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المرونة المعرفية وعلاقتها ببعض انماط الشخصية التسعة وفق نظرية الانيكرام لدى طلبة الجامعة == Cognitive Flexibility And Its Relationship With Some Of The Nine Personality Types (Enneagram) Among University Students
Author name:
فجر حسين كاظم السماوي
Supervisor name:
عبد الكريم غالي محسن العيداني
General topic:
Psychology
Specific topic:
Educational Psychology
Degree:
Master
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Educational And Psychological Sciences
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
04T1744 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Hindrances of cognitive flexibility are represented by the difficulty to use the appropriate strategies to face the different situations that the individual faces, and that learners' tendencies to understand study materials tightly by imposing one knowledge - based system is by all means inappropriate, and the treatment of limited number of the dimensions of the phenomenon is a problem by itself. University students face many hindrances and pressure of different types which play an important role in building their personality sides. The research problem is set by the following questions : Do university students have cognitive flexibility? What is the commonest personality type among them? Is there any relationship between cognitive flexibility and theirpersonality type?Cognitive flexibility, as a mental performance feature, helps the individual to change and multiply ways of mental dealing with matters according to their nature. The ability to change the cognitive strategies that are used in the treatment of the new and unexpected circumstances and situations of the students is an important dimension of the human personality dimensions which cares about gaining new styles of human behavior and get rid of old and static ones. Moreover, the study of personality types and understanding its dimensions and identifying the commonest personality type among students made educationalists and psychologists interact with them seriously and actively. The importance of this research stems from the importance of university students as they are the basic pillar of development, progress and production; they are the builders of the present and future.1. Identifying cognitive flexibility among university students. 2. Identifying cognitive flexibility according to gender variable (males - females).3. Identifying cognitive flexibility according to study specification (scientific - human)4. Identifying personality types among university students5. Identifying personality types according to gender variable (males - females).6. Identifying personality types according to study specification (scientific - human)7. Identifying the relationship between cognitive flexibility and personality types.The present study is limited to the University of Basrah (fourth year students) both sexes (males - females) day study only, whose study specification is (scientific - human) academic year 2015 - 2016.In order to achieve the goals of the research the researcher built the scale for the cognitive flexibility following the scientific steps for building psychological scales. Face validity of the scale has been achieved after being shown to a jury of experts and specialists in the field of education and psychology and psychological measurement.Differential validity of the scale has been calculated through the application of the scale on a sample of (400) students. The stability of the scale has been verified by retest procedure, it was (0.84), and by Alpha Cronbach's method, it was (0.81). The researcher used personality typology scale according to Enneagram (centre of emotions) proposed by (Riso & Hudson, 1995) which was translated into Arabic by (Alyasseri, 2004), which was applied to the Iraqi environment.Personality typology scale (centre of emotions) is composed of three personality types (the helper, the performer, and the individualized). The validity of the scale has been determined by a jury of experts and specialists. The differential validity of the scale has been calculated through applying it to a sample of (400) students. The stability of the scale has been calculated by retest procedure, it was (0.83 the helper type), (0.82 the performer type), and (0.82 the individualized type).The research reached at the following results : 1. Goal number one result has shown that university students have cognitive flexibility.2. Goal number two result has shown that there are no statistically significant differences between the individuals of the research sample according to the gender variable (males - females).3. Goal number three result has shown that there are no statistically significant differences between the individuals of the research sample according to the study specification variable (scientific - human).4. Goal number four result has shown that the highest mean is that of the (helper) type, the (performer) type came in the second place; the individualized type's mean is the lowest.5. Goal number five result has shown that; there are statistically significant differences for the helper type of human study specification. There are statistically significant differences in the performer type between human and scientific study specifications.6. Goal number six result has shown that there are no statistically significant differences in the helper type according to the gender variable. However; there are statistically significant differences in the performer type according to the gender variable for males at the expense of females. There are statistically significant differences in the individualized type according to the gender variable for females at the expense of males.7. Goal number seven result has shown that there is a positive correlative relation (0.981) between cognitive flexibility and the helper personality type, there is a positive correlative relation (0.980) between cognitive flexibility and the performer personality type, there is a positive correlative relation (0.974) between cognitive flexibility and the individualized personality type.In the light of the results, the researcher proposed a number of suggestions and recommendations.
Summary:
04T1744 - A.pdf
References:
04T1744 - R.pdf
