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العلاقة بين بعض العناصر الثقيلة وانتاجية الهائمات النباتية والكتلة الحية لبعض النباتات المائية السائدة في مناطق مختارة من شط العرب / جنوب العراق Impact Of Some Heavy Metals On Qualitative And Quantitative Of Producer Organisms In Shatt Al - Arab River

اسم المؤلف: رجاء عبد الكاظم حنف
اسم المشرف: عبد العزيز محمود عبد الله صالح عبد القادر العيسى
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة اثر بعض العناصر الثقيلة ( النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت ) على انتاجية الهائمات النباتية وبعض النباتات المائية فضلا عن قياس تراكيز تلك العناصر في المياه والرواسب في شط العرب للفترة الممتدة من كانون الثاني 2014 لغاية كانون الثاني 2015 . تم انتخاب اربع محطات ، تقع المحطة الاولى في منطقة الشرش والثانية في السندباد والثالثة في الصالحية والرابعة في منطقة العامية بالقرب من ميناء ابي فلوس في محافظة البصرة . اختيرت ثلاثة انواع من النباتات المائية السائدة في تلك المحطات الشمبلان Ceratophullum demersum والقصب Phragmites australis ونبات بربين الماء Bacopa moniera وحددت الكتلة الحية الهوائية لتلك الانواع . كما درست الهائمات النباتية كموانوعا ، وتم قياس دليل التنوع ودليل سمبسون (السيادة) ودليل التشابه للهائمات النباتية والنباتات المائية . كما قيست بعض العوامل الفيزيائية والكيميائية لمحطات الدراسة المختارة .تراوحت درجة حرارة الماء بين 10.1 و33.9 ºم، وانحصرت قيم الاس الهيدروجيني بين 7.6 و8.6 ، وتراوحت قيم الملوحة بين 0.9 و7.8 جزء بالالف ، وتراوحت قيم الاوكسجين الذائب بين 5.9 و16.9 ملغم/لتر، بلغت قيم المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية بين714 الى 4282.8 ملغم/لتر ،وتراوحت قيم القاعدية الكلية بين 87 - 391 ملغم كاربونات الكالسيوم /لتر، وقد سجلت العسرة الكلية قيم تراوحت بين 214 و596 ملغم كاربونات الكالسيوم /لتر. سجلت تراكيز النتريت والنترات قيم تراوحت بين 0.07 - 1.01 و5.64 - 19.63 مايكغم ذرة نيتروجين/لتر على التوالي ، وبلغت قيم الفوسفات بين 0.17 - 3.72 مايكغم ذرة فسفور/لتر كان تركيز النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت الكلي في الماء 3.22 - 53.99 و7.11 - 120.06 و3.09 - 49.05 و23.24 - 1130.35 و42.54 - 257.00 مايكغم/لتر على التوالي .تراوحت قيم المادة العضوية المتمثلة بالكاربون العضوي الكلي بين 27.8 - 119.2 و28.2 - 128.04 و28.4 - 176.9 و26.3 - 127.14 ملغم/غم وزن جاف لمحطات الشرش والسندباد والصالحية والعامية على التوالي . بلغ تركيز عناصر النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت في الرواسب بين 7.02 - 55.16 و18.16 - 165.11 و101.40 - 616.16 و19.34 - 469.12 و98.19 - 463.76 مايكغم/غم وزن جاف على التوالي ، وقيم دليل التجمع الجيولوجي بحدود (1.11 - - 0.62) و(1.17 - 1.56 ) و( - 2.10 - - 1.65) و(0.35 - 0.54 ) و( 2.56 - 2.87) للعناصر السابقة على التوالي ، مما يشير الى ان رواسب محطات الدراسة غير ملوثة بالنحاس والمنغنيز وغير ملوثة الى متوسطة التلوث بالرصاص والخارصين ومتوسطة الى شديدة التلوث بالكوبلت . اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية سيادة انواع الهائمات النباتية التي تعود لصنف الطحالب الدايتومية (العصوية) Bacillariophyceae، تلتها الطحالب الخضر - المزرقة Cyanophyceae ، ثم الطحالب الخضر Chlorophyceae واخيرا الطحالب اليوغلينية Euglenophyceae في محطات الدراسة كافة ولجميع الاشهر . سجلت محطة الشرش 36 نوع تعود الى 31 جنس، وسجلت محطة السندباد 46 نوع تعود الى 38 جنس،بينما سجلت محطة الصالحية 48 نوع تعود الى 39 جنس ، اما محطة العامية فقد سجلت 30 نوع تعود الى 26 جنس .سجل تركيز الكلوروفيل في محطات الدراسة الشرش والسندباد والصالحية والعامية 0.12 - 2.65 و0.21 - 3.10 و0.31 - 3.89 و0.11 - 2.10 ملغم/لتر على التوالي ، اما تركيز العناصر الثقيلة (النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت) في الهائمات النباتية فقد كان11.55 - 48.26 و18.84 - 97.22 و139.80 - 659.01 و77.14 - 477.36 و43.55 - 216.02 مايكغم /غم وزن جاف على التوالي.تراوحت قيم الكتلة الحية الهوائية للنباتات المائية المدروسة بين 5.34 - 199.52 و34.45 - 465.77 و22.90 - 98.23 غم/م2 لنباتات الشمبلان C. demersum والقصب P. australis وبربين الماء B. monniera على التوالي ، وبلغ مدى تركيز العناصر الثقيلة (النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت) في نبات الشمبلان 1.04 - 88.53 و2.14 - 66.36 و36.05 - 1466.04 و56.56 - 197.14 و23.07 - 216.75 مايكغم/غم وزن جاف للعناصر على التوالي . وفي نبات القصب تراوحت تراكيز العناصر الثقيلة بين 6.17 - 66.34 و1.19 - 66.50 و32.76 - 467.02 و23.78 - 176.32 و7.11 - 98.11 مايكغم/غم وزن جاف على التوالي ، اما في نبات بربين الماء فقد كانت التراكيز 0.44 - 56.15 و0.81 - 67.04 و12.56 - 99.15 و33.34 - 116.55 و0.14 - 10.44 مايكغم /غم وزن جاف على التوالي . بلغت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي لمحطة الشرش في نبات الشمبلان 2.03 و1.22 و35.00 و1.25 و0.72 لعناصر النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت على التوالي ، بينما في نبات القصب كانت المعدلات 1.60 و1.05 و14.36 و0.83 و0.36 لنفس العناصر على التوالي . اما نبات بربين الماء فقد كانت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي تبلغ 0.57 و0.92 و4.47 و0.71 و0.01 للعناصر المدروسة على التوالي ، وقد بلغت المعدلات في الهائمات النباتية 3.08 و2.58 و79.51 و1.29 و0.57 لنفس العناصر على التوالي ولنفس المحطة . بينما بلغت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي في محطة السندباد لعناصر النحاس والرصاص والمنغنيز والخارصين والكوبلت لنبات الشمبلان 3.01 و1.19 و39.16 و1.61 و0.90 على التوالي ، ولنبات القصب 2.02 و0.89 و12.99 و0.94 و0.36 ولنبات بربين الماء 0.94 و0.80 و4.00 و0.85 و0.02 لنفس العناصر على التوالي ، اما في الهائمات النباتية في نفس المحطة فقد كانت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي 2.93 و2.65 و67.13 و1.64 و0.58 للعناصر المدروسة على التوالي . وفي محطة الصالحية سجلت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي لتلك العناصر في نبات الشمبلات 2.27 و1.23 و46.11 و1.31 و0.92 على التوالي ، وفي نبات القصب 1.97 و0.96 و15.76 و0.87 و0.41 على التوالي ، اما في نبات بربين الماء فقد كانت المعدلات 0.85 و0.95 و4.61 و0.69 و0.64 للعناصر على التوالي ، وقد كانت في الهائمات النباتية لنفس المحطة 2.07 و2.64 و63.71 و1.24 و0.72 للعناصر المدروسة على التوالي . اما في محطة العامية فقد كانت معدلات معامل التركيز الحيوي للعناصر الثقيلة المدروسة في نبات الشمبلان 2.11 و1.34 و25.67 و1.08 و0.70 على التوالي ، ولنبات القصب 1.91 و1.20 و16.21 و0.86 و0.43 على التوالي ، وفي نبات بربين الماء 0.95 و0.85 و7.34 و0.78 و0.03 على التوالي ، اما في الهائمات النباتية فقد كانت 2.98 و1.77 و117.96 و1.26 و0.92 للعناصر المدروسة على التوالي . بينت النتائج ان نبات الشمبلان هو الاكثر تركيز للعناصر وان عنصر المنغنيز هو العنصر المتميز بمعدل التراكم الاعلى ، كما بينت ان الهائمات النباتية اكثر مراكمة للعناصر الثقيلة من النباتات المائية . | The study was conducted to determind the effect of some heavy metals (Cu , Pb , Mn , Zu and Co) on productivity of phytoplankton and aquatic plants , as well as measurred their concentrations in water and sediments of Shatt Al - Arab river for a period from January 2014 to January 2015 . Four stautas were sellected from Shatt Al - Arab river , Frist (Al - Sharresh) , Second (Al - Sendibad Island) ,Third (Al - Salehia) , and Forth (Al - Ameia Region) near Abu - Floos port. Three types of dominanted aquatic plants were selected from these stations, Ceratophyllum demersum, Phragmites australis and Bacoba monniera .The areial biomass of aquatic plants and the quantitative , qualtitative and chlorophyl a of phytoplankton were determind . some of diversity indices for phytoplankton and aquatic plants were measured . Also some physical and chemical properties were measured for selected study stations .Water temperature was ranged between 10.1 - 33.9 Cº, pH 7.6 - 8.6 , salinity 0.9 - 7.8 ppt , DO ranged between 5.9 - 16.9 ml/L , TDS ranged between 714 - 4282.8 ml/L . The alkalinity showed values ranged between 87 - 391 ml CaCO3/L . The total hardness was record values between 214 - 596 ml CaCO3/L .. The investigated study showed nitrite and Nitrate values 0.07 - 1.01 and 5.64 - 19. 63 µg n/L respectively , phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.08 - 4.59 µg P - PO4 - 3/L . The concentration of Cu, Pb , Mn, Zn and Co in water ranged between 3.22 - 53.99 , 7.11 - 120.06 , 3.09 - 49.05 , 23.24 - 1130.35 and 42.54 - 257.00 µg/L respectively.TOC values in sediments were ranged 27.8 - 119.2 , 28.2 - 128.08 , 28.4 - 176.9 and 26.3 - 127.14 µg/gm dry wet for four station respectively . The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Pb , Mn, Zn and Co in sedements ranged 7.02 - 55.16 , 18.16 - 165.11 , 101.40 - 616.16 , 19.34 - 469.12 and 98.19 - 463.76 µg/gm dry wet respectively .The values of Igeo index were ranged between - 0.26_ - 0.62 , - 1.17_ 1.56 , - 2.10_ - 1.65 , 0.35_ 0.54 , 2.56_ 2.87 for the heavy metals respectively.The present study was showed that the dominant types of phytoplankton belong to class Bacillariophyceae , followed Cyanophyceae , then Chlorophyceae and last Euglenophyceae to all station and through all monthes . Al - Sharresh station was recored 44 species belong to 28 genus , and Al - Sendibad Island was recorded 54 species belong to 35 genus , while Al - Salehia station recorded 60 species belong to 37 genus , and Al - Ameia station was rcorded 35 species belong to 24 genus . The concentration of chlorophyll values were recorded in the four stations 0.12 - 2.65 , 0.21 - 3.10 , 0.31 - 3.89 , 0.11 - 10.2 ml/L. respectively, and the concentraions of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn and Co) in phytoplankton were ranged betwen 11.55 - 48.26 , 18.84 - 97.22 , 139.80 - 659.01 , 77.14 - 477.36 and 43.55 - 216.02 µg/gm dry wet respectively. The biomass of aquatic plants were ranged between 5.35 - 199.52 , 34.45 - 465.77 , 22.90 - 98.23 gm/m2 for C. demersum , P. australis and B. monniera respectively. The concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn and Co) in C. demersum were 1.04 - 88.53 , 2.14 - 66.36 , 36.05 - 1466.04 , 56.56 - 197.14 and 23.07 - 216.75 µg/gm dry wet for the Cu, Pb , Mn, Zn and Co respectively, and in P. australis were 6.17 - 66.34 , 1.19 - 66.50 , 32.76 - 467.02 , 23.78 - 176.32 and 7.11 - 98.11 µg/gm dry wet respectively , while in B. monniera were 0.44 - 56.15 , 0.81 - 67.04 , 12.56 - 99.15 , 33.34 - 116.55 and 0.04 - 10.44 µg/gm dry wet respectively. Averges of BCF in the C. demersum were 2.03 , 1.22 , 35.00 , 1.25 and 0.72 for Cu, Pb , Mn, Zn and Co respectively , while in P. australis were 1.60 , 1.05 , 14.36 , 0.83 and 0.36 respectively , and in B. monniera were 0.57 , 0.92 , 4.47 , 0.71 and 0.01 for heavy metals respectively , and in the phytoplankton the ranges were 3.08 , 2.58 , 79.51 , 1.29 , 0.57 respectively. The results showed that the aquatic plant C. demersum was most concentration for heavy metals and Mn was more accumulation , and showed that phytoplankton was more accumulation to heavy metals than aquatic plants.

ستراتيجية تكاثر نوعين من الاسماك الغضروفية في المياه البحرية العراقية Reproductive strategy of two cartilaginous species from Iraqi marine water

اسم المؤلف: جنان حسن جاسم اللامي
اسم المشرف: ساجد سعد حسن النور امجد كاظم رسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Investigation of the reproductive strategies of Arabian carpetshark Chiloscyllium arabicum (Gubanov, 1980) and Arabian whipray Himantura randalli (Last, Manjaji - Matsumoto et Moor, 2012) were conducted in Iraqi marine water from January, 2014 to December, 2014. A total of 365 Arabian carpetshark (200 female and 165 male) with total length ranged from 141 - 750 mm and 321 Arabian whipray (176 female and 145 male) with disk width ranged from 70 - 429 mm were cached. Trawling nets of Bahith Ship (owned by Marine Science Center) or other fishing boats were used to cached these fishes.Sex ratios of these fishes were investigated during study period. The cycle of gonad maturation was followed - up throughout the period of investigation by defining stages based on colour, shape and size of gonads. Fecundity was estimated and spawning period detected depending on gonado somatic index (GSI), hepato somatic index (HIS), histological study and sonar inspection.The length frequency distribution of Arabian carpetshark was dominated by group of 300 - 399 mm that appeared in all months except October. Smallest fish (142 mm, 20 g) was during October and biggest fish (750 mm, 1668.5 g) during June. The length - weight relationship was represented by the following equations : Male W= 0.000007 ×L 2.88Female W= 0.000005 × L 2.93 Both Sex W= 0.000006 × L 2.91Values of HSI was differ depending on the maturing conditions of males and females, where highest value (11.906) of HSI for females was recorded at October and lowest value (6.908) was recorded at June, while highest value (12.5) of HSI for males recorded at January and lowest value (9.14) recorded at March. There were negative correlation between oil ratioof liver and maturing condition of females, while in males this relation was not clear.Distinguishing of sex was carried out according to presence or absence of claspers. Smallest matured female was 421 ml in total length and 785.23 g in weight, while smallest matured male was 401 in total length and 693.14 in weight. Females were dominant on males during all months except February, August and November with equal sex ratio during March, while overall sex ratio was 1 : 1.26 toward females.The cycle of gonad maturation was divided into three stages : immature, maturing and mature for males and females. Linear relationship was found between total length (TL) and clasper length (x) and it was represented by following equation : TL=211.3479 + 0.013883 x X, with significant (P<0.05) correlation (r= 0.899) between them.The GSI values were different during study period, where highest values (8.84 and 7.93) for females recorded during April and May respectively and lowest value (0.73) during June, while highest value (6.74) for males recorded during March and lowest value (0.66) during May. Monthly differences in GSI especially for females refers that spawning period extended from May to June. This result supported by the results of frequency occurrence of germ cells. Results appeared that ovary of Arabian carpetshark contain 44 - 52 eggs with diameters between 22 - 48 mm. Depending on histological inspection of gonads, spermatocytes cells for males are divided into eight maturing stages, while spermatocytes cells for females into four maturing stages.Disk width (DW) frequency showed fife groups for Arabian whipray with dominant of 300 - 399 mm group that appeared in all months except October, while group of 200 - 299 mm was appeared in all months. Group of0 - 99 mm appeared in July and August, so it was concluded that reproduction occurred in July. Smallest fish (70 mm, 20 g) was cached during July and biggest fish (490 mm, 3834 g) was cached during June. Relationships between disk width and weight were as follow : Male W= 0.00031 x DW2.59 Female W= 0.0031 x DW2.31 Both Sex W= 0.0006 x W2.4HSI differed according to maturing conditions of males and females, where highest value (11.85) for females recorded during January and lowest value (6.04) recorded during June, while highest value (11.66) for males recorded during November and lowest value (7.48) recorded at March. There were negative correlations between gonad weight and liver weight of females and also between oil ratio of liver and maturing condition of females.Smallest matured female was 115 ml in disk width and 1936 g in weight, while smallest matured male was 355 in disk width and 1249 g in weight. Sex ratio was differ from the ratio of 1 : 1 during different months and at reproduction period the ratio of females was 64.5% and of males 35.5%, while the ratio was 50% for each sex after reproduction period at August. Females were dominant on males during all months except September and December and overall sex ratio was 1 : 1.26 toward females.Maturing cycle were divided into three stages : immature, maturing and mature for males and females. For males the dividing depending on morphological characteristics (length, size and colour) of claspers. Linear relationship was found between disk width and clasper length (x) and it was represented by following equation : DW=92.4133 +0.2233 x X .GSI showed differences throughout study period for both sexes. The highest value (8.63) for females recorded during June and lowest value (0.81) during July, while highest value (7.59) for males recorded duringJanuary and lowest value (0.97) during March. It was concluded, according to GSI especially for females, that birthing occurred between June and July.Number of eggs in the Arabian whipray ovary was ranged between 10 - 35 eggs and diameters between 5 - 28 mm, while the uterus contain 2 - 5 embryos that surrounded by strong covers and there wasn’t any placenta intelligence between embryos and female, so this fish considered as Ovoviviparous. Depending on histological inspections of gonads, spermatocytes were divided into seven maturing stages, while oocytes into four maturing stages.

كفاءة نبات البردي Pers. Typha domingensis والطحالب الملتصقة به في تحسين نوعية المياه في الجزء الجنوبي الشرقي من هور الحمار Efficiency of Typha domingensis Pers. and Epiphytic algae for improving the water quality in South east Al - Hammar marsh

اسم المؤلف: ازهار مكي نزال
اسم المشرف: ازهار علي عبد الله الصابونجي جبار خطار عبد الحسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of aquatic plant Typha domingensis pers. and epipytic algae in improving the quality of water in South east Al - Hammar marsh. Four Stations were Selected , the first two stations are (AL - Mndhuri and AL - Daoudi) due to their location near and lack of vegetation, while the third and fourth stations Al - Zerki and AL - Burgah were selected Depending on the presence of high density of aquatic plants which dominated by T. domingensis , These are Al - Zerki and AL - Burgah. Water, aquatic plant and sediments samples were collected monthly from the selected stations from December 2014 until November 2015. Physical, Chemical and biological variables were measured, Air temperature was between (12.5 - 46.7)C◦ in Dec. and Aug. respectively, water temperature ranged between (11.2 - 42. 4) C◦ in Dec. and Aug. respectively, Salinity concentration ranged between (2.57) ‰ in Feb. and(6.59) ‰ in Sep. , Transparency at ranged between (42) cm in Jun and(74)cm in Dec. , Current velocity ranged between (0.26) m/sce in Feb. and( 0.59) m/sce in Aug. , pH was range between (5.7) in Jul. to(8.4) in Nov. , Dissolved oxygen ranged between (5.64) mg/l in May and(10.72) mg/l in Dec. , while the Biological Oxygen Demand was ranged between (0.72) mg/l in Nov. and(3.71) mg/l in Aug. , nitrate ranged between (2.61) μg/l in Apr. and(12.81) μg/l in Aug. ,while the reactive phosphate ranged from (0.27) μg/l in Sep. and( 0.93) μg/l in Aug. ,Total phosphorus ranged between (0.76) μg atom P/l in Jun and Oct. and(1.68) μg atom P/l in Aug. ,Chlorophyll a in water was ranged value between (4.11) μg/l in Feb. and(19.6 ) μg/l in Sep. ,Coliform of the study area at the ranged between (129) cell/100 ml in Nov. and(1800) cell/100 ml in Aug..Percentage of total nitrogen and total phosphate were determined in T.domingenesis, which collected from Al - Zerki and Al - Burgah stations, results showed that the Total nitrogen content of the aquatic plant which ranged between (1.02)% in Feb. and (2.89 (% in Sep. ,While the content of the aquatic plant of total phosphorus was ranged between(0.2)% in Feb. and (0.83)% in Sep. .As well as determined the Lead and Cadmium elements , as a dissolved part in water and exchangeable part in the sediments, as well as content in T.domingenesis. The concentrations of lead as dissolved part in water rangedBbetween( ( 0.86 μg/l in Jul. and ( 3.1 ) μg/l in Apr. , and in the exchangeable part of the sediment between ( 0.78 ) μg/g in Aug. and ( 2.41 ) μg/g in Apr. , while the content in T. domingenesis ranged between ( 0.38 ) μg/g dry weight in Jan. and ( 0.71 ) μg/g dry weight in Aug. ,Whereas cadmium as dissolved part in water ranged between ( 1.0 ) μg/l in Nov. and ( 2.8 ) μg/l in Apr. ,while in the exchangeable part of the sediment ranged between (0.6) μg/g in Apr. and (2.0) μg/g in Mar. ,and ranged in the T. domingenesis between (0. 3) μg/g dry weight in Jan. and(0.6) μg/g dry weight in Aug. ,The value of organic carbon in sediments ranged between (0.162)% in Nov. and(0.458)% in Jul. .Carlson Trophic State (CTSI) Index were used, based on three variables, namely chlorophyll - a - , total phosphorus and transparency to assess the nutritional status according to the primary productivity, Al - Mndhuri and Al - Daoudi stations were evaluated to be mesotrophic category values ranged between (41.42 - 46.68) for Al - Mndhuri station and between (45.63 - 40.44) for Al - Daoudi station during the months of August and October respectively. while Al - Zerki station were ranged between (42.55) during August which classified as mesotrophic, and 38.69 in February which classified as oligotrophic, AL - Burgah station were evaluated as oligotrophic and values ranged from 39.45 during January and 25.6 during October. The rate of trophic state index were 43.14 , 42.68 , 40.24 and 32.24 for four stations, respectively. Study areas marsh were classified as mesotrophic (39.57).Organic pollution index were measured depending on three variables, namely nitrates, phosphorus and biological oxygen demand to determine the levels of organic pollution for study stations, and to assess the general level of the study area, The values ranged (43.91 - 82.68) at Al - Mndhuri station during the months of May and August, while ranged between (37.65 - 75.76) during the months of November and August for the Al Daoudi station, and values for Al - Zerki station were ranged between (27.88 - 52.51) during the months of October and August respectively, while at AL - Burgah station were (24.60 - 39.22) during September and February.Al - Mndhuri and Al - Daoudi stations were classified in general to be Deteriorated, While stations Al - Zerki and AL - Burgah were classified as Medium, with an annual rate (52.81, 50.29, 38.57, 32.17) for the four stations, respectively. The lower values at Al - Zerki and AL - Burgah stations wasCassociated with decline in values of different factor that used for measuring OPI due to the presence of aquatic plant with high density which acting as filters for water contributed to the improvement of the environmental situation of the study area.Two Laboratory experiments for Free surfaces system static and recycling was done, both of which had lasted for eleven days to compare the efficiency between Epiphytic algae, and T.domingenesis in removing nutrients, which included nitrates and phosphates as well as the reduction of biological oxygen demand. The percentages of removal were calculated for each two days, also the total percentages of removal were calculated at the end of the experiment.Results showed that Epiphytic algae have higher efficiency in removing of nitrates, phosphorus and in reduction biological oxygen demand. than T.domingenesis and at both systems static and recycling. The total percentages of removing nitrate , phosphate and reduction in biological oxygen demand by epiphytic algae were (60.0, 52.91,60.0)% respectively, at the static system, and (68.84, 57.61 , 68.91 )%, respectively, using recycling system, while the total percentages reduction using the aquatic plant for nitrate ,phosphate and biological - oxygen demand were (39.9, 21.42, 63.64)%, respectively, using static system, and ( 48.12, 31.42, 72.87)% respectively, using recycling system. The results showed that the reduction of nutrient by using recycling system is higher than a static system .