علم الكلام واصول الاستدلال على العقيدة : دراسة مقارنة == Kalam Science (Islamic Theology) And Origins of Inference On Doctrine
Author name:
محمد محسن راضي
Supervisor name:
اسماعيل ابراهيم علي البدري
General topic:
Islamic Sciences
Specific topic:
Theology
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Baghdad - College Of Islamic Sciences - Department Of Religion Assets
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
Abstract:
This Thesis is titled as : (Kalam science (Islamic theology) and Origins of Inference on Doctrine) is part of requirements for holding Ph. H in origins of religion, specialization : (Kalam science) presented by the research : (Mohammed Mohsin Radhi) to the board of Faculty of Islamic Sciences - Baghdad University of which he taught two themes : the first one is : (Kalam science) and the second one is : (Origins of Inference on Doctrine). The first theme the researcher in which he taught Kalam science consisting of : its orientation, definition and scientists' attitudes towards it. He concludes the following findings : 1 - Kalam science : is original science its roots are back to the dogmatic issues in which the argument is based on the holy Quran and Sunna so it is not correct to make the internal and external effects on it as reason to deny its originality. 2 - Kalam science has passed in different roles and was affected by several parameters which led it into its orientation and development which can be sum up in three points : the first one is : the legislative text (the Holy Quran and Sunna) and the second one is : the first problems : (Emama/ Leadership and commitment of sins, hope, algebra, overcoming, selection and characteristics) and the third one is : Islam meeting with other religions and civilizations. 3 - Kalam science is the science considering in proving the Islamic doctrines with its certain inferences and driving the suspicion from it. 4 - The researcher concludes in terms of studying the scientists; attitudes towards Kalam science and their arguments that there are two types of theology : good and bad. The separation between them is the extent of approximation and farness from them. 5 - The need to Kalam science still existing and needs to urgent efforts to be developed in the terms of the contemporary latest events and suspicion and the upgraded inferences with observation to be constricted with the origins of legislation and not to be deviated from them. The Second Theme : in which the researcher studied (Origins of Inference on the Doctrine) in which he concludes the following findings : 1 - Methodology of inference on the doctrines at the Islamic factions of Sunna, Mutazella, Zaidiya, Emami, Abadhiya, he finds that the core of the origin of inference on the doctrine is based on : the intellectual inference and audio inference and also he finds that their word is about to be in accord that the audio origin inference on doctrines are : the Holy Quran, prophetic tradition and consensus. 2 - The legislative proofs of holy Quran, prophetic tradition and mentality suggest that there should be certainty of doctrines and their absoluteness, and it is not correct to be in thinking to its contradiction to have share permission or as it can be correct or wrong. Also, the proof to be based on the doctrine should be absolute certainty with audio ard of its argument and its inference and if iis audible, it is from its proof approach as well and it is not correct to be proof of doctrine in certainty having entry to uncertainty. 3 - The Islamic factions agree that that frequently reported news benefits that certainty science and the individually reported news is that all sciences say that does not benefit but thinking but it may benefit the certainty if is connected with evidenced proofs. 4 - The Islamic factions agreed on the evidence of holy Quran and it is origin of audio - inference. 5 - The correctness of inference in any text in Holy Quran on any certain doctrine question must have absolute proof. 6 - The Islamic factions agreed on the prophetic tradition proof and it is origin of audio inference with respect of entirety but Imami faction made it comprehensive based on the twelve Imams teachings. 7 - As the prophetic traditions were not of absolute proof, the prophetic tradition proof is doctrines based on evidence from perfection due to its frequent reporting or its alternative and the correctness of inference of any text on any certain doctrine issue must have absolute proof. 8 - Consensus is not of belief proof just what is in certainty of it as it is in fact the closest supposedly that should be collectively agreed on and to be related with as it is being proof that should be based on so they have no independent proof but it is based on the proof of holy Quran and prophetic tradition. 9 - What is the most prior to say in the sense of mind as term that it has two meanings : real or extinctive and the other is subsidiary or acquired. The first one is extinctive merit to realize it or believe it , while the second one is aimed of the effects occurring in this extinct and the first thing to be expressed on for the intellectual process to be said on is : relating the sense with the reality or its alteration of information explaining with this fact. 10 - The Islamic factions agreed on the intellectual inference proof in doctrines with respect of entirety as it is referred by inspiration with proof of mind and hearing. 11 - The term of extinction has three uses : the first one has general meaning as it is just the human being merits and characteristics found in them. The second one is in particular, the extinct of religion and the third one is ensued from the legislative texts which came adopt the extinction and the scientists were different of it ollah and recognizing His Divinity and the third one is : readiness and preparation for knowing the creator and acceptance of Islam and these explanations all require the particular meaning of extinction (excess in religion. 12 - Saying in the extinction proof in the matters of belief as baseless illogical invitation but on the conveying and logic proof came precluding to be based on as it is being apt to the external impact. 13 - There is some close link between the mental and audio inference represented by the correctness of audio reliance on the intellectual inference. 14 - There is no relation of contradiction between the intellectual and audio proof but on the Mutazila opinion and its companionship by saying of the intellectual term should be and arrangement of award and punishment before hearing coming but it imagine the contradiction between the audio and resembling proof. As with intellectual proof, it is by following hearing and originality. 15 - The method of proving doctrines must follow two matters : the first one is guiding by inspiration to the way of issue evidence and the second one is occurrence of the issue, if it is under realization that the intellectual process can be made completely, to be subject to is permitted by mind or nothing els.
Summary:
00T1427 - A.pdf
References:
00T1427 - R.pdf
