موقف جماعة الاخوان المسلمين من التطورات السياسية الداخلية في مصر (1967 ـ 1981) م : دراسة تاريخية == THE POSITION OF THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD OF INTERNAL POLITICIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN EGYPT ( 1967 - 1981 )
Author name:
اسراء حميد حنون حسن السيد نور
Supervisor name:
عمار فاضل حمزة العابد
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
11T3416 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Many researchers were interested in the history of Egypt because it was one of the countries which have had a tremendous effect on the Arab World. Brotherhood issue is considered as one of the important political issues witnessed in the twentieth century. This group was established in 1928 on the hands of an Egyptian young man named Hasan Al - Banna. This issue raises many theoretical and practical disputes about Egypt in particular and the Islamic World in general. This study is part of a series that tackled Brotherhood issue in different Arabian and foreign countries. It is a fruitful subject for study and research for its great impact on society. The thesis involves an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter, entitled “The Beginning and Development of Muslim Brotherhood Group and their Relationship with the Political System in Egypt (1928 - 1967)”, consists of four sections. The first section deals with the beginning of Muslim Brotherhood group and their organizational and propaganda domains in Egypt. The second section, on the other hand, tackles the relationship of Muslim Brotherhood group with the political system (1939 - 1949). The position of Brotherhood group of the revolution of 1952 is discussed in the third section. Whereas their position of the crisis of 1954 in Egypt is the main subject of discussion in section four. The second chapter is entitled “The Advancement of Brotherhood’s Relationship with the Political System from Estrangement to Conciliation (1967 - 1971)”. Like chapter one, this chapter also includes four sections. The first section deals with Brotherhood and the consequences of the war of May 1967. Brotherhood’ position of students’ demonstrations of 1968 is discussed in the second section. The third section, on the other hand, tackles the death of the Egyptian president Jamal Abdel Nasser in 1970. The last section covers the conciliation with Brotherhood in 1971.The third chapter, entitled “Brotherhood, Political and Overt Actions (1972 - 1976)”, consists of five sections. The first section covers Brotherhood, university and Brotherhood’s position of 1972 students’ demonstrations. Brotherhood’s Journalism is investigated in the second section. Whereas their position of the war of Ramadan 1973 is discussed in the third section. The fourth section reveals the relationship of Brotherhood with other Islamic groups, like their relationship with Salih Siriyah and their position of his coup in 1974, their relationship with the Islamic group and their position of the assassination of Al - Dhahabi in 1977, and their relationship with Al - Jihad organization. The last section deals with Brotherhood’s position of the multiplicity of political parties in 1976.The fourth and last chapter of the thesis comes under the title “Brotherhood, Political System and Return of Estrangement (1977 - 1981)”. This chapter consists of four sections. The first section covers Brotherhood’s position of the demonstrations in January 1977. Their attitude of Al - Sadat’s visit (to the Zionist entity) in 1977 is discussed in the second section. The third section deals with Brotherhood and peace treaties. It examines Brotherhood’s position of the peace treaty with the Zionist entity - 1978 Camp David treaty, and their attitude of the peace treaty of 1979. The fourth section tackles 1981 September arrests and Brotherhood’s attitude.It is concluded that Al - Sadat allows Islamic groups, especially Brotherhood group, to achieve their aims. Moreover, Brotherhood took advantage of Al - Sadat to return to the political scene after being prohibited. They were able to work normally without any offences from the Egyptian system. In addition, Al - Sadat got rid of all Nasserist and Left - wing political opponents. But dispute and estrangement happened quickly between Brotherhood and Al - Sadat especially after Al - Sadat’s visit (to the Zionist entity). Because of this dispute, Brotherhood’s members were arrested and put in prison in September 1981. With the help of Al - Jihad organization, Brotherhood assassinated Al - Sadat in 1981 platform accident
