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حزب الشورى والاستقلال في المغرب الاقصى 1946 - 1962 == Al - Shoura( Consultative And Independence Party In Far Morocco (1946 - 1962)
Author name:
منى عبد الكريم شريف
Supervisor name:
عبد الله حميد مرزوك حسين العتابي
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Baghdad - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
11T2876 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The history of Maghreb countries remains in general and history of the Morocco kingdom in particular is in need of more academic study and research for its topics richness, the Arabic Maghreb is the only which maintains its independence and sovereignty across history and did not subjected to any foreign occupation including the Ottoman occupation which controlled all a parts of the Arabic homeland for four century with the exclusion of the French and Spanish protection lasted for forty four years from(1912 - 1956). The Morocco adopted the Moroccan thought in its modern history since early time back to the beginning of the twentieth of the twenty century, where the Moroccan political parties are constitutes represented by national necessity conditioned by the struggle circumstances against the colonist for liberation and restore the national sovereignty, and Al - Shoura( consultative and independence party in far morocco was one of these oldest political parties in Morocco where the party is established at the time of constitution of the independence party in 1944 by laeder Mohammed Hasan Al - Wazani and Al - shora and independence party performed an essential role in the national movement and it was constituted a nerve of this movement with the independence party in morocco.Al - shora and the independence party is considered one of the opponent political parties in Al - Maghreb, as for extending the time frame and restricted between(1946 - 1962) because this period represented an essential historical stage in Al - Maghreb history and it is rich by events, besides the political developments and death of king Mohammed v in 1961 and prince Hasan took the crown in the name of king Hasan II and set constitution and hold elections, the first chapter devoted to study the political situations in Maghreb in(1930 - 1936) and it is in three categories, the first category included historical items concerned the national labor block objectives, programs and the challenging facing it and the factors contributed in establishing the Maghreb national movement, as for the second one displayed the objectives and slogans of the patriotism movement and the party influenced by the principles of the French revolution and also reviewed journals of Nationalist Movement party, and the third one titled the Nationalist Movement and the second world war(1939 - 1945), in it illustrated the movement attitude from war and its developments on the Maghreb areana and the party activity during it and its aptitude from the Palestinian issue and its supporting to it.As for the second chapter titled the emerging of al - shura and independence party included three categories, the first one the starting of the party, nomination and its objectives also the national chapter for the party in 1946 and the party attitude from multiparty and its role in establishing the protection league of Maghreb in Paris in June in1946. As for the second chapter displayed the intellectual and the organization frame of the general objective for the party, means and the membership of the party also the political ,economical and social program and the authorities efforts in an attempt to unify the national movement between two parties( Al - shora and independence and the independence party).As for the third one discussed the political role of the essential parties leaderships in Al - shora and independence party in struggle for independence of Maghreb.As for the third chapter titled the party activity during the stage of Al - Sultan exile Mohammed V, the first category in illustrating the party attitude from the unseat and exile of the Sultan, and the second category to shed light on the eternal and external activity of the party represented by bureau of the Arabic Maghreb in Cairo in 1947 and the role of the Maghreb national parties participated in it, also illustrated the role of the party in committee of liberation Morro also discussed internalization of Morocco issue and the activity of Al - Shoura and independence party in this respect, the third one discussed the party attitude in the independence negotiations concerned the circumstances of holding Pecan Lakes conference and the developments accompanied it till announcement of the independence and confession of Morocco as an independence state at the 3rd of March 1959 followed by confession of some of independence by the Spanish government in 7th of April in the same year. As for the forth chapter where displayed the role of party in the constitutional institutions, in the first category discussed the party attitude concerned laying the state institutions and participating in them, where the party had participated in establishing the first government and establishing the consultation national council established in 1956 and the party was with the participants in decision including recommendation in choosing the prince Hasan as crown. And at the time of establishing the second government where the party had transferred to work with the opponent parties and contributed in backing with the other opponent parties towards backing laying the constitutional institutions.As for the second one titled the internal and the external activity of the party manipulating the party attitude from Morocco Jews and the attitude evacuation of the USA bases in Morocco, besides its activity in the desert and its struggle with the independence party and also its attitude from issues of Al - mashriq Al - arabi. The third category discussed contributing the party in the municipality and town elections and its active role in contributing and backing in stipulating of the constitution for Morocco in 1962.As for the results which the researcher has reached as follow : - 1. The emerging of the political parties in Morocco amongst Al - shora and independence party - the national movement as threshold for reorganizing the Morocco national movement activity according to the bases of modernization including the unity of thought and objective and contributing in framing the mass towards mobilizing the people in resistance and requesting freedom and independence.2. Al - shora and independence party had national role in contributing in presenting the demand document for independence which confirmed a biding by constitution and democracy as method for political work and admitted the municipality and ruling after independence and this confirmation reflected an early awareness for the party at time most of the world states under the colonist control.3. Al - shora and independence party is considered the first which put forward to the constitutional issue in Morocco whet ether in document requesting independence and via presenting 23 of December memorandum in 1947 and the necessity to set democratic constitution for Morocco according to contexts known in the democratic organization.4. The early care of Al - shoura and independence party in demanding the Maghreb human rights at a time this demand was neglected totally in the Arab home states and Maghreb Al - arabi states.5. Contributing of the party in the national governments after independence, in the national and consultation council also the municipality and town elections.6. The party coherent with the necessity to set constitution by elected national council and its contribution in referendum of the constitution in spite of its opposition for some of the constitution texts. And despite of this the political role after independence did not reached the national heritage level despite adopting the pioneer and political opposition in independent Morocco
Summary:
11T2876 - A.pdf
References:
11T2876 - R.pdf
