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دراسة مقارنة مظهرية ونسجية للاعور وعلاقته بالبيئة الغذائية في بعض الحيوانات == Comparative study Morphological and Histological of caecum in relation to feeding ecology in some animals
Author name:
عطاف طلال شاكر الكرعاوي
Supervisor name:
فاضل فرهود مكي الجبوري | منار محمد حسن
General topic:
Biology
Specific topic:
Zoology
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Babylon - College Of Science For Girls - Department Of Biology
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Babylon
First pages:
24T3046 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The present study included four axis, the aim of which is to reveal the histological and morphological changes in the caecum of birds and mammals in relation to the effect of food on it, The result, showed the following. The 1st axis includes a laboratory study on the (Starnus vulgarus) since it is omnivorous birds and has the ability to change its natural feeding very fast, The aim of the experiment is to show the effect of food on the length of the small intestine and caecum. Thus, 25 birds were dissecting. The experiment lasted 40 days. The results showed that there was moral differences in the sum of body weight, small intestine length, caecum length and thickness, in both herbivorous and carnivorous feeding groups. The average body weight of the herbivorous feeding group was (60.04 ± 11.72)gm as compared with (70.48 ± 6.37)gm for the carnivorous feeding group .There was a moral differences in the length of the small intestine and caecum in both groups of birds. The average length of herbivorous group was (27.56 ± 3.61)cm as compared with (22.90 ± 1.50)cm in the other group. There was moral differences the length of caecum of both groups. The average length in the herbivorous group was (5.91 ± 1.38)cm . compared with(1.27 ± .22)mm in the other group. The amount of vegetable food consumption was much more 73 gm/day than that of the animal food 23 gm/day. The histological studies of the caecum of the Starnus vulgarus revealed that there was amoral differences in the thickness of the lumen of the herbivorous feeding and carnivorous feeding in herbivorous was(83.00 ±3.70) while in carnivorous was(21.5 ± 2.85) .The thickness of the muscular layer in the herbivorous feeder was(2.07 ±27.60 ) compared with(5.20 ± 1.92) in the other group. The 2nd axis includes a histological and morphological studies on the caecum of two different species of birds namely Anas platyrhynchos herbivorous bird and Falcon peregrinus carnivorous bird . It was found that there was amoral differences in small intestine length, caecum length and thickness between the two groups. The rate of small intestine length in duck was(8.14 ± 1.37) cm while that of the hawk measured(25.04 ± 1.35)cm. It was noticed that the length of caecum in the duck was (11.68 ± 1.54)cm as compared with(0.40±0.08)cm in the hawk. The thickness of the caecum in the duck was (0.67 ± 0.14)cm as compared with (0.17 ± 0.04)cm in the hawk. Histologically. There was amoral differences in the lumen thickness and muscular layer. Thus, the thickness of lumen in the duck was(467.50±33.21) while that in the hawk was(141.00±6.754) . The thicken of muscular layer in the duck was (20.20±6.37) while that in the hawk was(6.40±2.07) . The third axis includes a morphological and histological study of appendix of the rabbit to reveal the effect of food on it. It was noticed that the average weight of the body was (1100.05 ± 1.86)gm and the length of the small intestine was (36.51 ± 2.17)cm and the length of the appendix was (8.32 ± 1.27)cm and the thickness of the appendix was(0.61 ± 0.19)mm.the link among the small intestine and appendix length , appendix length and thickness was studied, too. It was that observed appositive correlation among the small intestine and appendix length , among appendix length and thickness, the correlation index among the small intestine and appendix length was(0.4) while that among the appendix length with its thickness was(0.5). Histologically, it was noticed that the appendix of the rabbit made of four layers namely, mucosa, sub mucosa , muscularis and serosa. It was also found that there was aplenty of goblet cell inside the simple columnar epithelial tissue of appendix lumen. It was also noticed that there was some kind of cells called endocrine(entero endo crino cyte), and that there was a massive spread of lymphoid follicles. The fourth axis : It includes a histological comparative study between the normal and infected appendix in human. The normal appendix of the human composed of four layers namely mucosa, sub mucosa, muscular and serosa. It was noticed that there was an intensive spread of goblet cell with in the simple columnar epithelial. It was also noticed that there was a presence of crypts of liberikuhn with in mucosa layer with widely spread to lymphocytes with in mucosa and sub mucosa layer. In the condition of inflamed appendix it was found large deformation in all layers. The information start in the internal lining of the appendix which is the mucosa layer then the information spread later to the other part.
