فلسفة اللغة في الفكر الغربي المعاصر تشارلس بورس انموذجا == Philosophy of Language in the thought of contemporary western " Charles Purs
Author name:
سحر كريم عبد العالي
Supervisor name:
هبة عادل ابراهيم العزاوي
General topic:
Philosophy
Specific topic:
Modern Philosophy
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Baghdad - College Of Literature - Department Of Philosophy
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
02T358 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Charles Sanders Peirce is considered one of the most brilliant contemporary scientists and philosophers of Western Thought. He developed pragmatism which he takes as a methodology for the elucidation of concepts in so far as it helps in setting up a theory ofsemiotics which is nor more than a foundation for building vocabulary meaning. As for precedence, Peirce's semiotics is prior in its exemplary presentation as well as being precedent over Saussure's Semiology. The general layout of Peirce's theory is triplex which is original and is affected greatly by Kant's critical philosophy, especially by the ideas of the book entitled "Critique of Pure Reason". Peirce reduced the world and everything in it, including man as being a reasonable entity, to a group of signs which may never go out of three phanerscopic categories laid by his phenomenology. Phanerscopy to him is a description of a phaneron, which is the collective total of all that is in any way or sense present to the mind, quite regardless of whether it agrees with any real thing or not. Peirce replaces direct experience as well as direct vision which needs no proof by scientific experience. The idea to him has become as the delimitation of scientific consequences which are probable to come out of its conception. Our conception of these consequences is a comprehensive conception of the subject matter, where an individual conception is deficient for it has both the implied and the potential. This is why he depends on the collectivity of research, upon which he would found the basis for agreement in respect to the tree dimensions of a sign.Peirce's semiotics does not come out of the linguistic sign alone, but out of the world around us because it is semiotics of representation, interpretation, and reference. This Peirce's semiotics is no more dependent upon logic, but is considered along with logic by him as one thing. The three logical phaneroscopic categories are : 1 - Firstness : it is the category of sensation, feeling, and qualities. The world of the probable.2 - Secondness : it is the world or realization. The world of the objects as they are.3 - Thirdness : The world of the law, idea and reference. All ideas have to belong to these categories. The existence of such knowledge specific to things helps in the continuation of reasoning; and, in so far as all reasoning is incomplete, attempts continue to compensate for such shortage. This is because scientific experience and looking for govern the level ofknowledge.
