الاوضاع الاجتماعية في مصر (1848 - 1882) == The social situation in Egypt (1848 - 1882)
Author name:
رافع جبار راشد الركابي
Supervisor name:
احمد صبري شاكر الخيقاني
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Dhi Qar
First pages:
11T3285 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The observer of the history of Egypt since ancient times observes that Egypt is a country followed by incidents affecting since the dawn of history , did not prejudice the era of its era or a period of time passed by , except in rare incidents described by history, whether from a local or global perspective as accidents Influenced the course of events or historical trends, and see this since the first Pharaonic family until the present time , and the follower of the analyst of these historical events observes their money from the direct impact on the social reality and the behavioral appearance of the Egyptian people , whether negative or positive , and how these historical events had a return The social situation in Egypt (1848 - 1882) is a historical study of the important and vital topics in history because of its historical depth and the results and great future effects that affected the political arena in Egypt later , and this subject is still far from the studies The Iraqi Academy has not received sufficient attention in our universities so far , since it is not possible to understand the political developments with a comprehensive view and know what accompanied these developments of social events , interaction and influence are intertwined and intertwined between what is political and what is social and economic (1848 - 1882) , and in 1848 the beginning of the subject of the message of the social transformations that took place during this period , which was a major change in the history of the social situation in Egypt. The life of the Egyptian society did not witness the inauguration of the first Abbas social developments as witnessed by the era of Mohammed and there has been a decline and deterioration in the institutions of the state, which had a significant impact on the social reality such as education and health , In 1882 , the subject of the research came to an end as a result of the Arab revolution, which had a great impact on social reality. The chapter deals with the most important political unrest during the period (1801 - 1805) , which had a great impact on the social reality , and has emerged During this period , Egyptian leaders played a major role in encouraging and leading the people to face the injustice and oppression of the Ottoman rulers who ruled Egypt during this period. They burdened the Egyptian people with taxes , forced labor and other methods. The chapter dealt with the policy of Muhammad Ali (1805 - 1848) Through the business and the great changes introduced Li social reality , it was a great role in reviving the living standards of the Egyptian society. The second chapter deals with the social transformations (1848 - 1863). The chapter deals with the first policy of Abbas and its impact on the social reality , especially that the policy adopted by this governor differed very much from that of his grandfather Muhammad Ali. He followed a reactionary policy which neglected most of his grandfather's projects and works Which also deteriorated during the period of his rule, but in spite of that reminds him of some works that reflected positively on the Egyptian society. The chapter also discussed social conditions under the era of Said Pasha (1854 - 1863) During the period of his rule and its impact on the social reality, he has b Many reforms in most areas raised the standard of living of Egyptian society , especially reforms in the field of education , army and agriculture. The third chapter continued social transformations during the reign of Ismael Pasha (1863 - 1879) , where he focused on the reality of the social peasantry and the policy of Ismail Pasha towards the peasants and the forced and injustice they suffered during his reign. Ismail's era was considered the worst era of the peasants during the ninth century We also discussed the situation of the army and its developments , especially at the beginning of the rule of Isma'il , who gave great importance to the army. We also referred to the cultural movement during the era of Ismail and the attention he gave to learning and the press , which reflects positively on social reality and played a role in educating Egyptian society. We also ate the dine Social issues that have taken place in the Egyptian society during the era of Ismael Pasha. We also talked about the judicial system and its impact on Egyptian society , either positively or negatively. The chapter also touched on the impact of the financial crisis on the social reality. The fourth chapter devoted to the study of social reality during the financial crisis and the spread of famine and the exposure of the Egyptian society to great injustice by the Ministry of Finance , which imposed measures burdened the Egyptian people with taxes and forced labor and the emergence of the educated class in the political arena and the growing awareness among the Egyptian people , also addressed the role of the Egyptian people revolution Arabism as a social revolution expressed the hopes of the Egyptian people and the injustice and oppression they suffered from foreigners , especially in the army , which had a big role at the time
