ابرز احداث الحروب الصليبية بين مؤرخيها المعاصرين العرب واللاتين : دراسة نقدية مقارنة (489 - 895هـ/ 1095 - 1489م) == The Most Outstanding Events Of The Crusader Wars Between The Contemporary Arab And Latin Historians (A Comparative Critical Study 489 - 895 A.H./ 1095 - 1489Ac)
Author name:
شروق مجيد محيبس السراج
Supervisor name:
عباس عبد الستار عبد القادر الزهاوي
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Islamic History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Baghdad - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
11T2816 - p.pdf
Abstract:
This thesis deals with the most outstanding events of the crusader wars between the contemporary arable and Latin historians (a comparative critical study, an image that is governed in two opposite views, an Islamic view towards a Latin topic of the crusader wars, by all its events and consequences. These are the topics of our thesis from the beginning of the Crusades and the results it comes up with. The thesis concludes that in spite of the difference of the two views, there are many agreements and similarities that led to the signing of conventions and between the two parties, and also led to attitudes that were governed by tolerance like the attitude of Salah Alden Al - Ayubi towards the residents of Jerusalem when liberated it from the Crusader control, and how he treated the Crusader prince who were captured in Haotin Battle. Also, a notable example was how Al - Kamil Al - Ayubi, sultan of Egypt, treated the emperor Fredriech II. There was a friendly relationship at the hands of the Crusades. The thesis also concludes through some of the Latin historians that there were admiration and praise as a result of following the policy of tolerance and pardon as well as recognition of their knighthood and heroism like the case of EmadAldinZenki and his son Nor - Aldin Mahmoud and Salah Aldin. The research proves that failure which afflicted the mogul - Crusade against Muslims, especially in the Levant and Egypt, had reasons and consequences the most importance reason was the solidarity and coherence among the Muslim factions for the reason of evacuate the Holy Lands for any foreign existence. It shows that the divisions among the Crusaders princes, monarchs and knights, especially the English and the French, and the French and Germans, were not divisions because of competition and the capturing of authority, but mostly due to the feeling in Europe in general and in Papal feeling that those monarchs and princes do not serve the Crusader and the Cross cause, but they were out of the papal claim that they were out of law. Therefore, the Pope made a decree to excommunicate the German Emperor Friedrish II. Also, the weakness form which the crusaders suffer becomes clear when the sought support by the Moguls. But the Crusaders were not united in that alliance with the Moguls. Antakya allied with them and some refused the alliance as in Akka. The research concludes that the Muslim husotrianswere not neutral and objective in dealing with the Crusader leaders and they were described as ‘damned and outlaws’ and ‘heretics who worship the trinity.’ Many of the historians did not mention the name of the king but they only mention the title like ‘the Prince,’ ‘the King’ or the Emperor’ and the like. The study concludes that the mutual civilizational effects between the Muslim east and the Latin west were one - sided which resulted in the future European Renaissance that includes all the intellectual, military and social fields. The civilizational sharing which happened after warring and aggressing andhostility made the Europeans recognize not only their defeat but also they acknowledged the crimes which they had committed. Finally, this thesis is like a work that contributeswith other researches and studies about the Crusader movement as a suitable place, before the judges of history, for the disasters and pains it caused and has left behind.
Summary:
11T2816 - A.pdf
References:
11T2816 - R.pdf
