusion of the researcher to produce new products in relevantwith developments need and application. Consequently, the researcher concluded the most important results and recommendations in this regards through which it is notice the realization possibility of verification from the target hypothesis or not!.

واقع الخصخصة في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة 1987 - 2005 ومستقبلها في ظل استراتيجيه التنمية الوطنية

اسم المؤلف: تغريد قاسم محمد ابو تراب
اسم المشرف: شعبان صدام منشد الامارة
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Iraqi economy Suffering , as an economy of the developing countries, from many economy problems which appeared as an imbalance in production structure, drastic of its debts and failure of its development actions. This status proving the public institutions failure in managing the resources. That of course causing in wasting there resources and hindering the development process.After the year 2003 ,Iraq has seen dramatic change. Therefore, a great transforming has seen in Iraq and new derivations appeared in all economic, social and politic fields. In to adoptee developing strategy depending on the market mechanism that means going to ward a doling privatization policy from many alternatives of the economic area in Iraq , in order to rebuild. The economy the study , therefore , depending on a hypothesis saying that " using the privatization policy and allowing the private sector to become as effective partner in the economic activity , will be led to improve the the performance of national economy and develop it"

واقع اداء صناعة النقل البحري في دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي والعراق : دراسة مقارنة == The Real Performance of Maritime Transport Industry In G.C.C. A And Iraq (A Comparative Study)

اسم المؤلف: بان علي حسين المشهداني
اسم المشرف: فاضل جمعة جبر العقابي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التحليل البيزي لنماذج الانحدار الخاصة بالبيانات المزدوجة (panel data) == Bayesian Analysis For Regression Panel Data Models

اسم المؤلف: باسم شليبه مسلم عباس القيسي
اسم المشرف: اموري هادي كاظم الحسناوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد البيانات الاحصائية ضرورية عند دراسة اغلب ظواهر المجتمع ومنها الظواهر الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والنفسية الخ كون تحليل تللك البيانات باستخدام الاساليب الاحصائية توفر للباحث او متخذ القرار حول الظاهرة المدروسة قاعدة من المعلومات الضرورية لتسهيل عملية اتخاذ | The statistic data is important to study most of phenomena as economical , social , psychological phenomena..etc. The analysis of this data via the statistical methods gives the researcher or the decision maker more information about the studied phenomenon to make the suitable decision. The data availability needs to limit a mathematic model which represents them by the researcher and to put in consideration the type of the available data. One of the these data is panel data which can be defined ( that they are repeated measurements to the studied phenomena for N from the cross section and for T from the time series ) which can be represented by one of the model ( fixed effect model or random effect model ).Most of the studies exposed estimation of the chosen model parameters by using the classical methods as GLS and FGLS methods , whereas this research touches on the Bayesian methods to estimate parameters , especial regressive model (panel data) ,depending on the priors distributions ( non informative prior dist. and conjunct prior dist. ) and to compare them with ML method to chose the best ones for estimation and choosing.After doing two practical applications in the research ,we obtained findings. ML method was the most significant for estimating the model parameters for the fixed effect model and pooling model. Bayes method which depends on non informative prior distribution , got the second grade.When using Bayes method depending on prior distribution used in the research to estimate the fixed model parameters when the cross sections number are little to get multivariate - t posterior distribution , and if it is used with random effect model we get multivariate normal after making asymptotic expansion with existing of a loss function of the weighed squired error.

مدى التزام مراقبي الحسابات بقواعد السلوك المهني واثره على جودة اداء المهنة

اسم المؤلف: الهام محمد واثق
اسم المشرف: جليلة عيدان حليحل الذهبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة قواعد السلوك المهني المحلية والدولية ومدى التزام مراقبي الحسابات بها فضلا عن معرفة وتحديد المؤثرات الخارجية والداخلية على هذا الالتزام ومدى تاثيره على جودة الاداء المهني في العراق.استند البحث على فرضية رئيسة مفادها ان ال

الضرورة والركائز الاساسية للانتقال من الاسلوب المخطط الى الاسلوب التلقائي للنمو : العراق حالة دراسية

اسم المؤلف: احمد عبد الله سلمان الوائلي
اسم المشرف: ميسر قاسم محمد غزال
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اضحت ظاهرة التحول الى اقتصاد السوق مثار جدل كبير على المسرح الاقتصادي العالمي،فقد اتجهت اليها الدول الاشتراكيه السابقة بعد انهيار منظومتها في بداية تسعينات القرن الماضي واتبعت تلك الدول الوصفات المقدمه اليها من المنظمات الداعية للتحول (الصندوق والبنك الدو

سياسات الاصلاح الاقتصادي وانعكاساتها على التنمية البشرية : دراسة لبلدان مختارة == Policies of Economic Reform And Reflections On The Human Development : Study To Chosen Counties

اسم المؤلف: ابتسام علي حسين العزاوي
اسم المشرف: فوزي حسين محمد الحديثي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر تغيرات اسعار النفط الخام على بعض المؤشرات الاقتصادية الكلية للاقطار العربية الاعضاء في منظمة (اوبك) للمدة (2007 - 1990) == The Effect of Changes In Crude Oil Prices On Some Macroeconomic Indicators For The Arab Countries Members of (Opec) For The Period (1990 - 2007)

اسم المؤلف: وسام حسين علي حسين الدليمي
اسم المشرف: علي احمد درج درويش الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان اعتماد اغلب الاقطار العربية النفطية على سلعة النفط الخام وعوائدها باعتبارها سلعة اساسية لتمويل برامجها التنموية، جعل اقتصادات هذه الاقطار عرضة للتقلبات التي تشهدها اسعار النفط الخام، وتاثيرها في اداء الاقتصاد الكلي لهذه الاقطار. وتبرز اهمية الدراسة | The adoption of most Arab countries on oil and crude oil revenues as a key to financing their development programs , thes has made these economies vulnerable to fluctuation in crude oil prices and their impact on macroeconomic performance. Based on the the importance of research through the analysis of the relationship between changes in oil prices and the performance of some macroeconomic indictators and the corresponding directions in the analysis and the cloth of the economic theory , The aim involves the constriction of path ways between the theoretical changes in crude prices and the impact of these changes in some macroeconomic indicators , The research hypothesis is the existence of a positive a relationship between changes in crude oil prices and some macroeconomic indicators.The research inclouded a theoretical and quantitative analysis of the relationship between crude oil prices and macroeconomic indicators of some Arab countries members of the (OPEC) for the period (1990 - 2007).The results of economic analysis showed there is a positive impact of changes in crude oil prices on gorse demostic product, public spending , exports and imports in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates , Qatar , Kiewit , Jazzier and Libya.

النقود والسياسة النقدية في الاقتصاد الاسلامي : تجربة السودان انموذجا == Money And The Monetary Policy In The Islamic (Sudani Experiment As A Model)

اسم المؤلف: محمود عبيد صالح عليوي السبهاني
اسم المشرف: سعيد علي محمد العبيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد النقود الاداة الفعالة التي تقدم للمجتمع بصورة عامة والفرد بصورة خاصة منافع عظيمة لذلك لها اهمية كبيرة في الدراسات الاقتصادية بصفتها اداة للتبادل ومخزنا للقيمة ومعيارا عاما لقياس اقيام السلع والخدمات، اذ ان النقود تكون اثمان للمبيعات وقيما للا | Money is the active tool that provides the society at large and the individual in particular with greet benefits.Thus, it is of great significance in economical studies as it rep resents the means of exchange, storage value and a general criterion to measure the prices of commode ities and services.business and the wage for efforts.The use of Money in any exchange process must be through the transfer of goods and services, because the reverse of this process will lead to default in the economic stability. This would contribute in to constituting crisis and economical problems such as the monetary crisis that hit the capital states and prevailed on to other states. therefore, these states resorted to decreasing the benefit rates into less than 1%. The importance of money in the Islamic economy appears in the Holy Quranic verses ,prophet sunna and the opinions Muslims cholars and experts in this con cern.The Monetary policy means the procedures and procedures and instruments used by the central bank ,as it represents the supreme monetary authority capable of effecting money supply or money liquidity. The solve economic problems such as inflation and recession. The can be accomplished according to the need of the prevailing situation in the economy.in case of inflation ,the central bank adopts as shrinking monetary policy solely aiming of dealing with the case in which the monetary flow would be greater that the commodity flow. in case of recession. It adopts ao expansion policy with the main goal to handle the case in which the real commodity flow will be greatr than the monetary flow.The central bank makes these changes to achieve the economic goals represent by the monetary and economic stability.stability in prices and to maintain an equilibrium in the balance of payments. as will as optimum use of economic resurces and economic development.The monetary policy in the Islamic Economy plays the same role as is the case in the posilive economy.the only difference is that the Islamic economy. Excludes usury and replaces the tools of the Islamic monetary police because the Islamic economy is based on prohibiting interest and replacing the sharing principle in loss profit instead of the guaranteed profit in all commercial, funding and economic processes.Three states namely Pakistan, Iran and sudan. Islamicized their monetary system. the sudani experiments is asuccessful, pioneering and ambitious notion that has attracted some economists through the replacement pf the Islamic Banking system and harmonizing it with the rules of Islamic sharia. It started working on this system in 1984. The Sudani Bank issued adecree notifying all banks of the intent to transfer in to the dealings in accordance with the Islamic forms.

تحركات سعر الصرف الحقيقي في ظل تحرير التجارة في دول عربية مختارة للمدة (1984 - 2006)

اسم المؤلف: ليلى بديوي خضير مطوق
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جليل عبد الحسن الغالبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

تحديد المحفظة الاستثماريه المثلى في سوق الاسهم السعودي باستخدام البرمجة التربيعية للمدة 2002 - 2007 == Determining Optimal Investment Portfolio In Saudian Stock Market By Using Quadratic Programming During The Period 2002 - 2007

اسم المؤلف: علي راضي محيسن علي الدليمي
اسم المشرف: خيري خليل سليم رميض الساطوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد اسلوب البرمجة الخطية من اكثر الاساليب الرياضية المستخدمه في مجال اتخاذ القرارات التي تهدف الى الاستخدام الامثل للموارد المتاحة لتحقيق الاهداف المطلوبة ولكن يعاب على مثل هذه النماذج الخطية تجاهلها لظروف المخاطرة التي طالما ترافق عملية اتخاذ القرار لتحد | Linear programming approach is the most mathematical methods used in the decision - making, which aims to make the best use of available resources to achieve the required goals, but shame on such linear models to ignore the circumstances of the risk associated with decision - making process to determine the optimum combination, Markowitze have been developed a model linear programming to the quadratic programming model, which is the structural framework or evolutionary analysis of risk.As the decision maker can choose between return and risk on portfolios on the basis of the amount of expected return and the level of risk contained in each portfolio, and this model is the minimization of risk for efficient portfolios with an return below a certain level of risk. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal portfolio in the Saudi stock market, by employing the quadratic programming approach as one of the methods to measure the relationship between risk and return. Which have given great attention by investors in the financial field. Therefore, this study has included five chapters : the first chapter included the research methodology and previous studies, while the second chapter discusses the theoretical framework, which included three sections, where the first section, referred to the concept of risk and return on investment Financial, while the second section dealt with the theory of optimal investment portfolio, and the third section, addressed to the theoretical framework for quadratic programming model, Chapter three divided into three sections, the first section has singled out, the financial market concept and division, while the second section, have included historical record of Saudi Arabia market stock, while the third section included the analysis of Saudi stock market data , and the fourth chapter are interested in Practical aspects of the study through the formulation and solving quadratic programming model, where the first section, was interested in the formulation and solve the quadratic programming for portfolio model , the second topic dealt with the sensitivity analysis of the results derived, Finally, Chapter five dealt with conclusions and recommendations, The results have been showed research hypotheses, which states that the use of quantitative mathematical methods lead to efficient optimization. and Investment diversification in the companies of Saudi stock market will lead to reduce risk and achieve reasonable returns, and there is a direct positive correlation between return and risk in the Saudi stock market according to non - linear function (quadratic). The quadratic programming model were used to determine the risk and return of portfolio the analysis and measurement concluded to determine the optimal portfolio in the Saudi stock market, from results, we find that The investors is employing 25% of its assets in shares of Bank of Aljazira, 16.2709% in the shares of Saudi Investment Bank, 4.8584% in the shares of Omantien Company of Saudi Arabia, 25% in shares National Company for manufacturing and metal foundries, 3.8708% in the shares of Alemraai Company, 25% in the shares of Qassim Cement Company. And he does not employ anything from money in Riyadh Bank, Saudi British Bank, Samba Financial Group, Saudi hotels Company, real estate company in Saudi Arabia, Saudi Public Transport Company, Riyadh Reconstruction Company, Ahmed Hassan Fitaihi and its partners, Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company, a manufacturer of materials packaging, Zamil Industrial Investment Company, Yamama Saudi Cement Co. Ltd., Cement Company Saudi Yanbu Cement Company, Eastern Province Cement Company, National Company for Agricultural Development, Qassim Agricultural Company, Bisha Agricultural Development, so that he can achieve the desired return of 15% on stocks acquired from banks and companies referred to. Note that the portfolio achieved a variance of 0.0547% $ and this means that the standard deviation equal to 2.3%. In addition to giving an opportunity for the investor to choose the best portfolio in his Opinion.

الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر ومستقبل الصناعـة النفطية في العراق : دراسة تحليلية == Foreign Direct Investment And The Future of The Oil Industry In Iraq : Analytical Study

اسم المؤلف: بلال عبد الحق عبد الكريم التكريتي
اسم المشرف: عبد المجيد شهاب احمد التكريتي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هذا البحث يتعلق بكيفية اختيار نمط الاستثمار المناسب لتطوير الصناعة النفطية في العراق، اذ تعرض القطاع النفطي فيه خلال عقد الثمانينات والتسعينات والعقد الاول من القرن الواحد والعشرين الى اضرار كبيرة لحقت به جراء الحروب والحصار واخرها الاحتلال اعاقت من مسي | This research on how to choose a style appropriate investment for the development of Iraq's oil industry, offering the oil sector during the eighties and nineties and the first decade of the twenty - first century of major damage sustained by the wars and
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