موديل رياضي لحساب الجرعة الاشعاعية المستخدمة لعلاج الخلايا الخبيثة وتطوير معدل تحسين الحساسية بمساعدة الجسيمات النانوية == Mathematical Model for Calculating Radiation Dose used to Treat Malignant Cells and Improved SER with Aid of Nanoparticles
Author name:
طالب عبد الرضا عبد الواحد
Supervisor name:
نهاد عبد الامير صالح المعموري
General topic:
Physics
Specific topic:
Physics
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Babylon - College Of Science - Physics Department
Language:
English
University location:
Babylon
First pages:
26T1637 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Radiotherapy is one of the steps for cancer treatment, which involves using high energy photons produces from radioactive source or linear accelerator. Because of limited tolerance of human organs for radiation appears a need to enhance radiotherapy by increasing absorbed dose inside human target. One of the most promising methods currently used involving contrast agent like nanoparticles to enhance the radiation tolerance inside the tumor. Interaction between high energy photon (E> 1.022MeV) and nanoparticle inside specific organ produces electron and positron according to pair production. This thesis aims to create an enhancement in the cross section of the tumor cells by nanoparticles like gold nanoparticles, gadolinium nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and titanium nanoparticles. The goal behind using nanoparticles is to increase the dose received by the tumor cells without increasing the dose received in surrounding healthy tissue.The importance of this method is to reduce the number of radiotherapy sessions (time) that are given to patients with cancer then result in reducing the side effects of radiation therapy. This is done by increasing sensitivity enhancement ratio (SER). SER is the ratio of survival cells to initial cells for irradiation without and with nanoparticles. The direct injection of nanoparticles into malignant tumor is considered a perfect method to increase (SER).Each gold, gadolinium, silver and titanium nanoparticles were used as radio - sensitizing agents to increase (SER), the greater number of malignant cells destroyed by radiation with the aid of nanoparticles produced the greater the amount of (SER). The contrast agent loaded to malignant tumor interacts with X - ray photons whose energy ranged from 2MeV to 20 MeV. This thesis recorded many SER depending on the typeof contrast agent and energy of X - ray. Each nanoparticle was irradiated with photons energy 2MeV, 4Mev, 6 MeV, 8 MeV, 10 MeV, 15 MeV, 20MeV, respectively. The same approach was applied with each of brain, breast, lung, prostate, and ovary tumors.™ The brain results showed an average enhancement in SER as follows : 11.63 when using TiNPs, 13.24 with using AgNPs, 13.72 with using GdNPs, 14.26 with using AuNPs. The breast shows average SER results as coming 10.79 to TiNPs, 12.45 to AgNPs, 12.95 to GdNPs finally 13.50 to AuNPs and average SER for lung as next 10.86 to TiNPs, 12.51to AgNPs, 13.03to GdNPs and 13.59to AuNPs. Average SER results of ovary as coming 10.85with TiNPs, 12.52 with AgNPs, 13.02 with GdNPs and 13.58 with AuNPs. Final average SER to prostate arranged as 10.83 to TiNPs, 12.47 to AgNPs, 12.93 to GdNPs finally 13.50 to AuNPs. From these results can be concluded higher SER response of organs to nanoparticles with high energy X - ray are arranged as follow in first degree AuNPs, secondly GdNPs, third AgNPs and finally TiNPs.
