اسم المؤلف:
امجد حامد جلوب محمد
اسم المشرف:
عبد علي كاظم المعموري
المستخلص:
China's current penetration in Africa is unprecedented in its intensity and its consequences, which gave central importance when discussing international relations, Africa, and if we take into account the competition of major Western powers led by the United States to gain influence and control in Africa is quite clear that we are about new colonial process, compared to those in the African continent at the end of the nineteenth century, which ended with division of Africa in the Berlin Conference in 1884 - 1885.About the successes achieved in the economic field, in the first test of the reform and the beginning of the transferring towards free market mechanisms and to include the capitalist concepts point of socialist, the global design features orientations of China is not on the basis of ideology only, as was the case in the era of Mao, the Chinese leader, but by the economic motivation factors which enable China to reach higher levels, particularly since the signs of weakness and decline in economic and technological performance in the Soviet Union, has cast a shadow over the position, in the era of Leonid Briggneev.China sought to go forward without raising the other major powers, which has dealt with at the end of the cold war, rather than a retreat and isolation as the American model, or exit the international arena match for the forces of the West - of capitalism, China has chosen a position based on of rationality in disposition of the political world in the field, based on the preference of the interests of China's construction on the other.So china tried to adopt a gradual, without raising other forces in the exit to the international community, and particularly towards the Third World countries as astrong economic competitor, based on the cost of production of manufactured goods is difficult to face, taking advantage of a strong entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), and was destined for a carefully considered full, it goes after the entry to the various countries of Africa and Asia in pursuit of secure energy future, in Latin America to compete with America in its backyard, wherever America go will face china in front of it in this area or other, and this is why the researcher to choose the subject of his theme.The research aims to explain the roots and the nature of the Chinese interest to go to the African continent in general and some countries in particular, and to identify areas of which have the priority in this Exhorts attention, especially since this trend can not be separated in any way, from the political and we strategic dimension, and can refer to the most important of these objectives as a follow : 1 - to identify on the roots of Chinese interest in Africa.2 - the mechanisms adopted by China in its orientation towards Africa. 3 - areas on which the china orientation focus on.4 - demonstrate the pattern of diplomatic and political relations support of the directions of orientations the China.5 - Studying the nature of the challenges facing the orientation of China to Africa.• problem research : And problem research - centered research focused on idea that China is exploiting the opportunity of America busy (which is more of the international attention and influence the situation in Africa) with its internal and external problems, in the period of trying to impose its hegemony on the world, in order to answer the central question is : to what the extent can succeed in exclusivity for a significant proportion of economic relations with Africa in various fields.• Assumption research : Therefore the research, based on the premise that the from the following : (it seems that China is able to succeed in finding a large presence in the various aspects of economic policy and to maintain balance with these countries to avoid interference in the internal affairs of the countries of the continent, supported by the great effort in building political relationships characterized by stable, credible and generosity and without political conditions detract from its sovereignty).• Structure of study : The research distributed on three chapters and each chapter includes three sections : as Chapter I deals with the political and economic interest in Africa in the strategic thinking of China, Chapter II, interest with the reality of the Chinese approach to Africa, Chapter III, concern with the future of the Sino - African, In this chapter are addressed to the model of the study has been a model for the study of the Sudan as case of study.• Conclusion : the conclusions of research as follows : - 1 - Despite the former challenges china has been successful in take advantage of manpower for the African States in international organizations (World Trade Organization - the General Assembly of the United Nations - Security Council) to serve the objectives of its foreign policy to confront the American and European pressure on it in the liberalization of international trade. Attempts to surrounded Taiwan's to penetrate within the international organizations to confirm the legitimacy of her government in the international arena.2 - the policy followed by China with African countries, which focus on moving away from interfering in the formation of political systems and the internal affairs of States. A positive impact for them in international forums. This was evident in 2005 when it rejected the African Union at the request from china attempt of Japan's, Germany, India and Brazil for gain permanent seats on the Security Council.3 - China and established the first brick in the huge African market will be the focus of attention of economic competitors. And its response to the request of African countries to rectify the imbalance in the trade balance was tipped in favor of China, which resulted in a deficit in the trade balance by about the Chinese (1.83) billion dollars for the benefit of African countries in 2004. Reflects the great importance China attaches to the growing economic and trade relations with African countries.4 - analysts opinion to reflect need of China and African countries to cooperate with each other, particularly since the interests of both sides of joint and complementary to each other, Africa is rich in natural resources and the broad market and demonstrates the desire to develop its economy. While China have the expertise gained during its long policy of reform and opening up and has the technology available.5 - with the increasing strength of China's economic growth and global influence, it is expected that the growing African - Chinese relations, especially in the area of the largest Chinese investment in Africa, and increase China's dependence on imported oil which is expected to outstrip China's consumption of energy - two decades after the consumption of the United States itself.6 - is expected to intensify political consultation between China and Africa with regard to the reform of the United Nations and Beijing's attempts to convince African countries that recognize Taiwan now withdraw their recognition.7 - the current situation of economic globalization requires the strengthening of China - Africa cooperation since China and African countries are facing together the challenges of development and the need for both sides to mutual support in dealing with international affairs
