النفس بين المدح والهجاء في الشعر الصوفي من القرن الثاني الى نهاية القرن الثامن الهجري == The Self Between Praise And Satire In The Mystic Poetry From The Second Century To The Eighth Century
Author name:
علي عزيز عكار الشحماني
Supervisor name:
اسماعيل خلباص حمادي الزاملي
General topic:
Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic:
Language
Degree:
Master
University:
Wasit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Wasit
First pages:
01T4192 - p.pdf
Abstract:
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful Praise be to Allah, the lord of the worlds, and the blessings are upon prophet Mohammad and his household, the purified. The self is a world of secrets and wonders and it is a great angelic creation. That is why knowing God is connected to knowing the self. From this perspective, a lot of humanistic and scientific studies were conducted in different fields to investigate the self. Each science studies it according to its rules and approaches. You cannot see a science or an art or a school of thought which did not study it. Among the schools of thought which greatly took care of studying the self is the Mystical Doctrine. In their approach, they focused on educating and disciplining the self so they purify their souls and cleanse them in order to reach high degrees, see the unseen and prevail the secrets. So they studied it from many different perspectives and they studied the self states. The mystical literature - prose and poetry - took care of the self and they were affected by the explanations which were conveyed to them by their teachers explaining the self and its psychological states. That is why the mystical literature about the self is rich. According to that, the present study is conducted to investigate the self in the mystical literature. The first chapter studies the self in general( according to its meaning in Arabic language, in the holy Quran, in the teachings of the prophet, in philosophy, in ethics, in psychology, and in the mystical doctrine). The second chapter investigates how mystical poets praised the self and clarifies the reasons behind praising their selves. The most important reason for that praise is that mystics see themselves as a reflection of God in this world. The most important sources of praise for them are love, knowledge, good morals such as patience, contentedness, trustworthiness, keeping secrets, forgiveness, modesty, self richness, etc. The most important mystical terms that are related to the present study are defined in this chapter such as the mystical love and its characteristics, monotheism, prevailing, classifying sciences according to mystics, understanding, realization , and the meaning of the most important morals mentioned in the present study. The third chapter investigates dispraising the self in mystical doctrine. The main reasons for that dispraise are sins, disobeying, weakness, not having a will to continue on the path to Allah, prevailing the secret, not having loyalty, not following the righteous people, confusion, being lost, and ignorance. The most important mystical topics discussed in the present study are praying, pessimism, the heart, blame, willingness, confusion, and some other topics. We ask Allah for correcting us, He is the best lord, the best supporter. May Allah's blessing be upon the prophet and his household, the purified
