الصراع على العرش وولاية العهد في انكلترا (1672 - 1701) == The Dispute On Crown And The Mandate of Covenant In England (1672 - 1701)
Author name:
ماريا حسن مغتاظ التميمي
Supervisor name:
عبد الله حميد مرزوك حسين العتابي
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Baghdad - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
11T2721 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The history of England in the second half of the seventeenth century is regarded as one of important topics because it contained several external and internal conflicts suffered by England in all that historical period that distinguished by the lack of sources and references about it especially the period of conflict for throne and succession in England (1672 - 1701). This study is an attempt to understand the hidden reasons of conflict for the throne and succession in England (1672 - 1701) and to reveal the factors contributing in ablazing that conflict. Moreover, this study presented a clear model for the nature of international conflict amony the European great powers : England, France and Holland, It also presented an obvious model embodying the condition of the struggle between the royal power and the parliament power in England that did not end but by the Glorious Revolution in 1688. This study consists of introduction, four chapters, a conclusion, appendices, maps and a list of resources and references on which this study depended. The first chapters entitled "The Political development in England in (1660 - 1672). It included four sections as follows : 1. The restoration of Charles II to reign England in 1660. 2. The relationships between charles II and parliament in its two houses : Lords and commons during the period 1661 - 1672. 3. The foreign policy adopted by Charles II and its impact on the internal conditions of England. 4. The religious police adopted by Charles II and its effect on the latter political developments. The second chapter entitled : "The internal and external developments in England and their influence on the activation of struggle for the position of crown prince". This chapter consists of five sections as follows : 1. The escalation of struggle between Charles II and English parliament till 1679, this struggle characterized with a condition similar to pendulum since no party of them won or lost. This period witnessed internal developments reflected in the nature of relationship between the king and the common house. 2. The Catholic plot and its impact on excluding the crown prince from England. The protestants felt that the English Catholics endeavor to destroy their kingdom and religion especially that James "The Duke of York" converted to Catholicism. Therefore, the Protestant fabricated a false tale to prove that there was a Catholic plot based on correspondence referred that there was a plan to assassinate the king. 3. The position of the king Charles II towards the Bills of Exclusion aiming to deprive him of the position of crown prince in 1679 - 1681. The king rejected these bills firmly despite of all financial and political pressures made by the common house to make him accept them, instead he moved to be with France that provided him with money, He hurried to dissolve the parliament to exceed the crisis of the exclusion bills. 4. The struggle for the position of crown prince and its influence that produced two parties : Wig and Tory in England, Most researchers who dealt with parties in England confined themselves to presenting general information about parties without giving any details, this section highlighted these parties. 5. The foreign policy adopted by the king Charles II (1672 - 1675) and the Anglo - Dutch war (1672 - 1674), its reasons, operations and results, in addition to the French and Dutch influences on the internal field of England. The third chapter entitled "The Political developments in the reign of the king James II and their influence on the conflict for the English throne (1685 - 1688). This chapter included three sections as follows : 1. The internal policy adopted by the king James II. He was an autocratic and inflexible king especially in his dealing with the parliament. He repressed the revolts and expanded the army. 2. The escalation of religious differences in the reign of James II especially after issuing laws by him to support the Catholics in England, Such laws led to increasing the difference between the king and the parliament. 3. The Foreign relationships of England and their impact on the English throne through studying the English relationships with Rome especially with the Pope, as well as with France and Holland. The fourth chapter entitled "The struggle for the throne of England (1688 - 1701) it included four sections as follows : 1. The Dutch invasion of England and the Glorious Revolution. 2. The Coronation of William III and Mary II as two king of England. 3. The religious policy adopted by William III particularly the laws of religious tolerance and the position of parliament and English people towards such laws. 4. The conflict for the English throne 1690 - 1701 and the attempts made by James II to regain his throne till his death in 1701.
Summary:
11T2721 - A.pdf
References:
11T2721 - R.pdf
