الاثر الاقتصادي لاستراتيجية تجفيف هور الحمار == Economic Impact On The Drying Strategy Of Al - Hammar Marsh - Land
Author name:
مؤيد حميد مجدي الربيعي
Supervisor name:
عدنان مكي البدراوي
General topic:
Urban Planning
Specific topic:
Urban and Regional Planning
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Baghdad - Higher Institute Of Urban And Regional Planning - Urban And Regional Planning Center For Postgraduate Studies
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
09T493 - p.pdf
Abstract:
يوصف هور الحمار بانه من المناطق المهمة ذات الصفات المنفردة , فهو منبع للحضارات البشرية. وقد كان لسكانه دورراياديا في العديد من الازمنة , وهو من المناطق الرئيسه التي عرفت زراعة المحاصيل , وتربية الماشية في نظام زراعي متكامل , وكان ذلك منذ اكثر من 10 الاف | Hammar marsh is described as one of the important qualities of the individual. It is the source of the human civilization has had its leading role in many of the times. One of the key areas identified by the cultivation of crops and livestock in an integrated farming system and that was for more than 10 thousand years. Raised a number of projects to drain the water bodies in southern Iraq, Hammar part thereof, and had a long - term strategic objectives, the most recent was in 1991 during a campaign of wide range of engineering and programmed to dry Hammar. The implementation of this project was the creation of earth dams to prevent the flow of water from the river that feeds the lagoon and then redirected to the Euphrates River is in the Qurnah, at the diversion of the Euphrates from its current location to the east of Nasiriyah, the general course of the mouth was originally Mbzla water intrusion into the Khor Al - Zubair as well as the Arab Valkhalij to the establishment of power between the dirt and eliminate the city of Nasiriyah province to prevent the flow of Euphrates water to Hammar by dams reaches with the same dirt inside the marshes to facilitate drying quickly. This process led to the drying up of more than 94% of the area of al - Hammar marsh, which in turn has led to environmental impacts, economic and social, has been in decline relative to the wealth of fauna and flora, and the growing exodus of the populations in the study. Beyond the year 2003 was dumping Marsh unstructured break the payment of the population, and the opening of the closed barrages, as well as the Ministry of Water Resources and the establishment of the Center for the rehabilitation of the marshes and the taking over control of the recovery of the marshes in collaboration with many international organizations that came to restore life to the marshes. Result of the drying - dumping and re - set of the effects on natural and human resources, which in turn affected economic activity in the whole region. To determine the economic impact caused by the drying process Hammar in the province of Dhi Qar, administrative, and through field study in all its dimensions and form of the questionnaire, interviews and site inventory and analysis of such data, information and descriptive and quantitative research to find a set of conclusions, and most important of which was set for the most important economic implications caused by the drying process, as well as the results of the dumping, and not to encourage the study, most of the people of the return of the marshes and random boarding in favor of non - programmed to believe that he had been in some areas Hammar in the past five years. The presence of agricultural areas, and residential areas in the heart of the marshes, and the creation of a group of influential beneficiaries of the return of the Marsh did not want the past, because they are adjusted with agriculture. The many economic activities, despite the drying up large tracts of Hammar, and their relative importance differed from one village to another. The research also finds that the dumping of partially so excluding land reclaimed for agriculture and the new villages that have emerged in Hammar. And to be gradually and in several stages, each stage determine the period of time, according to plan strategy which would define the nature of investments in the region and the spatial and temporal distribution.
