الاوقاف السلطانية في الدولة العثمانية 1451 - 1566م == The Sultan's Awqaf of The Ottoman Empire 1451 - 1566
Author name:
سيناء جاسم محمد الطائي
Supervisor name:
خليل علي مراد
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Education - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Mosul
First pages:
11T3191 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Alwaqf (dedication of property for religious purposes) is a positive aspect in the Islamic civilization. It is a sort of voluntary current charity spent in the cause of well - being. Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) encouraged Muslims to dedicate property and the caliphs who succeeded him. To delicate property During the Omayyad and Abbasid rule Alwaqf flourished to reach its apex under the Abbasids in its religious, economic, social and cultural dimensions. When the Ottoman Empire ruled (1299 - 1922 A.D.) it took care of Alwaqf to the extent that it became one of their establishments, which played a great role in instructing the Muslim society and supporting the government. The Ottomans benefitted from alwaqf in the Islamic world especially the Seleucids and Mamluks. The present paper deals with the Sultans’ Awqaf in the Ottoman Empire 1451 - 1566 A.D. The term Sultan’s Awqaf means the property dedicated by the Ottoman Sultans and their wives, which reflects the humanitarian aspect of the Ottoman Empire. The study falls into four chapters. Chapter One is devoted to the Ottoman Awqaf prior to 1451 A.D. It tackles the Islamic nature of the Ottoman Empire, the beginnings, the Hanfi creed of the state and their revival of the Islamic Caliphate. Chapter Two deals with Awqaf under the rule of Mohammed Alfateh (1451 - 1481 A.D.) and Bayazeed II (1481 - 1512 A.D). Chapter Three deals with Awgaf under the rule of Saleem I (1512 - 1520 A.D.) and Sulayman Al - Qanoony (1520 - 1566 A.D.). Chapter Four studies the management of Sultan’s Awqaf concentrating on the role of the Judge and the Mutawaly. Since Alwaqf continues even after the death of the dedicator, the period covered by this chapter exceeds 1566 A.D. to show how Alwaqf was managed to the end of the Ottoman Empire. The results of the study show that the Ottoman Empire inherited the norms and traditions of the previous Islamic state especially the Seleucids. Since Islamic awaqaf plays a great role in in availing services to public as well as helping the poor and the needy, the Ottoman Empire showed interest in awqaf and the Sultans and their wives were the first to dedicate driven by a desire to win the please Allah. Texts show that Alwaqf participated in the continuation of educational and health institutions
