دراسة تحليلية للتراتب الحجمي للمراكز الحضرية وظاهرة المدينة المهيمنة في محافظة البصرة == An Analytical Study of the Volumetric Ordinances of Urban Centers and the Domination Phenomenon of the City
Author name:
ماجدة عبد الله طاهر العيداني
Supervisor name:
صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي
General topic:
Geography
Specific topic:
Geography
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
10T1765 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The present study aims at discovering the amount of change in the volumes of the urban centers in Basrah province where they vary in volumes. The urban centers were ordered descendingly and distributed into volumetric groups which indicated that there wasn't a hierarchical ordinance in these centers according to population. This lead to the appearance of what is called the domination of the city which is Basrah city center where high density of population is centered because all economic, service, and administrative activities are centered there. For these reasons, Basrah has become work opportunity getter at the expense of other urban centers. The results of the study have shown that average distance between the urban centers has increased. The distance between them varies where the distance between the urban centers varies depending on their areas. We noticed that the distance increases between the urban centers in the districts whenever their area increases. As for the volumetric groups, every volumetric stratum has a specific distance barrier which increases with the increase of the level of the stratum where the volume and distance are in a proportional relation.The characteristic features of the spatial distribution of the urban centers in Basrah province have been investigated and analyzed geographically by using statistical methods and means of spatial analysis and Geographic Information Systems programs. A couple of quantitive statistical methods were used to figure out how urban centers were distributed; these methods are Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve whose results have shown that there was variation and imbalanced distribution of population between the urban centers. The results of neighborhood relation analysis have shown that the spatial aspects of the urban centers distribution were distant and not systematic in all study periods. The results of the correlative coefficient have shown that there was a kind of linear relationship but there was no agreement between the hierarchical natures of the urban centers according to the volumetric base of the urban centers.BThe results have identified the main city, the medium and the middle center of the distribution of the urban centers according to the population in each urban center. The middle center lies at the center of Basrah city and the middle center just near the first. The standard distance was calculated according to the population of each center.The direction of the distribution of these centers has taken an oval shape moving towards the North West and south east of the city. A number of the markers of the urban domination were applied to the urban centers in the city. There is a strong marker denoting that the Basrah city center has an overwhelming dominance over the other urban centers. This was negatively reflected on the first dominant city, where too much crowd and pressure on the infrastructures. Accordingly, a future plan is needed to provide a solution for this problem. Such plan should distribute population and investment in a balanced way to guarantee the distribution of the economic, service and administrative activities evenly. This could be achieved by depending on some planning methods that help diagnosing the problem and help finding the principles of treating it. Among these are Zipf's theory of hierarchical structure of urban centers and the planning method of Riley's model to achieve a volumetric ordinance and employment balance between the urban centers through the redistribution of investments and consequently redistribution of manpower and population in a balanced way in the urban centers.
