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عزل وتشخيص مركب ايضي ثانوي جديد لكل من الفطرين Fusarium Trichoderma harzianum وsolani المعزولين من السواحل الرسوبية في محافظة البصرة وتقييم فعاليتهما الحياتية == Isolation and Identification of Novel Metabolic Compound From Both Fusarium solani and Trichoderma harzianum Isolated From Sedimentary Coast of Al - Basrah City and Estimate their Activity
Author name:
فردوس نوري جعفر
Supervisor name:
محمد لطيف علي | نيران جاسم الصالحي
General topic:
Biology
Specific topic:
Microbiology - Fungi
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
24T3565 - p.pdf
Abstract:
with the interest of medical and pharmaceutical uses of the natural products from marine fungi , thirty species of fungi belong to ninteen genus were isolated and identified from sea coast sediment of Al - Faw and Al - Seeba .The fungi Acremonium strictium , Geotricum candidum, Fusarium solani ,F.oxysporum , Penicilium sp. ,Trichoderma harzianum exhibited high inhibition activity toward growth of two reference strains of bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (NCtC 6571). The six selected fungi were grown in liquid culture media PDB at 25°C for two weeks ethyl acetate was used to extract the active compounds from thefermentation liquid media while ethanol was used to extract the active compounds from fungal mycelia .The crud extracts (fermentation and mycelium ) showed different inhibition activity against the pathogenic bacteria , Proteus mirabilis , S. aureus, isolates E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Klebsella pneumoniae. and pathoginic yeastes Candida albicans, C.tropicals,Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytic fungi Trichophyton verrucosum and Microsporium canis . The results revealed that the fermental fungi extracts has more inhibition activity than mycelial fungal extracts.The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fungal crude extracts were determined against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and pathogenic yeasts and fungi . antagonisum between studied fungi were evaluated , and the fungus T.harzianum has been the more antagonistic effect against other fungi. The toxicity of the fungal crude extracts were tested by using of human RBC at different concentration the result of this experiment showed that all extracts are non toxic except F.oxysporum extract.From all the above results the both F.solni and T.harzianum extracts showed higher activities ,thus these two extracts chosen for further studies. The anticancer activity of both extracts were studied against Hela cell line and the anticancer activity appeared at 250 Mg/ml and 62.5Mg/ml respectivily. The antioxidant activity of extracts were examined by three different methods ,B - carotene ,hydrogen peroxide scavenger and ferrus ion reduction , the results of three methods showed that both fungal extracts have antioxidant behaviours and the T.harzianum extract had more antioxident activity than F.solani extract and the antioxidant activity of both fungal extracts were increased as the concentration of the extracts increase.An optimization of the fungal growth and bioactivity of both fungi were conducted, by using different Nitrogen sources ( Asparagine , Yeast extract , peptone , Ammonium chloride , Sodium nitrate , Ammonium sulphate ) and carbon sources ( Maltose , Galactose , Glucose , Dextrose , Sucrose ,xylose and Starch ) the results elucidated that yeast extract was the best for growth of both fungi on solid and liquid media and high inhibition activity appear with T.harzianum against bacteria isolates , the carbon source starchenriched the growth of F.solani with more activity in inhibition the bacterial growth while the sucrose give high enrichment to the growth of T.harzianum in solid and liquid media with high activity toward bacterial growth. The study also indicates that the beast temperature and pH which gives the higher activity and growth 25°C and pH6 . The effect of different concentration of salinity were studied as well (1%,2%,3%,4%,5%,6% NaCl)and 2% showed the best concentration .The activity of two studied fungal extracts were superior than commercial antibiotic toward bacterial isolates .Preliminary qualitative chemical tests were carried out on the extracts and their chemical nature were identified .TLC technique were used and the chemical analysis showed that F.solani extract consist of two components with constant Rf values, the components marked as A1 and A2 . A1 shows higher activity against bacterial strains while T.harzianum extract consist of one component.The chemical structures of the isolated compound were
