الحكومة الائتلافية في ظل دستور العراق لعام 2005 : دراسة مقارنة == Coalition Government Under Iraq's 2005 Constitution : A Comparative Study
Author name:
شداد خليفة خزعل التميمي
Supervisor name:
سمير داود سلمان الدليمي
General topic:
Law
Specific topic:
Constitutional Law
Degree:
Master
University:
Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Law - Department Of Public Law
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
13T1489 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Pave the topic : The vast majority of constitutions do not put an end to an officer or an educated guess the future of the proportion of seats that you get the competing lists in any kind of parliamentary elections, and then can not be any list or party to predict in advance the number of seats that will be obtained within the parliament, and whether Cetkfah these seats to play to form a government and then up to the helm of power or you may get a seat converts numbers between one seat to form a government, and the reason for this is that the Constitution puts the general rule for the type of election was only the direct secret ballot, and this is what was adopted by Iraq's constitution in force for the year leaving in 2005 to determine the number of seats to votes.There is also a constitutional texts focused on the necessity of the distribution of parliamentary seats under the pretext of the representation of all, this indicates the Shi it shows that the constitutional legislator has already predicted, and wanted to force the political parties that have entered the field of race to accept the other parties, even if they lower their importance, has won a seat or two seats, but they must lend a hand to the other parties to be able Bmeitha to achieve the required majority. Not to mention that social classes and cultural diversity and sometimes sectarian thought is could lead to heterogeneity within the parliament so the coalition government may be considered as one of the constitutional solutions that the political system may be off the hook completely legal vacuum and frequent formation of governments that may generate already dead not Asthsalha on confidence required by the members of parliament.The coalition government in Iraq, borne out of social reality and the large number of political parties that wish to participate in one way or another or to gain power and to enter the arena of political life. So it was incumbent upon the other parties to accept smaller parties however reluctantly in order to gain the confidence of Parliament.And Iraq are among the most Arab countries, which have seen shifts violent political events since the emergence of the modern Iraqi state in the twenties of the last century and up to the present has been to these transformations events as much as they relate to considerations of interests and policies, international and regional alliances on the one hand and the conflict or convergence of ideas and objectives of the parties various Iraqi political forces on the other hand, in how to manage the affairs of state raised included the overall aspects of life in Iraq, including the political aspects that can be expressed in terms of political effectiveness and political stability. Previous political experience has shown that there is a close between form followed the political system and the efficiency and stability of political Dolh.vfa Iraq relationship can identify a set of indicators by which the performance of successive political regimes measure the extent to which the effectiveness and stability of the politicians and the consequent economic and social progress, including that of the extent of success in the application of the rules of democracy and public freedoms and participation in governance and the peaceful transfer of power and dealing with the Kurdish issue and sectarian issue, including with regard to the quality of the foreign relations with regional and international Oceans.Importance of the study : The importance of research Ptsulaith to eat Iraq partisan composition of which reflected the social, cultural and religious reality and how it affected the political and constitutional approach to the formulation of legal frameworks and political practices and access to popular satisfaction expressed by the political parties of the Iraqi social Alaracah.valbeih consisted of different visions and different religious affiliation different components which reflected heavily on Iraqi society options during the election which led to the disparity in the electoral votes and the secretion of Parliament can say that he is not homogeneous did not get under which any list of the majority required to qualify for the formation of Aovernmh.kma lies the importance of the phenomenon of coalition governments have begun to spread not only Iraq, but in most countries of the world for reasons including the desire to engage the small parties and representation of all the components in order to reach a rational political decisions away from monopoly and domination or individual.The problem of the study : The real problem to the subject of the coalition government lies in the difficulty of finding a compromise formula for the party to attract the largest number of parliamentary seats, which makes it difficult to form a government many The seats scattered inside the parliamentary dome in Iraq, causing him to resort Some parties are forced to enter these seats within the list to be able to form a government and impose their will on these small seats as it does not pose a threat, and which benefited from a temporary stage. The parliamentary elections in Iraq has produced this fact, which called for the matter to the desire of the lists that did not reach the threshold required to form a government initiative to make concessions may amount to its election program in order to enter the largest number of seats to be able to form a government. As summarized study the problem in the elucidation of whether there was a relationship between the nature and form of applied in Iraq's political system on the one hand and efficiency and stability of the politicians on the other hand, or is there another form of political systems can be a better alternative, in the sense alternative that achieves the highest gains with minimal losses commensurate with the nature of Iraqi society combination.The study hypothesis : Consistent with the study, we presented a problem, we proceed from the strong hypothesis "that there is a positive relationship between the form of the system of government on the one hand and efficiency and stability of the politicians on the other hand in Iraq," in other words, that whenever government which will absorber for the combined nature of Iraqi society system whenever he was able to achieve political instability that followed internal stability of the year. Has demonstrated this hypothesis through history many models of global political systems that managed the advancement of society civilized advanced on the ruins of a number of religious, sectarian, political and social conflicts between groups with origins, religions and doctrines of different away from foreign interference, and this is what has been achieved in many countries such as India, which includes social vehicle lineup is very large, as well as the European communities that settled after the religious and ethnic conflicts and its example of France and Britain as well as the United States, which includes a mixture of different religions and ethnicities.The study methodology : Our study of this study as interference in the humanities field that legal studies comprising a part, has been the adoption of the descriptive approach to describe the phenomenon in question and study, as primarily been adopted comparative approach to compare the fact that the message title of a comparative study of models elected Arab countries or non - Arab, and as well as about it, the analytical nature of the study also so analytical method employed in the comparison and analysis. Plan or structure of the study : For the purpose of the study of the subject (the coalition government in Iraq under the Constitution of 2005) divided the study or divided into three chapters and a conclusion.Chapter I : devoted to the study of the coalition government : a theoretical framework, has been divided in three sections : specialize first section, the concept of the government and the coalition government, while the second section was dedicated to the study of the properties and elements of the formation of the coalition government, while the third section, consecrated for the emergence of coalition government .The second chapter was dedicated to the study of the formation of the coalition government requirements, and distributed to the three sections. We studied in the first part, the availability of a parliamentary political system political system as a condition for the formation of the coalition government, while the second section, handled constitutional provisions to help form a coalition government, while the third section, focused on the legal texts to help form a coalition government.Finally, Chapter III : Section two to two sections, the first section defines the nature of the political parties in Iraq after 9.4.2003, while addressing the second section, the political parties in Iraq and its role in the formation of the coalition government.In conclusion, the study conclusion that included the most important findings of the study with a set of recommendations.
