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ايران ودول الخليج العربي (1968 - 1978) : دراسة في العلاقات السياسية == Iran and Arab Gulf Arab States (1968 - 1978) A study In Political Relations
Author name:
محمد داخل كريم السعدي
Supervisor name:
خليل علي مراد
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Education - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Mosul
First pages:
11T3152 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Arab Gulf area being characterized by vital characteristics which made it one of the most important places in the world. One of these characteristics was the geostrategic location and the economic importance represented by the huge oil wealth in the area which had become one of the attractive places in the political and economic international dimensions. Due to this, the relations between this area and the states or with the other states in the world especially the relation between both parts of the Arab Gulf, Iran and the Arab Gulf states have got a great importance in developing the political position of the area and defining the political future for these states. The period between 1968 - 1978 has been characterized by so many important developments and political events reflected on the Iran - Gulf relations and were the reason behind choosing the topic of the study.The nature of the study and the important events taken place in the area obliged us to divide the subject into four main chapters and each one contains many sections. The first chapter gives a historical show for Iran - Gulf relations till 1968. it describes the geographical location of the Arab Gulf and also an economic show for Iran and the Seven Arab Gulf states as well as describing Arab Gulf as water shallow located among these states. The second section deals with the Iraqi - Iranian relations which included the two direct neighboring states in the area as well as the problems and confusions happened on these boarders which kept exposed to continuous change due to the continuous competition among states which ruled both Iraq and Iran especially during ottoman and safawid aras till 1968 with reference to the effect of these problems upon political relations between both states. Then there is the signature of some treaties and agreements concerning the boarders. The third section in this chapter presents a historical show for the relations between Iran and the western Coast of the Arab Gulf represented by many Arab Emirates on the long of this Coast Since the beginning of the 19th century till 1968. Britain was the major power in the area and it represented the political decision for all these Emirates.The British withdrawal from East Suez and the complete withdrawal from Arab Gulf whether its military forces or its political influence on the area states at the beginning of 1968 and this withdrawal will end late in 1971 to be the beginning of a new ara of the area. This has created a new relation between Arabs and Iranians. Therefore, the second chapter has come under the title, "Boarders problems and the struggle on Sovereighty". It has been divided into four sections. The first tackles the problem of land and river boarders between Iraq and Iran and creates a state of tension in their relations reached in sometimes the state of armed conflict till the Signature of Algeria treaty in 1975.The second section spotslight on the problem of Sea boarders Between Iran and Arab Gulf states included an important fight which concerns determiming regional or international waters for the states located on the Gulf. The third section presents a study for the Iranians pretensions in Bahrain which continues for decades. Iranian governments were insisting on the right to Soverign Bahrain and this created a tension for the Iranian - Gulf relations till the independence of Bahrain in 1970.the last section concentrates on the conflict between Iran and United Arab Imarates about the three Arab islands Abu - Musa, Tunb Al - Kubra and Tunb Al - Sughra and it was along conflict on the sovereignty in Gulf Seashore which ended by a severe tension in Iran - Gulf relations relation and the occupation of these islands by Iran in 1971.The third chapter deals with issues of interference in internal affairs and its effects in Iran - Gulf relations. This includes three basic cases the most important of which is the political relations between Iran and Arab Gulf states. The first concerns with Iran's in setting up and developing the Kurdish movement in Iraq and the results of this movement which ended in breaking out an armed conflict between both parts and ended in signing the treaty of Algeria in 1975 and Iran stopped its support for the armed movement. The second interference by Iran has come from the big Iranian minorities spread in Arab Gulf states as well as the graet effect of these minorities upon economic and social reality of these states. There is also the political effect upon relations between Iran and Arab Gulf states. The third interference was the military one by Iran against the armed movement in Al - Thafar Region in Oman sultanate by which oman was able to put an end for this movement in 1975.The fourth and the last chapter has come under the title, "Regional Affairs which affect Iran's relations with Arab Gulf states". These affairs have got an international dimension which includes three basic sectors. They are armament and the big competition between Iran and Arab Gulf states especially Iraq and Saudi Arabia and under the impact by both U. S. A and U. S. S. R. which they have seen that the process of armament to these states might represent a support for their influence in the area. The second sector mentions the security topic in Arab Gulf after the British declaration and exposing the Iranian, Arabic and international proposals. This might affect Iran - Gulf relations. The third sector showes Iran - Gulf attitude towards Arab - Israeli conflict and this attitude has its own effects upon this relation and the cooperation accompanied it which has risen during this conflict.
