التطورات السياسية والدستورية في تركيا للمدة 1980 - 2014 == The Political And Constitutional Developments In Turkey For The Period 1980 - 2014
Author name:
عبد الرحمن بهلول رستم الشمري
Supervisor name:
احمد عبد القادر مخلص القيسي
General topic:
Political Science
Specific topic:
Political Systems and Public Policies
Degree:
Master
University:
Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Political Science
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
14T670 - p.pdf
Abstract:
ان هذه الرسالة التي تحمل عنوان (التطورات السياسية والدستورية في تركيا للمدة 1980 - 2014)، تتكون من ثلاثة فصول، فضلا عن فصل تمهيدي ومقدمة وخاتمة, ففي الفصل التمهيدي تم البحث في تاسيس الجمهورية التركية مبادئها وتطوراتها، في حين تناول الفصل الاول الانقلاب | The current study titled (political and constitutional developments in Turkey for the period 1980 - 2014), consists of three chapters, as well as preface , introduction and conclusion. In the introduction, it has been focused on the foundation of the Turkish Republic, its principles and its developments, while the chapter one includes the military coup in 1980 and its consequences on the political system later on , the chapter two dedicated to discuss the political developments in Turkey after 1990, the chapter three assigned for the most important political and constitutional developments of the justice and development Party's ruling , for the period 2002 2014. The Thesis has discussed political and constitutional developments in Turkey after the military coup in 1980 and the consequences of this coup on the course of Turkish political events later. Under this dilemma , it has been raised several questions about the origin and establishment of the Turkish state along with its later developments on the phase of establishment as well as the phase , which came after the military coup in 1980 and its severe developments on the Turkish political system after 1990, and how the Justice and Development Party was able to succeed in its political project and has gained the support of the majority of the Turkish people since 2002 to the present time. The hypothesis of thesis has indicated that the Turkish Republic has witnessed political and constitutional significant changes as a result of internal and external circumstances , top of which was the struggle between the military and secular parties being as protector for the secularism's principles in the country on one hand, and Islamist parties on the other hand, until the conflict got settled between them by preventing military interventions in political affairs. The political struggle got stable , definitely after making several constitutional amendments in line with the further democratic gains and to raise the level of public freedoms in the country in an effort to achieve requirements of joining the EU.The thesis has included a set of most important conclusions : 1st. Turkey is considered as a model for the countries in which the military plays a major role in political life, we find the Turkish military's impact was evident in the Turkish political life, and this shows that the role of this institution is not limited to the defense of the homeland but also the preservation of the political system in accordance with the definite principles 2nd. In respect to the political and constitutional developments during the period from 1980 - 1990, it has been witnessed series of political and constitutional significant developments, perhaps the most important of which is a coup carried out by the army in 1980, and later on developments caused by the coup in the Turkish political system. These developments included various institutions in Turkey, such as the legislative, executive and judicial power. 3rd. The Turkish political system after 1990 has witnessed the rise of anti - secular currents. These currents are represented in the political Islamic forces , which quickly collided with supporters and protectors of the secular trend of the state and most especially the military establishment, which tried to defy and suppress this return to Islam as a political system of ruling in Turkey. 4th. The accession of the Justice and Development Party to power in November 2002, contributed into weakening and undermining the political role of the military establishment, through the constitutional reforms led by the party, despite the adoption of the constitutional reforms, particularly those concerning the role of the military in political life, and reduce the role of the national Security Council of Turkey for the purpose of joining the European Union 5th. Turkish identity crisis is in general and the Kurdish issue in particular of the major crises suffered by the Turkish Republic since its establishment in 1923 and until now, this crisis has formed political , security, economic and social concern for the successive Turkish governments. Now the accession of the Justice and Development Party to power has made some positive steps that will help in solving the Kurdish issue through the development of Turkish majority - dominated regions and has given them some cultural rights, and trying engaging them in the political process. In the first time in Turkey a Kurdish political party could reach to the Turkish National Council and this matter makes the Kurds endowing with hope to achieve more accomplishments and gains in solving their matter
